CN1073349A - Pocket electrocardio-monitor - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of medical electronics cardioelectric monitor of forming by collection layer piece and the instrument of diagnosis, owing to select for use single-sheet miniature computer, a collection layer memory access, memorizer and display to give monitored and can be when diagnose, have improved the efficient that the monitoring of instrument is diagnosed a disease greatly automatically to abnormal electrocardiogram generation time side open record by diagnostic personnel.Because technological improvement, this machine can directly be used electrocardiogram and observation effect, and capacity of resisting disturbance is strong, under critical situation, can send audible alarm, and volume is little, and is in light weight, and working service is convenient.

Description

Pocket electrocardio-monitor

Present technique relates to the instrument of a kind of medical electronics heart disease diagnosis and monitoring.

The patent No. is 8620259.3 at present, PXD type wearing type intelligent cardiac monitoring and recording instrument by name is domestic representational product, it can carry out the instantaneous continuous demonstration of the rhythm of the heart, tachycardias, slow excessively, overload alarm, to automatic warning, the memory (magnetic recording) of arrhythmia, also can carry out detecting automatically of arrhythmia.The signal source that it shows as instantaneous heart rate with the voltage that number generator is produced, finish tachycardias and slow excessively presetting with stroke/BCD decoding, the comparison operation of electrocardio R-R wave width is realized ARRly detecting automatically, carry out magnetic recording with voltage controlled oscillator with after the electrocardiosignal modulation, the record of this instrument is a time recording, pouncing on abnormal information to writing down to search in the successive supervision, can not judge unusually automatically and record, bigger blindness is arranged, miss accidental abnormal information easily, and a large amount of garbage makes troubles also can for playback and analysis.This instrument is easy to occur wave distortion and other irrelevant muscle electrical interference signals of focus because common mode rejection ratio has only 60db under current intelligence, also can cause the output waveform difficult judgment, because its tape revolution instability also can cause wave distortion.This instrument can not be directly and electrocardiograph electrically connect, must use inconvenience by means of the special tape readout equipment during analysis; The labelling because every group record is not demarcated also causes the interpretation mistake easily; This machine need use heavy-duty battery, volume is big, weight is big, reliability is low, also makes troubles to use.Fig. 1 provides the circuit block diagram of this machine, by input stage 1, ecg amplifier 2, manipulator 3, emitter follower 4, frequency-selective amplifier 5, Schmidt trigger 6, monostable generator 7, monostable trigger 8, reference power supply 9, to number generator 10, sampling keeps level 11, A/D converter 12, crystal digital coding on the display 13, decoder 14, BCD dial 15, alarm 16, linear generator 18, sampling keeps level 19, allotter 20, arithmetical unit 21, gauge tap 22, Schmidt trigger 23, switch 24, monostable 25, bonder 26, record keeper 27 and recovery button 28 are formed.This machine has 31 console switchs, and complex operation uses very inconvenient.

The objective of the invention is:

1, in the limit of maximum economic condition, the split circuit of power transformation road main component is an integrated circuit, makes full use of the memory function of semiconductor element, utilizes the processing capacity of microcomputer, makes this instrument intellectuality and automatization more;

2, according to the requirement of electrocardio pathology, a series of pathological abnormalities electrical quantitys have been drafted, this parameter is become switching signal, add the memory and the processing capacity of integrated circuit, make intelligent equipment, therefore human body electrocardio figure is being carried out in the long dynamic monitoring, energy is the catching exception electrocardiogram automatically, particularly sporadic abnormal electrocardiographic pattern;

3, the digital signal to record carries out the D/A conversion, and its Electrocardiographic record can directly be analyzed by means of electrocardioscope or electrocardiograph, and is significant to cardiopathic prevention and early diagnosis;

4, can send audible warning to the critical situation of patient, and try hard in electrocardio amplification, Intelligent treatment, simplify the operation, have on reliability and durability improvement in various degree;

5, the electrocardio amplification is the Key Circuit of whole instrument, and the present invention has redesigned ecg amplifier, has proposed coupling three extremely low frequency electrocardio amplifying circuits, has satisfied the requirement of circuit under the condition of cheapness.Detecting of R ripple also is the important circuit of this instrument, and the present invention has designed LM324 and amplified R ripple detecting circuit, also has one's own knack.The present invention has also designed the 74HC04 lampwick display circuit of fighting.

After taking above corrective measure and prior art following advantage is relatively arranged:

Because the ecg amplifier that the present invention taked has high input impedance and common mode rejection ratio, make the signal waveform that is write down undistorted, capacity of resisting disturbance is strong, particularly still can keep undistorted under current intelligence, for cardiopathic diagnosis provides reliable foundation.This instrument can be monitored ecg information in real time, the information of receiving is analyzed by micro computer, the abnormal conditions of finding various settings can in time write down automatically 10 second electrocardiogram.Can fight to stopping fighting, leaking, low amplitude, premature ventricular beat, premature ventricular beat, various premature beat, tachycardia, bradycardia, myocardial infarction, myocardial necrosis or the like, various abnormal conditions are discerned and record automatically.Because having or not under the abnormal conditions in identification, record carries out, the information that is write down does not have " garbage ", improved the actual effect of record greatly, be applicable to that promptly the normal property sent out seriousness patient is applicable to sporadic " first offender " and a lighter patient again, significant to prevention and treatment in time.The memory space of this instrument signal is big, can remember 30 multistage electrocardio wave modes, and every section was write down for 10 seconds automatically.Automatically give labelling by instrument for every section, the observer can not declare the signal of different sections mixed.Because the present invention can note abnormalities and record automatically, recorded content does not have garbage signal.This instrument has two Signal Monitors, and one is that the light heartbeat shows that another is two liquid crystal displays, and instrument also has an easy playback mechanism, does not need any special equipment to connect with the universal electrocardiogeram machine, and retouches the waveform of any one section electrocardio ripple.This instrument uses four joint No.5 cells, but continuous operation owing to select computer memory for use, still can keep more than two months more than 24 hours at the signal that is write down after the shutdown, improved the use value of instrument widely, greatly facilitate the user.

The present invention realizes like this, see Fig. 2, Fig. 8 is seen in the position of three the pick off 13(pick offs of human ecg signal through being attached to the people front), send in the ecg amplifier 1 by three lines that lead, have only the millivolt level, be enlarged into Fu Jihou through ecg amplifier by the faint electrocardiosignal that pick off receives, one the tunnel is admitted in the A/D change-over circuit 2, the change analogue signal is digital signal, and R ripple detecting circuit 3 is then sent on another road, detects the R ripple and waveform is handled.The R ripple that is detected is admitted in the single chip microcomputer circuit 4 as the timing synchronizing signal.The R ripple that is detected simultaneously is admitted to heartbeat display circuit 5, and the heartbeat display circuit is a display lamp (as lamp, light emitting diode an etc.) drive circuit, and the monitoring personnel can clearly observe at every turn beating of heartbeat from heartbeat shows.Digital signal after the A/D conversion is admitted among the miniature digital memory RAM6, and to signal subsection storage (every period 10 second).4 pairs of every section ECG signal of one chip microcomputer are carried out analytical judgment, according to needs to the electrocardiogram pathology detection, special judgement control that we have been Computer Design, to satisfying abnormal condition, 4 in computer sends store instruction and stores, to do not have the instruction electrocardiosignal then not with storage.The testing staff also can pass through gauge tap 11 when needed, write down the abnormal signal of (storage) by extracting among the RAM6, this signal is through D/A converter 7, digital signal is become analogue signal, through signal attenuator 14, to lie prostrate level signal attenuation for the millivolt level, can directly join electrocardiograph 12, retouch electrocardiogram.The present invention also is provided with display circuit 8, and it is made up of display circuit and two liquid crystal displays, when monitoring and output electrocardiosignal, can demonstrate that section electrocardiosignal of handling in real time.To critical signal, we have designed special controlled condition, are managed automatically by microcomputer 4, and one finds have critical signal or this instrument to have under the situation of loose contact, in record (storage), also by audible alarm circuit 9, sends alarm signal.Entire work process is managed by microcomputer 4, software control, and software resides among the memory access ROM6.Current in electronic technology, waveform is carried out amplitude limit or extracts limitation signal, extracts waveform frequency signal (being the extraction time width) has been common technique, and the present invention utilizes this common technique just, formulates the automatic control scheme of oneself.Evident characteristic of the present invention is abnormal electrocardiogram pathology signals of telecommunication such as the interval of ecg-r wave, amplitude, ST section amplitudes, to become control signal, with the memory (storage) of control instrument.Altogether nine cardiopathia reason signals of telecommunication are become the signal of telecommunication of memory circuit in the present invention, these nine signals are:

1)＜stop fighting/low amplitude unusual:

When continuous 3 seconds no R ripples, though or have R ripple, amplitude to be lower than normal R wave amplitude 50%;

2)＜leak and fight/low amplitude unusual:

An above R wave spacing is greater than 150% of average R wave spacing, or an above R wave amplitude is less than 50% of normal R wave amplitude;

3)＜the heart rate increase〉unusual:

When the R wave spacing evenly shortens, the average R wave spacing time in this cycle is less than 67% of R of the last cycle wave spacing time;

4)＜heart rate reduces〉unusual:

The R wave spacing evenly increases, and the average R wave spacing time in this cycle was greater than 150% of the average R wave spacing time of last one-period;

5)＜arrhythmia〉unusual:

Above R wave spacing time, the 80%(less than the average R wave spacing time was short blanking time), or it is long blanking time) greater than the 125%(of average R wave spacing time, and in continuous 3 R wave spacings, must comprise the two short long or two long short situations that add that add;

6)＜tachycardia〉unusual:

When the even R wave spacing time less than 0.5 second, promptly average heart rate is greater than 120 times/minute;

7)＜bradycardia〉unusual:

The average R wave spacing time, promptly average heart rate was less than 45 times/minute greater than 1.33 seconds;

8)＜rising of ST section〉unusual:

ST section voltage ratio equilibrium point voltage is greater than one millivolt;

9)＜decline of ST section〉unusual:

ST section voltage ratio equilibrium point voltage is less than one millivolt.

Accompanying drawing of the present invention is as follows:

Fig. 1 is the functional-block diagram of PXD shape wearing type intelligent cardiac monitoring and recording instrument

The connotation of each label is among the figure:

Input stage 1, ecg amplifier 2, manipulator 3, emitter follower 4, frequency-selective amplifier 5, Schmidt trigger 6, monostable generator 7, monostable trigger 8, reference power supply 9, to number generator 10, sampling keeps level 11, AD converter 12, crystal digital coding on the display 13, decoder 14, BCD dial 15, alarm 16, linear generator 18, sampling keeps level 19, allotter 20, arithmetical unit 21, gauge tap 22, Schmidt trigger 23, switch 24, monostable 25, bonder 26, memory keeper 27 and recovery button 28 are formed.

Fig. 2 is a circuit theory block diagram of the present invention

The connotation of each label is among the figure:

Ecg amplifier 1, A/D weighted-voltage D/A converter 2, R ripple detecting circuit 3, one chip microcomputer 4, heartbeat display circuit 5, mnemonic 6, memory memory access 10, D/A digital-to-analogue conversion instrument 7, display circuit 8, warning circuit 9, gauge tap 11, electrocardiograph 12, pick off 13, attenuator 14 and latch 15 are formed.

Fig. 3 is embodiments of the invention

Form single-sheet miniature computer 4 by 80C31, form memory memory access 10 by 27C64, by 62256 mnemonics of forming 6, the latch of forming by 7,4HC,373 15, and mark circuit connection between them;

Fig. 4 is three grades of low frequency electrocardio amplification circuit diagrams of coupling;

Fig. 5 is that R ripple LM324 amplifies detecting circuit figure;

Fig. 6 is the 74HC04 lampwick display circuit figure that fights;

Fig. 7 is the profile sketch map of the instrument that the present invention relates to;

Total power switch 21.Multifunctional power 20 after power supply is opened when monitoring, then begins first record by this button; In monitoring, can force the 5 minutes electrocardiograms in record front and back, click this button during playback, then begin from first record playback.On and off switch 22, playback switch 23 is opened when playback, two liquid crystal displays 24, show the record situation that has write down or reset, heartbeat display lamp 25, the rhythm and pace of moving things of demonstration heartbeat, input socket 27, the input socket 26 of EGC sensor, at playback time, the cable of input inserts this socket.

Fig. 8 is that this electrocardio monitor receiving sensor is at the human detection position view.

Embodiments of the invention are as follows:

Form microcomputer 4 by 80C31, form memory memory access 10 by ultraviolet light erasable read only memory 27C64, random access memory 26256 is formed mnemonic 6,74HC373 forms latch, be used for latching the most-significant byte address, the D/A changer is selected DAC0832 collection layer piece for use, and A/D changer 2 is selected ADC0809 collection layer piece for use, amplifier in the R ripple detecting circuit 3 is selected LM324 collection layer piece for use, and heartbeat display circuit 5 is selected 74HC04 for use.Their circuit connects and is provided by Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, and the amplifier in the ecg amplifier 1 is made up of two collection layer double operationals, and K and K can use a slice LM358, and K and K are with another sheet LM358.The outfan of R ripple detecting circuit is directly received the INT end (the 13rd foot) of 80C31, and INT is the interrupting input end of 80C31, whenever human body comes the R ripple one time, causes that then 80C31 once interrupts, thereby realizes the measurement to the R wave spacing time.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of medical electronics cardioelectric monitor and diagnostic apparatus of forming by collection layer piece, the feature of its structure is that its complete machine is by with next part layer piece circuit, one chip microcomputer 4, memory memory access RAM10, mnemonic ROM6, latch 15, A/D A-D converter 2, D/A digital-to-analog converter 7, liquid crystal display 8, ecg amplifier 1, R ripple detecting circuit 3, heartbeat display circuit 5, heartbeat pick off 13, attenuator 14, warning circuit 9, gauge tap 11 and interlock circuit are formed.

2, instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: one chip microcomputer can select that 80C31, memory memory access RAM can select 62256 for use, mnemonic ROM can select for use the 27C64 latch can select for use 74HC373, A/D A-D converter can select for use ADC0809, D/A digital-to-analog converter can select for use DAC0832, ecg amplifier to select for use two LM385 to form three extremely low frequency electrocardio amplifying circuits for use, R ripple detecting circuit selects for use the LM324 one-level to amplify R ripple detecting circuit, and the heartbeat display circuit is selected 74HC04 heartbeat display circuit for use.

3, a kind of medical electronics cardioelectric monitor and diagnostic apparatus of forming by collection layer piece, feature on its method is that the switching signal that nine abnormal signals of electrocardio pathology become access is charged among the memory access RAM, realize meeting unusual pathology electrocardiosignal and then open memorizer ROM record pathology electrocardiosignal under the control of single chip microcomputer, these pathological signals are:

(1) " stop fighting/low amplitude " unusually:

Though when continuous 3 seconds no R ripples or the R ripple is arranged, amplitude is lower than normal R wave amplitude 50%;

(2) " leakage is fought/low amplitude " is unusual:

An above R wave spacing is greater than 150% of average R wave spacing, or an above R wave amplitude is less than 50% of normal R wave amplitude;

(3) " heart rate increase " is unusual:

When the R wave spacing evenly shortens, the average R wave spacing time in this cycle is less than 67% of R of the last cycle wave spacing time;

(4) " heart rate reduces " is unusual:

The R wave spacing evenly increases, and the average R wave spacing time in this cycle was greater than 150% of the average R wave spacing time of last one-period;

(5) " heart rate not phase neat " is unusual:

Above R wave spacing time, the 80%(less than the average R wave spacing time was short blanking time), or it is long blanking time) greater than the 125%(of average R wave spacing time, and in continuous 3 R wave spacings, must comprise the two short long or two long short situations that add that add;

(6) " tachycardia " is unusual:

Was that average heart rate is greater than 120 times/minute when the average R wave spacing time less than 0.5 second;

(7) " bradycardia " is unusual:

The average R wave spacing time, promptly average heart rate was less than 45 times/minute greater than 1.33 seconds;

(8) " rising of ST section " is unusual:

ST section balance of voltage point voltage is greater than 1 millivolt;

(9) " decline of ST section " is unusual:

ST section voltage ratio equilibrium point voltage is less than 1 millivolt.

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