CN105102751B - For the top drive of drill string - Google Patents
For the top drive of drill string Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105102751B CN105102751B CN201480017274.XA CN201480017274A CN105102751B CN 105102751 B CN105102751 B CN 105102751B CN 201480017274 A CN201480017274 A CN 201480017274A CN 105102751 B CN105102751 B CN 105102751B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- top drive
- main shaft
- bearing part
- pressure
- auxiliary bearing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
- E21B3/02—Surface drives for rotary drilling
- E21B3/022—Top drives
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
- F16C19/30—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for axial load mainly
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/54—Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction
- F16C19/56—Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction in which the rolling bodies of one bearing differ in diameter from those of another
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C25/00—Bearings for exclusively rotary movement adjustable for wear or play
- F16C25/06—Ball or roller bearings
- F16C25/08—Ball or roller bearings self-adjusting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2352/00—Apparatus for drilling
Abstract
A kind of top drive for drill string, the top drive includes the main shaft rotatably installed by axial base bearing, and the active pressure generating means that generation is preloaded are provided on axial base bearing, and preloading is adapted to different operating conditions.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of top drive for drill string, the top drive includes the gear with gear housing
Unit, the top drive is included in the main shaft being rotatably mounted around rotation axis in the gear unit, wherein drill string
Main shaft can be couple to, wherein, gear unit includes axial base bearing, and axial base bearing has bottom base bearing part and top
Base bearing part, the upper spindle bearing portion part is rotatable around rotation axis relative to bottom base bearing part, wherein, main shaft is straight
Connect or contact upper spindle bearing portion part and bottom base bearing part directly or indirectly contacts gear housing, and its indirectly
Middle gear unit includes axial auxiliary bearing, and axial auxiliary bearing has bottom auxiliary bearing part and top asessory shaft bearing portion
Part, the top auxiliary bearing part is rotatable around rotation axis relative to bottom auxiliary bearing part, its middle and lower part auxiliary
Parts of bearings directly or indirectly contacts main shaft, and top auxiliary bearing part directly or indirectly contacts gear housing.
This top drive device is particularly for rotation driving and for reducing and raising drill string.For the purpose, bore
Post is generally connected through a screw thread and is coupled with main shaft in a rotationally fixed manner.During operation, by guide runner in mast
(mast) guiding top drive in.During operation, the moment of reaction is incorporated into mast via guide runner.
Wheels arrangements are commonly used to reduce and raise top drive and therefore reduce and raise drill string, and its middle pulley is matched somebody with somebody
Put the upper end that is maintained at mast and be for example connected with top drive by mounting bracket.
In order to realize the rotary-actuated of main shaft, gear unit is electronic with least one or rotation motor of hydraulic-driven is connected
Connect.
Because drill string is fixedly connected with main shaft, so to the axle of main shaft in the gear housing of the gear unit of top drive
Hold and propose requirement higher.Especially, it is necessary to which, for main shaft sets cod, the cod is adapted to will be present in work
The quality made in the drill string of head is incorporated into housing.Additionally, cod also must for good and all bear to be sent out during drilling operation
Raw dynamic load(loading).
In the top drive of known construction, the cod of main shaft includes axial base bearing.Axial base bearing is formed
It is taper roll bearing.Against housing, main shaft is supported on axial direction to the bottom base bearing part of axial base bearing by radial flange
On the upper spindle bearing portion part of base bearing.
In order to realize the long life of cod, bearing roller and upper bearing member and lower bearing portion should be avoided
Gap between part.For the purpose, spring unit is provided with known top drive, the spring unit is by top
Auxiliary bearing part is pressed against on rolling element.
But, it has been shown that although with the preloading for acting on by this way, axial base bearing may be subject to expect not
To abrasion high (when particularly drilling under stress).Therefore spring assembly is pressed together.Bearing clearance is present in bottom
In bearing.It is thus impossible to ensure that the roller of base bearing is equably rolled.
Therefore, it is an object of the invention to develop a kind of general top drive, the general top drive is reduced axially
Wearing and tearing and with service life more long on bearing.
The purpose is by top drive described below and for operating the method for top drive to be achieved.
In top drive of the invention, between top auxiliary bearing part and gear housing and/or under
Held between portion's auxiliary bearing part and main shaft and/or between bottom base bearing part and gear housing and/or in upper spindle
Active pressure generating means are set between part and main shaft.Active pressure between top auxiliary bearing part and gear housing
The arrangement of generating means is preferred.
" active pressure generating means " refer to pressure generation device, by the pressure generation device, can be applied variable
And therefore for the different adjustable pressure of operating condition.Due to the exploitation of top drive of the invention, therefore
Preloading can be adjusted, base bearing axial in the case and auxiliary bearing are operated into different operating conditions.Preload example
Such as according to rotating speed or tensile force on main shaft can be acted on or compression stress is set so that axial base bearing and auxiliary bearing are extremely
It is few to be operated under the conditions of almost optimal (pressure).Furthermore, it is possible to balance tolerance in the case where pad etc. is not used.Additionally, by
In can not pressurizeing to be set in open space produced in gear housing by pressure generation device, so simplifying axial main shaft
The maintenance and installation held.Active pressure generating means can set to replace spring assembly.Therefore, existing top drive is transformed
Device is feasible.
In a preferred embodiment, active pressure generating means include the piston that can be pressurizeed by hydraulic pressure or air pressure.It is preferred that
Set by the piston of hydraulic pressurization, this is because this can enduringly for driving the motor of top drive and/or using top
Other parts of the drilling equipment of portion's driver.
In the first embodiment, piston can act on the annular piston on the auxiliary bearing part of top.For piston
Actuating, be passed into wherein install piston annular space in single channel it is sufficient that.
In the second preferred embodiments, the multiple cylindrical pistons acted on the auxiliary bearing part of top are set.Although
Cost is higher due to the multiple passages required for multiple components and each cylinder body for leading to for each piston for the second embodiment,
It is advantageous, however, that top auxiliary bearing part and/or housing from being substantially parallel any inclination of the position to another position
Can be compensated automatically, and this may result in top auxiliary bearing part and/or housing in annular space in annular piston
Middle inclination.
In the 3rd embodiment of top drive of the invention, active pressure generating means include at least one pressure
Electric device.Produce preload axial base bearing then can be by being applied on piezoelectric element voltage level change, adjusted
Each operating condition where saving the drilling equipment including top drive.If top drive has electronic driving horse
Reach, then the embodiment of pressure generation device is particularly preferred.
No matter the pressure generation device hydraulically, pneumatically, piezoelectricity ground or otherwise operate, preferably set
Pressure control device is put, wherein by the pressure control device, the pressure generated by active pressure generating means is in top drive
Can also change during the operation of device.Due to the measure, the preloading of axial base bearing can adjust different operating conditions,
And without interrupting the operation of top drive for this.Additionally, following different operating condition can be imagination, wherein these are not
Biconditional operation condition is worn and torn and increases the service life needs change of axial base bearing by pressure generation device applying to reduce
Pressure：
1. apply less pressure to produce less preloading during the transport and storage of top drive.By pressure
It is set to the alap level for being enough to avoid the axial base bearing that may cause bearing damage from moving.In hydraulic pressure or pneumatic cause
In the case of dynamic pressure force generating mechanism, can pass through connected pressure reservoir the transport of top drive and storage during
Maintain the pressure.If pressure generation device includes (or multiple) piezoelectric element, the voltages such as battery can be placed
Source uses.
2. in the drilling equipment for including top drive of the invention is in " normal " drilling operation, can select
Contact another contact high during generally than transport and storage.Such drilling operation is referred in particular to herein：Wherein,
Although being advanced by the reduction of top drive, drill string is still suspended on main shaft.Then, by apply hydraulic pressure or air pressure or
Person apply electric current come set by pressure generation device generate pressure so that rule of thumb act on main shaft in normal operating
On dynamic load(loading) will not within the bearing cause prejudicial motion.
3., if the decline of rig is suppressed by undesirable solid rock in such as soil layer, this may cause drill string
No longer it is suspended on main shaft, but top drive applies pressure by main shaft on drill string.In this case, by increase
The hydraulic pressure or Pneumatic pressure or the electric current of applying of applying, following level is brought up to by the pressure generated by pressure generation device,
The pressure for wherein being pressed down on by the axial auxiliary bearing of main shaft presses down on the pressure used by main shaft more than top drive.
Therefore, further reliably avoid the harmful gap between bearing.
4. the particular pressure peak value between top drive and drill string may be in so-called " jarring operation (jarring
Operation occur in) ".If drill string can select this operation equipped with so-called " bumper jar (bumper jar) "
Mode.By bumper jar, the bottom of the upper member of drill string can alternatively clamp or pine relative to the lower member of drill string
Open.Then, the upper member and lower member of drill string are configured so as to form block between these two parts.If drill string
Lower member is attached to the boring bar tool of drill string and is stuck in hole, then drill string can be placed in tension force work by top drive
Under.After bumper jar is unclamped, the bottom of the upper member of drill string rapidly rises to block, and therefore in the bottom of drill string
Part and may be fixed to and apply impulsive force on the boring bar tool of drill string, drill string or boring bar tool are discharged by the impulsive force.
As a result, larger dynamic force may be produced in axial base bearing, parts of bearings is especially can result in and is raised and follow-up collision
Those power.Therefore jarring is always avoided to operate.If however, due to not expecting that to block jarring operation inevitable in advance,
Can so be produced in axial base bearing by pressure generation device by top drive of the invention maximum allowable
Preload, technically feasible minimum level is reduced to so that danger will be damaged.
In addition to pressure control device is set, pressure-regulating device can also be equally set, wherein by the Stress control
Device, the pressure generated by active pressure generating means is adjustable for different operating conditions, and wherein by pressure
Apparatus for adjusting force, can be produced according to the power regulation acted on along rotation axis direction on main shaft by active pressure generating means
Pressure.For the purpose, power biography can be set in main shaft, in drill string and/or in the boring bar tool being arranged on drill string
Sensor, the force snesor detection acts on direction and the size of the power on main shaft.More performance variables can also be detected, such as
Rotating speed during spindle action, the torque transmitted via main shaft etc..Adjusting means then preferably as follows according to it is default according to
The relation of relying adjusts the pressure produced by active pressure generating means as the function of detected value so that undesirable axial direction base bearing
In motion, but the excessive parts pressure loading to axial base bearing is avoided by preloading higher.
The present invention is explained in more detail now with reference to accompanying drawing.Wherein：
Fig. 1 shows the allusion quotation for belonging to prior art with partial cut away side views (perpendicular to the view of the rotation axis of main shaft)
Type top drive；
Fig. 1 a show the details I in Fig. 1 with enlarged drawing；
Fig. 2 represents the first embodiment for showing top drive of the invention with corresponding to Fig. 1；
Fig. 2 a show the details II in the Fig. 2 with hydraulic pressure block diagram；
Fig. 2 b show, from above the independent expression of the piston of the active pressure generating means in the view according to Fig. 2；
Fig. 3 shows the second embodiment of top drive of the invention in the view corresponding to Fig. 2；
Fig. 3 a show the details III in the Fig. 3 with hydraulic pressure block diagram；
Fig. 3 b show, from above the independent table of multiple pistons of the active pressure generating means in the view according to Fig. 3
Show；And
Fig. 4 shows the enlarged drawing of hydraulic pressure block diagram.
Include gear unit 1 as the overall top drive with 100 marks in Fig. 1, the gear unit has gear
Housing 2.In gear housing 2, main shaft 3 is rotatably mounted around rotation axis D.Main shaft 3 is provided with the spur gear of external toothing,
Because spur gear is covered by a part for gear housing, so spur gear is invisible in the accompanying drawings, generally with hydraulic pressure or electronic side
The drive motor that formula drives is coupled on the spur gear, and the drive motor is same in the accompanying drawings invisible.
Main shaft 3 is radially mounted in gear housing 2 by top journal bearing 4 and by lower radial bearings 5.Axle
It is arranged between top journal bearing 4 and lower radial bearings 5 to base bearing 6.Axial base bearing includes being placed in gear housing 2
Bottom base bearing part 7 on flange 8.Axial base bearing also includes upper spindle bearing portion part 9, and the upper spindle bearing portion part passes through
Conical roller 10 is supported on bottom base bearing part 7.
Main shaft 3 is by radial flange 11 against upper spindle bearing portion part 9.Therefore, according to Fig. 1, main shaft is by axial main shaft
Hold and fix to avoid displacement from below.
It can be seen from figure 1 that the axial size compared with other bearings of base bearing 6 is larger, because axially being led in operation
Bearing 6 especially must endure as the gravity of the drill string being connected with main shaft 3 not shown in figure.
Rather than the operating position in top drive during the operation according to Fig. 1 or during storage or transport
In, in order to keep main shaft 3 on axial location relative to the possible power for acting on from below, axial auxiliary bearing 12 is set.Axle
Include bottom auxiliary bearing part 13 to auxiliary bearing, it is supported from above by radial flange 11.Top auxiliary bearing part 15
It is supported on bottom auxiliary bearing part 13 by bearing roller 14.Top auxiliary bearing part 15 is installed in gear housing 2
In.Between top auxiliary bearing part 15 and gear housing 2 and/or bottom auxiliary bearing part 13 and radial flange 11 it
Between packing ring (invisible in figure) can be set at least compensating roughness tolerance.
According to Fig. 1, in order to prevent including that axial base bearing 6 and the axial bearing assemblies of axial auxiliary bearing 12 have axially
Gap, is carried out downwards by the spring assembly 17 that is arranged in hole 16 to the top auxiliary bearing part 15 of axial auxiliary bearing 12
Preload, wherein axial gap is for example changed by the thermal induction in operation, abrasion etc. by less tolerance and caused, axial gap
Cause abrasion to be increased dramatically and therefore service life correspondingly shortens.Main shaft 3 is therefore in the elastic force as produced by spring assembly
It is pressed downward under effect.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 describe what the general top drive 100 to described in reference picture 1 of the invention was improved
Two embodiments.In order to avoid repeating, the respective members of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are provided with and Fig. 1 identical references.Thus, join
According to Fig. 1.
Top drive (now as overall with 200 marks) shown in Fig. 2 includes active pressure generating means 18, actively presses
Force generating mechanism is arranged between top auxiliary bearing part 15 and gear housing 2 instead of spring assembly 17.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b, active pressure generating means 18 include annular piston 19, ring-type
Piston is laterally sealingly mounted in the annular groove 20 being arranged in gear housing 2.
Passage 21 is opened up in the bottom of annular groove 20, wherein the hydraulic medium of pressurization is supplied by the passage, and because
This can be pressed from top relative to top auxiliary bearing part according to the pressure of the hydraulic medium supplied using different power
Annular piston 19.Pressure is preferably such that base bearing 6 is operated under conditions of as optimal as possible.
In the example embodiment 300 shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b, top asessory shaft bearing portion is acted on using from top
Multiple cylindrical pistons 19 ' on part 15 replace annular piston 19.Piston 19 ' is installed in the cylinder body being fluidly coupled to each other
In 20 ', so that all of piston 19 ' can be acted on by identical hydraulic pressure.
If operation occurs in electronic mode, other active pressure generating means 22 also can be used (for example, piezoelectricity is first
Part) replace piston 19 '.
Hydraulic medium is provided by hydraulic means 22, the Design and Features of the hydraulic means carry out reference picture 4 following
Description.
Hydraulic means 22 is included for the hydraulic fluid tank 23 of hydraulic fluid and in hydraulic fluid tank downstream with check-valves 24
Hydraulic pump.Hydraulic fluid tank 23 and the hydraulic pump with check-valves 24 can belong to hydraulic power unit, wherein the hydraulic power unit
Hydraulic fluid for needed for the operation of hole-drilling system is provided, top drive of the invention 200,300 belongs to hole-drilling system.
Spring force activate and be capable of electric power switching switching valve 26 be connected to check-valves 24 by hydraulic line 25
Hydraulic pump.Switching valve 26 is connected to passage 21 by hydraulic line 27.Hydraulic pressure with air spider (gas chuck) 28 is deposited
Reservoir, pressure gauge 29 and be capable of electricity regulation excess pressure valve 30 be connected to hydraulic line 27.
Switching valve 26 and excess pressure valve 30 are electrically connected to control or adjusting means 31.
Fig. 4 shows the hydraulic means in following state, and wherein active pressure generating means 18 are separated with hydraulic pump 24.
For the purpose, hydraulic line 25 and 27 is switched valve 26 to be ended.The pressure determined by hydraulic storage 28 is applied to hydraulic pressure
In pipeline 27.
In order to produce preloading in axial base bearing 6, by control or adjusting means 31 using electric signal to switching valve
26 and the applying of excess pressure valve 30 effect, the electric signal is the measurement to the desired pressure value that will be produced by active pressure generating means.
By the electric signal, switching valve 26 is switched with so that hydraulic line 27 is connected with hydraulic line 25, and therefore by liquid first
The hydraulic action that press pump 24 is provided is in passage 21.If reached corresponding with the electric signal provided by control or adjusting means
Hydraulic pressure, then excess pressure valve 30 open.If to below desired value, excess pressure valve is closed for the pressure drop.By this way, by controlling
Or adjusting means pressure set in advance is applied to active pressure generating means 18, wherein possible pressure oscillation passes through hydraulic pressure
Memory 28 relaxes.The possible hydraulic fluid loss caused by leakage also can be slow by the volume of hydraulic storage 28
With in limited scope.
Control or adjusting means 31 can be configured to the desired pressure value being manually entered.Narrowly, control or adjust
Device is control device.However, in the sense that tightened up, equally control or adjusting means 31 can be formed as into regulation dress
Put.So, control or adjusting means include extra signal input, wherein to the signal input application force value, such as by suitable
Those force value acted on along rotation axis direction on main shaft 3 of the sensor record of conjunction.Then, by storing in adjusting means
In algorithm, manipulate switching valve 26 and excess pressure valve 30 so that following pressure is embodied in hydraulic line 27, wherein the pressure is to produce
Life is best suited for required for the preloading of axial base bearing 6 of each operating condition.
If setting piezoelectric element to replace the active pressure generating means or piston 19,19 ', if control or regulation dress
Put with regard to output end generation power value for be adapted to piezoelectric element, then control or adjusting means output end can directly with pressure
Electric device is connected.
Reference numerals list
100th, 200,300 top drive
1 gear unit
2 gear housing
3 main shafts
4 top journal bearings
5 lower radial bearings
6 axial base bearings
7 bottom base bearing parts
8 flanges
9 upper spindle bearing portion parts
10 conical rollers
11 radial flanges
12 axial auxiliary bearings
13 bottom auxiliary bearing parts
14 bearing rollers
15 top auxiliary bearing parts
16 holes
17 disc springs are configured
18 active pressure generating means
19 annular pistons
19 ' pistons
20 annular grooves
20 ' cylinder bodies
21 passages
22 hydraulic means
23 hydraulic fluid tanks
24 hydraulic pump check-valves
25 hydraulic lines
26 switching valves
27 hydraulic lines
28 hydraulic storages
29 pressure gauges
30 excess pressure valves
31 controls or adjusting means
D rotation axis
Claims (9)
1. a kind of top drive (200,300) for drill string,
The top drive includes the gear unit (1) with gear housing (2),
The top drive is included in the main shaft being rotatably mounted around rotation axis (D) in the gear unit (1)
(3), wherein the drill string can be couple to the main shaft,
Wherein, gear unit (1) includes axial base bearing (6), and the axial base bearing has bottom base bearing part (7) and upper
Portion's base bearing part (9), the upper spindle bearing portion part can be around the rotation relative to the bottom base bearing part (7)
Axis (D) rotates,
Wherein, the main shaft (3) directly or indirectly contacts the upper spindle bearing portion part (9), and the bottom base bearing
Part (7) directly or indirectly contacts the gear housing (2),
And wherein, gear unit (1) includes axial auxiliary bearing (12), the axial auxiliary bearing has bottom auxiliary bearing
Part (13) and top auxiliary bearing part (15), the top auxiliary bearing part is relative to the bottom auxiliary bearing part
(13) can be rotated around the rotation axis (D),
Wherein, the bottom auxiliary bearing part (13) directly or indirectly contacts the main shaft (3), and the top aids in
Parts of bearings (15) directly or indirectly contacts the gear housing (2),
Characterized in that,
Between the top auxiliary bearing part (15) and the gear housing (2) and/or in the bottom asessory shaft bearing portion
Between part (13) and the main shaft (3) and/or between the bottom base bearing part (7) and the gear housing (2) and/or
Active pressure generating means (18) is set between the upper spindle bearing portion part (9) and the main shaft (3).
2. top drive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the active pressure generating means (18) including by
The piston (19,19 ') of hydraulic pressure or pneumatic actuation.
3. top drive according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the piston is to act on the top asessory shaft
On bearing portion part (15) and/or the bottom auxiliary bearing part (13) and/or act on the bottom base bearing part (7) and/
Or the annular piston (19) on the upper spindle bearing portion part (9).
4. top drive according to claim 2, it is characterised in that be provided with multiple cylindrical pistons (19 '), it is described
Multiple cylindrical pistons (19 ') act on the top auxiliary bearing part (15) and/or the bottom auxiliary bearing part
(13) on and/or act on the bottom base bearing part (7) and/or the upper spindle bearing portion part (9).
5. top drive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the active pressure generating means (18) are including extremely
A few piezoelectric element.
6. top drive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the active pressure generating means are included with machinery
The axle that mode is acted on.
7. top drive according to any one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterised in that be provided with pressure control device,
The pressure for wherein being produced by the active pressure generating means (18) by the pressure control device is in the top drive
Operation during can also change.
8. top drive according to any one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterised in that be provided with pressure control device,
Wherein being according to performance variable by the pressure that the active pressure generating means (18) produce by the pressure control device can
Regulation is controllable, wherein the performance variable is acted on the main shaft (3) along the direction of the rotation axis (D)
Rotating speed when power, the spindle action, the torque via main shaft transmission.
9. a kind of method for driving top drive according to claim 1, the top drive includes passing through
The main shaft that cod configuration is installed, it is characterised in that it is pressure actuated that the cod configuration is in axial direction acted on,
Wherein described pressure is controlled or adjusted according to performance variable, and the performance variable is made along the direction of the rotation axis (D)
Rotating speed during power, the spindle action on the main shaft (3), the torque transmitted via the main shaft.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013102805.5A DE102013102805A1 (en) | 2013-03-19 | 2013-03-19 | Power rotary head for a drill pipe |
| DE102013102805.5 | 2013-03-19 | ||
| PCT/EP2014/054420 WO2014146910A2 (en) | 2013-03-19 | 2014-03-07 | Top drive for a drill string |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105102751A CN105102751A (en) | 2015-11-25 |
| CN105102751B true CN105102751B (en) | 2017-06-09 |
Family
ID=50236191
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201480017274.XA Active CN105102751B (en) | 2013-03-19 | 2014-03-07 | For the top drive of drill string |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10221626B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2976485B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105102751B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102013102805A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK2976485T3 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2640529C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014146910A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NO345632B1 (en) | 2016-03-30 | 2021-05-18 | Mhwirth As | Drilling system and method of operation |
| US10788390B2 (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2020-09-29 | Bauer Maschinen Gmbh | Method for the calibration of a top drive and top drive for a drill string |
Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4449596A (en) * | 1982-08-03 | 1984-05-22 | Varco International, Inc. | Drilling of wells with top drive unit |
| US4529045A (en) * | 1984-03-26 | 1985-07-16 | Varco International, Inc. | Top drive drilling unit with rotatable pipe support |
| US6695071B1 (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2004-02-24 | Devall Donald L. | Drill head assembly |
| CN101018925A (en) * | 2004-06-07 | 2007-08-15 | 瓦克I/P公司 | Top drive |
| CN101317313A (en) * | 2005-10-03 | 2008-12-03 | 莱图尔诺技术演练系统有限公司 | Top drive drilling system using low-speed direct-driven AC motor, and application thereof |
| CN101432498A (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2009-05-13 | 国民油井华高有限合伙公司 | Top drive apparatus |
| CN201588532U (en) * | 2010-02-03 | 2010-09-22 | 宝鸡石油机械有限责任公司 | Pneumatic power installation for high-pressure heavy-load oil rig taps |
| CN102037206A (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2011-04-27 | 国民油井华高有限合伙公司 | Top drive apparatus |
| CN201891380U (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2011-07-06 | 北京市三一重机有限公司 | Rotary drilling rig and power control box thereof |
| CN102373879A (en) * | 2010-08-12 | 2012-03-14 | 四川宏华石油设备有限公司 | Top driver |
| CN202578490U (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2012-12-05 | 郑州正弘桩工机械制造有限公司 | Power head for long spiral drilling machine |
| CN202745683U (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2013-02-20 | 沈毅 | Top drive drilling device with integrated hydraulic system |
Family Cites Families (24)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2959159A (en) * | 1958-05-16 | 1960-11-08 | Battelle Development Corp | Free-piston internal combustion apparatus |
| JPH028102Y2 (en) * | 1985-02-07 | 1990-02-27 | ||
| US4850719A (en) * | 1988-09-12 | 1989-07-25 | The Torrington Company | Bearing with adjustable stiffness |
| BR8807864A (en) * | 1988-10-25 | 1990-11-13 | N Proizv Ob Mekh Robotizatsii | VERTICAL BEARING ASSEMBLY |
| US5251985A (en) * | 1991-09-26 | 1993-10-12 | General Electric Company | Squeeze film damper seal |
| RU2027846C1 (en) | 1991-12-02 | 1995-01-27 | Свердловская организация творческого союза изобретателей | Swivel with upper drive |
| US5364190A (en) * | 1992-01-14 | 1994-11-15 | Toshiba Kikai Kabushiki Kaisha | Hydrostatic bearing apparatus |
| US6394657B1 (en) * | 1993-02-22 | 2002-05-28 | Nsk Ltd. | Preloading method for preload-adjustable rolling bearing and manufacture of the same |
| US5238308A (en) * | 1992-05-04 | 1993-08-24 | Rockwell International Corporation | Adjustable gap hydrostatic element |
| US6547002B1 (en) * | 2000-04-17 | 2003-04-15 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | High pressure rotating drilling head assembly with hydraulically removable packer |
| US6422757B1 (en) * | 2000-12-15 | 2002-07-23 | Industrial Technology Research Inst. | Active piezoelectric spindle bearing preload adjustment mechanism |
| KR100413061B1 (en) * | 2001-01-19 | 2003-12-31 | 한국과학기술연구원 | Smart foil journal bearing using piezoelectric actuators |
| WO2004007984A1 (en) * | 2002-07-10 | 2004-01-22 | Turbocor Inc. | Device to relieve thrust load in a rotor-bearing system using permanent magnets |
| US20060023985A1 (en) * | 2004-07-27 | 2006-02-02 | Mircea Gradu | Adaptive bearing system containing a piezoelectric actuator for controlling setting |
| JP2006161991A (en) * | 2004-12-09 | 2006-06-22 | Jtekt Corp | Thrust roller bearing |
| RU55846U1 (en) | 2004-12-28 | 2006-08-27 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ПромТехИнвест-Сервис" | UPPER DRILL RIG DRIVE POWER DRIVE |
| JP2006316932A (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2006-11-24 | Aisin Ai Co Ltd | Lubrication mechanism for transfer |
| JP4984673B2 (en) * | 2006-06-22 | 2012-07-25 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Drive device |
| WO2011156133A2 (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2011-12-15 | National Oilwell Varco. L.P. | Fluid-supported thrust bearing |
| US8393393B2 (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2013-03-12 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Coupler compliance tuning for mitigating shock produced by well perforating |
| DE102011005360A1 (en) * | 2011-03-10 | 2012-09-13 | Brose Fahrzeugteile Gmbh & Co. Kg, Hallstadt | Drive device with actively mounted drive shaft |
| DE102011080651A1 (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2013-02-14 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Axialpendelrollenlageranordnung, in particular for a ship propeller shaft |
| US20130284459A1 (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2013-10-31 | Canring Drilling Technology Ltd. | Bearing apparatus and methods |
| DE102013215557A1 (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2015-03-05 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Storage system and method for operating a storage system |
-
2013
- 2013-03-19 DE DE102013102805.5A patent/DE102013102805A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2014
- 2014-03-07 RU RU2015144460A patent/RU2640529C2/en active
- 2014-03-07 WO PCT/EP2014/054420 patent/WO2014146910A2/en active Application Filing
- 2014-03-07 US US14/777,746 patent/US10221626B2/en active Active
- 2014-03-07 EP EP14708278.8A patent/EP2976485B1/en active Active
- 2014-03-07 DK DK14708278.8T patent/DK2976485T3/en active
- 2014-03-07 CN CN201480017274.XA patent/CN105102751B/en active Active
Patent Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4449596A (en) * | 1982-08-03 | 1984-05-22 | Varco International, Inc. | Drilling of wells with top drive unit |
| US4529045A (en) * | 1984-03-26 | 1985-07-16 | Varco International, Inc. | Top drive drilling unit with rotatable pipe support |
| US6695071B1 (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2004-02-24 | Devall Donald L. | Drill head assembly |
| CN101018925A (en) * | 2004-06-07 | 2007-08-15 | 瓦克I/P公司 | Top drive |
| CN101317313A (en) * | 2005-10-03 | 2008-12-03 | 莱图尔诺技术演练系统有限公司 | Top drive drilling system using low-speed direct-driven AC motor, and application thereof |
| CN101432498A (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2009-05-13 | 国民油井华高有限合伙公司 | Top drive apparatus |
| CN102037206A (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2011-04-27 | 国民油井华高有限合伙公司 | Top drive apparatus |
| CN201588532U (en) * | 2010-02-03 | 2010-09-22 | 宝鸡石油机械有限责任公司 | Pneumatic power installation for high-pressure heavy-load oil rig taps |
| CN102373879A (en) * | 2010-08-12 | 2012-03-14 | 四川宏华石油设备有限公司 | Top driver |
| CN201891380U (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2011-07-06 | 北京市三一重机有限公司 | Rotary drilling rig and power control box thereof |
| CN202578490U (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2012-12-05 | 郑州正弘桩工机械制造有限公司 | Power head for long spiral drilling machine |
| CN202745683U (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2013-02-20 | 沈毅 | Top drive drilling device with integrated hydraulic system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2014146910A2 (en) | 2014-09-25 |
| DE102013102805A1 (en) | 2014-09-25 |
| WO2014146910A3 (en) | 2015-04-02 |
| US20160290045A1 (en) | 2016-10-06 |
| RU2015144460A (en) | 2017-04-27 |
| DK2976485T3 (en) | 2019-03-18 |
| CN105102751A (en) | 2015-11-25 |
| EP2976485A2 (en) | 2016-01-27 |
| US10221626B2 (en) | 2019-03-05 |
| EP2976485B1 (en) | 2018-11-21 |
| RU2640529C2 (en) | 2018-01-09 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US9284949B2 (en) | Bearing arrangement of a wind turbine and method for adjusting the preload of a bearing arrangement | |
| JP5265981B2 (en) | Apparatus for transmitting torque from a vehicle drive train to a plurality of wheels of a vehicle and method for transmitting torque to at least two vehicle drive components | |
| CN101660970A (en) | Large bearing testing machine | |
| US9267340B2 (en) | Heave compensating system | |
| FI109722B (en) | A method for monitoring the condition of crusher bearings and a crusher | |
| CN105102751B (en) | For the top drive of drill string | |
| KR20110097927A (en) | Method and device for actively suppressing pressure oscillations in a hydraulic system | |
| CN103477014A (en) | Rotation unit, rock drilling unit and method for rock drilling | |
| US7553254B2 (en) | Pressing device for tensioning two gearing elements, gearing provided with a pressing device of this type, and method for operating such a friction gearing | |
| CN108625767B (en) | Rotary unit and method for adjusting bearing clearance | |
| CN105014104A (en) | External-adjustable constant-pressure pre-tightening device for motorized spindle | |
| SE515848C2 (en) | Hydraulic drive unit for rotating rock drills | |
| FI85178B (en) | FOERFARANDE I ROTATIONSBORRNING OCH ROTATIONSBORRNINGSANORDNING. | |
| CN112524152A (en) | Bearing clearance adjusting device and method and wind generating set | |
| CN102506100B (en) | Hydraulic brake device | |
| JP5165487B2 (en) | Railway vehicle | |
| CN107471115A (en) | Arrangement for grinding and automatic grinding control method | |
| US20100098368A1 (en) | Arrangement for axially supporting a shaft of a work machine | |
| EP1499818A1 (en) | Arrangement for driving a compressor | |
| KR20230002532A (en) | A control method of a continuously variable transmission and a transmission equipped with a control system for realizing the same | |
| KR102074568B1 (en) | High speed spindle apparatus | |
| EP2302242A1 (en) | Method and device for conditioning bearing systems for shafts | |
| KR101728682B1 (en) | Two-stage controls the ball screw controlled by a hydraulic and spring | |
| KR101776158B1 (en) | Drawworks having Emergency Brake system | |
| JP2001505264A (en) | Calendar device, roll with controlled run-out, and method of operating them |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |