CN104737532A - 用于适应性优化通信设备的电源中的功率耗散和广播功率的装置、系统和方法 - Google Patents

用于适应性优化通信设备的电源中的功率耗散和广播功率的装置、系统和方法 Download PDF

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CN104737532A
CN104737532A CN201380054500.7A CN201380054500A CN104737532A CN 104737532 A CN104737532 A CN 104737532A CN 201380054500 A CN201380054500 A CN 201380054500A CN 104737532 A CN104737532 A CN 104737532A
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cell voltage
sampling
cycle
data packet
logical circuit
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尼雷·亚尼
道格拉斯·韦伯
乔纳森·惠特灵顿
杰弗里·伯克曼
李海峰
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Proteus Digital Health Inc
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Proteus Biomedical Inc
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G16INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16HHEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H40/00ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices
    • G16H40/40ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the management of medical equipment or devices, e.g. scheduling maintenance or upgrades
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/07Endoradiosondes
    • A61B5/073Intestinal transmitters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/20Monitoring; Testing of receivers
    • H04B17/21Monitoring; Testing of receivers for calibration; for correcting measurements
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2560/00Constructional details of operational features of apparatus; Accessories for medical measuring apparatus
    • A61B2560/02Operational features
    • A61B2560/0204Operational features of power management
    • A61B2560/0214Operational features of power management of power generation or supply
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/05Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves 
    • A61B5/053Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body
    • A61B5/0537Measuring body composition by impedance, e.g. tissue hydration or fat content
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/48Other medical applications
    • A61B5/4848Monitoring or testing the effects of treatment, e.g. of medication
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6846Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive
    • A61B5/6847Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive mounted on an invasive device
    • A61B5/6861Capsules, e.g. for swallowing or implanting
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/06Receivers
    • H04B1/16Circuits
    • H04B1/1607Supply circuits
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00Baseband systems
    • H04L25/38Synchronous or start-stop systems, e.g. for Baudot code
    • H04L25/40Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits
    • H04L25/49Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems
    • H04L25/4902Pulse width modulation; Pulse position modulation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/443OS processes, e.g. booting an STB, implementing a Java virtual machine in an STB or power management in an STB
    • H04N21/4436Power management, e.g. shutting down unused components of the receiver

Abstract

提供一种用于在广播数据包的通信期间优化传送给接收器的功率的同时稳定电池设备的电池电压的装置、系统和方法。逻辑电路被配置为:接收广播数据包,所述广播数据包具有预定数目的比特,用于由控制器向远离于控制器而设置的接收器的通信;判断在广播数据包的预定数目的比特的第一子集上的其中采样的电池电压大于、或者小于或等于额定电池电压的周期的数目;以及基于对采样的电池电压不等于额定电池电压的周期计数的周期数目来执行上调过程或下调过程,其中对采样的电池电压不等于额定电池电压的周期计数的周期数目超过所计数的周期总数目的一半。

Description

用于适应性优化通信设备的电源中的功率耗散和广播功率的装置、系统和方法
引言
本公开大体针对用于适应性优化通信设备的电源中的功率耗散和广播功率的技术。更具体而言,本公开针对用于适应性优化可摄取式通信设备的电源中的功率耗散和广播功率的技术。尤其是,本公开针对用于对可摄取式事件标示器(IEM)适应性优化功率耗散或适应性优化广播功率(或其组合)的技术,所述可摄取式事件标示器在相异材料暴露于导电液体而溶解时充当流电电源、例如电池。一旦以上述方式通电,IEM则传递广播信号,这将在下文中更详细地描述。相应地,可能期望在IEM广播周期期间优化信号的传输,同时将从流电电池源中移除的电荷最小化。还可能期望的是通过控制在广播周期期间从电池流出的电流与传输脉冲的脉冲宽度的组合、并且权衡输出电荷与预定的电池恢复电压或电池阻抗测量来优化信号传输。
本公开还大体针对用于判断在可摄取式通信设备进入操作的高电流消耗模式之前电池功率的可用性的装置、系统和方法。对于可摄取式设备诸如IEM的操作,电池阻抗是由随时间的材料溶解量来确定的,并且可能以十倍或更多倍来变化,可能期望获知在执行广播通信操作之前电池能够维持预定的电流消耗。
本公开还大体针对使用衬底作为负端子的集成电路的装置、系统和方法。对于使用P型原材料的互补金属氧化物半导体(CMOS)设备,使其衬底涉及系统的最负电位并不少见。对于可摄取式设备(诸如IEM),这样的衬底连接形成电源的负端子,而半导体晶片的顶部连接至电源的正端子。在这样的配置之下,可能难以在晶片的顶侧提供负端子连接,这是由于存在正端子在电源激活期间短路的可能性、或者导致两个端子之间的泄漏电流增大的可能性。这种仅在晶片的顶侧提供负端子并且依赖于衬底连接的困难,可能导致在晶片分类测试中的测量不准确性,这是由于存在从衬底到连接至负端子的片上电路的阻抗。相应地,可能期望提供这样的负端子连接,其能够位于晶片的顶侧,仅在测试模式期间被激活并且在操作的所有其他模式期间处于高阻抗状态。
本公开还大体针对用于在可摄取式设备(诸如IEM)中将电源与广播功率源分离的装置、系统和方法。在典型的架构中,数字电路、模拟电路和I/O电路之间共享IEM的电源。这种电源共享导致需要额外的电路而在广播之前将共享的电源与模拟和/或数字电路断开从而不影响其操作,并且将足够的电荷储存在存储设备上使得在电源与这些电路断开时模拟电路和数字电路保持可操作。相应地,可能期望提供如下方法,通过所述方法IEM电源能够物理性地分离成允许移除电荷存储设备的具有预定值的多个电源。此外,可能期望提供用以使数字和模拟电路从任何耦接效应去敏感化的架构,所述耦接效应是一个电源与另一电源的紧密靠近所可能导致的。
发明内容
在一个方面中,提供一种在广播数据包的通信期间优化传送给接收器的功率的同时稳定电池设备的电池电压的方法。所述方法包括:通过逻辑电路来接收广播数据包,所述广播数据包具有预定数目的比特,用于被控制器传递至远离于控制器而设置的接收器;通过逻辑电路来判断,在广播数据包的预定数目的比特的第一子集上,采样的电池电压大于、或小于、或等于额定电池电压的周期数目;以及基于所计数的周期数目,其中采样的电池电压不等于额定电池电压超过所计数的周期总数目的一半,来执行上调过程或下调过程。
附图说明
图1是相异金属位于相对端部的事件指示器系统的一个方面的框图表示。
图2是可已被用在图1的系统中的所用的控制设备的一个方面的框图表示。
图3是与接收器通信的事件指示器系统的一个方面的框图。
图4A示出提供比传输信号重复周期更长的嗅探周期(sniff period)的信标开关模块的一个方面的图。
图4B示出提供短但频繁的嗅探周期以及提供长传输数据包的信标开关模块的一个方面。
图5示出用于自动校准过程的判决逻辑的一个方面。
图6示出用于自动校准上调过程的判决逻辑的一个方面。
图7示出用于自动校准下调过程的判决逻辑的一个方面。
图8示出用于判断在可摄取通信设备进入操作的高电流消耗模式之前的电池可用性的电池可用性判断电路的一个方面。
图9示出用于提供负端子连接的电路图,该负端子连接可位于晶片的顶侧、仅在测试模式期间被激活并且在操作的所有其他模式期间处于高阻抗状态。
具体实施方式
在详细解释用于适应性优化通信设备的电源中的功率耗散和广播功率的装置、系统和方法的各个实施例之前,应注意,本文所公开的这种技术的各方面在应用或用途上不限于以下描述和附图中所示出的结构细节和各部分的设置。各个方面可以实施或合并在其他方面、变型和修改中,以及可以用各种方式来实践或实施。此外,除非另外指明,否则本文所采用的术语和表述这样选择是为了向读者方便地描述所示出的方面,而不是出于对其进行限制。另外,应理解,任何一个或更多个所公开的方面、表述和实例可以与任何一个或更多个其他所公开的方面、表述和实例进行组合,不受到限制。
实施例1
在一个方面,本公开大体针对用于适应性优化通信设备的电源(诸如电池)中的功率耗散和广播功率的装置、系统和方法。更具体而言,在一个方面,本公开针对用于适应性优化可摄取式通信设备的电源中的功率耗散和广播功率的装置、系统和方法。更具体而言,在另一个方面,本公开针对用于适应性优化例如IEM的电池中的功率耗散和广播功率的装置、系统和方法。
在一个方面,用于适应性优化电源(诸如电池)中的功率耗散和广播功率的技术可以利用自动校准判决逻辑来实现,所述自动校准判决逻辑采用用于适应性优化电池中的功率耗散和广播功率的上调和下调过程。根据本公开,包括用于适应性优化电池中的功率耗散和广播功率的上调和下调过程的自动校准判决逻辑,可在包括IEM的系统中实践或实现。IEM设备的方面在Zdeblick等的发明名称为“Communication System withPartial Power Source”的美国专利No.7,978,064中公开,其全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
在描述自动校准判决逻辑以及用于适应性优化电池中的功率耗散和广播功率的上调/下调过程的各个方面之前,本公开现在转向对于能够实践自动校准判决逻辑以及用于适应性优化电池中的功率耗散和广播功率的上调/下调过程的系统的简要描述。
相应地,图1是是相异金属位于相对端部的事件指示器系统100的一个方面的框图表示。在一个方面,系统100可以与任何药物制品结合使用。在一个方面,所述系统可用于判断患者何时服用了药物制品,诸如药丸、药片、胶囊,且不限制于这些。然而,本公开范围不受到与系统100一起使用的环境和制品的影响。例如,系统100可置于药片上或置于胶囊中,并置于导电液体中。药片或胶囊然后经一段时间溶解,并且将系统100释放到导电液体中。因此,在一个方面,药片或胶囊可以在没有药物制剂或制品的情况下包含系统100。这样的胶囊例如可以用在存在导电液体的任何环境中,或者可以与任何制品、诸如活性药物制剂、维生素、安慰剂等一起使用,没有限制。在各个实例中,胶囊或药片可投入到装有航空燃油、盐水、番茄酱、机油或任何相似品的容器中。此外,包含系统100的胶囊可在药物制品被摄取的同时被摄取,以记录事件的发生,诸如何时服用了所述制品或触发了任何其他的事件。
在与药物制品组合的系统100的特定实例中,随着所述制品或药丸被摄取,系统100被激活。系统100控制电导以产生被检测的唯一电流签名,由此表示已经服用了药物制品。系统100包括框架102。框架102是用于系统100的底架,且多个组件附接至框架102、沉积在框架102上、或紧固至框架102。在系统100的这个方面,可消化的第一材料104在物理上与框架102相关联。材料104可化学沉积在框架上、蒸镀到框架上、紧固至框架、或构建在框架上,其全部可以在本文中称为相对于框架102“沉积”。材料104沉积在框架102的一侧。可用作材料104的关注材料包括但不限于:Cu或CuI。材料104通过物理气相沉积、电沉积或等离子体沉积以及其它方法来沉积。材料104可为约0.05μm至约500μm厚,诸如约5μm至约100μm厚。形状由阴影掩模沉积或光刻和刻蚀来控制。另外,虽然仅示出一个区用于沉积所述材料,但每个系统100可根据需要而包含两个或更多个电性唯一区,在所述电性唯一区可沉积材料104。
在不同侧(其可为如图1所示的相对侧),沉积可消化的第二材料106,使得材料104和106相异。虽然未图示,但所选择的该不同侧可为与针对材料104所选择的一侧邻接的一侧。本发明的范围不受所选择的侧的限制,并且术语“不同侧”可意指不同于第一选定侧的多个侧中的任一个。此外,虽然系统的形状被示出为方形,但形状可为任何几何上合适的形状。第一材料104和第二材料106被选择为使得其在系统100与导电液体(诸如体液)接触时产生电压电势差。用于材料106的关注材料包括但不限于:Mg、Zn或其它负电性金属。如以上关于第一材料104所指出,第二材料106可化学沉积在框架上、蒸镀到框架上、紧固至框架、或构建在框架上。而且,粘附层可能是必要的,以帮助第二材料106(以及在需要时,帮助第一材料104)粘附至框架102。用于第二材料106的典型粘附层是Ti、TiW、Cr或类似材料。阳极材料和粘附层可通过物理气相沉积、电沉积或等离子体沉积来沉积。第二材料106可为约0.05μm至约500μm厚,诸如约5μm至约100μm厚。然而,本发明的范围既不受任何材料的厚度的限制,也不受用以将材料沉积或紧固至框架102的工艺类型的限制。
根据所述的公开内容,材料104和106可为具有不同电化学电势的任何成对材料。另外,在活体内使用系统100的实施例中,材料104和106可为能够被吸收的维生素。更具体地,材料104和106可由适合于系统100将要进行操作的环境的任何两种材料制成。例如,当与可摄取式产品一起使用时,材料104和106为可摄取的具有不同电化学电势的任何成对材料。一个说明性实例包括系统100与离子溶液(诸如胃酸)接触时的例子。合适的材料不限于金属,在某些实施例中,成对的材料选自金属和非金属,例如,由金属(例如Mg)与盐(例如CuCl或CuI)组成的对。关于活性电极材料,具有适当不同的电化学电势(电压)和低界面电阻的任何配对的物质——金属、盐或嵌入化合物——是合适的。
关注的材料和配对包括但不限于以下表1中所报告的那些。在一个方面,金属中的一者或两者可被掺杂有非金属,例如,以增强在材料与导电液体形成接触时在所述材料之间形成的电压电势。在某些实施例中可用作掺杂剂的非金属包括但不限于:硫、碘等。在另一实施例中,材料为作为阳极的碘化铜(CuI)和作为阴极的镁(Mg)。本公开的各方面使用对人体无害的电极材料。
表1
因此,当系统100与导电液体接触时,在第一材料104与第二材料106之间通过导电液体形成电流路径。控制器108紧固到框架102且电耦接到第一材料104和第二材料106。控制器108包括电子电路,例如能够控制并改变材料104与106之间的电导的控制逻辑。
在第一材料104与第二材料106之间形成的电压电势提供用于操作系统100的电力以及产生穿过导电液体和系统的电流流动。在一个方面,系统100在直流电模式中操作。在替代的方面,系统100控制电流的方向使得电流的方向以循环方式反转,类似于交流电流。随着系统100到达导电流体或电解液,其中流体或电解液成分由生理流体、例如胃酸提供,材料104与106之间的电流流动路径在系统100外部完成;穿过系统100的电流路径由控制器108控制。电流路径的完成允许电流流动,且接收器304(图3中示出)转而可检测电流的存在并接收由系统100发送/辐射的信息。在一个方面,接收器辨识系统100已被激活且期望的事件正在发生或已经发生。
在一个方面中,所述两种材料104和106在功能上类似于直流电源诸如电池)所需的两个电极。导电液体充当用以完成电源所需要的电解液。所描述的完成的电源由系统100的材料104和106与身体周围的流体之间的物理化学反应来定义。完成的电源可被视为是使用离子溶液或导电溶液诸如胃液、血液或其它体液以及一些组织中的反向电解的电源。另外,环境可为不同于身体的情况,液体可为任何导电液体。例如,导电流体可为盐水或基于金属的涂料。
在某些方面中,这两种材料104和106通过额外的材料层来与周围环境屏蔽。相应地,当屏蔽物溶解且这两种相异材料104和106暴露于目标地点时,产生电压势。
在某些方面,完成的电源或电力供应是由活性电极材料、电解液和非活性材料诸如集电器、封装等组成的。活性材料是具有不同电化学电势的任何成对材料。合适的材料不限于金属,在某些实施例中,配对的材料选自金属和非金属,例如,由金属(诸如Mg)与盐(诸如Cul)组成的对。关于活性电极材料,具有适当不同的电化学电势(电压)和低界面电阻的任何配对的物质——金属、盐或嵌入化合物——是合适的。
多种不同的材料可用作形成电极的材料。在某些方面,电极材料被选择为在与目标生理地点、例如胃部接触时提供电压,所述电压足够驱动识别器的系统。在某些实施例中,在电源的金属与目标生理地点接触时由电极材料提供的电压为0.001V或更高,包括0.01V或更高(诸如0.1V或更高,例如0.3V或更高),包括0.5伏或更高,包括1.0伏或更高,其中在某些实施例中,电压在约0.001伏至约10伏的范围内,诸如从约0.01V至约10V。
第一材料104和第二材料106提供电压电势以激活控制设备108。一旦控制设备108被激活或加电,控制设备108则可用唯一方式来改变材料104与106之间的电导。通过改变材料104与106之间的电导,控制设备108能够控制穿过包围系统100的导电液体的电流的幅值和占空比。这产生可由接收器304(图3中示出)检测并测量的唯一电流签名,所述接收器304可安置在身体内部或身体外。信息能够通过系统100以数据包的形式来通信,直到第一材料和第二材料不能再维持电源为止。除了控制所述材料之间的电流路径的幅值之外,不导电材料、膜或“裙部”还用来增大电流路径的“长度”,因此,起到增强电导路径的作用,如在2008年9月25日提交的发明名称为“In-Body Devicewith Virtual Dipole Signal Amplification”的第12/238,345号美国专利申请中所公开的,所述专利申请的全部内容以引用的方式并入本文中。可替选地,贯穿本文公开内容,术语“不导电材料”、“膜”和“裙部”可与术语“电流路径延长器”互换使用,而不影响本文中的本发明实施例和权利要求书的范围。裙部元件105和107可与框架102相关联,例如,紧固到框架102。裙部的各种形状和配置被预期落入本发明的范围内。例如,系统100可由裙部全部地或部分地包围,且裙部可沿着系统100的中心轴线安置或相对于中心轴线偏心安置。因此,如本文所要求的本公开的范围不受裙部的形状或尺寸限制。此外,在其它实施例中,第一材料104和第二材料106可被一个裙部分开,所述裙部安置在材料104与106之间的任何限定的区域中。
现在参考图2,示出了控制器108的框图表示。设备108包括控制模块202、计数器或时钟204、存储器206和逻辑电路208。此外,控制器108可以包括一个或更多个传感器模块。控制模块202具有电耦接至第一材料104的输入端210和电耦接至第二材料106的输出端212。控制模块202、时钟204、存储器206和逻辑电路208(以及可选地,传感器模块)还具有功率输入端(一些未示出)。这些组件中的每个的电力由当系统100与导电流体接触时第一材料104和第二材料106与导电流体之间的化学反应所产生的电压电势来提供。控制模块202经由改变系统100的整体阻抗的逻辑来控制电导。控制模块202电耦接至时钟204。时钟204向控制模块202提供时钟周期。基于控制模块202的被编程的特性,当已经经过一组时钟周期时,控制模块202改变第一材料104和第二材料106之间的电导特性。重复这样的周期,由此控制器108产生唯一的电流签名特性。控制模块202还电耦接至存储器206。时钟204和存储器206二者都通过第一材料104和第二材料106之间产生的电压电势来供电。
如图3所示,在一个方面,提供逻辑电路208以监控当系统浸入离子流体时第一材料与第二材料之间形成的所得电源或电池的电流消耗和阻抗。在一个方面,包括采样保持电路和模数转换器(ADC)的逻辑电路208以自动校准算法或过程来配置,以适应性地优化所得电源中的功率耗散和广播功率。在一个方面,如在下文中将更详细描述地,逻辑电路208监控并调整系统100的输出的脉冲宽度和电流极限,以使电池电压和传输信号的占空比稳定化,同时优化传送至接收器304(图3中示出)的功率。在一个方面,所述算法可以实现成在预定数据包的传输期间对电池电压(VBATT)的值采样。在一个方面,对脉冲宽度和/或电流极限的调整可在后续数据包的传输期间(诸如,例如下一数据包的传输期间)生效。算法设定(起始脉冲宽度、最小或最大电流极限)可以被编程在存储器206、诸如非易失性存储器中。该编程步骤可以例如在晶片分类阶段执行。在操作中,逻辑电路208可以根据电池恢复电压和电池阻抗的状态来执行上调或下调过程。包括上调和下调过程的逻辑电路208在下文中结合图5至图7进行更详细的描述。逻辑电路208可以用硬件、软件或其组合来实现。在一个方面,逻辑电路208除其他实现方式之外可实现成处理器、状态机、数字信号处理器、离散逻辑,这对于本领域普通技术人员而言是很清楚的。在一个方面,逻辑电路208可以实现成专用集成电路(ASIC)。因此,术语算法或过程的使用不一定被解释成计算机指令的执行。在一个方面,逻辑电路208通过第一材料104与第二材料106之间产生的电压电势来供电。
图3是通信系统300的一个方面的框图,其中事件指示器系统100在通信链路308上与接收器304通信。将理解的是,通信链路308可以是通过离子发射产生的电流流动,或无线链路,且不限于这些。在一个方面,逻辑电路208耦接至电池302电源,电池302电源模型化为具有内部阻抗ZBATT和输出电流(i)的电压源VBATT。逻辑电路208监控电池302的输出电流(i)和电池302的内部阻抗ZBATT。在一个方面,电池302是如以上结合图1和图2所述的在第一材料104和第二材料106浸入离子流体时形成的。接收器304设备的方面在Robertson等的发明名称为“Body-associated Receiver andMethod”的美国专利No.8,114,021中公开,其全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
在一个方面,逻辑电路208被配置为执行自动校准算法或过程以适应性地优化事件指示器系统100的功率耗散和广播功率。在一个方面,事件指示器系统100的控制器202输出广播信号306至接收器304。广播信号306包括以预定频率(f)传输的脉冲序列。广播信号306的各个脉冲定义信息的比特,而脉冲序列定义信息的数据包。脉冲具有周期(T)和脉冲宽度(w),在脉冲宽度期间输出信号激活。周期(T)的倒数是广播信号306的频率。脉冲可以以预定占空比来传输,占空比定义为脉冲宽度(w)与周期(T)之比。
f=1/T Hz
占空比=w/T
在一个方面,控制器202可以传输包括第一数据包的信息的广播信号306,其中第一数据包包括处于第一频率f1的预定数目的脉冲m(例如,m比特的信息)。在一个方面,控制器202可以传输多个第一数据包,所述多个第一数据包包括在第一频率f1的预定数目比特。在一段时间之后,控制器202可以开始广播第二数据包的信息,其中第二数据包包括处于第二频率f2的预定数目的脉冲n(例如,n比特的信息)。在一个方面,处于第一频率f1的第一数据包的系列以正好足够的功率被广播至接收器304以唤醒接收器304。与事件指示器系统100相关的实际数据或信息通过处于第二频率f2的第二数据包来广播。因此,一旦接收器304检测到第一数据包,则其准备接收通过第二数据包所广播的数据。
第一频率f1可以是任何预定频率,在一个方面,可以是从约10kHz到30kHz的任何频率,更优选地为约20kHz。第二频率f2可以是任何预定频率,在一个方面,可以是从约10kHz到15kHz的任何频率,更优选地为约121/2kHz。
在一个方面,事件指示器系统100可以广播处于第一频率f1的预定数目的数据包,例如三至六个数据包或更多,以延迟处于第一频率f1的数据包与处于第二频率f2的数据包之间的广播时间,或通过改变数据包之间的时间间隔来避免传输冲突。类似地,在一个方面,事件指示器系统100可以广播处于第二频率f2的预定数目的数据包,例如三至六个数据包或更多,以避免传输冲突。然而,将要理解的是,可以基于患者所摄取的事件指示器系统100的数目来统计性地确定处于第一频率f1或第二频率f2的重复数据包传输数目。
在一个方面,如在下文将更详细描述的,逻辑电路208监控并调整事件指示器系统100所产生的广播信号306的控制器202输出的脉冲宽度(w)以及电流(i)极限,以使电池电压VBATT以及广播信号306脉冲的占空比稳定化,同时优化传送给接收器304的功率。在一个方面,所述逻辑被配置为在预定数据包被控制器202广播传输期间对电池电压VBATT采样。在一个方面,对于脉冲宽度(w)和/或电流(i)极限的调整可以针对当前数据包广播来确定,并且可应用于后续的数据包,诸如,例如在下一数据包的广播传输期间。例如,算法设定,诸如例如起始脉冲宽度(wo)、最小电流(imin)和最大电流(imax)极限,可以被编程在存储器206(图2)、诸如非易失性存储器中。该编程步骤可以例如在晶片分类阶段执行。
在一个方面,最小电流imin约为1mA,最大电流imax约为4mA。在一个方面,最小占空比DCmin约为15%,最大占空比DCmax约为50%。这些值仅是示例,本系统不应就此受到限制。
在操作中,逻辑电路208可以根据电池302恢复电压VBATT和阻抗ZBATT的状态来执行上调或下调过程。包括上调和下调过程的逻辑电路208将在下文中参照图5至图7来详细描述。
逻辑电路208可以用硬件、软件或其组合来实现。在一个方面,逻辑电路208除了其他实现方式之外可以实现为处理器、数字信号处理器、离散逻辑、或状态机,这对于本领域普通技术人员而言是很清楚的。在一个方面,逻辑电路208可以实现成专用集成电路(ASIC)。因此,术语算法或过程的使用不一定被解释成计算机指令的执行。
虽然在结合图1至图3所示出的方面中逻辑电路208是结合适应性优化第一材料104与第二材料106之间所产生的电源中的功率耗散和广播功率来描述的,但是逻辑电路208并不就此受到限制。例如,逻辑电路208可以被配置为适应性优化任何能量源(诸如传统电池)中的功率耗散和广播功率。
接收器304还可以采用信标功能模块。在各个方面,信标开关模块可以采用下列中的一个或更多个:信标唤醒模块、信标信号模块、波形/频率模块、多频率模块、调制信号模块。
信标开关模块可以与信标通信、例如信标通信信道、信标协议等相关。针对本公开的目的,信标典型地是由控制器108发送的信号,其或者是作为消息的一部分,或者是为了增强消息(在本文中有时被称为“信标信号”)。信标可以具有明确定义的特性,诸如频率。信标可以在噪声环境中很容易被检测到,并且可以被使用于对嗅探电路(sniffcircuit)的触发器。
在一个方面,信标开关模块可以包括具有唤醒功能的信标唤醒模块。唤醒功能通常包括如下功能,即仅在特定时间、例如针对特定用途的短时段期间在高功率模式下操作以接收信号等。对于系统的接收器部分的重要考虑是其具是低功率的。这一特点在植入式接收器中可有利于提供小的尺寸并且保存来自于电池的长时间起作用的电能。信标开关模块通过在极有限的时间段使接收器在高功率模式下操作来实现这些优点。这种短的占空比能够提供优化的系统尺寸和能量消耗特点。
在实践中,接收器304可以周期性地“唤醒”并且处于低能耗,以通过例如嗅探电路来执行“嗅探功能”。接收器305检测处于第一频率f1的第一数据包是在这一时段期间。针对本申请的目的,术语“嗅探功能”通常是指用于判断是否存在发射器(例如通信系统)的短小低功耗功能。如果通过嗅探功能检测到通信系统100的广播信号306,则接收器304可以转变到更高功率的通信解码模式。如果不存在通信系统100的广播信号306,则接收器304可以返回、例如立刻返回休眠模式。以此方式,在不存在发射器信号时的相对较长时段期间能量得到保存,而在存在广播信号306时的相对较少时段期间高功率容量保持对于有效解码模式操作有效。若干模式及其组合可对于操作嗅探电路可用。通过将特定系统的需求与嗅探电路配置匹配,可以实现最优化的系统。
图4A示出信标开关模块的图400,其中嗅探周期401比广播信号306(图3)重复周期403更长。横轴上提供时间函数。如所示,广播信号306以重复周期403来周期性重复,同时嗅探功能也在运行。在实践中,有效的是嗅探周期401可以比广播信号306重复周期403更长。在各个方面,在嗅探周期之间可存在相对较长的时间段。以此方式,嗅探功能(例如被实现为嗅探电路)被保证为在每当嗅探电路激活时产生至少一次传输。
图4B示出图410,其中信标开关模块提供短但频繁的嗅探周期405和长的传输数据包407。嗅探电路将在传输时间期间在某点处激活。以此方式,嗅探电路可以检测传输信号并且切换到高功率解码模式中。
额外的信标唤醒方面在连续模式中提供“嗅探”功能。穿体信标传输通道的这一方面可以利用总能耗为平均功耗与时间的乘积这一事实。在此方面,系统可以通过具有非常短的活动时段来最小化总功耗,在此情况下活动时段向下平均到一小的数值。可替选地,提供低连续嗅探活动。在此情况下,配置提供足够低的功率,使得传输接收器以总能耗在对于特定系统的参数而言的适度水平连续运行。
在一个方面,接收器304的嗅探模块被配置为扫描数据,所述数据由控制器202编码在离子发射所产生的电流中。数据以设定的时间安排、例如每20秒在接收器304处被接收作为传导信号。激活嗅探期间的周期是有限制的,例如300毫秒。这一相对较低的占空比允许实现针对增长的系统寿命的更低的平均功率功能。接收器304判断广播信号306是否存在,并且该广播信号306是否具有有效的ID。如果在激活的嗅探期间没有检测到具有有效ID的信号,则关闭该激活的嗅探直到下一预定激活时段。如果接收到具有有效ID的广播信号306,则接收器304判断接收到信号306是否来自于之前检测到的离子发射器。如果广播信号306是来自于之前检测到的离子发射器,则接收器304判断当前唤醒周期(自上一报告的ID起的有效时间,诸如10分钟)中的计数(换言之,同一ID的各个有效检测)是否大于如阈值计数器所测量的特定数目(诸如50)。如果计数超过阈值计数器所确定的该阈值,则接收器304返回到嗅探模式。如果计数未超过该阈值,则接收器在100%检测模式下操作以分析所接收到的通过离子发射而被编码在电流流动中的数据。一旦接收的数据被解码且分析,接收器304则确定被编码在电流流动中的数据来自于与之前检测到的不同的有效源,然后重置阈值计数器。
在另一方面,进入接收器304的广播信号306代表了通过电极接收的、通过高频信令链(其含有载波频率)被带通滤波(诸如从10KHz至34KHz)以及从模拟转换到数字的信号。然后广播信号306被十分之一抽取并在混频器中以额定驱动频率(诸如12.5KHz、20KHz等)来混频。所得信号被十分之一抽取且被低通滤波(诸如5KHz频带宽度)以产生向下混频至载波偏置-信号的载波信号。该载波偏置-信号进一步被处理(快速傅里叶变换,然后检测两个最强的峰值)以提供真实的载波频率信号。这一方法允许实现传输信标的载波频率的准确确定。
在图1至图4中已经描述了一般的可摄取式设备系统100,在其中可以实践用于适应性优化电池302中的功率耗散和广播功率的装置、系统和方法,本公开现在转向对于图5所示的流程图的描述,其示出自动校准判决逻辑500的过程的一个方面。自动校准判决逻辑500可通过逻辑电路208来实现。相应地,将参照图1至图5来描述自动校准判决逻辑500。在通过通信系统100的广播周期期间,期望利用图5中所描述的过程的一个方面来优化广播信号306同时最小化从电池302移除的电荷。广播信号306可以通过控制广播周期期间的电流(i)与脉冲宽度(w)的组合、并且权衡输出电荷与预定的电池302恢复电压VBATT-REC或电池阻抗ZBATT测量来进行优化。
在一个方面,这可通过如结合图6和图7所述的“上调”和“下调”过程或算法来实现。在上调阶段,增大广播周期的电流(i)或脉冲宽度(w),直到已获得预定的电池302恢复电压VBATT-REC或电池阻抗ZBATT。然后多增加一步该步骤,以确保电池302电压VBATT大于电池302恢复电压VBATT-REC。然后进入“下调”阶段,其中减小广播周期的其他参数、电流(i)或脉冲宽度(w),直到再次检测到预定的电池302恢复电压VBATT-REC或电池阻抗ZBATT。然后将广播电流(i)和脉冲宽度(w)的组合储存在存储器中,并且在后续数据包、例如下一数据包的单个广播周期期间使用。
在一个方面,通过在非广播周期期间对电池302的恢复电压VBATT-REC采样并对结果执行平均值计算来实现确定电池302恢复电压VBATT-REC或电池阻抗ZBATT的过程。此外,可以通过优化过程来使用电流(i)和脉冲宽度(w)的起始值以及电流(i)和脉冲宽度(w)的最大值,以确保最小和最大广播参数不被违背。
在广播信号306的传统传输期间,通过本质上将电池302短接而利用电池302的所有功率。这导致对于电池302的更长的恢复时间和更快的放电速率。在一个方面,自动校准判决逻辑500提供一种用于适应性优化耗散和广播功率的方法,以延长电池302的寿命,同时仍然为控制器202提供足够的广播功率以用于接收器304所做的适当检测。在一个方面,自动校准判决逻辑500可以通过逻辑电路208来实现。相应地,现在参考图5,描述自动校准判决逻辑500的一个方面。在一个方面,可以采用自动校准判决逻辑500以调整控制器202所输出的广播信号306的脉冲宽度(w)和电流(i)极限,以使电池电压VBATT和广播信号306的占空比稳定化,同时最优化传送给接收器304的功率。在一个方面,逻辑500在数据包传输期间对VBATT的值采样。在一个方面,数据包传输可以是20kHz数据包。对脉冲宽度(w)和/或电流(i)极限的调整从后续数据包、诸如下一数据包起生效。在一个方面,逻辑500的设定(起始脉冲宽度、最小和最大电流极限)在晶片分类中可编程在非易失性存储器206(图2)中。
现在参考图3和图5,在502,自动校准判决逻辑500(例如逻辑电路208)等待下一可用的广播数据包,以将电池电压VBATT和阻抗ZBATT特征化。在判决方框504,逻辑电路208判断最后一个广播数据包是否在传输队列中。如果不在,则逻辑500的过程沿着“否”的分支继续,且等待最后一个数据包。如果在,则逻辑500的过程沿着“是”的分支继续。在506,逻辑电路208对电池302电压VBATT采样并利用计数器来计数,例如确定从广播数据包的第i比特至第j比特,其中采样的电池电压(VCAP)小于额定电池电压(VBATT_NOM)例如VCAP<VBATT_NOM的周期数目。在判决方框508,逻辑电路208判断是否对广播数据包的第i比特与第j比特之间的半数以上周期而言采样的电压VCAP小于额定电池电压VBATT_NOM。采样的电池电压(VCAP)可以通过例如使用采样保持电路和ADC(例如如同结合图8所示出和描述的采样保持电路808和模数转换器812)的逻辑电路208来确定。相应地,在一个方面,逻辑电路208可以被配置为采用内部或外部采样保持电路和模数转换器电路以对电池电压进行采样。
当对广播数据包的第i比特与第j比特之间的半数以上周期而言采样的电压VCAP小于额定电池电压VBATT_NOM时,逻辑500的过程沿着“是”分支继续到“下调”过程700,这将结合图7来描述。简要地,在“下调”700过程期间,减小广播周期的电流(i)或脉冲宽度(w),直到再次检测到预定的电池302恢复电压VBATT-REC或电池阻抗ZBATT
当对广播数据包的第i比特与第j比特之间的半数以下周期而言采样的电压VCAP小于额定电池电压VBATT_NOM时,逻辑500的过程沿着“否”分支继续到判决方框510以确定操作模式。
在一个方面,逻辑500可被配置为在X比特多周期操作模式或Y比特单周期操作模式下操作。当在X比特多周期模式下操作时,在512,逻辑电路208对从第(j+1)比特至第k比特的其中采样的电压小于额定电池电压例如VCAP<VBAT_NOM的周期数目计数。或者,在514,逻辑电路208对从第(k+1)比特至第l比特的其中VCAP<VBAT_NOM的周期数目计数。在对这样的周期数目计数之后,在判决方框516,逻辑500判断是否对半数以上周期而言采样的电压VCAP大于额定电池电压VBATT_NOM例如VCAP>VBAT_NOM。当对半数以上周期而言采样的电压VCAP不大于额定电池电压VBATT_NOM例如VCAP<VBAT_NOM时,逻辑沿着“否”的分支继续至502,在该步骤其等待新的广播数据包,并且过程重新开始。
相应地,过程500判断电池302应操作的预定阈值。例如,在一个示例中,只要电池302的电压约为1V且恢复至约为1V,则系统300有可能在设计参数之内操作。采用在下文中结合图6和图7描述的用于自动校准上调和下调过程的判决逻辑来改变电池302所传送的电流(i)和广播信号306的脉冲宽度(w),从而优化电池302所传送的总电荷。
图6示出用于自动校准上调过程的判决逻辑600的一个方面。在一个方面中,判决逻辑600可以通过例如电路208来实现。当自动校准判决逻辑500的过程转到自动校准过程的上调判决逻辑600部分时,在判决方框602,判决逻辑600判断电池302的电流(i)是否处于最大电流极限(imax)。当电池302的电流(i)处于最大电流极限(imax)时,逻辑600的过程沿着“是”的分支继续至判决方框604,在该判决方框604其判断广播信号306的比特的脉冲宽度(w)是否处于最大脉冲宽度(wmax)。当脉冲宽度(w)小于最大脉冲宽度(wmax)(w<wmax)时,在610,逻辑600的过程将脉冲宽度(w)增大预定的增量值。在一个方面,f1频率增量值约为2μs,以及可以从例如约7.5μs至约25μs的范围内选择。当脉冲宽度(w)处于最大脉冲宽度(wmax)(w=wmax)时,在612,逻辑600的过程不进行任何动作。
当电池302的电流(i)未处于最大电流极限(imax)时,逻辑600的过程沿着“否”的分支继续至判决方框606,在该判决方框606其判断电池电流(i)是否处于最小电流(imin)极限,所述最小电流(imin)极限由储存在非易失性存储器中的值来预定,例如约1mA。当电池302的电流(i)未处于最小电流极限(imin)时,逻辑600的过程沿着“否”的分支继续至608以将脉冲宽度设定为默认来增大电流极限。当电池302的电流(i)处于最小电流极限(imin)时,逻辑600的过程沿着“是”的分支继续至判决方框614,以判断脉冲宽度(w)是否设定为默认脉冲宽度值。当脉冲宽度(w)未设定为默认脉冲宽度值时,逻辑600的过程沿着“否”的分支继续至616,以将脉冲宽度增大预定的脉冲宽度增量值。在一个方面,预定的脉冲宽度增量值约为2μs。当脉冲宽度(w)被设定为默认脉冲宽度值时,逻辑600的过程沿着“是”的分支继续至618,以将电流(i)极限增大预定的电流增量值。在一个方面,预定的电流增量值约为200μA,并且可以从例如约200μA至约4mA的范围内选择。
图7示出用于自动校准下调过程的判决逻辑700的一个方面。在一个方面中,判决逻辑700可以通过例如电路208来实现。当自动校准判决逻辑500的过程转到自动校准过程的下调判决逻辑700部分时,在判决方框702,判决逻辑700判断电池302的电流(i)是否处于最小电流极限(imin)。当电池302的电流(i)处于最小电流极限(imin)时,逻辑700的过程沿着“是”的分支继续至判决方框704,在该判决方框704其判断广播信号306的比特的脉冲宽度(w)是否处于最小脉冲宽度(wmin)。当脉冲宽度(w)大于最小脉冲宽度(wmax)(w>wmax)时,在710,逻辑700的过程将脉冲宽度(w)减小(降低)预定的减量值。在一个方面,f1频率减量值约为2μs,以及可以从例如约7.5μs至约25μs的范围内选择。当脉冲宽度(w)处于最小脉冲宽度(wmin)(w=wmin)时,在712,逻辑700的过程不进行任何动作。
当电池302的电流(i)未处于最小电流极限(imin)时,逻辑700的过程沿着“否”的分支继续至判决方框706以判断电池电流(i)是否处于约4mA的最大电流(Imax)极限。当电池302的电流(i)未处于最大电流极限(imax)时,逻辑700的过程沿着“否”的分支继续至708以将脉冲宽度设定为默认来减小电流极限。当电池302的电流(i)处于最大电流极限(imax)时,逻辑700的过程沿着“是”的分支继续至判决方框714,以判断脉冲宽度(w)是否设定为默认脉冲宽度值。当脉冲宽度(w)未设定为默认脉冲宽度值时,逻辑700的过程沿着“否”的分支继续至716,以将脉冲宽度降低或减小预定的脉冲宽度减量值。在一个方面,预定的脉冲宽减量值约为2μs,以及可以从例如约7.5μs至约25μs的范围内选择。当脉冲宽度(w)被设定为默认脉冲宽度值时,逻辑700的过程沿着“是”的分支继续至718,以将电流(i)极限降低或减小预定的电流减量值。在一个方面,预定的电流减量值约为200μA,并且可以从例如约200μA至约4mA的范围内选择。
实施例2
现在参考图8,在另一方面,本公开大体针对用于判断在可摄取式通信设备进入操作的高电流消耗模式之前电池功率的可用性的装置、系统和方法。对于可摄取式设备诸如IEM的操作,电池802的阻抗ZBATT是由在时间上的材料溶解量来确定的,并且可能以十倍或更多倍来变化,可能期望获知在执行广播通信操作之前电池802能够维持预定的电流消耗。这类操作的一个实例是非易失性存储器的读取或编程,其中所述存储器的读取或写入失败会导致IEM不操作或不正确的操作。
在一个方面,可以采用电池可用性判断电路800来判断在可摄取式通信设备进入操作的高电流消耗模式之前电池功率的可用性。在一个方面,电池可用性判断电路800包括用于确定电池802的阻抗ZBATT的上电重置控制逻辑电路822和低功率ADC 812。上电重置控制逻辑电路822被配置为控制第一模拟开关818和第二模拟开关820的操作以分别将第一负载电阻R1、第二负载电阻R2或第三负载电阻R3与电池802并联连接。在每个电阻器R1、R2、R3上产生的电压806耦接至采样保持(S/H)电路808的输入804中。S/H电路808的输出810耦接至ADC 812且由ADC 812进行测量。ADC 812的测量的电池电压(Vbmeas)输出814耦接至通信系统300(图3)的逻辑电路208,用于基于三个电压测量中的两个来计算电池802的阻抗ZBATT。参考电压816(VREF)可以内部或外部地提供给ADC 812。
电池可用性判断电路800的操作如下。上电重置控制逻辑电路822接收上电重置信号832,并且检测电池802已达到预定电压和电流容量的点。在时间上的该点,ADC 812被使能且执行如下测量。具有典型值的第一已知电阻器R1被第一模拟开关818经由控制826从电池802连接至地,并且在第一电阻器R1上的电池电压通过S/H电路808由ADC 812来测量。测量的电池电压Vbmeas1然后提供至逻辑电路208(图3)。第一已知预定电阻器R1的典型值约为1.5kΩ,以及可以从例如约1.275kΩ至约1.725kΩ的范围内选择,或者可以是1.5kΩ±15%。
具有高值的第二已知电阻器R2被第二模拟开关820经由控制824从电池802连接至地,并且在第二电阻器R2上产生的电池电压通过S/H电路808由ADC 812来测量。测量的电池电压Vbmeas2然后提供至逻辑电路208(图3)。第二已知预定电阻器R2的典型值约为15kΩ,以及可以从例如约12.75kΩ至约17.25kΩ的范围内选择,或者可以是15kΩ±15%。
具有低值的第三已知电阻器R3从电池802通过第三模拟开关828借助于控制830连接至地,并且在第三电阻器R3上产生的电池电压通过S/H电路808由ADC 812来测量。测量的电池电压Vbmeas3然后提供至逻辑电路208(图3)。第三已知预定电阻器R3的典型值约为1Ω,以及可以从例如约0.85kΩ至约1.15Ω的范围内选择,或者可以是1Ω±15%。
高值电阻器R2和低值电阻器R3的值可以选择为使得在电阻器R2或R3中任何一个上的所得电压将处于用于所考虑的电池802阻抗VBATT的ADC 812测量范围内。通过使用三个测量的电池电压Vbmeas1(1.5kΩ)、Vbmeas2(15kΩ)和Vbmeas3(1Ω)值中的两个,根据下列公式来计算电池阻抗,例如利用Vbmeas1和Vbmeas2
Z BATT = Vb meas 1 - Vb meas 2 Vb meas 2 R 1 - Vb meas 1 R 2
对于Vbmeas2和Vbmeas3,公式为:
Z BATT = Vb meas 3 - Vb meas 2 Vb meas 2 R 3 - Vb meas 3 R 2
对于Vbmeas1和Vbmeas3,公式为:
Z BATT = Vb meas 3 - Vb meas 1 Vb meas 1 R 3 - Vb meas 3 R 1
当电池802的阻抗ZBATT在可接受参数之内时,电池802的高电流操作被使能,然而,当电池阻抗ZBATT超出该范围时,通信电路300(图3)(例如IEM)将返回到休眠模式,并且在预定的时间量之后唤醒,或者在上电重置信号832的另一出现处唤醒。
实施例3
现在参见图9,在另一个方面,本公开大体针对使用衬底作为负端子的集成电路的装置、系统和方法。对于使用P型原材料的互补金属氧化物半导体(CMOS)设备,使其衬底涉及系统的最负电位并不少见。对于可摄取式设备(诸如IEM),这样的衬底连接形成电源的负端子,而半导体晶片的顶部连接至电源的正端子。在这样的配置之下,可能难以在晶片的顶侧提供负端子连接,这是由于存在正端子在电源激活期间短路的可能性、或者导致两个端子之间的泄漏电流增大的可能性。这种仅在晶片的顶侧提供负端子并且依赖于衬底连接的困难,可能导致在晶片分类测试中的测量不准确性,这是由于存在从衬底到连接至负端子的片上电路的阻抗。相应地,在一个方面,提供这样的负端子连接,其能够位于晶片的顶侧,仅在测试模式期间被激活并且在操作的所有其他模式期间处于高阻抗状态。
相应地,在一个实施例中,图9示出电路图900,其提供能够位于晶片的顶侧、仅在测试模式期间被激活并且在操作的所有其他模式期间处于高阻抗状态的负端子连接。如图9所示,测试逻辑902电路具有测试检测输入通道和输出通道906,所述输出通道906耦接至N沟道场效应晶体管器件910的栅极端子。N沟道器件910的漏极端子经由探针耦接至P沟道半导体晶片的VSS焊盘。N沟道器件910的源极端子耦接至半导体集成电路(IC)的负衬底912,并且将内部连接提供至衬底。IC首先以衬底912为负端子而被供电。可以通过将正确的电压和频率信号施加至测试逻辑902的测试使能引脚904而进入测试模式。一旦处于测试模式中,则激活信号将具有比衬底912的电阻更低的导通电阻的N沟道器件910使能,以经由N沟道器件910而不是衬底912的连接来将电流重新导向。
实施例4
本公开还大体针对用于在可摄取式设备(诸如IEM)中将电源与广播功率源分离的装置、系统和方法。在典型的架构中,数字电路、模拟电路和I/O电路之间共享IEM的电源。这种电源共享导致需要额外的电路来进行下列操作:(1)在广播之前将共享的电源与模拟和数字电路断开从而不影响其操作;(2)将足够的电荷储存在存储设备上使得在电源与这些电路断开时模拟电路和数字电路保持可操作;(3)仅连接至广播电路,以及在广播周期已完成之后且仅当电源已恢复至等于或大于存储设备上的电位时将电源连接至模拟和数字电路。相应地,在一个方面,本公开提供如下方法,通过所述方法IEM电源能够物理性地分离成允许移除电荷存储设备的具有预定值的多个电源。在另一方面,本公开提供用以将数字和模拟电路从任何耦接效应去敏感化的架构,所述耦接效应是一个电源与另一电源的紧密靠近所可能导致的。
相应地,在一个方面,本公开描述一种方法,通过所述方法IEM电源能够物理性地分离成允许移除电荷存储设备的具有预定值的多个电源。此外,本公开提供用以将数字和模拟电路从任何耦接效应去敏感化的架构,所述耦接效应是一个电源与另一电源的紧密靠近所可能导致的。
在一个方面,提供一种方法,通过所述方法将单个IEM电源分成多个更小的电源。通过控制正电极的面积,能够控制可供应至与电极相连的电路的可用电荷。而且,使用低退出电压调节器——其输入连接至电源之一,且其输出连接至要由该电源来控制的模拟或数字电路并在电位上低于该电源,能够最小化一个电源与另一电源耦接的断续效应。
还可以将两个或更多个电源电连接和/或断开以适应模拟和数字电路的不同功率要求。例如,如果在广播周期期间一个电源具有用于为广播电路供电的主要功能,并且第二电源具有用于为所有的模拟和数字电路供电的主要功能,则可以在非广播周期期间经由开关将上述二个电源连接在一起,从而允许模拟和数字电路有额外的能力来执行可能超出了第二电源在使用其自身时的能力的功能。
本公开中描述的功能模块一些方面可以例如使用机器可读介质或制品来实现,所述机器可读介质或制品可以储存指令或指令集合,其如果被机器执行,则可以使机器根据本发明方面来执行方法和/或操作。这样的机器可以包括例如任何合适的处理平台、计算平台、计算设备、处理设备、计算系统、处理系统、计算机、处理器等,并且可以使用硬件和/或软件的任何合适的组合来实现。机器可读介质或制品可以包括:例如任何合适类型的存储器、存储器设备、存储器制品、存储器介质、储存设备、储存制品、储存介质和/或储存单元,例如存储器、可移除或不可移除的介质、可擦除或不可擦除的介质、可写入或可重写的介质、数字或模拟介质、硬盘、软盘、光盘只读存储器(CD-ROM)、可刻录光盘(CD-R)、可重写光盘(CD-RW)、光盘、磁介质、磁光介质、可移除存储卡或盘、通用串行总线(USB)快闪驱动器、各种类型的数字通用光盘(DVD)、磁带、盒式磁带等。指令可以包括任何合适类型的代码,如源代码、编译代码、翻译代码、可执行代码、静态代码、动态代码等。指令可以使用任何合适的高级、低级、面向对象、可视、编译和/或翻译编程语言来实现,诸如C、C++、Java、BASIC、Perl、Matlab、Pascal、Visual BASIC、安排语言、机器代码等。
虽然在之前的描述中列举了各个细节,但是将理解的是,可以在不具有这些具体细节的情况下实践用于适应性优化通信设备的电源中的功率耗散和广播功率的装置、系统和方法。例如,为了简明和清楚,以方框图的形式而非细节的形式示出了所选择的方面。本文中提供的详细描述的某些部分可以根据对储存在计算机存储器中的数据进行操作的指令而存在。本领域技术人员使用这样的描述和表示方法来向其他的技术人员描述和传达本发明的实质。通常,算法是指通往所期望结果的自洽步骤顺序,其中步骤是指对物理量的操作,所述物理量可以表现为能够被储存、传送、组合、比较及进行其他操作的电信号或磁信号,但也不一定表现为这些形式。将这些信号称为比特、值、元件、符号、字符、项、数等是常见的用法。这些术语及相似术语可以与合适的物理量相关联,并且仅作为应用于这些量的方便名称。
除非不同于前述所清楚得知的而另外明确指明,否则将清楚的是,在前述中,使用了诸如“处理”或“计算”或“确定”或“显示”等术语的讨论涉及计算机系统或相似电子计算设备的动作和处理,其操作并转换计算机系统的寄存器或存储器内的以物理(电子)量表示的数据成为计算机系统存储器或寄存器或其他这种信息储存器、传输或显示设备内的类似地以物理量表示的其他数据。
值得注意的是,对“一个方面”、“方面”、“一个实施例”或“实施例”的任何引用意指结合所述方面描述的特定特征、结构或特性被包括在至少一个方面中。因此,出现在本说明书中不同位置处的短语“在一个方面”、“在方面中”、“在一个实施例中”或“在实施例中”不一定都指同一方面。此外,特定特征、结构或特性可以在一个或多个方面中以任何合适的方式进行组合。
一些方面可能使用了表达“耦接”和“连接”及其派生词来描述。应理解,这些术语并不旨在作为彼此的同义词。例如,一些方面可能使用术语“连接”来描述,以表明两个或更多个元件彼此直接物理接触或电接触。在另一实例中,一些方面可能使用术语“耦接”来描述,以表明两个或更多个元件间接物理接触或电接触。然而,术语“耦接”也可以意味着所述两个或更多个元件彼此不是间接接触,而是仍然彼此协作或相互作用。
本发明的各方面还在下列条款中进行限定。
条款1.一种在广播数据包的通信期间优化传送给接收器的功率的同时稳定电池设备的电池电压的方法,所述方法包括:
通过逻辑电路来接收广播数据包,所述广播数据包具有预定数目的比特,用于由控制器向远离于控制器而设置的接收器的通信;
通过逻辑电路来判断在广播数据包的预定数目的比特的第一子集上的其中采样的电池电压大于、或者小于或等于额定电池电压的周期的数目;以及
基于对采样的电池电压不等于额定电池电压的周期计数的周期数目来执行上调过程或下调过程,其中对采样的电池电压不等于额定电池电压的周期计数的周期数目超过所计数的周期总数目的一半。
条款2.如条款1所述的方法,包括:
当所计数的周期总数目的一半以上的周期中采样的电池电压大于额定电池电压时,执行上调过程;以及
当所计数的周期总数目的一半以上的周期中采样的电池电压不大于额定电池电压时,执行下调过程。
条款3.如条款1或2所述的方法,包括:当所计数的周期总数目的一半以上的周期中采样的电池电压不小于额定电池电压时,通过逻辑电路来判断操作模式,其中,操作模式是X比特多周期操作模式或Y比特单周期操作模式。
条款4.如条款3所述的方法,包括:通过逻辑电路来判断在广播数据包的预定数目的比特的第二子集上的其中采样的电池电压大于额定电池电压的周期的数目。
条款5.如条款4所述的方法,包括:通过逻辑电路来判断,在广播数据包的预定数目的比特的第二子集上的周期中是否有半数以上周期是其中的采样的电池电压大于额定电池电压的;优选还包括:
当在广播数据包的预定数目的比特的第二子集上的周期的半数以上周期中采样的电池电压不大于额定电池电压时,逻辑电路等待后续的广播数据包;以及
当在广播数据包的预定数目的比特的第二子集上的周期的半数以上周期中采样的电池电压大于额定电池电压时,执行上调过程。
条款6.如前述条款中任何一项所述的方法,包括:通过逻辑电路来判断在广播数据包的预定数目的比特的第三子集上的其中采样的电池电压大于额定电池电压的周期的数目,优选地包括:通过逻辑电路来判断,在广播数据包的预定数目的比特的第三子集上的周期中是否有半数以上周期是其中的采样的电池电压大于额定电池电压,所述方法优选包括:
当在广播数据包的预定数目的比特的第三子集上的周期的半数以上周期中采样的电池电压不大于额定电池电压时,逻辑电路等待后续的广播数据包;以及
当在广播数据包的预定数目的比特的第三子集上的周期的半数以上周期中采样的电池电压大于额定电池电压时,执行上调过程。
条款7.如前述条款中任何一项所述的方法,其中,上调过程包括:
通过逻辑电路来判断由预定可编程值限定的电池电流是否处于最大电流极限;
当电池电流小于最大电流极限时,通过逻辑电路来判断电池电流是否处于最小电流极限;
当电池电流处于最小电流极限时,通过逻辑电路来判断广播数据包的比特是否具有默认脉冲宽度;以及
当脉冲宽度未处于默认脉冲宽度时,增大脉冲宽度;以及
当脉冲宽度处于默认脉冲宽度时,增大电流极限,优选包括:当电池电流未处于最小电流极限时,通过逻辑电路将脉冲宽度设定为默认脉冲宽度,和/或包括:
当电池电流处于最大电流极限时,通过逻辑电路来判断脉冲宽度是否处于最大脉冲宽度;以及
当脉冲宽度未处于最大脉冲宽度时,通过逻辑电路增大脉冲宽度。
条款8.如条款7所述的方法,包括:当电池电流未处于最小电流极限时,通过逻辑电路将脉冲宽度设定为默认脉冲宽度,和/或:
当电池电流处于最大电流极限时,通过逻辑电路来判断脉冲宽度是否处于最大脉冲宽度;以及
当脉冲宽度未处于最大脉冲宽度时,通过逻辑电路增大脉冲宽度。
条款9.如前述条款中任何一项所述的方法,其中,下调过程包括:
通过逻辑电路来判断电池电流是否处于最小电流极限;
当电池电流小于最小电流极限时,通过逻辑电路来判断电池电流是否处于最大电流极限;
当电池电流处于最大电流极限时,通过逻辑电路来判断广播数据包的比特是否具有默认脉冲宽度;以及
当脉冲宽度未处于默认脉冲宽度时,减小脉冲宽度;以及
当脉冲宽度处于默认脉冲宽度时,减小电流极限。
条款10.如条款9所述的方法,包括:当电池电流未处于最大电流极限时,通过逻辑电路将脉冲宽度设定为默认脉冲宽度,和/或当电池电流处于最小电流极限时,通过逻辑电路来判断脉冲宽度是否处于最小脉冲宽度;以及当脉冲宽度未处于最小脉冲宽度时,通过逻辑电路降低脉冲宽度。
条款11.一种逻辑电路,被配置为在广播数据包的通信期间优化传送给接收器的功率的同时稳定电池设备的电池电压,逻辑电路包括处理器,其被配置为:
接收广播数据包,所述广播数据包具有预定数目的比特,用于与远离于控制器而设置的接收器通信;
判断在广播数据包的预定数目的比特的第一子集上的其中采样的电池电压大于、或者小于或等于额定电池电压的周期的数目;以及
基于对采样的电池电压不等于额定电池电压的周期计数的周期数目来执行上调过程或下调过程,其中对采样的电池电压不等于额定电池电压的周期计数的周期数目超过所计数的周期总数目的一半。
条款12.如条款11所述的逻辑电路,包括:
采样保持电路;以及
模数转换器,每个模数转换器耦接至处理器和电池;
其中,模数转换器对电池电压采样以确定采样的电池电压,
其中,逻辑电路优选包括耦接至处理器的电池。
条款13.如条款11或12所述的逻辑电路,其中,逻辑电路被配置为执行如条款1-10中任何一项所限定的方法。
条款14.一种通信系统,其包括根据条款11-13中任何一项所述的逻辑电路,其中电池设备是事件指示器系统,
事件指示器系统包括位于相对端部的相异金属,其中,事件指示器被配置为在位于相对端部的相异金属溶解在导电流体中时产生电压电势。
条款15.如条款14所述的通信系统,包括:
采样保持电路;以及
模数转换器,每个模数转换器耦接至处理器和事件指示器;
其中,模数转换器对电池电压采样以确定采样的电池电压。
虽然如本文所述已对本发明方面的某些特征进行了示出,但本领域的技术人员现在将设想出许多修改、替换、改变以及等同物。因此,应理解,所附权利要求书意在涵盖落入本发明方面的真实精神内的所有这样的修改和改变。

Claims (20)

1.一种在广播数据包的通信期间优化传送给接收器的功率的同时稳定电池设备的电池电压的方法,所述方法包括:
通过逻辑电路来接收广播数据包,所述广播数据包具有预定数目的比特,用于由控制器向远离于控制器而设置的接收器的通信;
通过逻辑电路来判断在广播数据包的预定数目的比特的第一子集上的其中采样的电池电压大于、或者小于或等于额定电池电压的周期的数目;以及
基于对采样的电池电压不等于额定电池电压的周期计数的周期数目来执行上调过程或下调过程,其中对采样的电池电压不等于额定电池电压的周期计数的周期数目超过所计数的周期总数目的一半。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,包括:
当所计数的周期总数目的一半以上的周期中采样的电池电压大于额定电池电压时,执行上调过程;以及
当所计数的周期总数目的一半以上的周期中采样的电池电压不大于额定电池电压时,执行下调过程。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,包括:当所计数的周期总数目的一半以上的周期中采样的电池电压不小于额定电池电压时,通过逻辑电路来判断操作模式,其中,操作模式是X比特多周期操作模式或Y比特单周期操作模式。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法,包括:通过逻辑电路来判断在广播数据包的预定数目的比特的第二子集上的其中采样的电池电压大于额定电池电压的周期的数目。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法,包括:通过逻辑电路来判断,在广播数据包的预定数目的比特的第二子集上的周期中是否有半数以上周期是其中的采样的电池电压大于额定电池电压。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法,包括:
当在广播数据包的预定数目的比特的第二子集上的周期的半数以上周期中采样的电池电压不大于额定电池电压时,逻辑电路等待后续的广播数据包;以及
当在广播数据包的预定数目的比特的第二子集上的周期的半数以上周期中采样的电池电压大于额定电池电压时,执行上调过程。
7.如权利要求3所述的方法,包括:通过逻辑电路来判断在广播数据包的预定数目的比特的第三子集上的其中采样的电池电压大于额定电池电压的周期的数目。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法,包括:通过逻辑电路来判断,在广播数据包的预定数目的比特的第三子集上的周期中是否有半数以上周期是其中的采样的电池电压大于额定电池电压。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法,包括:
当在广播数据包的预定数目的比特的第三子集上的周期的半数以上周期中采样的电池电压不大于额定电池电压时,逻辑电路等待后续的广播数据包;以及
当在广播数据包的预定数目的比特的第三子集上的周期的半数以上周期中采样的电池电压大于额定电池电压超过所述周期的一半时,执行上调过程。
10.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,上调过程包括:
通过逻辑电路来判断由预定可编程值限定的电池电流是否处于最大电流极限;
当电池电流小于最大电流极限时,通过逻辑电路来判断电池电流是否处于最小电流极限;
当电池电流处于最小电流极限时,通过逻辑电路来判断广播数据包的比特是否具有默认脉冲宽度;以及
当脉冲宽度未处于默认脉冲宽度时,增大脉冲宽度;以及
当脉冲宽度处于默认脉冲宽度时,增大电流极限。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法,包括:当电池电流未处于最小电流极限时,通过逻辑电路将脉冲宽度设定为默认脉冲宽度。
12.如权利要求10所述的方法,包括:
当电池电流处于最大电流极限时,通过逻辑电路来判断脉冲宽度是否处于最大脉冲宽度;以及
当脉冲宽度未处于最大脉冲宽度时,通过逻辑电路增大脉冲宽度。
13.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,下调过程包括:
通过逻辑电路来判断电池电流是否处于最小电流极限;
当电池电流小于最小电流极限时,通过逻辑电路来判断电池电流是否处于最大电流极限;
当电池电流处于最大电流极限时,通过逻辑电路来判断广播数据包的比特是否具有默认脉冲宽度;以及
当脉冲宽度未处于默认脉冲宽度时,减小脉冲宽度;以及
当脉冲宽度处于默认脉冲宽度时,减小电流极限。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法,包括:当电池电流未处于最大电流极限时,通过逻辑电路将脉冲宽度设定为默认脉冲宽度。
15.如权利要求13所述的方法,包括:
当电池电流处于最小电流极限时,通过逻辑电路来判断脉冲宽度是否处于最小脉冲宽度;以及
当脉冲宽度未处于最小脉冲宽度时,通过逻辑电路降低脉冲宽度。
16.一种逻辑电路,被配置为在广播数据包的通信期间优化传送给接收器的功率的同时稳定电池设备的电池电压,所述逻辑电路包括:
处理器,被配置为:
接收广播数据包,所述广播数据包具有预定数目的比特,用于由控制器向远离于控制器而设置的接收器的通信;
判断在广播数据包的预定数目的比特的第一子集上的其中采样的电池电压大于、或者小于或等于额定电池电压的周期的数目;以及
基于对采样的电池电压不等于额定电池电压的周期计数的周期数目来执行上调过程或下调过程,其中对采样的电池电压不等于额定电池电压的周期计数的周期数目超过所计数的周期总数目的一半。
17.如权利要求16所述的逻辑电路,包括:
采样保持电路;以及
模数转换器,每个模数转换器耦接至处理器和电池;
其中,模数转换器对电池电压采样以确定采样的电池电压。
18.如权利要求17所述的逻辑电路,包括:耦接至处理器的电池。
19.一种通信系统,包括:
处理器,被配置为:在广播数据包由事件指示器向接收器通信期间,优化传送给接收器的功率的同时稳定由事件指示器产生的电压电势,所述广播数据包具有预定数目的比特;以及
事件指示器系统,其具有位于相对端部的相异金属,其中,事件指示器被配置为在所述位于相对端部的相异金属溶解在导电流体中时产生电压电势;
其中,处理器还被配置为:
判断在广播数据包的预定数目的比特的第一子集上的其中采样的电压电势大于、或者小于或等于额定电压电势的周期的数目;
基于对采样的电压电势不等于额定电池电压的周期计数的周期数目来执行上调过程或下调过程,其中对采样的电池电压不等于额定电池电压的周期计数的周期数目超过所计数的周期总数目的一半。
20.如权利要求19所述的通信系统,包括:
采样保持电路;以及
模数转换器,每个模数转换器耦接至处理器和事件指示器;
其中,模数转换器对电压电势采样以确定采样的电池电势。
CN201380054500.7A 2012-10-18 2013-10-15 用于适应性优化通信设备的电源中的功率耗散和广播功率的装置、系统和方法 Pending CN104737532A (zh)

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