CN104785338A - Shredding machine - Google Patents

Shredding machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104785338A
CN104785338A CN201510203990.3A CN201510203990A CN104785338A CN 104785338 A CN104785338 A CN 104785338A CN 201510203990 A CN201510203990 A CN 201510203990A CN 104785338 A CN104785338 A CN 104785338A
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China
Prior art keywords
feeding roller
cutting blade
shredding machine
upper feeding
spring
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Granted
Application number
CN201510203990.3A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN104785338B (en
Inventor
乔印虎
张春燕
柳伟续
缑瑞宾
司志远
陈杰平
易克传
张春雨
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Anhui University of Science and Technology
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Anhui University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN201510203990.3A priority Critical patent/CN104785338B/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16Details
    • B02C18/18Knives; Mountings thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16Details
    • B02C18/22Feed or discharge means
    • B02C18/2225Feed means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16Details
    • B02C18/24Drives
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C2201/00Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
    • B02C2201/06Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for garbage, waste or sewage

Abstract

The invention provides a shredding machine. A feeding mechanism comprises a conveying chain plate, a mounting seat, an upper feeding roller, an upper feeding roller floating device, a lower feeding roller and a material pressing roller, wherein the mounting seat comprises a first mounting column and a second mounting column which are symmetrically arranged relative to the conveying chain plate; longitudinal sliding grooves are respectively formed in the inner sides of the first mounting column and the second mounting column; the upper feeding roller floating device comprises a first bearing pedestal, a second bearing pedestal, a spring, a spring seat and a hand wheel; the first bearing pedestal and the second bearing pedestal are respectively in sliding fit with the longitudinal sliding grooves in the inner sides of the first mounting column and the second mounting column; the first bearing pedestal and the second bearing pedestal are respectively mounted at the two ends of the upper feeding roller; one end of the spring is connected with the first bearing and the other end of the spring is connected with the spring seat; the hand wheel is mounted on the spring seat, the lower feeding roller is mounted on the lower side of the upper feeding roller, and the material pressing roller is mounted on the mounting seat. Through the shredding machine provided by the invention, extrusion and collision of materials such as straw, and vines are reduced, so that the slurry bodies of tuberous materials are reduced, and few potential safety hazards appear during processing.

Description

A kind of shredding machine
Technical field
The present invention relates to farm equipment technical field, particularly relate to a kind of shredding machine.
Background technology
China is large agricultural country, is also one of country of enriching the most of the resource such as stalk, climing rattan.In history, there is the fine tradition utilizing stalk, climing rattan etc. in China, and agriculture domestic stalk, climing rattan etc. build a house and cover a day rain cover, to make a fire heating of cooking with stalk, climing rattan etc., with the stock keeping such as stalk, climing rattan collected manure also field, Appropriate application stalk, climing rattan etc. are one of elite of Chinese traditional agriculture.But no matter what purposes stalk, climing rattan etc. are, for the process of stalk, climing rattan etc., a most important ring is chopping.The most important equipment of the chopping such as stalk, climing rattan is shredding machine.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to solve one of technical problem in correlation technique at least to a certain extent.
For this reason, one object of the present invention is to propose a kind of shredding machine, and scientific structure design is reasonable, reduces the extruding to the material such as stalk, climing rattan and collision, reduces the jelly of tuber materials, and it is little, simple to operate to add man-hour potential safety hazard.
According to the shredding machine of the embodiment of the present invention, comprise intake mechanism, chopper, throw mechanism and connecting gear;
Described intake mechanism comprises transporting chain plate, mount pad, upper feeding roller, upper feeding roller floating installation, lower feeding roller and nip rolls, described mount pad is arranged at one end of transporting chain plate, described mount pad comprises first erection column symmetrically arranged relative to transporting chain plate and the second erection column, longitudinal sliding slot is respectively arranged with inside described first erection column and the second erection column, described upper feeding roller floating installation comprises clutch shaft bearing seat, second bearing block, spring, spring base and hand-operated wheel, described clutch shaft bearing seat and the second bearing block respectively with the first erection column and the second erection column inside longitudinal sliding slot be slidably matched, described upper feeding roller two ends are installed on clutch shaft bearing seat and the second bearing block respectively, described spring one end is connected with clutch shaft bearing seat, the other end is connected with spring base, described hand-operated wheel is installed on spring base, described lower feeding roller is installed on the downside of feeding roller, described nip rolls is installed on mount pad,
Described chopper comprises axle, connect the belt pulley of motor and axle and be installed on successively axle clutch shaft bearing, movable knife rack, sleeve, the second bearing, bevel gear, be installed on the ledger-plate of transporting chain plate one end and be installed on the cutting blade of movable knife rack, described bevel gear is connected with intake mechanism.
In addition, shredding machine according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional technical characteristic:
According to one embodiment of present invention, the slip cutting angle of described straight sword cutting blade following formula should be met:
Wherein, r is the cut radius of straight sword cutting blade, and e is the eccentric throw between straight sword cutting blade sword line to the cutting blade centre of gyration.
According to one embodiment of present invention, pushing angle x and should meet following formula between described straight sword cutting blade and ledger-plate:
Wherein, .
According to one embodiment of present invention, the charging rate of described feeding structure is:
Wherein, for the rotating speed of axle, the quantity of described cutting blade is 3, and the cutting times of described cutting blade is , the rotating speed of described nip rolls is .
According to one embodiment of present invention, the Cutting Length of described cutting blade is:
According to one embodiment of present invention, described upper feeding roller and lower feeding roller are provided with V-belt, the rated power of known electric motor is 0.55KW, rotating speed=1500r/min, and choosing gearratio is i=2.5, and described V-strapped radical z computational methods are as follows:
The first step, determine rated output , working condition coefficient , therefore
Second step, choose V-belt banding pattern, according to , determine to select Z-type;
3rd step, determine V-strapped datum diameter and check V-belt rotating speed r, get driving wheel datum diameter =71mm; Then driven pulley datum diameter:
Get =180mm; The speed of band is checked by " Machine Design " formula 8-13;
Described V-strapped speed is suitable;
4th step, determine V-strapped datum length with drive centre distancc a
According to
Namely
Tentatively determine centre-to-centre spacing =400mm
Datum length needed for calculating
Choose the datum length of band =1250mm
Calculate operating center distance
Cornerite on 5th step, checking computations driving wheel
Cornerite on described driving wheel suitable;
6th step, calculate V-strapped radical Z
By =1500r/min, =71mm, i=2.5 obtain the basic rated power that single V is with =0.27kw, when counting the affecting of gearratio, single V is with the increment of rated power =0.03kw, cornerite coefficient =0.96, obtain length factor =1.11
Then
Additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will part provide in the following description, and part will become obvious from the following description, or be recognized by practice of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the shredding machine according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the intake mechanism of shredding machine according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of the power sheet of shredding machine according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the transmission system schematic diagram of the shredding machine according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the chopper of shredding machine according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Shown in figure: 1, motor; 2, belt pulley; 3, clutch shaft bearing; 4, movable knife rack; 5, sleeve; 6, the second bearing; 7, bevel gear; 8, ledger-plate; 9, cutting blade; 10, transporting chain plate; 11, mount pad; 12, upper feeding roller; 13, lower feeding roller; 14, nip rolls; 15, the first erection column; 16, the second erection column; 17, spring; 18, hand-operated wheel; 19, material bed, 20, axle.
Detailed description of the invention
Be described below in detail embodiments of the invention, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has element that is identical or similar functions from start to finish.Be exemplary below by the embodiment be described with reference to the drawings, be intended to for explaining the present invention, and can not limitation of the present invention be interpreted as.
Below with reference to the accompanying drawings the shredding machine according to the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, according to the shredding machine of the embodiment of the present invention, comprise intake mechanism, chopper, throw mechanism and connecting gear;
Wherein, intake mechanism comprises transporting chain plate 10, mount pad 11, upper feeding roller 12, upper feeding roller 12 floating installation, lower feeding roller 13 and nip rolls 14.
As shown in Figure 2, mount pad 11 is arranged at one end of transporting chain plate 10, and mount pad 11 comprises inside the first erection column 15 symmetrically arranged relative to transporting chain plate 10 and the second erection column 16, first erection column 15 and the second erection column 16 and is respectively arranged with longitudinal sliding slot.Upper feeding roller 12 floating installation comprises clutch shaft bearing 3,6, the second bearing, spring 17,17, spring and hand-operated wheel 18, clutch shaft bearing 3 and 6, the second bearing respectively with the first erection column 15 and the second erection column 16 inside longitudinal sliding slot be slidably matched, upper feeding roller 12 two ends are installed on clutch shaft bearing 3 and 6, the second bearing respectively, spring 17 one end is connected with clutch shaft bearing 3, the other end is connected with 17, spring, hand-operated wheel 18 is installed on 17, spring, lower feeding roller 13 is installed on the downside of feeding roller 12, and nip rolls 14 is installed on mount pad 11; When thickness when material bed 19 increases, upper feeding roller 12 can move up and down, and plays the effect compressing material.The wherein maximum amount of fluctuating is 80 millimeters.
As shown in Figure 5, chopper comprises axle, connect the belt pulley 2 of motor and axle and be installed on successively axle clutch shaft bearing 3, movable knife rack 4, sleeve 5, second bearing 6, bevel gear 7, be installed on the ledger-plate 8 of transporting chain plate 10 one end and be installed on the cutting blade 9 of movable knife rack 4, bevel gear 7 is connected with intake mechanism.Specifically, as shown in Figure 4, bevel gear 7 is connected with the gear of lower feeding roller 13 one end of intake mechanism, motor belt motor moving axis rotates, axle drives movable knife rack 4 to rotate, and then drives cutting blade 9 to do cutting movement, and the bevel gear 7 being installed on axle drives lower feeding roller 13 to rotate, lower feeding roller 13 drives material bed 19 to enter intake mechanism, then drives upper feeding roller 12 to rotate.
As shown in Figure 3, in the present embodiment, cutting blade 9 adopts straight sword cutting blade 9, the slip cutting angle of straight sword cutting blade 9 following formula should be met:
Wherein, r is the cut radius of straight sword cutting blade 9, and e is the eccentric throw between straight sword cutting blade 9 sword line to cutting blade 9 centre of gyration.The slip cutting angle of straight sword cutting blade 9 be numerically equal to the straight line at blade line AB(blade place) with the angle of cut radius r.In order to ensure that blade has sliding cutting, its sword line AB should have eccentric distance e to centre of gyration O.
Pushing angle x and should meet following formula between straight sword cutting blade 9 and ledger-plate 8:
Wherein, .
For straight sword cutting blade 9, the geometric parameter in cutting process and the pass of its structural parameters are:
In formula: the eccentric throw of e-straight sword cutting blade 9; R-cut point place radius of gyration; H-cutting center line height.
Wherein, the force analysis of straight sword cutting blade 9 is as follows:
By the speed that the resolution of velocity at certain some A place of cutting blade 9 is perpendicular to cutting edge with the speed along edge direction , V with between angle become slip cutting angle S, tanS is called sliding cutting coefficient.
Suppose that the power suffered by A point is F, the sliding cutting power along blade direction is P, and the normal pressure in vertical blade direction is Nz, then:
In formula: q---resistivity, the Cutting Drag that namely unit cutting edge is long
---participate in the land length of cutting
The slip friction factor of f---cutting
The concrete q value of all feeds should be determined (maize straw is taken in this research) by test; During cutting maize straw, S, q relation is in table 3.1; F and sliding cutting coefficient relation in table 3.2;
When table 3.1 cuts corn stem with the relation of q
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
117.11 112.7 91.63 75.46 68.11 55.86 40.18
Table 3.2tan with the relation of f
tan 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0
f 0 0.042 0.082 0.112 0.140 0.184 0.210 0.242 0.253 0.330 0.340
Malleation moment (N z power is to the moment of O point) is
Sliding cutting moment (P power is to the moment of O point) is
The step solving straight cutting edge cutting blade 9 force and moment suffered when cutting maize straw is as follows:
(1) according to the design parameter of known chopper: maximumly push angle be 68 °, the chopper centre of gyration is 90 mm apart from the height of stationary knife, and the centre of gyration is 100mm to the beeline of feeding mouth, and feeding mouth width is 200 mm, is highly 110 mm;
(2) cross the straight line OG of centre of gyration O work perpendicular to M N line, intersection point is G; Take O as the center of circle, OG is that radius paints circle, and measuring corner R is 63 °;
(3) corner R is divided into some parts, circle O draws respective point, and cross the tangent line that these points make circle O respectively, this tangent line is the cutting edge line of blade when different corner, and it is long that the length of each cutting edge line in feeding mouth is cutting cutting edge .By diverse location mid point be connected with centre of gyration O, draw slip cutting angle , push angle .
(4) can obtain thus .In table 3.3 after data preparation.
Table 3.3 knife section 9 tables of data
In the present embodiment, axle rotating speed is advisable at 900r/min.It is below concrete process of calculation analysis.
The diameter selecting rolling wheel set is 40mm, is decided to be 10mm to the material length of cutting.Gear ratio calculation mode then between main shaft I to power transmission shaft III, IV is:
Axle rotating speed is set to , be 3 cutting blades 9 of being often separated by due to what cutterhead was installed, so cutting times is .Feed rolls pinch roller is set to .
V is the theoretical feed speed of material.Then the Cutting Length of each cutter is
Know that Cutting Length is advisable with 10mm by designing requirement, then
Namely
Main shaft I is 4.19 with the gearratio of axle III, IV
Existing known
Then
Then charging per second is in theory
Wherein, it should be noted that and consider that the green fodder cutter applicable object of design is small-sized plant, specialist and self-employed farmer, therefore motor 1 voltage should select 220V. to consider, and suffered load is little again, required drive is not very large, selects low power motor 1.Synthesise various factor, selects YL Series Motors 1.
According to one embodiment of present invention, upper feeding roller 12 and lower feeding roller 13 are provided with V-belt, the rated power of known electric motor 1 is 0.55KW, rotating speed =1500r/min, choosing gearratio is i=2.5, and V-strapped radical z computational methods are as follows:
The first step, determine rated output , working condition coefficient =1.3, therefore
Second step, choose V-belt banding pattern, according to , determine to select Z-type;
3rd step, determine V-strapped datum diameter and check V-belt rotating speed r, get driving wheel datum diameter =71mm; Then driven pulley datum diameter:
Get =180mm; The speed of band is checked by " Machine Design " formula 8-13;
; Described V-strapped speed is suitable;
4th step, determine V-strapped datum length with drive centre distancc a
According to
Namely
Tentatively determine centre-to-centre spacing =400mm
Datum length needed for calculating
Choose the datum length of band =1250mm
Calculate operating center distance
Cornerite on 5th step, checking computations driving wheel
Cornerite on described driving wheel suitable;
6th step, calculate V-strapped radical Z
By obtain the basic rated power of single V band =0.27kw, when counting the affecting of gearratio, single V is with the increment of rated power =0.03kw, cornerite coefficient =0.96, obtain length factor =1.11
Then
Get z=3.
The V-strapped structural parameters of the present embodiment are as table 4-1
The V-strapped structural parameters of table 4-1
In describing the invention, it will be appreciated that, term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ", " thickness ", " on ", D score, " front ", " afterwards ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end " " interior ", " outward ", " clockwise ", " counterclockwise ", " axis ", " radial direction ", orientation or the position relationship of the instruction such as " circumference " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only the present invention for convenience of description and simplified characterization, instead of indicate or imply that the device of indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore limitation of the present invention can not be interpreted as.
In addition, term " first ", " second " only for describing object, and can not be interpreted as instruction or hint relative importance or imply the quantity indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, be limited with " first ", the feature of " second " can express or impliedly comprise one or more these features.In describing the invention, the implication of " multiple " is two or more, unless otherwise expressly limited specifically.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the term such as term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection ", " fixing " should be interpreted broadly, and such as, can be fixedly connected with, also can be removably connect, or integral; Can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection; Can be directly be connected, also indirectly can be connected by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals or the interaction relationship of two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention can be understood as the case may be.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature second feature " on " or D score can be that the first and second features directly contact, or the first and second features are by intermediary mediate contact.And, fisrt feature second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature directly over second feature or oblique upper, or only represent that fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " below " and " below " can be fisrt feature immediately below second feature or tiltedly below, or only represent that fisrt feature level height is less than second feature.
In the description of this description, specific features, structure, material or feature that the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to describe in conjunction with this embodiment or example are contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term not must for be identical embodiment or example.And the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can combine in one or more embodiment in office or example in an appropriate manner.In addition, when not conflicting, the feature of the different embodiment described in this description or example and different embodiment or example can carry out combining and combining by those skilled in the art.
Although illustrate and describe embodiments of the invention above, be understandable that, above-described embodiment is exemplary, can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art can change above-described embodiment within the scope of the invention, revises, replace and modification.

Claims (6)

1. a shredding machine, is characterized in that, comprises intake mechanism, chopper, throws mechanism and connecting gear;
Described intake mechanism comprises transporting chain plate, mount pad, upper feeding roller, upper feeding roller floating installation, lower feeding roller and nip rolls, described mount pad is arranged at one end of transporting chain plate, described mount pad comprises first erection column symmetrically arranged relative to transporting chain plate and the second erection column, longitudinal sliding slot is respectively arranged with inside described first erection column and the second erection column, described upper feeding roller floating installation comprises clutch shaft bearing seat, second bearing block, spring, spring base and hand-operated wheel, described clutch shaft bearing seat and the second bearing block respectively with the first erection column and the second erection column inside longitudinal sliding slot be slidably matched, described upper feeding roller two ends are installed on clutch shaft bearing seat and the second bearing block respectively, described spring one end is connected with clutch shaft bearing seat, the other end is connected with spring base, described hand-operated wheel is installed on spring base, described lower feeding roller is installed on the downside of feeding roller, described nip rolls is installed on mount pad,
Described chopper comprises axle, connect the belt pulley of motor and axle and be installed on successively axle clutch shaft bearing, movable knife rack, sleeve, the second bearing, bevel gear, be installed on the ledger-plate of transporting chain plate one end and be installed on the cutting blade of movable knife rack, described bevel gear is connected with intake mechanism.
2. a kind of shredding machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described cutting blade adopts straight sword cutting blade, the slip cutting angle of described straight sword cutting blade following formula should be met:
Wherein, r is the cut radius of straight sword cutting blade, and e is the eccentric throw between straight sword cutting blade sword line to the cutting blade centre of gyration.
3. a kind of shredding machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, pushing angle x and should meet following formula between described straight sword cutting blade and ledger-plate:
Wherein, .
4. a kind of shredding machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the charging rate of described feeding structure is:
Wherein, for the rotating speed of axle, the quantity of described cutting blade is 3, and the cutting times of described cutting blade is , the rotating speed of described nip rolls is .
5. a kind of shredding machine according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the Cutting Length of described cutting blade is:
6. a kind of shredding machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described upper feeding roller and lower feeding roller are provided with V-belt, and the rated power of known electric motor is 0.55KW, rotating speed =1500r/min, choosing gearratio is i=2.5, and described V-strapped radical z computational methods are as follows:
The first step, determine rated output , working condition coefficient =1.3, therefore
Second step, choose V-belt banding pattern, according to , determine to select Z-type;
3rd step, determine V-strapped datum diameter and check V-belt rotating speed r, get driving wheel datum diameter =71mm; Then driven pulley datum diameter:
Get =180mm; The speed of band is checked by " Machine Design " formula 8-13;
; Described V-strapped speed is suitable;
4th step, determine V-strapped datum length with drive centre distancc a
According to
Namely
Tentatively determine centre-to-centre spacing =400mm
Datum length needed for calculating
Choose the datum length Ld=1250mm of band
Calculate operating center distance
Cornerite on 5th step, checking computations driving wheel
Cornerite on described driving wheel suitable;
6th step, calculate V-strapped radical Z
By obtain the basic rated power of single V band =0.27kw, when counting the affecting of gearratio, single V is with the increment of rated power =0.03kw, cornerite coefficient =0.96, obtain length factor =1.11
Then
Get z=3.
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CN105013580A (en) * 2015-07-27 2015-11-04 湖州佳宁印刷有限公司 Portable paper shredder
CN108589357A (en) * 2018-02-26 2018-09-28 林金印 One kind being exclusively used in reed papermaking cutting equipment
CN108589357B (en) * 2018-02-26 2019-08-16 林向亮 One kind being exclusively used in reed papermaking cutting equipment

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