CN104835548B - A kind of parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens for grenz ray focusing - Google Patents
A kind of parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens for grenz ray focusing Download PDFInfo
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- CN104835548B CN104835548B CN201510119956.8A CN201510119956A CN104835548B CN 104835548 B CN104835548 B CN 104835548B CN 201510119956 A CN201510119956 A CN 201510119956A CN 104835548 B CN104835548 B CN 104835548B
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- parabola
- eyeglass
- diaphragm
- lens barrel
- camera lens
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
- G21K1/00—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating
- G21K1/06—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating using diffraction, refraction or reflection, e.g. monochromators
- G21K1/067—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating using diffraction, refraction or reflection, e.g. monochromators using surface reflection, e.g. grazing incidence mirrors, gratings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
- G21K1/00—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating
- G21K1/02—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating using diaphragms, collimators
- G21K1/04—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating using diaphragms, collimators using variable diaphragms, shutters, choppers
- G21K1/043—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating using diaphragms, collimators using variable diaphragms, shutters, choppers changing time structure of beams by mechanical means, e.g. choppers, spinning filter wheels
Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens for grenz ray focusing, including parabola eyeglass, diaphragm component, lens barrel, front apron, backboard, thermal control assembly, front collimation ring assemblies, alignment pin, alignment pin trim ring；The inner surface plating iridium film of described parabola eyeglass；Defining camera lens and receiving incident illumination line end is front end；Described diaphragm component includes front stop, middle diaphragm, back stop, support column and diaphragm pressing plate.Using the interior parabola eyeglass of ultra-smooth, x-ray photon is carried out with glancing incidence reflection to focus on, the inner surface plating iridium film of parabola eyeglass, to improve reflectance, limit visual field using three diaphragms, cut down veiling glare, front collimation ring assemblies reduce heat loss, thermal control assembly actively heats, and the two jointly provides stable thermal environment it is ensured that the stability of optical property, lens barrel is parabola eyeglass and diaphragm component provides a supporting role, and provides external interface and the interface of front collimation ring assemblies.The present invention has the advantages that structure is simple, anti-interference of stray light, easily realize.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of focus on for realizing grenz ray in space X X-ray detection X and X-ray pulsar navigation task
The grazing incidence optics camera lens collected, belongs to space optics technical field.
Background technology
X-ray pulsar navigation is applied to the entirely autonomous navigation of terrestrial space, survey of deep space and space flight spacecraft,
The comprehensively navigation information such as position, speed, attitude and time can be provided for most of space tasks spacecrafts, realize spacecraft
Entirely autonomous navigation, has the advantages that highly reliable, good stability, accuracy be high, the suitability is wide, is a great development potentiality
New autonomous navigation technology, be improve Spacecraft Autonomous Navigation systematic function splendid selection, there is extremely important engineering
Practical value and strategic research meaning.
The certainty of measurement of X-ray pulse time of advent determines the precision of X-ray pulsar navigation, by designing X-ray light
System, increases useful detection area, reduces background noise, improves the signal to noise ratio of measurement pulse profile, can improve pulse and reach
The certainty of measurement of time, thus ensure navigation accuracy.The X-ray of suitable pulsar navigation is grenz ray, and energy spectrum is generally
0.1-10keV, belongs to grenz ray, and commonly used grazing incidence optics system is focused to it collecting.
Adopt Wolter-I type structure existing grenz ray grazing incidence optics system more, by two secondary reflections, grenz ray is gathered
On focal plane, this structure is primarily adapted for use in the imaging of grenz ray target source to Jiao, and two secondary reflections reduce reflectance, and front
There is between back mirror strict coupled relation, increase resetting difficulty.Another soft x-ray optics system is Lobster eye
Type structure, the soft x-ray optics system visual field with this structure is larger, is introduced into more background noises, is only applicable to X and penetrates
Line sky patrol, and structure is more complicated, resetting difficulty is big.
Content of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that being：Overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, provide a kind of grenz ray that is used for focus on
Parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens, using parabola eyeglass, grenz ray is reflected, focuses it onto focal plane, real
The collection of existing grenz ray photon, has the advantages that structure is simple, anti-interference of stray light, easily realizes.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens for grenz ray focusing, including throwing
Object plane eyeglass, diaphragm component, lens barrel, front apron, backboard, thermal control assembly, front collimation ring assemblies, alignment pin, alignment pin trim ring；
The inner surface plating iridium film of described parabola eyeglass；Defining camera lens and receiving incident illumination line end is front end；Before described diaphragm component includes
Diaphragm, middle diaphragm, back stop, support column and diaphragm pressing plate, front stop, middle diaphragm, back stop each all are equipped with two diaphragm pressures
Plate, diaphragm pressing plate is located at diaphragm both sides and fixedly mounts on the support columns after compressing diaphragm；
Front apron is installed on lens barrel front end by screw, provides the mounting interface of camera lens；Described lens barrel is tubular structure, front
The front stop pressing plate of diaphragm is fixedly mounted with front apron；The excircle of the back stop pressing plate of back stop has groove, lens barrel rear end
Inner periphery have groove, the circumferentially positioned of back stop pressing plate and lens barrel is realized by alignment pin, alignment pin trim ring is installed on mirror
Tube rear end, implements compression to alignment pin；Parabola eyeglass is columnar structured, and outer surface is the face of cylinder, and inner surface is parabola,
And the axis on the face of cylinder and paraboloidal axis coaxle；Parabola eyeglass front port footpath is big, and rear end bore is little, and end face be flat
Face；Parabola eyeglass inner sleeve is inside lens barrel；Backboard is installed on lens barrel rear end by screw, provides outside mounting interface, after
Diaphragm pressing plate is fitted with the rear end face of parabola eyeglass, and back stop pressing plate and backboard fixedly mount simultaneously, realize diaphragm component
Axially position；Middle diaphragm is located at the axial centre position of parabola eyeglass；
Front collimation ring assemblies include shell and interior panelling, and the main body of interior panelling is cylindrical structure, and cylindrical outer is in axle
Three identical annular plates are evenly arranged on direction, each annular plate respectively has the endless groove allowing incident ray to pass through；
Shell is cylindrical structure, and one end of one end and interior panelling is fixed, and the other end is fixed with lens barrel front end, makes interior panelling and lens barrel
Between relative position fix；
Thermal control assembly includes coil and the temperature sensor being wound in lens barrel outer surface, and coil heats to lens barrel, temperature
Degree sensor measures temperature, realizes lens barrel and the temperature control of parabola eyeglass.
Described paraboloidal mirror sheet material is devitrified glass, and the parabolic surface roughness of parabola eyeglass need to reach sub- nanometer amount
Level, and it is coated with the iridium film that thickness is not less than 20nm, paraboloidal average slope angle is 0.5-1.5 °.
Described front stop, middle diaphragm, back stop are stereotype, and front stop pressing plate, diaphragm pressing plate, back stop pressing plate are aluminum
Plate.
Described lens barrel adopts indium steel or carbon fibre material.
The shell of described front collimation ring assemblies adopts titanium alloy material, interior panelling is surface-treated, makes internal gear
The thermal emissivity of plate is less than 0.03.
Present invention advantage compared with prior art is：
(1) a kind of parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens for grenz ray focusing of innovative design of the present invention, using interior
The parabola eyeglass that surface roughness reaches sub- nanometer scale carries out glancing incidence reflection focusing to x-ray photon, and in parabola
The inner surface of eyeglass plates iridium (Ir) film that thickness is not less than 20nm, to improve reflectance, limits visual field, abatement using three diaphragms
Veiling glare, front collimation ring assemblies reduce heat loss, and thermal control assembly actively heats, the two stable thermal environment is provided jointly it is ensured that
The stablizing of optical property, lens barrel is parabola eyeglass and diaphragm provides and supports, and provides external interface.Product has structure letter
List, anti-interference of stray light, the advantages of easily realize；
(2) present invention creatively adopts the parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens different from x-ray imaging optical system,
The individual reflection realizing X-ray focuses on, and compensate for the relatively low deficiency of reflectance in reflex system twice.Existing reflection optics twice
In system, between former and later two reflecting mirrors, there is strict coupled relation, resetting difficulty is very big, parabolic shape proposed by the present invention
Grazing incidence optics camera lens can substantially reduce resetting difficulty, has very strong realizability；
(3) the thermal control assembly of the present invention and front collimation ring assemblies pass through active mode and passive mode respectively and camera lens are implemented
Accurately thermal control, and the matched coefficients of thermal expansion of lens barrel material and paraboloidal mirror sheet material, can reduce lens barrel and parabola eyeglass it
Between thermograde, reduce thermal deformation and thermal stress, greatly improve the long-time stability of lens optical performance；
(4) diaphragm component of the present invention adopts stereotype and aluminium sheet compound mode, you can stops veiling glare, has high-strength again
Degree, strictly limits visual field, makes camera lens have high s/n ratio；
(5) present invention solves a focusing collector difficult problem for grenz ray, can improve effective area, the fall of X-ray detection system
Low background noise, increase signal to noise ratio, have very strong realizability and practicality, existing manufacturing technology level completely can be to it
Realize.With grenz ray every field extensive application, parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens proposed by the present invention can apply
In ground X-ray detecting devices, space X X-ray detection X spacecraft, and X-ray pulsar navigation sensor etc..
Brief description
Figure 1A is the schematic diagram of parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens of the present invention；
Figure 1B is the sectional view of parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens of the present invention；
Fig. 2A is parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens diaphragm component sectional view of the present invention；
Fig. 2 B is parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens diaphragm component schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is parabolic shape grazing incidence optics lens barrel and the circumferentially positioned schematic diagram of diaphragm component；
Fig. 4 is collimation ring assemblies sectional view before parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens of the present invention；
Fig. 5 A is parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens parabola eyeglass sectional view of the present invention；
Fig. 5 B is parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens parabola eyeglass sectional view of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
As shown in Figure 1A and Figure 1B, the present invention proposes a kind of parabolic shape grazing incidence optics mirror for grenz ray focusing
Head, including parabola eyeglass 13, diaphragm component, lens barrel 1, front apron 7, backboard 16, thermal control assembly 3, front collimation ring assemblies, determines
Position pin 20, alignment pin trim ring 15.Defining camera lens and receiving incident illumination line end is front end；
As shown in Fig. 2A and Fig. 2 B, front stop 10, middle diaphragm 14, back stop 18, diaphragm pressing plate 11, front stop pressing plate 9, after
Diaphragm pressing plate 17, support column 12 form relatively independent diaphragm component, and front stop 10, middle diaphragm 14 and back stop 18 play restriction
The effect of visual field；The front stop pressing plate 9 of front stop 10 and front apron 7 fixedly mount；
As shown in Figure 1B and Fig. 3, the excircle of the back stop pressing plate 17 of back stop 18 has groove a, B, the inner circle of lens barrel 1
Zhou Kaiyou groove, realizes the circumferentially positioned of back stop pressing plate 17 and lens barrel 1 by alignment pin 20, alignment pin trim ring 15 is installed on mirror
Cylinder 1 rear end, implements compression to alignment pin 20；Backboard 16 is installed on lens barrel 1 rear end by screw, provides outside mounting interface,
Back stop pressing plate 17 is fitted with the rear end face of parabola eyeglass 13, and back stop pressing plate 17 and backboard 16 fixedly mount simultaneously, real
Existing diaphragm component axially position；Middle diaphragm 14 is located at the axial centre position of parabola eyeglass 13；
As shown in figure 4, front collimation ring assemblies include shell 2 and interior panelling 8, for reducing whole camera lens to cold space
Visual field, thus reducing heat loss, the main body of interior panelling 8 is cylindrical structure, and cylindrical outer is evenly arranged three in the axial direction
Individual identical annular plate, each annular plate respectively has the endless groove allowing incident ray to pass through；Shell 2 is cylindrical structure, one
The one end with interior panelling 8 is held to fix, the other end is fixed with lens barrel 1 front end, determines relative position between interior panelling 8 and lens barrel 1
Put fixation；
As shown in Figure 1A, thermal control assembly 3 includes coil and the temperature sensor being wound in lens barrel 1 outer surface, and coil is to warm
Control assembly 3 heats, and temperature sensor measurement temperature realizes lens barrel 1 and the temperature control of parabola eyeglass 13, to meet space
Low temperature environment is it is ensured that the stability of optical property.
As fig. 5 a and fig. 5b, the parabola eyeglass of the parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens focusing on for grenz ray
13 is columnar structured, and inner surface is paraboloidal eyeglass, and paraboloidal roughness need to reach sub- nanometer scale, and is coated with thickness
It is not less than iridium (Ir) film of 20nm, realizes the high reflectance of x-ray photon, paraboloidal average slope angle is 0.5-1.5 °, throw
The outer surface of object plane eyeglass 13 is the face of cylinder, the axis on the face of cylinder and interior paraboloidal axis coaxle, in order to debug, parabola
Eyeglass 13 front end bore is big, and rear end bore is little, and two end faces are plane, as locating surface when debuging.
As shown in Figure 2 A and 2 B, for grenz ray focus on parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens diaphragm component by
Front stop 10, middle diaphragm 14, back stop 18, support column 12 and diaphragm pressing plate 11, front stop pressing plate 9, back stop pressing plate 17, front light
Door screen 10, middle diaphragm 14, back stop 18 each all are equipped with two diaphragm pressing plates 11, and diaphragm pressing plate 11 is located at diaphragm both sides and by diaphragm
It is fixedly mounted on after compression on support column 12, front stop 10, middle diaphragm 14, back stop 18, all using lead material, rise and limit visual field
Effect, lead has good barrier effect to X-ray and high energy particle, in view of lead material hardness, low intensity, diaphragm pressing plate
11st, front stop pressing plate 9, back stop pressing plate 17 is all using aluminum, and has reinforcement, to improve mechanical environment adaptability.
As shown in FIG. 1A and 1B, the front apron 7 of the parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens focusing on for grenz ray passes through
Screw is fixed on the front end of lens barrel 1, provides outside mounting interface, and front apron 7 is fixed with diaphragm component, realizes diaphragm component
Positioning.
As shown in FIG. 1A and 1B, the backboard 16 of the parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens focusing on for grenz ray leads to
Cross the rear end that screw is fixed on lens barrel 1, compression is implemented to back stop pressing plate 17 and alignment pin trim ring 15.
As shown in Figure 1B, the alignment pin trim ring 15 of the parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens focusing on for grenz ray passes through
Screw is fixed on the rear end of lens barrel 1, implements compression to alignment pin 20.
As shown in FIG. 1A and 1B, the lens barrel of the parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens focusing on for grenz ray is tubular
Parabola eyeglass 13, diaphragm component, thermal control assembly 3, front collimation ring assemblies are provided positioning, support and fixing, carry simultaneously by structure
For external interface, for being connected with the system applying parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens of the present invention, lens barrel adopts indium steel or carbon
Fibrous material, to mate the microcrystal glass material of parabola eyeglass 13.
As shown in Figure 1A, the thermal control assembly 3 of the parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens focusing on for grenz ray includes coil
And temperature sensor, it is installed on outside lens barrel 1, realizes the temperature precise control of lens barrel 1 and parabola eyeglass 13, reduce heat ladder
Degree, reduces thermal deformation and thermal stress it is ensured that lens optical stability.
As shown in Figure 1A, Figure 1B and Fig. 4, the front collimation of the parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens focusing on for grenz ray
Ring assemblies are located at the front end of whole camera lens, and including shell 2 and interior panelling 8, the main body of interior panelling 8 is cylindrical structure, cylinder
Outside is evenly arranged three identical annular plates in the axial direction, each annular plate respectively has and allows incident ray to pass through
Endless groove；Shell 2 is columnar structured, and one end of one end and interior panelling 8 is fixed, and the other end is fixed with lens barrel 1 front end, with true
The relative position determined between interior panelling 8 and lens barrel 1 is fixed, and the shell 2 of front collimation ring assemblies adopts titanium alloy material, to inside
Baffle plate 8 is surface-treated, and makes the thermal emissivity of interior panelling 8 be less than 0.03, for reducing whole camera lens, cold space is regarded
, so that heat loss is minimum, cooperation thermal control assembly provides stable thermal environment for whole camera lens simultaneously.
Embodiment 1
In parabolic shape grazing incidence optics lens bodies structure of the present invention, the average grazing angle of parabola eyeglass 13 is
1.25 °, eyeglass length is 140mm, and visual field is ± 7.5 ', focal length 1200mm, front end bore 101mm, rear end bore 94.9mm, Ir
Film thickness is 20nm.
The content not being described in detail in description of the invention belongs to the known technology of those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens for grenz ray focusing, including parabola eyeglass (13), diaphragm group
Part, lens barrel (1), front collimation ring assemblies it is characterised in that：Also include front apron (7), backboard (16), thermal control assembly (3), determine
Position pin (20), alignment pin trim ring (15)；The inner surface plating iridium film of described parabola eyeglass (13)；Define camera lens and receive incident ray
Hold as front end；Described diaphragm component includes front stop (10), middle diaphragm (14), back stop (18), support column (12) and diaphragm pressure
Plate (11), front stop (10), middle diaphragm (14), back stop (18) each all are equipped with two diaphragm pressing plates (11), diaphragm pressing plate
(11) it is located at diaphragm both sides and be fixedly mounted on support column (12) after diaphragm is compressed；
Front apron (7) is installed on lens barrel (1) front end by screw, provides the mounting interface of camera lens；Described lens barrel (1) is tied for tubular
Structure, the front stop pressing plate (9) of front stop (10) is fixedly mounted with front apron (7)；The back stop pressing plate (17) of back stop (18)
Excircle has groove, and the inner periphery of lens barrel (1) rear end has groove, by alignment pin (20) realize back stop pressing plate (17) with
Lens barrel (1) circumferentially positioned, alignment pin trim ring (15) is installed on lens barrel (1) rear end, to alignment pin (20) implement compression；Parabola
Eyeglass (13) is columnar structured, and outer surface is the face of cylinder, and inner surface is parabola, and the axis on the face of cylinder and paraboloidal axle
Line is coaxial；Parabola eyeglass (13) front end bore is big, and rear end bore is little, and end face is plane；Parabola eyeglass (13) inner sleeve
Internal in lens barrel (1)；Backboard (16) is installed on lens barrel (1) rear end by screw, provides outside mounting interface, back stop pressing plate
(17) fit with the rear end face of parabola eyeglass (13), back stop pressing plate (17) and backboard (16) fixedly mount simultaneously, realize
Diaphragm component axially position；Middle diaphragm (14) is located at the axial centre position of parabola eyeglass (13)；
Front collimation ring assemblies include shell (2) and interior panelling (8), and the main body of interior panelling (8) is cylindrical structure, cylindrical outer
It is evenly arranged three identical annular plates in the axial direction, each annular plate respectively has the ring-type allowing incident ray to pass through
Groove；Shell (2) is cylindrical structure, and one end of one end and interior panelling (8) is fixed, and the other end is fixed with lens barrel (1) front end, makes interior
Between portion's baffle plate (8) and lens barrel (1), relative position is fixed；
Thermal control assembly (3) includes being wound in coil and the temperature sensor of lens barrel (1) outer surface, and coil carries out to lens barrel (1) adding
Heat, temperature sensor measurement temperature, realize lens barrel (1) and the temperature control of parabola eyeglass (13).
2. a kind of parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens for grenz ray focusing according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：Described parabola eyeglass (13) material is devitrified glass, and the parabolic surface roughness of parabola eyeglass (13) need to reach sub- nanometer
Magnitude, and it is coated with the iridium film that thickness is not less than 20nm, paraboloidal average slope angle is 0.5-1.5 °.
3. a kind of parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens for grenz ray focusing according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：Described front stop (10), middle diaphragm (14), back stop (18) are stereotype, front stop pressing plate (9), diaphragm pressing plate (11), after
Diaphragm pressing plate (17) is aluminium sheet.
4. a kind of parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens for grenz ray focusing according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：Described lens barrel (1) adopts indium steel or carbon fibre material.
5. a kind of parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens for grenz ray focusing according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：The shell (2) of described front collimation ring assemblies adopts titanium alloy material, interior panelling (8) is surface-treated, makes internal gear
The thermal emissivity of plate (8) is less than 0.03.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510119956.8A CN104835548B (en) | 2015-03-18 | 2015-03-18 | A kind of parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens for grenz ray focusing |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510119956.8A CN104835548B (en) | 2015-03-18 | 2015-03-18 | A kind of parabolic shape grazing incidence optics camera lens for grenz ray focusing |
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| CN104835548B true CN104835548B (en) | 2017-03-01 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105093484B (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2017-12-22 | 北京控制工程研究所 | A kind of multilayer nest circular conical surface type X ray grazing incidence optics camera lens |
| CN106569254B (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2018-10-09 | 北京控制工程研究所 | A kind of X-ray glancing incidence camera lens remote light source alignment device and its alignment methods |
| CN106569521B (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2018-12-21 | 北京控制工程研究所 | A kind of precise temperature control device for X-ray pulsar navigation sensor |
| CN108492906B (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2020-08-14 | 北京控制工程研究所 | Lens stress-free adjusting device and method for embedded grazing incidence focusing optical lens |
| CN112635095B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2022-07-19 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | Dynamic bending adjusting device and dynamic stable micron focusing system |
| CN116149053A (en) * | 2023-03-16 | 2023-05-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for simultaneously realizing single-point focusing and wave front segmentation of extreme ultraviolet band light |
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| US5258091A (en) * | 1990-09-18 | 1993-11-02 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Method of producing X-ray window |
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| JP2001272358A (en) * | 2000-03-24 | 2001-10-05 | Nikon Corp | X-ray sample inspection apparatus |
| ATE528692T1 (en) * | 2006-07-28 | 2011-10-15 | Media Lario Srl | MULTIRE-REFLECTION OPTICAL SYSTEMS AND THEIR PRODUCTION |
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| US3776500A (en) * | 1971-07-16 | 1973-12-04 | Picker Corp | X-ray apparatus having a telescopic columnar support |
| US5258091A (en) * | 1990-09-18 | 1993-11-02 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Method of producing X-ray window |
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