Background technology:
The haze weather that China day by day increases various places brings immeasurable impact to people's life health, and PM2.5 causes the extensive concern of society thus.The main source that PM2.5 produces is the residue of the discharge through burning in the processes such as daily generating, industrial production, motor vehicle exhaust emission.Present stage, the electric energy of China 90% comes from thermal power generation, and thermal power generation and industrial production need to burn a large amount of coal, and the flue gas pollutant that coal-burning power plant and Industrial Boiler produce has become the main source of atmosphere pollution.
Along with people (comprise PM2.5 dust, SO to firepower coal-burning power plant and Industrial Boiler fine particle
3acid mist and aerosol etc.), the pay attention to day by day of the compound flue gas pollutant emission such as heavy metal Hg, VOC, the improvement of these combined pollutants also becomes the focus of international community's extensive concern, and developed country has carried out strict restriction to the discharge of PM2.5 fine particle mercury.In China, " fossil-fuel power plant atmospheric pollutant emission standard " (GB13223-2011) specifies coal-burning power plant dust emission limit value 30mg/m3, and is down to 20mg/m3 for the restriction of key area coal-burning power plant dust emission.
The electric cleaner that existing flue gas pollutant cleaning equipment is mainly conventional and wet desulphurization device.Conventional electric cleaner is mainly used in removing the dust in flue gas.But, there is the low and reentrainment of dust problem of efficiency of dust collection in the electric cleaner of existing routine, its reason may be the flue-gas temperature too high (being generally about 150 DEG C) entered in electric cleaner, and the ratio resistance of dust is too high, does not reach the perfect condition of electric precipitation work; The defect of the too high and existing electric cleaner self of flue-gas temperature causes it to be difficult to dust emission to be down to 20mg/m
3.Wet desulphurization device is mainly used in removing the sulfide in flue gas, and wet desulphurization device also has by self spray the function removing particle concurrently.But existing wet desulphurization device cannot solve the problem that fine particle pollutes, and flue gas exists the problem such as gypsum rain, blue smoke after desulfurizing tower, meanwhile, in the flue gas that desulfurizing tower exhaust outlet is discharged, also there is a large amount of fine particle PM2.5, SO
3acid mist and aerosol.
Except said apparatus, have researcher to have studied desulfurizing tower and wet-esp combination technique as patent 201110375475.5 patent 201110375902.X etc., in the gas that these devices are discharged, particle concentration can reach 20mg/m
3below.But these devices are difficult to accomplish particle concentration in discharged gas to control to 5mg/m
3below.
Current wet electrical dust precipitator and wet desulphurization associated treatment can deep purifying smoke treatment fine particle and harmful aerosols.As ZL201410171136.9 flue gas device for deep cleaning, the braid that the high-molecular organic materials such as the material of wherein said wet electrical dust precipitator positive plate is conductive terylene, conduction polypropylene fibre are made, by water distribution uniformity on positive plate, realize the good result of gas cleaning; But because positive plate material is flexible material, in fume treatment process due to apparatus body occur that air current composition is unbalanced, exhaust gas volumn and smoke components change greatly, cause anode material fouling, burn into local damage, affect gas cleaning effect, service life is not high.
Therefore, be necessary to improve existing wet electrical dust precipitator, research and develop the smoke eliminator of a kind of water distribution uniformity on positive plate and positive plate long service life, good purification.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency that above-mentioned existing flue gas pollutant cleaning equipment exists, particularly for the easy corrosion and scaling of wet electrical dust precipitator positive plate, damage, the problem that uniform wet film etc. causes unstable properties cannot be formed, the invention provides a kind of smoke eliminator and application; Effectively solve existing smoke purifying equipment to PM2.5 dust, SO
3the pollutant such as acid mist and aerosol cannot the problem removed of long-time steady operation and the degree of depth.
A kind of smoke eliminator of the present invention, comprises the gas approach (1), electric cleaner (2), desulfurizing tower (3), electric demister (4), Wet type electric dust-removing device (6), exhaust pass (13), the chimney (14) that are connected successively by pipeline; Described electric demister (4) is vertically mounted on the top of desulfurizing tower (3); The outlet flue of electric demister (4) enters mouth higher than Wet type electric dust-removing device (6), and the outlet flue of electric demister (4) is connected by flue with the mouth that enters of Wet type electric dust-removing device (6).
The wet-esp positive plate (10) and wet-esp cathode line (9) that are connected with high-frequency and high-voltage power supply (11) is provided with in described Wet type electric dust-removing device (6); Described wet-esp positive plate (10) and wet-esp cathode line (9) all vertical distribution are entered immediately below mouth at Wet type electric dust-removing device (6); Described wet-esp positive plate (10) top is provided with water distribution framework (8), and described water distribution framework (8) is provided with the water distributor (15) of band water distribution slit (17); The water distribution slit (17) of described water distributor (15) is adjacent with positive plate (10) upper end and be oppositely arranged, and water distribution slit (17) is 0.5-2cm to the horizontal range of corresponding wet-esp positive plate (10); By the water distribution slit (17) on water distributor, water distribution is carried out to wet-esp positive plate (10), make wet-esp positive plate (10) forms moisture film; Described positive plate (10) is provided with the vertical bar (16) be parallel to each other, and described vertical bar (16) is semicylinder, and the radius of semicylinder is 2-5mm, and the distance between adjacent vertical strip (16) is 5-10mm.
Described wet-esp positive plate (10) and the vertical bar (16) being located at positive plate surface are made up of glass steel material, and described vertical bar (16) is bonded in positive plate (10) on the surface by binding agent.
A kind of smoke eliminator of the present invention, is provided with air-introduced machine between electric cleaner (2) and desulfurizing tower (3).
A kind of smoke eliminator of the present invention, desulfurizing tower establishes spray equipment in (3), during equipment work, by spray equipment spray lime stone slurry, the sour gas such as sulfur dioxide is absorbed, purify part dust simultaneously, and produce a large amount of calcium plaster drops and water smoke.
A kind of smoke eliminator of the present invention, electric demister (4) enters mouth by electric demist and is connected with the outlet flue of desulfurizing tower (3) is vertical.
A kind of smoke eliminator of the present invention, described wet-esp positive plate (10) and wet-esp cathode line (9) all vertical distribution entering immediately below mouth in Wet type electric dust-removing device (6).
A kind of smoke eliminator of the present invention, in described Wet type electric dust-removing device (6), adjacent and between the wet-esp positive plate (10) that plate face is relative, be provided with the wet-esp cathode line (9) of radical >=1.In actual application, according to the amount of smoke treatment required in the unit interval, determine the quantity used of wet-esp positive plate (10) and wet-esp cathode line (9).Distance between wet-esp cathode line (9) to adjacent wet-esp positive plate (10), needs to adjust according to practical operation.
A kind of smoke eliminator of the present invention, in Wet type electric dust-removing device (6), wet-esp positive plate (10) is arranged by cuboid-type.Adjacent and distance between the wet-esp positive plate (10) that plate face is relative needs to adjust according to practical operation.
A kind of smoke eliminator of the present invention, the line style of wet-esp cathode line (9) is selected from the one in barb type, needle-penetrating, sawtooth pattern.
A kind of smoke eliminator of the present invention, described wet-esp positive plate (10) top is provided with water distribution framework (8), water distribution framework is provided with water distributor (15), wet-esp positive plate (10) is fixed on water distribution framework (8), carry out water distribution by the water distribution slit (17) on water distributor to wet-esp positive plate (10), the water that water distribution slit (17) flows out by forming moisture film under the Action of Gravity Field of water and diffusion on wet-esp positive plate (10).Water distribution slit (17) is 0.5-2cm to the distance of corresponding wet-esp positive plate (10); During Wet type electric dust-removing device (6) work, the streamflow in the upper per area per time of wet-esp positive plate (10) is 3-5m
3/ h.
A kind of smoke eliminator of the present invention, the top of Wet type electric dust-removing device (6) is also provided with wet-esp shower nozzle (7), when Wet type electric dust-removing device (6) smoke treatment, close wet-esp shower nozzle (7), after fume treatment, close high-frequency and high-voltage power supply (11), open wet-esp shower nozzle (7) and wet-esp positive plate (10), wet-esp cathode line (9) are cleaned.
Cloth is in positive plate upper end equably for the water that water distributor is flowed out by water distribution slit (17), and under gravity, water flows to bottom from the upper end of positive plate; Owing to positive plate being provided with vertical and parallel semicylinder vertical bar, flow uniformly in the passage of water between vertical bar, because vertical bar is semicylinder, when water is covered with the passage between vertical bar, water in passage is connected with the water in adjacent passage at cylinder vertical bar on the surface by the surface tension of self, thus form uniform moisture film, avoid the following problem of prior art: the easy corrosion and scaling of positive plate, damage, and easily form " channel ", occur local dry cavity, thus uniform wet film etc. cannot be formed cause unstable properties.
The application of a kind of smoke eliminator of the present invention, sends into the ash-laden gas after coal-fired plant flue gas denitration in electric cleaner (2) through gas approach (1) and carries out dedusting, obtain smoke content≤20mg/m
3flue gas; By smoke content≤20mg/m
3flue gas to send in desulfurizing tower (3) after desulfurization, send into vertically upward again in electric demister (4) and carry out electric demist, flue gas after electricity demist is admitted in Wet type electric dust-removing device (6) and processes, after having processed, through exhaust pass (13), chimney (14) discharge; During described Wet type electric dust-removing device (6) work, the streamflow in the upper per area per time of wet-esp positive plate (10) is 3-5m
3/ h.
The application of a kind of smoke eliminator of the present invention, described ash-laden gas is after denitration, dust concentration is more than or equal to 5g/Nm
3ash-laden gas.
The application of a kind of smoke eliminator of the present invention, the operating frequency range of wet-esp high-frequency and high-voltage power supply used (11) is 2000-4000Hz, operating voltage range is 7200-8000V.Wet type electric dust-removing device makes the dust granules in flue gas efficiently charged and removes under the effect of high frequency electric source.
The application of a kind of smoke eliminator of the present invention, during desulfurization, makes the sour gas such as sulfur dioxide be absorbed by spray equipment spray lime stone slurry, purifies part dust simultaneously, and produce a large amount of calcium plaster drops and water smoke; Obtain the flue dust after desulfurization.
The application of a kind of smoke eliminator of the present invention, flue dust after desulfurization, through desulfurizing tower outlet flue, enters vertically upward in electric demister (4), under saturation vapour, removes fine particle by electric field action, drop in follow-up flue gas is greatly reduced, a large amount of fine particle, SO
3acid mist is purified; Avoiding problems the appearance of gypsum rain phenomenon.
The application of a kind of smoke eliminator of the present invention, when flue gas after demist is admitted to and processes in Wet type electric dust-removing device (6), by water distribution slit (17) toward the upper water distribution of wet-esp positive plate (10), make wet-esp positive plate (10) forms moisture film; Water distribution both ensure that the humidity of flue gas, can take away again the fine particle, acid aerosol, the drop that are adsorbed on wet-esp positive plate (10) in time, thus greatly improve removal efficiency.
The application of a kind of smoke eliminator of the present invention, during Wet type electric dust-removing device (6) work, the streamflow in the upper per area per time of wet-esp positive plate (10) is 3-5m
3/ h.
The application of a kind of smoke eliminator of the present invention, in the flue gas after this device process, dust concentration is lower than 5mg/m
3, PM2.5 is lower than 10ug/Nm
3, Hg is lower than 1ug/Nm
3, SO
3lower than 5ug/Nm
3.
The application of a kind of smoke eliminator of the present invention, after fume treatment, powered-down, opens wet-esp shower nozzle (7) and carries out degree of depth cleaning to wet-esp positive plate (10), wet-esp cathode line (9).
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Arrange water distribution slit at Wet type electric dust-removing device, by water distribution slit toward water distribution on wet-esp positive plate, positive plate is provided with parallel vertical bar, under the effect of vertical bar, water flows from top to bottom, makes wet-esp positive plate forms moisture film; Water distribution both ensure that the humidity of flue gas, can take away again the fine particle, acid aerosol, the drop that are adsorbed on wet-esp positive plate in time, thus greatly improve removal efficiency; Realize effectively trapping superfine particulate matter, make the concentration of particle in emptying flue dust lower than 5mg/m
3, PM2.5 is lower than 10ug/Nm
3.
Importantly, positive plate of the present invention and vertical bar thereof adopt glass steel material, without any blocking, corrosion and scale formation, and can continue to form moisture film, the existence of uniform water film avoids local electrical resistance and inverse corona, enhance stability and the intensity of electric field, there is the ability of continuous absorption, carrying, cleaning dust.
In the present invention, the water that water distribution slit flows out, by gravity and vertical bar guide effect, is evenly distributed on the surface of film very much.So when field operation, there will not be local dry cavity, avoid local electrical resistance and inverse corona, enhance stability and the intensity of electric field.
The present invention's being uniformly distributed just because of wet film, can maintain stable high field intensity, and simultaneously the speed that enters of flue gas is reasonable, and a large amount of dust granules causing carrying in flue gas, slurry drops are adsorbed by the moisture film on positive plate surface under the effect of electric field force.The uniform moisture film of positive plate makes self to maintain high level of cleanliness state, compared with prior art the present invention to the capturing efficiency of fine particle and effect more excellent.
Because flue gas obtains the purification of the degree of depth, so greatly reduce the extent of corrosion of flue gas to chimney.
In a word, the present invention, by the improvement to Wet type electric dust-removing device, achieves the techniques such as desulfurization, electric demist, wet-esp and carries out Integrated predict model, realizes fine particle minimum discharge, realize real near-zero release by synergy.
Detailed description of the invention:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described;
In the present embodiment: flue gas is the flue gas that 350MW heat power station produces, the temperature of flue gas after denitration is 150 DEG C, the concentration of particle is 5g/Nm in flue gas after denitration
3; In the present embodiment, in the unit interval, the treatment quantity of equipment is 1780000Nm
3/ h, flow velocity when flue gas enters electric cleaner (1) is 15m/s;
The positive plate (10) of wet electrical dust precipitator is arranged by cuboid-type, the cathode line (9) of wet electrical dust precipitator is prickle wire, its material is stainless steel, and the positive plate (10) of wet electrical dust precipitator adopts glass-reinforced plastic material; Wet-esp positive plate (10) upper end is provided with the water distributor (15) of band water distribution slit (17); The water distribution slit of water distributor is adjacent with positive plate upper end and be oppositely arranged; Water distribution slit (17) is 1cm to the horizontal range of corresponding wet-esp positive plate (10); Described positive plate (10) is provided with the vertical bar (16) be parallel to each other, and described vertical bar (16) is semicylinder, and the radius of semicylinder is 4mm, and the spacing distance between vertical bar (16) is 8mm.By water distribution slit toward water distribution on wet-esp positive plate, positive plate is provided with parallel vertical bar, under the effect of vertical bar, water flows from top to bottom, makes wet-esp positive plate forms moisture film;
As shown in Figure 1, after the flue gas of boiler discharge is purified by denitration, enter electric cleaner (4), adopt the mode of two Room four electric fields, positive plate specific dust collection area 110m
2/ m
3/ s, makes the dust in flue gas effectively be purified; Flue gas, after electric cleaner (4) process, makes the concentration of particle in deduster outlet flue place flue gas lower than 20mg/m
3;
Flue gas after electric precipitation enters spray desulfurizing tower (3) and carries out desulfurization, and in desulfurizing tower, flue gas flow rate is 3m/s, and calcium sulfur ratio is 1.02; Flue gas after desulfurization is by entering in electric demister (4) with the mouth that enters along the vertical electric demister be connected in desulfurizing tower gas outlet, by the effect of the electric field of electric demister, most of sulphur gypsum drop and acid mist are removed, flue gas after electricity demist enters in Wet type electric dust-removing device (6) through the outlet flue of electric demister and processes, during Wet type electric dust-removing device (6) work, the streamflow in the upper per area per time of wet-esp positive plate (10) is 4m
3/ h, after having processed, enter in air through exhaust pass (13), chimney (14), in the flue gas of chimney breast, particle concentration is lower than 5mg/m
3, PM2.5 is lower than 10ug/Nm
3, Hg is lower than 1ug/Nm
3, SO
3lower than 5ug/Nm
3.