CN1107152C - 增强的石膏板及其制造方法 - Google Patents

增强的石膏板及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN1107152C
CN1107152C CN98807211.4A CN98807211A CN1107152C CN 1107152 C CN1107152 C CN 1107152C CN 98807211 A CN98807211 A CN 98807211A CN 1107152 C CN1107152 C CN 1107152C
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gypsum
paper layer
external paper
net
enhancing
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CN1264450A (zh
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约翰·特奥多尔·热利施
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Fletcher Building Holdings Ltd
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FLETCHER CHALLENGE Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/0006Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects the reinforcement consisting of aligned, non-metal reinforcing elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B19/00Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon
    • B28B19/0092Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon to webs, sheets or the like, e.g. of paper, cardboard
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/043Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres of plaster
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/10Scrim [e.g., open net or mesh, gauze, loose or open weave or knit, etc.]
    • Y10T442/102Woven scrim
    • Y10T442/171Including a layer derived from a water-settable material [e.g., cement, gypsum, etc.]

Abstract

本发明涉及一种增强的石膏板,其具有第一层纸(11)、一个胶凝材料的芯(15)、一个增强网(7)和与之相邻的另一层纸(2)。网(7)可以接触纸层(2)。本发明还涉及一种制造增强石膏板的方法,主要包括下列步骤:供给第一外纸层;向第一外纸层上供给石膏基浆料;供给第二外纸层并在第二外纸层与浆料之间供给增强网;使纸层、浆料和增强网集中在一起;使浆料在外纸层间凝固;把石膏板切割成所需尺寸。本发明解决了现有石膏板抗冲击性差的问题,主要用于建筑领域。

Description

增强的石膏板及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及增强的石膏板及其制造方法。
背景技术
为简明起见,在说明书全文中用术语“石膏板”来表示这样的建筑材料,即它是由最终形成长度不定的且随后被切割成所需尺寸的预制板的任何有粘结性的浆料构成的。在本说明书中,术语“预制板”包含任何种类和型号的壁板、天花板或地板件。过去,已经提出了许多个与制造这样的增强石膏板的预制板有关的方案,而其中一些方案已经被授予了专利权。
这样的石膏板预制件一般采用石膏水泥浆或波特兰水泥浆。一些现有的制造石膏板的方案包括将增强材料放入有粘结性的浆料中。有人已经提出了例如包括玻璃纤维片材或玻璃纤维在内的增强材料。
目前的用于制造增强石膏板的方案都免不了有各种各样的缺陷,尤其是它们还无法生产出一种具有极高强度以抵抗可能出现在装有预制板的建筑物中的典型冲击的石膏板。例如,对于用作商用和住宅建筑物中的内部护板的预制板,将需要能够令人满意地长期承受人的冲击力。
发明内容
因此,本发明的一个目的是提供一种增强的石膏板和/或一种制造该增强的石膏板的方法,本发明将克服或至少避免在目前这样的石膏板或其制造方法中存在的缺陷,或者本发明将至少给公众提供一个有用的选择机会。
从以下的说明书中,将看到本发明的其它目的。
根据本发明的一个方面,增强的石膏板包括与一个胶凝的石膏基材料的芯的一侧相邻的第一外纸层、至少一个嵌埋在胶凝的石膏基材料的所述芯的另一侧内的增强材料网的内层和一个与所述增强材料网紧邻的第二外纸层。
增强材料网优选地与所述的另一层纸牢靠地接触。
增强材料网优选地包括稀织的玻璃纤维网。
根据本发明的另一个方面,制造增强石膏板的方法包括:连续地供给第一外纸层;连续地供给有粘结性的石膏基浆料使其在第一外纸层上铺开;连续地供给第二外纸层在第二外纸层与石膏基浆料之间连续地供给一增强材料网;使这些纸层、所述的有粘结性的石膏基浆料和增强网集中在一起,从而致使所述增强网嵌埋在所述有粘结性的石膏基浆料一侧上且紧邻第二外纸层,使所述有粘结性的浆料在所述的外纸层之间凝固;将石膏板切割成所需尺寸。
在上述方法中,增强网最好与所述的另一纸层接触。
根据本发明的又一个方面,提供了一种基本上如参见附图在此描述的增强石膏板和/或该增强石膏板的制造方法。
本发明的增强石膏板和其制造方法提高了石膏板的抗冲击性。
根据以下说明书,应该在其所有新颖方面考虑的本发明的其它方面将变得清楚明白,在以下说明书中例举出了可能有的实施例并且参见附图进行了描述。
附图说明
图1很概括地示出了一条根据本发明的一个可行实施例的连续制造增强石膏板的生产线。
图2很概括地示出了根据本发明的一个可行实施例的增强石膏板的横截面。
具体实施方式
用箭头1整体表示一条根据本发明的一个可行实施例的用于制造增强石膏板的连续生产线。
可以看出,制造过程在此特定实施例中包括沿辊3、4、5、6运送一底层纸2并且从滚筒8如此地放出一增强网7,即使增强网靠近底层纸2并且它在此实施例中接触底层纸。
在整个说明书中,用术语“纸”来表示任何适用的外饰面材料,它很结实并且可以是例如由可以包含牛皮纸的回收纤维或类似物制成的硬纸板。增强网可以是任何适当类型的提供理想的密度和强度的加强网,但是玻璃纤维网或塑料稀织网可能是特别适用的,如市场上可买到的CRENETE(商标)网。
如图所示,投料装置9正在供应有粘结性的浆料15,该投料装置将浆料15分布到通过辊12、13、14送来的饰面纸11的整个宽度上。浆料15可以是任何适当类型的,但是在本发明的一个优选实施例中,它可以是石膏或波特兰灰泥。可以设置适当的涂布装置以保证浆料15被均匀地投布在纸11的整个宽度上。也可以在生产线的每一侧设置导向装置以使纸11的侧边翻起来,从而形成了一个可以使浆料15存放于其中的沟槽。在一个实施例中设想了这样的措施,即接着可以折叠纸11的翻起的侧边并且将其与底层纸2粘结起来。
制造过程将适当地包括加热装置以便于使浆料15凝固并且还包括切割装置,从而可以将形成的石膏板切割成预定尺寸。
值得推荐的是,尽管在图中示出了采用单层的纸2、11和增强网,但可以适当地采用任意多层的纸2、11和增强网。
参见图2,很概括地示出了根据本发明的一个可行实施例的增强石膏板,它具有一层饰面纸11、一个例如由石膏灰泥制成的灰泥芯15、一张增强网7和与之紧邻的底层纸2。在凝固时,一些灰泥15将穿过增强网7上的网眼并与纸2粘结起来,网7可以安放成在底层纸2的整个表面上基本接触的样子。这样,增强网7在由纸层2限定的整个表面范围内提供了石膏板的显著且均匀的增强效果并将因此能够明显有助于提高石膏板的抗冲击性。
在其它实施例中,网7与纸2相邻,但是可以不与之接触。
在上述说明中提到了具有已知等同物的本发明的具体部件或发明整体,因此,在这里引入这样的等同物,就好象已经分别描述过它们一样。
尽管本发明是参考本发明可能有的实施例而举例描述的,但是应该理解的是,可以在不脱离如后续权利要求书所限定的本发明范围的前提下对本发明作出修改或改进。

Claims (10)

1.一种增强石膏板,它包括与一个胶凝的石膏基材料芯的一侧相邻的第一外纸层、至少一个嵌埋在所述胶凝的石膏基材料芯的另一侧内的增强材料网的内层和与所述增强材料网紧邻的第二外纸层。
2.如权利要求1所述的增强石膏板,其特征在于,所述的增强材料网与所述的第二外纸层牢靠地相互接触。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的增强石膏板,其特征在于,所述的增强材料网包括一稀织的玻璃纤维网。
4.如权利要求1和2之一所述的增强石膏板,其特征在于,所述纸包括硬纸板。
5.如权利要求1和2中的任一项所述的增强石膏板,其特征在于,增强材料网包括塑料的稀织网。
6.一种制造增强石膏板的方法,它包括:
连续地供给第一外纸层;
连续地供给有粘结性的石膏基浆料以便使其在所述第一外纸层上铺开;
连续地供给第二外纸层并在所述第二外纸层与所述石膏基浆料之间连续地供给一增强网;
使所述纸层、所述有粘结性的石膏基浆料和所述增强网集中在一起,从而致使所述增强网嵌埋在所述有粘结性的石膏基浆料一侧上且紧邻所述第二外纸层,使所述有粘结性的石膏基浆料在所述外纸层之间凝固;
将所述石膏板切割成所需尺寸。
7.如权利要求6所述的制造增强石膏板的方法,其特征在于,所述增强材料网与所述的第二外纸层牢靠地接触。
8.如权利要求6或7所述的制造增强石膏板的方法,其特征在于,第一外纸层的侧边被向上翻起而形成了一个可以将有粘结性的石膏基浆料容放于其中的沟槽。
9.如权利要求8所述的制造增强石膏板的方法,其特征在于,第一外纸层的所述侧边被折叠并被粘结到第二外纸层上。
10.如权利要求6或7所述的制造增强石膏板的方法,其特征在于,它包括有利于胶凝的石膏基材料凝固的加热装置。
CN98807211.4A 1997-07-16 1998-07-16 增强的石膏板及其制造方法 Expired - Lifetime CN1107152C (zh)

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US20030171046A1 (en) 2003-09-11
WO1999004112A1 (en) 1999-01-28
CA2292544A1 (en) 1999-01-28
HK1029155A1 (en) 2001-03-23
US6547901B1 (en) 2003-04-15
ID26967A (id) 2001-02-22
AU742857B2 (en) 2002-01-17
JP2002508819A (ja) 2002-03-19
GB2340518B (en) 2001-11-28
CN1264450A (zh) 2000-08-23
GB9929017D0 (en) 2000-02-02

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