CN105356610A - Configuration method of distribution automation terminal of intelligent power distribution network - Google Patents

Configuration method of distribution automation terminal of intelligent power distribution network Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105356610A
CN105356610A CN201510844239.1A CN201510844239A CN105356610A CN 105356610 A CN105356610 A CN 105356610A CN 201510844239 A CN201510844239 A CN 201510844239A CN 105356610 A CN105356610 A CN 105356610A
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China
Prior art keywords
block
distribution network
switch
time
intelligent distribution
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CN201510844239.1A
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Inventor
成乐祥
李子韵
陈庭记
王自桢
黄映
李晨
徐荆州
肖光旭
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
Nanjing Power Supply Co of Jiangsu Electric Power Co
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
Nanjing Power Supply Co of Jiangsu Electric Power Co
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Priority to CN201510844239.1A priority Critical patent/CN105356610A/en
Publication of CN105356610A publication Critical patent/CN105356610A/en
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications

Abstract

The invention relates to a configuration method of a distribution automation terminal. The method includes: firstly, an optimization objective function is established, positions of to-be-installed switches are encoded, the optimization objective function is regarded as a fitness function, an initial population including a plurality of individuals is randomly generated, the fitness function of each individual is calculated, the fitness of the individual is obtained, and the individual with the lowest fitness in the initial population is finally found as the optimal individual; the next generation of population is obtained via selection, crossover, and mutation operation of the initial population, the fitness function of each individual is calculated, and the individual with the lowest fitness in the population is obtained as the optimal individual of the population; and if the mutual differences between the fitnesses of the optimal individuals of 10 continuous generations of populations are all less than a preset threshold, automation terminal configuration of the intelligent power distribution network is accomplished. According to the method, the economy and reliability of the configuration of switches and the distribution automation terminal of the intelligent power distribution network can be optimal.

Description

The distribution power automation terminal collocation method of intelligent distribution network
Technical field
The present invention relates to distribution power automation terminal collocation method in the planning of a kind of intelligent distribution network, belong to Distribution Automation Technology field.
Background technology
Power distribution automation is based on power distribution network rack and equipment, take electrical power distribution automatization system as core, comprehensive utilization communication, realizes the monitor and forecast to power distribution network, and by the information integerated with related application system, realize the scientific management of distribution system.Distribution power automation terminal (also claiming " distribution terminal ") is installed on the various remote monitorings at medium voltage distribution network scene, the general name of control unit, and the application of distribution terminal mainly contains on-pole switch, switchgear house, ring-main unit, distribution transformer etc.Power distribution automation improves power supply reliability and power supply quality, and realizing the important means that power distribution network economical and efficient runs, is the important component part of intelligent distribution network.But current research mainly concentrates on the aspect such as device fabrication, feeder automation control mode, system communication of power distribution automation, all less to the investigation and application of how to distribute distribution power automation terminal rationally.
Distribution power automation terminal is distributed rationally and is referred to according to parameters such as given network configuration, device parameter, load level, reliability requirements, determine installation site and the type of optimum distribution terminal and a switch, i.e. the installation site of block switch, interconnection switch and user demarcation switch and distribution terminal thereof and type.Block switch refers to the switch on a distribution line main channel, circuit can be divided into some sections by it, reduces loss of outage, owing to being on a circuit, so when electric substation's switch has a power failure, cannot carry out load transfer plan power by block switch; Block switch can install have remote measurement, remote signaling function " two is distant " power distribution automation monitor terminal (hereinafter referred to as two distant terminals) or possess remote measurement, remote signalling, " three is distant " power distribution automation monitor terminal (hereinafter referred to as three distant terminals) of distant control function or uneasy assembling electric terminals.Coupled together by switch by two distribution lines, can realize turning confession between load, this switch being used for connection two distribution lines is just named " interconnection switch "; Three distant terminals generally installed by interconnection switch.Be installed on subscriber's drop side, the switch for user-isolated internal fault is called " user demarcation switch "; User demarcation switch generally adopts circuit breaker or the fuse automatism isolation user internal fault of belt current defencive function, specifically can install two distant terminals or three distant terminals according to customer charge failure frequency and significance level in conjunction with primary equipment type.
Scientific and reasonable terminal configuration under certain investment, can realize automatic fault isolation and automatically recovers, and reduces power failure range, obtains optimum power supply reliability and promotes, manifest the maximum service efficiency of fund.In the configuration of distribution power automation terminal, Southern Power Grid Company and State Grid Corporation of China have put into effect " distribution network automated planning directive/guide " and " distribution automation planning designing technique directive/guide " in succession.Specify in directive/guide, according to factors such as the distributions of existing network configuration, reliability requirement, on-pole switch and ring-main unit, need clearly need the position and the quantity that install two distant terminals or three distant terminals additional.To key node, as backbone interconnection switch, necessary block switch, switchyard, ring-main unit and switchgear house that line is more, should configure three distant terminals; To general node, as branch switch, without the end stations room got in touch with, two distant terminals should be configured.But in specific operation process, owing to having nothing in common with each other in the aspects such as network configuration, device parameter, load level, reliability requirement, planning personnel is difficult to the configuration result finding a total optimization.
Summary of the invention
The present invention wants technical solution problem to be: the shortcoming overcoming above-mentioned technology, the collocation method of distribution power automation terminal in a kind of intelligent distribution network is provided, the configuration of the switch in intelligent distribution network and distribution power automation terminal can be made to meet economy for the method and reliability is all optimum, and the reliability that can be issued to intelligent distribution network in the prerequisite that intended investment is constant is best.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention proposes is: a kind of distribution power automation terminal collocation method of intelligent distribution network, comprises the following steps:
The first step, the optimization object function establishing predetermined intelligent distribution network are minC a=min (C g+ C m+ C l), C in formula awhat represent programme waits year value total cost, C grepresent the year value expense such as first and second equipment investment, C mrepresent annual operating cost, C lrepresent the failure costs caused that has a power failure every year;
Wherein, C G = C G 1 + C G 2 = N · P F ( 1 + i ) S · i ( 1 + i ) S - 1 + ( N 2 · P S 2 + N 3 · P S 3 ) ( 1 + i ) S · i ( 1 + i ) S - 1 , C in formula g1what represent on-load switch investment waits year value expense, C g2represent distribution power automation terminal and affiliated facility investment wait year be worth expense, N is block switch quantity, N 2and N 3be respectively two distant terminals and three distant terminal quantities, P ffor the time-adjusted investment unit price of block switch, P s2be two distant terminal time-adjusted investment unit prices, P s3be three distant terminal time-adjusted investment unit prices, S represents Economic Life, and i is rate of return on investment;
C m=C gα, in formula, α is the ratio that operation and maintenance cost accounts for investment;
in formula, NC is the quantity of load point in described intelligent distribution network, 1≤j≤NC, P jfor the average load of load point j, TOFF jfor the annual interruption duration of load point j, C lthe average interruption cost of j unit quantity of electricity that () is load point j;
Second step, employing genetic algorithm solve described optimization object function, and obtain the allocation optimum scheme of distribution power automation terminal, concrete grammar is as follows:
1) according to the topological structure of described intelligent distribution network, is encoded in the position of all switches to be installed;
2) using described optimization object function as fitness function, according to the topological structure of described intelligent distribution network, the length of every bar circuit in described intelligent distribution network, the position of switch to be installed, the size of load and distribution, the failure rate of circuit and transformer, annual fault correction time, unit loss of outage, duration of service, switch and distribution power automation terminal investment, the initial population P (0) of a random generation several body, judge whether the allocation plan of each individuality in population P (0) meets constraints, if meet constraints, then calculate the fitness function of this individuality, obtain the fitness of this individuality, and the individuality that in finally finding population P (0), fitness is minimum is the optimum individual of this population,
3) population P (t) is passed through selection, crossover and mutation computing, obtain population P (t+1) of future generation, first judge whether the allocation plan of population P (t+1) each individuality meets constraints, if meet constraints, then calculate the fitness function of this individuality, obtain the fitness of this individuality, and the individuality that in finally finding population P (t+1), fitness is minimum is the optimum individual of this population; Wherein t be more than or equal to 0 integer; Selection in the present embodiment, crossover and mutation computing are the prior art in genetic algorithm, repeat no more.
The value of t+1 is assigned to t, then repeated execution of steps 3), if continuous 10 generation population optimum individual fitness between mutual difference be all less than predetermined threshold value, then the optimum individual finding fitness minimum namely complete described intelligent distribution network automatization terminal configuration;
Described constraints comprises quality of voltage constraint and Line overload constraint, wherein said quality of voltage constraint refers to that the magnitude of voltage at each switch place in described intelligent distribution network is between the Minimum Acceptable Value and threshold limit value of this switch place predeterminated voltage, and the current value that described Line overload is constrained to each branch road in described intelligent distribution network meets the safety electric flow valuve being less than this branch road and presetting.
Transformer in the present invention in load point and described intelligent distribution network, described predetermined threshold value preferably 10 -5~ 10 -7.
According to the topological structure of described intelligent distribution network, time coding in the position of all switches to be installed, the allocation plan of switch is preferably represented by a gene position, represent the allocation plan of distribution power automation terminal by another one gene position, two gene position are combined the configuration mode of the position of the switch, expression one place.
In addition, when isolating fault outage block and carrying out switching manipulation, if three distant terminals installed by switch to be operated, then the Fault Isolation time has been the operate time of this switch; If two distant terminals installed by switch to be operated, then the Fault Isolation time has been the time of default manual manual operation switch; If switch place to be operated does not install distribution terminal, then the Fault Isolation time is the default fault zone time of searching add default manual manual operation switch's time.
The further improvement of technique scheme is: described constraints also comprises reliability constraint, described reliability constraint refers to that the reliability index of every individual corresponding allocation plan is greater than default least reliability index, and described reliability index comprises the reliability index of each load point and the reliability index of intelligent distribution network; Wherein the computational methods of the reliability index of the allocation plan that this individuality is corresponding are as follows:
(1) according to the position relationship with block switch, interconnection switch and user demarcation switch, some pieces are divided into the circuit of described intelligent distribution network, and all blocks are numbered, its equivalent fault rate and equivalent annual fault outage time are calculated respectively to each block; In the present embodiment, piecemeal is carried out to the circuit of described intelligent distribution network and be prior art to the method that block is numbered, can reference papers: Liu Bai private etc., the reliability assessment block algorithm [J] of Complex Medium Voltage Electrical Distribution, " Proceedings of the CSEE ", 2005,25 (4): 40-45; Certainly, the method for partition in other pertinent literatures and method for numbering serial are also applicable to the present invention.
(2) in units of block, ask for the minimum path of each block to the transformer station outlet place block corresponding with this block respectively, obtain the main minimal path of this block;
(3) in units of block, ask for each block respectively to the minimum path that turn for circuit place block corresponding with this block, obtain turning of this block and supply minimal path;
(4) reliability index of each block is calculated successively, specific as follows: in units of block, to enumerate fault outage event, according to fault outage block and treat reliability assessment block relative position relation between the two, supply on minimal path with turning if fault outage block is in the main minimal path treating reliability assessment block, then the fault outage time is fault correction time; Treat on the main minimal path of reliability assessment block if fault outage block is only in, then the fault outage time is the isolation time of fault outage block or closing the time of interconnection switch; If fault outage block is not on the main minimal path treating reliability assessment block, then the fault outage time is the isolation time of fault outage block, and wherein fault outage block is isolated according to the maximum non-faulting power supply interrupted district of recovery and minimum switching manipulation principle;
(5) calculate the reliability index of each load point and the reliability index of intelligent distribution network, the reliability index of described load point comprises the failure rate of this load point, average idle time and on average stops transport the duration; The reliability index of described intelligent distribution network comprises the System average interruption duration of intelligent distribution network and the power supply reliability of intelligent distribution network, and circular is as follows:
1) reliability index of load point j:
1a, failure rate in formula: λ iit is the failure rate of block i; I breaks down the set of all pieces that load point j will be caused to have a power failure;
1b, average idle time in formula: r ifor mean failure rate recovery time or the mean failure rate isolation time of block i;
1c, on average to stop transport the duration r j = U j λ j = Σ i ∈ I λ i r i Σ i ∈ I λ i ;
2) reliability index of intelligent distribution network:
The System average interruption duration of 2a, intelligent distribution network n in formula jfor the number of users of load point j;
The power supply reliability of 2b, intelligent distribution network A S A I = Σ j = 1 N C 8760 N j - Σ j = 1 N C N j TOFF j Σ j = 1 N C 8760 N j .
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention is with distribution terminal and a switchgear investment cost, operating cost and fault outage failure costs sum minimum be target function, consider power supply reliability demand, voltage constraint and safe current constraint, can according to different network configurations, device parameter, the physical conditions such as load level, global optimization configuration is carried out to No. time switch of in power distribution network and distribution power automation terminal, determine installation site and the Setup Type of a switchgear and distribution power automation terminal in 10kV power distribution network, thus realize power distribution network investment, the total optimization of operation and fault outage failure costs, reach maximizing the benefits.
The present invention not only may be used for distributing rationally of newly-built Intelligent power distribution network, and the reliability being issued to intelligent distribution network in the prerequisite that investment is fixing is best, and can be optimized existing Intelligent power distribution network, and now, No. one time switchgear is constant, as long as by C g1be set to 0 or definite value, method of the present invention can be used to configure different distribution power automation terminals at position of the switch place.
It should be noted that in addition, all presetting or predefined parameter in the present invention, the safety electric flow valuve etc. that such as predetermined threshold value or branch road are preset, be that intelligent distribution network or switch arrange based on fail safe or reliability, this is the parameter that system itself provides, the present invention uses these parameters to be only used to distribute rationally, does not carry out any change or correction to it.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of intelligent distribution network in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
The present embodiment carries out automatization terminal configuration with the intelligent distribution network shown in Fig. 1, and the distribution power automation terminal collocation method of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:
The first step, the optimization object function establishing predetermined intelligent distribution network are minC a=min (C g+ C m+ C l), C in formula awhat represent programme waits year value total cost, C grepresent the year value expense such as first and second equipment investment, C mrepresent annual operating cost, C lrepresent the failure costs caused that has a power failure every year;
Wherein, C G = C G 1 + C G 2 = N · P F ( 1 + i ) S · i ( 1 + i ) S - 1 + ( N 2 · P S 2 + N 3 · P S 3 ) ( 1 + i ) S · i ( 1 + i ) S - 1 , C in formula g1what represent on-load switch investment waits year value expense, C g2represent distribution power automation terminal and affiliated facility investment wait year be worth expense, N is block switch quantity, N 2and N 3be respectively two distant terminals and three distant terminal quantities, P ffor the time-adjusted investment unit price of block switch, P s2be two distant terminal time-adjusted investment unit prices, P s3be three distant terminal time-adjusted investment unit prices, S represents Economic Life, and i is rate of return on investment;
C m=C gα, in formula, α is the ratio that operation and maintenance cost accounts for investment;
in formula, NC is the quantity of load point (i.e. transformer) in described intelligent distribution network, 1≤j≤NC, P jfor the average load of load point j, TOFF jfor the annual interruption duration of load point j, C lthe average interruption cost of j unit quantity of electricity that () is load point j.
Second step, employing genetic algorithm solve described optimization object function, and obtain the allocation optimum scheme of distribution power automation terminal, concrete grammar is as follows:
1) according to the topological structure of described intelligent distribution network, is encoded in the position of all switches to be installed, the allocation plan of switch is represented by a gene position, represent the allocation plan of distribution power automation terminal by another one gene position, two gene position are combined the configuration mode of the position of the switch, expression one place.In the present embodiment, the position of switch to be installed is the first and last end of basic routing line, i.e. circuit { the first and last end of 4,7,10,14,18,21,24,29,32,34}.There are some constraints (as transformer outlet etc.) in All other routes position, does not arrange switch or must arrange switch, therefore do not need to plan at this circuit.
2) using described optimization object function as fitness function, according to the topological structure of described intelligent distribution network, the length of every bar circuit in described intelligent distribution network, the position of switch to be installed, the size of load and distribution, the failure rate of circuit and transformer, annual fault correction time, unit loss of outage, duration of service, switch and distribution power automation terminal investment, the initial population P (0) of a random generation several body, judge whether the allocation plan of each individuality in population P (0) meets constraints, if meet constraints, then calculate the fitness function of this individuality, obtain the fitness of this individuality, and the individuality that in finally finding population P (0), fitness is minimum is the optimum individual of this population.
3) population P (t) is passed through selection, crossover and mutation computing, obtain population P (t+1) of future generation, first judge whether the allocation plan of population P (t+1) each individuality meets constraints, if meet constraints, then calculate the fitness function of this individuality, obtain the fitness of this individuality, and the individuality that in finally finding population P (t+1), fitness is minimum is the optimum individual of this population; Wherein t be more than or equal to 0 integer; In the present embodiment, Selecting operation utilizes elite's retention strategy, according to the fitness value of each individuality, selects excellent individual inheritance in population of future generation from previous generation population; Owing to not only comprising switchgear distribution scheme code but also comprise terminal configuration scheme code in same chromosome, so the present embodiment is in crossing operation process, adopt the strategy that segmentation intersects, Stochastic choice two chromosomes, distinguish the chromosome dyad of alteration switch allocation plan coding and terminal configuration scheme code with fixing probability; Same in mutation operator process, adopt the strategy of segmentation variation, Stochastic choice item chromosome, between being coded in 0,1 to switch allocation plan respectively with fixing probability, conversion and terminal configuration scheme code convert between 2,3,4.
Constraints described in the present embodiment comprises quality of voltage constraint and Line overload constraint, wherein said quality of voltage constraint refers to that the magnitude of voltage at each switch place in described intelligent distribution network is between the Minimum Acceptable Value and threshold limit value of this switch place predeterminated voltage, and the current value that described Line overload is constrained to each branch road in described intelligent distribution network meets the safety electric flow valuve being less than this branch road and presetting.
The value of t+1 is assigned to t, then repeated execution of steps 3), if continuous 10 generation population optimum individual fitness between mutual difference be all less than predetermined threshold value (preferably 10 -6), then find the minimum optimum individual of fitness namely to complete the automatization terminal configuration of described intelligent distribution network, be met the switch installation site of condition and distribution power automation terminal installation site and type.
The present embodiment may be used for the configuration of newly-built Intelligent power distribution network, now switch installation site and distribution power automation terminal installation site and type all can reach economy and reliability is optimum, are namely issued to the reliability of intelligent distribution network in the prerequisite that investment is fixing best.In addition, as long as by C g1be set to 0 or definite value, the present invention also can improve existing Intelligent power distribution network, configures different distribution power automation terminals at position of the switch place, is optimized existing Intelligent power distribution network.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment is the improvement on embodiment one basis, be with the difference of embodiment one: the constraints in the present embodiment also comprises reliability constraint, described reliability constraint refers to that the reliability index of every individual corresponding allocation plan is greater than default least reliability index, and described reliability index comprises the reliability index of each load point and the reliability index of intelligent distribution network; Wherein the computational methods of the reliability index of the allocation plan that this individuality is corresponding are as follows:
(1) according to the position relationship with block switch, interconnection switch and user demarcation switch, some pieces are divided into the circuit of described intelligent distribution network, and all blocks are numbered, its equivalent fault rate and equivalent annual fault outage time are calculated respectively to each block;
(2) in units of block, ask for the minimum path of each block to the transformer station outlet place block corresponding with this block respectively, obtain the main minimal path of this block;
(3) in units of block, ask for each block respectively to the minimum path that turn for circuit place block corresponding with this block, obtain turning of this block and supply minimal path;
(4) reliability index of each block is calculated successively, specific as follows: in units of block, to enumerate fault outage event, according to fault outage block and treat reliability assessment block relative position relation between the two, supply on minimal path with turning if fault outage block is in the main minimal path treating reliability assessment block, then the fault outage time is fault correction time; Treat on the main minimal path of reliability assessment block if fault outage block is only in, then the fault outage time is the isolation time of fault outage block or closing the time of interconnection switch; If fault outage block is not on the main minimal path treating reliability assessment block, then the fault outage time is the isolation time of fault outage block, and wherein fault outage block is isolated according to the maximum non-faulting power supply interrupted district of recovery and minimum switching manipulation principle;
(5) calculate the reliability index of each load point and the reliability index of intelligent distribution network, the reliability index of described load point comprises the failure rate of this load point, average idle time and on average stops transport the duration; The reliability index of described intelligent distribution network comprises the System average interruption duration of intelligent distribution network and the power supply reliability of intelligent distribution network, and circular is as follows:
1) reliability index of load point j:
1a, failure rate in formula: λ iit is the failure rate of block i; I breaks down the set of all pieces that load point j will be caused to have a power failure;
1b, average idle time in formula: r ifor mean failure rate recovery time or the mean failure rate isolation time of block i;
1c, on average to stop transport the duration
2) reliability index of intelligent distribution network:
The System average interruption duration of 2a, intelligent distribution network n in formula jfor the number of users of load point j;
The power supply reliability of 2b, intelligent distribution network A S A I = Σ j = 1 N C 8760 N j - Σ j = 1 N C N j TOFF j Σ j = 1 N C 8760 N j .
Be optimized configuration with the collocation method of the present embodiment to Intelligent power distribution network as shown in Figure 1, configuration result is as shown in table 1, shows that the distribution power automation terminal collocation method that the present invention proposes can obtain the globally optimal solution meeting economy and reliability.
Table 1
The present invention is not limited to the concrete technical scheme described in above-described embodiment, and in addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other execution modes.All employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacing and being formed, and are the protection range of application claims.

Claims (5)

1. a distribution power automation terminal collocation method for intelligent distribution network, comprises the following steps:
The first step, the optimization object function establishing predetermined intelligent distribution network are minC a=min (C g+ C m+ C l), C in formula awhat represent programme waits year value total cost, C grepresent the year value expense such as first and second equipment investment, C mrepresent annual operating cost, C lrepresent the failure costs caused that has a power failure every year;
Wherein, C G = C G 1 + C G 2 = N · P F ( 1 + i ) S · i ( 1 + i ) S - 1 + ( N 2 · P S 2 + N 3 · P S 3 ) ( 1 + i ) S · i ( 1 + i ) S - 1 , C in formula g1what represent on-load switch investment waits year value expense, C g2represent distribution power automation terminal and affiliated facility investment wait year be worth expense, N is block switch quantity, N 2and N 3be respectively two distant terminals and three distant terminal quantities, P ffor the time-adjusted investment unit price of block switch, P s2be two distant terminal time-adjusted investment unit prices, P s3be three distant terminal time-adjusted investment unit prices, S represents Economic Life, and i is rate of return on investment;
C m=C gα, in formula, α is the ratio that operation and maintenance cost accounts for investment;
in formula, NC is the quantity of load point in described intelligent distribution network, 1≤j≤NC, P jfor the average load of load point j, TOFF jfor the annual interruption duration of load point j, C lthe average interruption cost of j unit quantity of electricity that () is load point j;
Second step, employing genetic algorithm solve described optimization object function, and obtain the allocation optimum scheme of distribution power automation terminal, concrete grammar is as follows:
1) according to the topological structure of described intelligent distribution network, is encoded in the position of all switches to be installed;
2) using described optimization object function as fitness function, according to the topological structure of described intelligent distribution network, the length of every bar circuit in described intelligent distribution network, the position of switch to be installed, the size of load and distribution, the failure rate of circuit and transformer, annual fault correction time, unit loss of outage, duration of service, switch and distribution power automation terminal investment, the initial population P (0) of a random generation several body, judge whether the allocation plan of each individuality in population P (0) meets constraints, if meet constraints, then calculate the fitness function of this individuality, obtain the fitness of this individuality, and the individuality that in finally finding population P (0), fitness is minimum is the optimum individual of this population,
3) population P (t) is passed through selection, crossover and mutation computing, obtain population P (t+1) of future generation, first judge whether the allocation plan of population P (t+1) each individuality meets constraints, if meet constraints, then calculate the fitness function of this individuality, obtain the fitness of this individuality, and the individuality that in finally finding population P (t+1), fitness is minimum is the optimum individual of this population; Wherein t be more than or equal to 0 integer;
The value of t+1 is assigned to t, then repeated execution of steps 3), if continuous 10 generation population optimum individual fitness between mutual difference be all less than predetermined threshold value, then the optimum individual finding fitness minimum namely complete described intelligent distribution network automatization terminal configuration;
Described constraints comprises quality of voltage constraint and Line overload constraint, wherein said quality of voltage constraint refers to that the magnitude of voltage at each switch place in described intelligent distribution network is between the Minimum Acceptable Value and threshold limit value of this switch place predeterminated voltage, and the current value that described Line overload is constrained to each branch road in described intelligent distribution network meets the safety electric flow valuve being less than this branch road and presetting.
2. the distribution power automation terminal collocation method of intelligent distribution network according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described predetermined threshold value is 10 -5~ 10 -7.
3. the distribution power automation terminal collocation method of intelligent distribution network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described constraints also comprises reliability constraint, described reliability constraint refers to that the reliability index of every individual corresponding allocation plan is greater than default least reliability index, and described reliability index comprises the reliability index of each load point and the reliability index of intelligent distribution network; Wherein the computational methods of the reliability index of the allocation plan that this individuality is corresponding are as follows:
(1) according to the position relationship with block switch, interconnection switch and user demarcation switch, some pieces are divided into the circuit of described intelligent distribution network, and all blocks are numbered, its equivalent fault rate and equivalent annual fault outage time are calculated respectively to each block;
(2) in units of block, ask for the minimum path of each block to the transformer station outlet place block corresponding with this block respectively, obtain the main minimal path of this block;
(3) in units of block, ask for each block respectively to the minimum path that turn for circuit place block corresponding with this block, obtain turning of this block and supply minimal path;
(4) reliability index of each block is calculated successively, specific as follows: in units of block, to enumerate fault outage event, according to fault outage block and treat reliability assessment block relative position relation between the two, supply on minimal path with turning if fault outage block is in the main minimal path treating reliability assessment block, then the fault outage time is fault correction time; Treat on the main minimal path of reliability assessment block if fault outage block is only in, then the fault outage time is the isolation time of fault outage block or closing the time of interconnection switch; If fault outage block is not on the main minimal path treating reliability assessment block, then the fault outage time is the isolation time of fault outage block, and wherein fault outage block is isolated according to the maximum non-faulting power supply interrupted district of recovery and minimum switching manipulation principle;
(5) calculate the reliability index of each load point and the reliability index of intelligent distribution network, the reliability index of described load point comprises the failure rate of this load point, average idle time and on average stops transport the duration; The reliability index of described intelligent distribution network comprises the System average interruption duration of intelligent distribution network and the power supply reliability of intelligent distribution network, and circular is as follows:
1) reliability index of load point j:
1a, failure rate in formula: λ iit is the failure rate of block i; I breaks down the set of all pieces that load point j will be caused to have a power failure;
1b, average idle time in formula: r ifor mean failure rate recovery time or the mean failure rate isolation time of block i;
1c, on average to stop transport the duration
2) reliability index of intelligent distribution network:
The System average interruption duration of 2a, intelligent distribution network n in formula jfor the number of users of load point j;
The power supply reliability of 2b, intelligent distribution network
4. the distribution power automation terminal collocation method of intelligent distribution network according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: when fault outage block being isolated and carries out switching manipulation, if three distant terminals installed by switch to be operated, then the Fault Isolation time has been the operate time of this switch; If two distant terminals installed by switch to be operated, then the Fault Isolation time has been the time of default manual manual operation switch; If switch place to be operated does not install distribution terminal, then the Fault Isolation time is the default fault zone time of searching add default manual manual operation switch's time.
5. the distribution power automation terminal collocation method of intelligent distribution network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: according to the topological structure of described intelligent distribution network, time coding in the position of all switches to be installed, the allocation plan of switch is represented by a gene position, represent the allocation plan of distribution power automation terminal by another one gene position, two gene position are combined the configuration mode of the position of the switch, expression one place.
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