CN1053097C - 用于脊柱植入装置的可变角度螺钉 - Google Patents

用于脊柱植入装置的可变角度螺钉 Download PDF

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CN1053097C
CN1053097C CN93103170A CN93103170A CN1053097C CN 1053097 C CN1053097 C CN 1053097C CN 93103170 A CN93103170 A CN 93103170A CN 93103170 A CN93103170 A CN 93103170A CN 1053097 C CN1053097 C CN 1053097C
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eyebolt
bone screw
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rods
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C·E·苏特林
R·B·阿什曼
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Medtronic Sofamor Danek Inc
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7035—Screws or hooks, wherein a rod-clamping part and a bone-anchoring part can pivot relative to each other
    • A61B17/7038—Screws or hooks, wherein a rod-clamping part and a bone-anchoring part can pivot relative to each other to a different extent in different directions, e.g. within one plane only
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7049—Connectors, not bearing on the vertebrae, for linking longitudinal elements together
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7002—Longitudinal elements, e.g. rods
    • A61B17/7011—Longitudinal element being non-straight, e.g. curved, angled or branched
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7041—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae with single longitudinal rod offset laterally from single row of screws or hooks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7049—Connectors, not bearing on the vertebrae, for linking longitudinal elements together
    • A61B17/7052—Connectors, not bearing on the vertebrae, for linking longitudinal elements together of variable angle or length
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7055—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant connected to sacrum, pelvis or skull
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor

Abstract

一种用于在脊柱植入装置中将脊椎骨固定构件连接到靠近病人脊柱伸展的脊柱杆上的可变角度骨螺钉装置包括具有带螺纹杆部的有眼螺栓、可套在该带螺纹杆部上的垫圈、包括使有眼螺栓的杆部能从顶上装入的轭形头部的骨螺钉、和跟有眼螺栓的带螺纹杆部接合并跟其协同将骨螺钉和垫圈夹紧在其间的螺母。骨螺钉的头部上和垫圈上包括用于阻止骨螺钉围绕所述带螺纹杆部的轴线摆动但又使骨螺钉能与垫圈锁定在可变角度取向上的交叉锁定装置。

Description

用于脊柱植入装置的可变角度螺钉
本发明涉及脊柱植入装置的领域，涉及采用脊柱杆通过各种不同的如脊柱螺钉的固定构件在沿着脊柱的不同位置上进行连接的类型的脊柱植入装置，具体涉及一种可进行可变角度调节的脊柱螺钉固定构件。
经已开发了几种用于矫正和稳定脊柱曲线以及促进脊栓融合的装置。在一种装置中，一根可弯曲的杆靠近脊柱纵向设置，并通过多个固定构件沿着脊柱的长度固定到不同的脊椎骨上。可以提供各种各样的固定构件，诸如设计成跟脊椎骨的各种特定部份接合的形状的卡子或骨螺钉。
一种这类装置的实例是丹内克医学公司的商标为TSRH的脊柱装置。在此装置中，卡子或螺钉通过有眼螺栓接合到脊柱杆上。在本领域中众所周知，有眼螺栓套在脊柱杆上并卡住在形成在固定卡子或螺钉的头部的轭形装置内。在有眼螺栓的带螺纹杆上拧入一个螺母来将轭形件夹持住并提供一个三点抗剪切夹持力来将卡子或螺钉构件可靠地锁定在脊柱固定杆上。TSRH脊柱植入装置的细节公开在丹内克医学公司在1990年出版的‘外科技术手册’中，其公开内容通过引证结合到本申请文件中。
使用这种脊柱植入装置的外科医生的目的是将脊椎骨固定构件(卡子与/或螺钉)在合适的解剖位置上施用到脊柱上，然后将每个固定构件接合到脊柱杆上。一当脊柱植入装置装配好以后，就可以对解剖学的变形进行矫正并将脊柱稳定住。为使手术给病人带来最小的创伤，重要的是所使用的装置比较容易装设。此外，非常希望所用装置的骨螺钉固定构件能够进行三维调整以有利于在脊柱上获致最好的固定位置。理想的情况是，提供这样的调整的机构应当设计成使之在安装脊柱杆时不会产生过份的困难或损害装置的整体刚性。
经已在脊柱植入装置中采用各种机构来提供三维调节的能力。授予Harms等人的美国专利4,946,458公开了一个设有一种球窝型式的装置来使骨螺钉相对于其容纳件形成角度的椎弓根螺钉。
授予Gotzen等人的美国专利4,622,365描述了一种采用刻有径向槽的交叉接合构件来改变骨螺钉的角度取向的外部骨固定器。但是，这样装置用在内固定到脊柱上就显得过于笨重和复杂。
授予Krag等人的美国专利4,987,892公开了一种脊柱固定装置，这种固定装置采用具有刻有径向槽的头部的椎弓根螺钉，所述刻有槽的头部跟一体成形在铰接夹子上的径向槽或齿交叉接合，铰接夹子则夹持住一根稳定杆。铰接夹子装置要求其径向槽相对于稳定杆偏置。这样的偏置会产生对准问题，如果不是不可能的话，至少是很难让螺钉在一个垂直于稳定杆的轴线的平面上实现角度转动。此外，Krag等人的装置要求给椎弓根螺钉配备特殊形状的铰接夹子。如果要将卡子、交联件或其它固定构件连接到稳定杆上，就需要不同构形的杆连接构件。这就使整个结构和安装方法不利地复杂化。Krag等人的装置的另一个难点是，它不是一种敞口式设计。换句话说，铰接夹子必须在插入前接合在杆上。相反，一个较有利的设计应允许脊柱落入螺钉连接件内。
授予Kluger的德国专利32 19 575 C2公开了一种脊柱植入装置，这种植入装置借助于其上装有一个骨螺钉的角件上的交叉梳状片接触表面的相对还动来提供骨螺钉的角度调整。这种装置结构复杂，因为需要用分立的调整装置来调整骨螺钉的角度取向和固定骨螺钉相对于角件的位置以及骨螺钉相互之间的位置。骨销钉在一个垂直于脊柱杆的平面上的任何旋转调整都会改变销钉之间的距离，这就要进一步调整套筒螺母。此外，这种装置只限于使用在同一根杆上仅需要两个销钉或其它固定构件的场合。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供一种用于一个脊柱植入装置中来将一个脊椎骨固定构件连接到一个靠近病人的脊柱伸展的脊柱杆上的可变角度骨螺钉装置。在一个优选实施例中，这种装置的特征在于一个有眼螺栓，该有眼螺栓包括有一个其上形成有一个用于容纳穿过其中的脊柱杆的通道的头部，该有眼螺栓还包括有一个从头部沿着一条垂直于脊柱杆的轴线伸展并与其相交的带螺纹杆部。还设有一个具有一个头部和一个拧入一个脊椎骨的一个部份的带螺纹体干的骨螺钉。此外，还设有一个具有用于安装到有眼螺栓上的装置的垫圈，此安装装置用于阻止垫圈相对于有眼螺栓的带螺纹杆部的轴线发生转动。骨螺钉的头部上和垫圈上都包含有用于制止骨螺钉围绕有眼螺栓的带螺纹杆部的轴线摆动而又使骨螺钉能够锁定在可变的任何角度取向上的交叉(interdigitating)锁定装置。这种装置还具有一个用于跟有眼螺栓的带螺纹杆部接合的螺母，从而使骨螺钉和垫圈在螺母在有眼螺栓的带螺纹杆部上拧紧时被夹紧在有眼螺栓头部与螺母之间。
因此，本发明的目的在于提供一种改进的脊栓植入装置。
本发明的另一目的和优点在于提供一种允许骨螺钉固定构件实现三维调整而不会给装置的总体设计带来不希望有的复杂化或使脊柱杆安装困难的改进的脊柱植入装置。
本发明的再一个目的在于提供一种具有上述优点并提供所有螺钉、卡子、及交联件的脊柱杆连接件都可以制成带有一个通用的有眼螺栓连接机构的进一步的优点的改进的脊柱植入装置。
本发明的又另一个目的在于提供一种可变角度螺钉从顶上装入的可能性。螺钉的敞口式构形允许例如先将螺钉拧入椎弓根内，然后借助于按本发明设计的有眼螺栓随着接合到一个合适地构形的脊柱杆上。
本发明的有关目的和优点通过参看下面的附图和详细说明就可变得更加清楚。在附图中：
图1是一个带有一个装有本发明的可变角度骨螺钉的植入装置的脊柱的截段的后视图；
图2是本发明的可变角度骨螺钉的正视图；
图3是可变角度骨螺钉组件的垫圈的正视图；
图4是图3所示垫圈的透视图；
图5是示出可变角度螺钉组件装在一根脊柱杆上的截段透视图；
图6是示出可变角度螺钉组件通过一个横向偏置连接件安装在一根脊柱杆上的截段透视图。
为了促进对本发明的原理的理解，现在将结合附图并用专门的语言对本发明的实施例进行描述。但应当理解到这并不意味着是本发明的范围限制，本领域的技术人员可对本发明申请文件所描述的和示出的装置作出改变和进一步改进，以及对本发明的原理作出进一步应用，但这些都应属于本发明的范围内。
现在详细参阅附图，图1示出总的以标号11标示的、安装了一个脊柱植入装置10的骨盆和脊柱的一部份。装置10包括一组四根脊柱杆，其中两根-杆12与13-以其下端固定在骶骨上，而其它的两根-杆14与16-则沿着脊柱向上伸展。沿着杆14与16在分隔开的位置上采用多个骨螺钉与/或卡子来将脊柱杆连接到脊椎骨上、最好是连接到锥弓根上。此外，杆12与13上连接有调距连杆、螺钉与/或卡子，所有这些都通过有眼螺栓夹紧到脊柱杆上。例如，确定杆12与13之间的在连杆位置的间距的调距连杆17是通过有眼螺栓18与19分别固定到杆12与13上的。杆14通过固定构件15连接到脊柱上。
根据多种因素，所采用的脊柱固定构件可以是一种卡子类型的构件或者是一个骨螺钉。如果用卡子作为固定构件，卡子可以设计成诸如在1990年2月1日由美国田纳西州孟菲斯市的丹内克医学公司出版的TSRH脊柱植入装置的丹内克外科技术手册第6至10页示出和描述的各种形状和尺寸。所有螺钉、卡子和调距连杆，当跟在该手册中描述的有眼螺栓结合使用时，都具有共同的‘三点抗剪切’夹持特性。但应当理解到，现有的诸如描述在该手册的6至10页上的TSRH脊柱植入装置不能够改变其相对于脊柱杆轴线的角度取向。
现具体参看图2，图中示出本发明的可变角度骨螺钉20的一个优选结构。这种螺钉20具有一个头部21和一个带螺纹体干。在一个优选实施例中，体干22制有螺纹来跟一个脊椎骨的椎弓根接合。头部21呈U形，形成一个开口轭23来容纳一个有眼螺栓的带螺纹杆部。开口轭23给螺钉20提供了一种有利的顶上装入的特点。在头部21的一侧上成形有一系列的径向伸展的齿或槽24。在优选实施例中，每个槽24占6°弧。螺钉20的直径最好是5.5和6.5mm，长度最好在25到50mm的范围内。
图3与4示出可变角度垫圈25。在该垫圈25的一侧上成形有一系列的径向伸展的齿或槽27，这些齿或槽27成形成跟相应的螺钉20上的槽24交叉接合。在垫圈25的另一侧上成形有一对在轴向上对准的、部份圆柱形的凹槽28，这些凹槽28在垫圈装到脊柱杆上时将脊柱杆容纳在其内。在垫圈25内的通孔30呈矩形并且其尺寸设计成使垫圈25能够以精密滑动配合套装在有眼螺栓的头部上。
图5示出装在一根脊柱杆16上的可变角度螺钉20、垫圈25和有眼螺栓/锁紧螺母组件26。该有眼螺栓/锁紧螺母组件26包括有眼螺栓26a和锁紧螺母26b。该有眼螺栓/锁紧螺母组件是一种常规公知脊柱杆紧固件，最好是由丹内克医学公司提供的、跟丹内克TSRH脊柱植入装置一起使用的、编号为808-029的1/4英寸有眼螺栓/锁紧螺母组件。有眼螺栓26a放置在沿着杆16的一个所要求的位置上，垫圈25在带螺纹杆部31上方安装在有眼螺栓26a上，使得垫圈25包围着有眼螺栓头部32并贴靠着杆16将其容纳在凹槽28内以提供一个可靠地将有眼螺栓26a在杆16上的位置固定住的轭夹紧力。在此状态下，槽27从头部32伸出一个足够的距离，因此，藉着槽24与27的交叉接触使骨螺钉20的头部21可以按任何一个所要求的角度取向来放置而不会跟头部32发生干涉。骨螺钉20的轭形头部21使有眼螺栓26a的杆部31可以从顶上装入螺钉20上而不会像如上述的Krag等人的专利US4,987,892所描述的现有装置那样必须将螺钉或脊柱杆操作成使有眼螺栓的杆部穿过螺钉的封闭的孔。将一个锁紧螺母26b拧到带螺纹杆部31上直到螺母跟螺钉20的头部的无刻槽一侧接触上。随着螺母26b拧紧，它将螺钉20和垫圈25推向脊柱杆16，因而将杆16以三点抗剪切夹持方式夹紧在有眼螺栓26a与垫圈25之间。
由于垫圈25与螺钉20之间的交叉接合，杆轴线A与螺钉轴线B之间的角度取向就可以按要求来改变，并且不再需要使脊柱杆弯曲来适应不是垂直的角度。此外，可变角度螺钉20可以使用跟用于安装诸如卡子和调距连杆的其它固定构件的相同的有眼螺栓紧固件来装到脊柱杆上，从而减少了零件的品种并且简化了安装过程。除了可以通过交叉槽的相对转动来改变螺钉20在一个平行于杆的平面上的角度取向之外，还可以通过相对于脊柱杆来摆动有眼螺栓的带螺纹杆部来改变螺钉20在一个横向于杆的轴线的平面上的角度取向。
除了直接安装到有眼螺栓/锁紧螺母组件26上以外，本发明的可变角度螺钉还可以安装到一种公开在1991年12月4日提出申请的。发明名称为‘用于脊柱植入装置的横向偏置连接件’的美国专利申请07/803,325中的那种类型的横向偏置连接件，此申请文件通过引证结合到本申请中。图6示出一个通过一个有眼螺栓/锁紧螺母组件26安装到一根脊柱杆16上的偏置连接件40。该连接件40包括有一对用作一个轭来夹持住有眼螺栓26并阻止它沿杆16移动的臂45。垫圈25和可变角度螺钉20安装到一个具有一个用来接纳垫圈的矩形部份和一个从其上伸出的带螺纹柱42的操纵部份。垫圈25也可以不作为一个分立构件而将其上的径向槽在该带螺纹柱42的根部一体形成在连接件40上。锁紧螺母43将骨螺钉20固定就位。螺钉20相对于杆16的横向偏置量可以通过杆16有选择地定位在一对对准的沟槽44内来有选择地进行调整，从而适应在前后向平面上的脊柱的异常侧向弯曲。
从上面的描述就会清楚，本发明提供一种可以接合在一个脊椎骨的椎弓根内并随后固定到一个修复脊柱杆上而不需要像现有的同样装置那样要求过多的操作处置的可变角度螺钉。本发明的脊柱螺钉20将顶上装入的特点跟与脊柱杆交叉接合的能力结合起来以适应螺钉相对于脊柱杆的各种不同角度。
虽然本发明结合附图进行了详细描述，但是这些附图与描述应视为说明性质的而不是限制性质的，应当理解到只示出及描述了优选实施例，所有在本发明的精神的范围内的改变和改进都属于本发明要求保护的范围。例如，在一个特殊实施例中，可以诸如通过将一个卡圈锻压在带螺纹杆部31上而将垫圈25卡留在有眼螺栓26a上。这样，垫圈25就可以松动地卡留在有眼螺栓上，直到其带槽表面跟骨螺钉20的相应带槽表面接合上为止。将垫圈卡留在有眼螺栓上就减少了在植入过程中必须操纵的散件的数目。

Claims (17)

1.一种用于脊柱植入装置中将脊椎骨固定构件连接到一根靠近病人的脊柱伸展的脊柱杆上的可变角度骨螺钉装置，它包含有一个具有一个头部和一个适于拧进一个所要求的脊椎骨固定部位的带螺纹体干的骨螺钉，其特征在于这种可变角度骨螺钉装置还包含有：
一个有眼螺栓，该有眼螺栓包括有一个其上形成有一个用于容纳穿过其中的所述脊柱杆的通道的头部，该有眼螺栓还包括有一个从该头部沿着一条垂直于该脊柱杆的轴线伸展并与其相交的带螺纹杆部；
一个垫圈，该垫圈具有用于安装到该有眼螺栓上的装置，该安装装置阻止该垫圈相对于有眼螺栓的带螺纹杆部的轴线发生转动；所述骨螺钉的头部和该垫圈包括有用于制止该螺钉围绕该有眼螺栓的带螺纹杆部的轴线摆动但又使骨螺钉跟垫圈能够锁定在可变的任何角度取向上的交叉锁定装置；和
一个螺母，该螺母用于跟该有眼螺栓的该带螺纹杆部接合，从而使该骨螺钉和该垫圈在该螺母在该有眼螺栓的该带螺纹杆部上拧紧时被夹紧在该有眼螺栓的头部与该螺母之间。
2.按权利要求1所述的可变角度骨螺钉装置，其特征在于，所述垫圈包括有设置来在脊柱杆被夹紧在所述有眼螺栓的头部与所述螺母之间时跟脊柱杆接触的带弧形的凹槽。
3.按权利要求1所述的可变角度骨螺钉装置，其特征在于所述骨螺钉的头部包括有一个形成一个用于容纳该有眼螺栓的带螺纹杆部的开口以使有眼螺栓能够从顶上装到该骨螺钉上的轭形部份。
4.按权利要求1所述的可变角度骨螺钉装置，其特征在于所述垫圈的所述固定装置包括有一个形成在该垫圈上的矩形通孔，该通孔的尺寸设计成使所述有眼螺栓的头部能够精密地容纳在其内。
5.按权利要求1所述的可变角度骨螺钉装置，其特征在于骨螺钉的所述带螺纹体干包括有构形成跟一个脊椎骨的椎弓根接合的螺纹。
6.一种脊柱植入装置，它包含多个具有一个头部和一个适于拧进一个脊椎骨构件的带螺纹体干，其特征在于这种脊柱植入装置还包含有：
至少一根适于靠近病人的脊柱伸展的脊柱杆；
多个有眼螺栓/锁紧螺母组件；
多个用于将在所述脊柱上的多个脊椎骨构件通过所述有眼螺栓/锁紧螺母组件连接到所述至少一根脊柱杆上的卡子与螺钉；每个所述有眼螺栓/锁紧螺母组件具有一个包括有其上形成有一个用于容纳穿过其中的脊柱杆的通道的头部的有眼螺栓，所述有眼螺栓还包括有一个从该头部沿着一条垂直于该脊柱杆的轴线伸展并与其相交的带螺纹杆部，该组件还包括有一个用于与该带螺纹的杆部接合的锁紧螺母；
多个具有一个用于安装到所述有眼螺栓上的装置的垫圈，该安装装置阻止该垫圈相对于有眼螺栓的带螺纹杆部的轴线发生转动；所述骨螺钉的头部和该垫圈包括有用于制止该骨螺钉圈绕该有眼螺栓的带螺纹杆部的轴线摆动但又使骨螺钉跟垫圈能够锁定在可变的任何角度取向上的交叉锁定装置，从而使该骨螺钉和该垫圈在该锁紧螺母在该有眼螺栓的该带螺纹杆部上拧紧时被夹紧在该有眼螺栓的头部与该锁紧螺母之间。
7.按权利要求6所述的脊柱植入装置，其特征在于所述垫圈的所述安装装置包括有一个形成在该垫圈上的矩形通孔，该通孔的尺寸设计成使所述垫圈能够精密地套装在该有眼螺栓的头部上。
8.按权利要求7所述的脊柱植入装置，其特征在于所述骨螺钉的头部包括有一个形成一个用于容纳该有眼螺栓的带螺纹杆部的开口以使有眼螺栓能够从顶上装到骨螺钉上的轭形部份。
9.按权利要求8所述的脊柱枢入装置，其特征在于所述垫圈包括有设置来在脊柱杆被夹紧在所述有眼螺栓的头部与所述螺母之间时跟脊柱杆接触的带弧形凹槽。
10.按权利要求6所述的脊柱植入装置，其特征在于所述骨螺钉的所述带螺纹体干包括有构形成跟一个脊椎骨的椎弓根接合的螺纹。
11.一种用于在脊柱植入装置中将脊椎骨固定构件连接到一根靠近病人的脊柱伸展的脊柱杆上的可变角度骨螺钉装置，它包含一个具有一个头部和一个适于拧进一个所要求的脊椎骨固定部位的带螺纹体干的骨螺钉，其特征在于这种可变角度骨螺钉装置还包含有：
一个有眼螺栓，该有眼螺栓包括有一个其上形成有一个用于容纳穿过其中的所述脊柱杆的通道的头部，该有眼螺栓还包括有一个从该头部沿着一条垂直于该脊柱杆的轴线伸展并与其相交的带螺纹杆部；
一个用于将该有眼螺栓固定安装到脊柱杆上的轭形夹紧装置，
一个与骨螺钉相联系的交叉锁定装置，该交叉锁定装置用于阻止该骨螺钉围绕该有眼螺栓的带螺纹杆部的轴线摆动但又使该骨螺钉跟该轭形夹紧装置锁定在可变的任何角度取向上；和
一个螺母，该螺母用于跟该有眼螺栓的带螺纹杆部接合，从而使该骨螺钉和该轭形夹紧装置在该螺母在该有眼螺栓的带螺纹杆部上拧紧时被夹紧在该有眼螺栓的头部与该螺母之间。
12.按权利要求11所述的可变角度骨螺钉装置，其特征在于所述轭形夹紧装置是一个具有对准的带弧形的凹槽的垫圈。
13.按权利要求11所述的可变角度骨螺钉装置，其特征在于所述轭形夹紧装置包括有一个用于横向偏置所述骨螺钉相对于所述脊柱杆的位置的横向偏置连接件。
14.按权利要求13所述的可变角度骨螺钉装置，其特征在于所述横向偏置连接件包括有一对横向伸展的臂。
15.按权利要求11所述的可变角度骨螺钉装置，其特征在于所述交叉锁定装置包括有多个设置在所述垫圈上和所述骨螺钉上的、相互啮合的、径向伸展的、彼此分隔开的槽。
16.按权利要求1所述的可变角度骨螺钉装置，其特征在于所述交叉锁定装置包括有多个设置在所述垫圈上和所述骨螺钉上的、相互啮合的、径向伸展的、彼此分隔开的槽。
17.按权利要求6所述的脊柱植入装置，其特征在于所述交叉锁定装置包括有多个设置在所述垫圈上和所述骨螺钉上的、相互啮合的、径向伸展的、彼此分隔开的槽。
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CN1084381A (zh) 1994-03-30
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AU656061B2 (en) 1995-01-19
KR970707717A (ko) 1997-12-01
AU3606993A (en) 1993-09-03
EP0626836A1 (en) 1994-12-07
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DE69326885D1 (de) 1999-12-02
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ATE185965T1 (de) 1999-11-15
CA2129749C (en) 1999-12-28
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CA2129749A1 (en) 1993-08-19
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KR0129404B1 (ko) 1998-04-04
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US5261909A (en) 1993-11-16
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EP0626836B1 (en) 1999-10-27
HK1005684A1 (en) 1999-01-22

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