CN105138431A - Linux system back-up and restoring method - Google Patents
Linux system back-up and restoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105138431A CN105138431A CN201510532051.3A CN201510532051A CN105138431A CN 105138431 A CN105138431 A CN 105138431A CN 201510532051 A CN201510532051 A CN 201510532051A CN 105138431 A CN105138431 A CN 105138431A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of computer and information technology, particularly relates to a Linux system back-up and restoring method. According to the linux system back-up and restoring method, a Linux system is manufactured on a storage medium to serve as a startup disk, and a master boot record, a partition table and system files of the Linux system of a mainframe are backed up in the storage medium; when the Linux system of the mainframe breaks down, the Linux system is restored or reset through the storage medium, and the data backed up in the storage medium are restored into the Linux system of the mainframe. The Linux system backed up through the method can be used for restoring Linux systems of multiple mainframes, and operation is convenient.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to computing machine and areas of information technology, be specifically related to a kind of backup-and-restore method of linux system.
Background technology
Linux is the class Unix operating system of a set of free use and Free propagation, the operating system based on portable operating system interface (PortableOperatingSystemInterface, be called for short POSIX) and multi-user, multitask, support multithreading and multi-CPU.Linux can run on kinds of platform (computer, workstation etc.), disclosed in its source code is not only, or free, this system follows general public licence (GeneralPublicLicense, be called for short GPL) spirit, in accordance with POSIX standard and with Unix system compatible.
Along with the fast development of electronic hardware, the equipment of exploitation is now increasing all with operating system.And linux system can cut randomly with it, increases income, the feature such as free receives and applies widely.Operating system is the basis that all application software are run, so just seem particularly important to the Protection and Recovery of operating system.
The object of " system reducing " is not needing to reinstall operating system, makes system get back to duty under also can not destroying the prerequisite of data file.Under comparing Windows operating system, common hardware guidance system transfer (GeneralHardwareOrientedSystemTransfer is called for short Ghost) rules all the land, system reducing or a slice blind area under Linux.More common way is user oneself standby system critical file at present, in time going wrong, manually recovers.
User oneself backup and restore linux system requires very high to user, know which data of this backup, how to back up, how to recover after having gone wrong, this complex operation, easily makes mistakes, and once system can not start, needing could start up system by other thing.This scheme cannot carry out subregion to system in addition, and the system file of different user IDs is different, has personalized feature, cannot realize producing in batches linux system.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art part, the present invention has redesigned a kind of backup-and-restore method of new linux system.The method eliminates the loaded down with trivial details operation of user, simple to operate, and less demanding to user.The method can also dynamically arrange subregion, selects the content that will reduce, and can not there is system partitioning damage, the problem that system cannot be reduced.This scheme supports Batch Clone simultaneously, thus realizes batch production.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of backup method of linux system, a storage medium is provided, and make a linux system on a storage medium, the Main Boot Record of main frame linux system and partition table are backuped in storage medium, also the file in main frame linux system subregion is carried out selective backup in storage medium, the file of selected backup comprises boot, etc, home, root, usr and var.
Further, if the boot of main frame linux system is arranged on MBR, then the Main Boot Record of MBR is backuped in storage medium; If the boot of main frame linux system is not arranged on MBR, and is mounted on the boot sector of subregion, then the Main Boot Record of the boot sector of subregion is backuped in storage medium.
Further, backup carries out backup operation by backup tool, and backup tool comprises: dd, cpio, tar, dump, rsync or restore order.
Further, storage medium is CD, portable hard drive, floppy disk or USB flash disk.
Further, the file of selected in linux system data backup also comprises opt and srv.
Further, a kind of backup method based on above-mentioned linux system carries out the method for reducing of linux system, and it comprises the following steps:
By on the storage medium access host of the backup method gained with above-mentioned linux system;
Reduction Main Boot Record;
Disk partition is set and formats;
Also original host linux system partitioned file.
Further, use the disk partition of parted command set, and call mkfs order subregion is formatd.
The present invention proposes a kind of backup-and-restore method of linux system, utilize storage medium to make boot disk, and the Main Boot Record of main frame linux system, partition table and system file are backuped in this CD go.When main frame linux system collapses, utilize storage medium repair system or reset, and the data backed up in storage medium are reduced.The method is used for the backup-and-restore of linux system, and utilizes the storage medium of this backup method to produce, for reducing linux system by Batch Clone.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is hard-disc storage structural representation;
Fig. 2 is ExtX file system first block group structure distribution figure.
Embodiment
For further illustrating each embodiment, the invention provides drawings attached.These accompanying drawings are a part for disclosure of the present invention, and it is mainly in order to illustrate embodiment, and the associated description of instructions can be coordinated to explain the operation principles of embodiment.Coordinate with reference to these contents, those of ordinary skill in the art will be understood that other possible embodiments and advantage of the present invention.Assembly in figure not drawn on scale, and similar element numbers is commonly used to assembly like representation class.
Now the present invention is further described with embodiment by reference to the accompanying drawings.
Modern (SuSE) Linux OS major part is all based on Main Boot Record (MasterBootRecord is called for short MBR), is guided by bootstrap loader (GRandUnifiedBootloader is called for short GRUB).When after computing machine Power-On Self-Test, Basic Input or Output System (BIOS) (BasicInput/OutputSystem, be called for short BIOS) load code in MBR in internal memory, consulting shown in Fig. 1, is hard-disc storage structural representation, MBR and hard disk first sector, Main Boot Record in Fig. 1, this sector has 512 bytes altogether, and front 446 byte content deposit the crucial boot of GRUB, then 64 bytes place partition table, and last 2 bytes are fixing mark 0x55AA.After BIOS is boot program loads to internal memory, just give GRUB control, then GRUB can find boot and some files under loading boot, and finally it can load linux system kernel image file, thus gives real kernel control and run.
Consulting shown in Fig. 2, is ExtX file system first block group structure distribution figure, ExtX(ext2, ext3, ext4) be default document form under linux system.TheSecondExtendedFileSystem(is called for short Ext2) file system is standard file system in early stage linux system, obtain by expanding the file system of Minix, Ext3 is a kind of Journaling File System, it is the expansion to Ext2 system, its compatible Ext2, and Ext4 is the expansion of Ext3, but the structure that it stores data there occurs great changes, directly results in it and support 1EB(1,048,576TB, 1EB=1024PB, file system 1PB=1024TB), and the file of 16TB.
The backup method of the preferred a kind of linux system of an embodiment of the present invention, first, uses CD as storage medium, CD makes a linux system as boot disk.This system comprises system partitioning order, and visualization component, system partitioning order for reduce linux system time disk partition is set, visualization component makes this embodiment have graphical operation interface, simply easy to operate.
Secondly, dd order is used to backup on CD by the Main Boot Record of main frame linux system and partition table, also need backup host linux system partitioned file, the main include file of main frame linux system subregion has: bin, dev, home, mnt, proc, root, sbin, sys, boot, etc, lib, opt, tmp and usr.
If boot is not arranged on MBR, and be mounted on the boot sector of subregion, also need the Master boot sector backing up subregion.
Linux system file backup, without the need to full backup, only needs backup operation system itself to need the file of backup.The file that must back up is: boot, etc, home, root, usr and var.If installed other external member in main frame linux system voluntarily, so opt preferably backed up.The database file of other services provided on linux system main frame also needs to back up.
Proc is recording the program run above current linux system, and these data not need backup.In addition, other the hard disk unit that has been all carry inside mnt or media, CD-ROM drive, floppy drive etc., these do not need backup yet.The system file backed up is not needed to have: dev, proc, mnt, media and tmp.
It should be noted that, this embodiment adopts CD as storage medium, and those skilled in the art are known, and excellent portable hard drive, floppy disk or USB flash disk also can be adopted as storage medium.In addition, the backup tool that this embodiment Backup Data uses is dd order, and those skilled in the art are known, and also adoptable backup tool has cpio, tar, dump, rsync or restore order.
The present invention is based on the linux system of above method to main frame to back up, when the collapse of main frame linux system can not guide time, by the boot disk access host of disc making, the linux system of main frame is repaired or resets.The also Main Boot Record of original host linux system and partition table, obtains disk size and user configured partitioned parameters.Call parted order to carry out arranging disk partition, and call corresponding mkfs subregion is formatd.After the linux system partitioned file backed up in CD is decompressed, stored in main frame linux system subregion.If also backup has other data except system file in CD, these data decompression are put in corresponding system partitioning, completion system data convert.
Although specifically show in conjunction with preferred embodiment and describe the present invention; but those skilled in the art should be understood that; not departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention that appended claims limits; can make a variety of changes the present invention in the form and details, be protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the backup method of a linux system, it is characterized in that: a storage medium is provided, and make a linux system on a storage medium, the Main Boot Record of main frame linux system and partition table are backuped in storage medium, also the file in main frame linux system subregion is carried out selective backup in storage medium, the file of selected backup comprises boot, etc, home, root, usr and var.
2. the backup method of linux system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: if the boot of main frame linux system is arranged on MBR, then backup in storage medium by the Main Boot Record of MBR; If the boot of main frame linux system is not arranged on MBR, and is mounted on the boot sector of subregion, then the Main Boot Record of the boot sector of subregion is backuped in storage medium.
3. the backup method of linux system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: backup carries out backup operation by backup tool, and backup tool comprises: dd, cpio, tar, dump, rsync or restore order.
4. the backup method of linux system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: storage medium is CD, portable hard drive, floppy disk or USB flash disk.
5. the backup method of linux system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the file of backup selected in linux system data also comprises opt and srv.
6. carry out a method of reducing for linux system based on the backup method of the arbitrary described linux system of the claims 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
By on the storage medium access host of the backup method gained based on the arbitrary described linux system of the claims 1 to 5;
Reduction Main Boot Record;
Disk partition is set and formats;
Also original host linux system partitioned file.
7. the method for reducing of linux system as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: use the disk partition of parted command set, and calls mkfs order and format subregion.
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105912426A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-08-31 | 浪潮(北京)电子信息产业有限公司 | K-UX operating system reduction method and system |
| CN106815098A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-06-09 | 杭州当虹科技有限公司 | Setting backup and the method and system for recovering based on linux system |
| CN106844105A (en) * | 2017-01-26 | 2017-06-13 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | A kind of Linux system backup and reduction method under USB flash disk guiding |
| CN107402849A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-11-28 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | A kind of method of backup and recovery based on K UX systems |
| CN108062261A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2018-05-22 | 中标软件有限公司 | A kind of method of the backup and reduction of Linux desktop operating systems |
| CN108776577A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-11-09 | 新华三技术有限公司成都分公司 | Disk management method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN109101287A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2018-12-28 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | A kind of industrial computer system storage organization and method |
| CN109101366A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-12-28 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | A kind of method and system of operating system backup and reduction based on Linux |
| CN110968457A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-04-07 | 湖南麒麟信安科技有限公司 | Backup restoration method, system and medium for Linux operating system |
| CN112052122A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-08 | 江苏云柜网络技术有限公司 | Linux system based backup and recovery system and method |
| CN112416657A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-02-26 | 成都傲梅科技有限公司 | System cloning method |
| CN114911530A (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-08-16 | 麒麟软件有限公司 | Manufacturing method of USB flash disk starting disk of linux operating system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105912426A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-08-31 | 浪潮(北京)电子信息产业有限公司 | K-UX operating system reduction method and system |
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| CN108062261A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2018-05-22 | 中标软件有限公司 | A kind of method of the backup and reduction of Linux desktop operating systems |
| CN106815098A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-06-09 | 杭州当虹科技有限公司 | Setting backup and the method and system for recovering based on linux system |
| CN106815098B (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2021-03-23 | 杭州当虹科技股份有限公司 | Method and system for setting backup and recovery based on Linux system |
| CN106844105A (en) * | 2017-01-26 | 2017-06-13 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | A kind of Linux system backup and reduction method under USB flash disk guiding |
| CN107402849B (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2020-11-27 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Backup and recovery method based on K-UX system |
| CN107402849A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-11-28 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | A kind of method of backup and recovery based on K UX systems |
| CN108776577A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-11-09 | 新华三技术有限公司成都分公司 | Disk management method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN109101366A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-12-28 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | A kind of method and system of operating system backup and reduction based on Linux |
| CN109101287A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2018-12-28 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | A kind of industrial computer system storage organization and method |
| CN110968457A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-04-07 | 湖南麒麟信安科技有限公司 | Backup restoration method, system and medium for Linux operating system |
| CN112052122A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-08 | 江苏云柜网络技术有限公司 | Linux system based backup and recovery system and method |
| CN112416657A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-02-26 | 成都傲梅科技有限公司 | System cloning method |
| CN114911530A (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-08-16 | 麒麟软件有限公司 | Manufacturing method of USB flash disk starting disk of linux operating system |
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