CN1130346A - 锚固件及其调整工具 - Google Patents
锚固件及其调整工具 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
- A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
- A61B17/7035—Screws or hooks, wherein a rod-clamping part and a bone-anchoring part can pivot relative to each other
- A61B17/7037—Screws or hooks, wherein a rod-clamping part and a bone-anchoring part can pivot relative to each other wherein pivoting is blocked when the rod is clamped
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
- A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
- A61B17/7002—Longitudinal elements, e.g. rods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
- A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
- A61B17/7032—Screws or hooks with U-shaped head or back through which longitudinal rods pass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
- A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
- A61B17/7002—Longitudinal elements, e.g. rods
- A61B17/7004—Longitudinal elements, e.g. rods with a cross-section which varies along its length
- A61B17/7005—Parts of the longitudinal elements, e.g. their ends, being specially adapted to fit in the screw or hook heads
Abstract
一种锚固件,设有一用于锚固于骨骼中的柄和一用于与棒料相连接的头部,该头部具有基本上呈U形的横截面,且其底部与柄相连接,其两侧壁形成一夹持棒料的通槽。两侧壁具有一内螺纹和一外螺纹,分别与锁外螺纹和锁紧螺母的内螺纹相配合。此外锚固件还包括一作用于需夹紧棒料的弹性件,使锚固件与棒料形成坚固的连接,且在最终锁定前准确调整锚固件和棒料间的相对位置易于操作。
Description
本发明涉及一种如权利要求1前序部分所述的锚固件及其一种调整工具。
这样的锚固件的公开见文献DE4234118A。该种锚固件特别适用于与需夹持的棒料相连接。为了重调这种锚固件,必须暂时松开螺母和锁定件,以使锚固件和棒料间可相对移动。文献DE3722590C公开了一种定位装置,用于稳定脊柱段,利用该脊柱段时,将棒料设计成一螺杆,并且,通过两个连接在锚固件外侧的螺母,可以将棒料固定在锚固件上,上述两个螺母在螺杆上是可调节的。为了重调棒料和锚固件间的相对位置,上述两个螺母分别在螺杆上可相应转动。
本发明的目的是,提供一种上述类型的锚固件及其调整工具,用该调整工具,一方面,可使锚固件和棒料间的连接可靠,另一方面,还可使调整易于操作。
这一发明目的是通过如权利要求1所述的锚固件及权利要求28和39所述的调整工具得以实现的。
本发明的其它实施形式在从属权利要求中限定。
本发明的其它特征和优点通过下面参照附图对实施例的描述得出。
图中:
图1为一锚固件在相互垂直的两侧视方向上的侧视图;
图2为第一个实施形式的锚固件的一部分的剖视图,其中置有一棒料;
图3为沿图2中线III—III的剖视图;
图4为第二实施形式的剖视图;
图5为沿图4中线V—V的剖视图;
图6为第三实施形式的剖视图;
图7为沿图6中线VII—VII的剖视图;
图8为另外一个经过修改的实施形式的剖视图;
图8a为图8一细节构造的放大详图;
图9为沿图8中线IX—IX的部视图;
图10为图8所示实施例的剖件分解图;
图11为另外一个已修改的实施形式的剖视图;
图12为沿图11中线XII—XII的剖视图;
图13为图11和12中所示实施形式的部件分解图;
图14为沿图13中线XIV—XIV的图13一部分的剖视图;
图15为一另外实施形式的部件分解图;
图15a为沿图15中线XV—XV的剖视图;
图16为该实施形式处于组装状态的表示图;
图17为沿图16中线XVII—XVII的剖视图;
图18为一另外实施形式的剖视图;
图19为该实施形式的部件分解图;
图20为一详图;
图20a为沿图20中 线XX—XX的剖视图;
图21为一调整工具的局部剖视图;
图22为锚固件的剖视图,其中置有棒料并插入有调整工具。
图1所示锚固件包括一个用于插入脊柱中的带有螺丝柄2和头部3螺丝1,该头部3具有一个相对螺丝柄2的中心轴线对称的U型凹槽4,其底部5位于具有螺丝柄的一侧。两侧独立的侧壁6、7构成头部的U型凹槽的侧壁。在由U型凹槽4所形成的通槽的内部,设有一个带有内螺纹8的孔,该孔与螺丝柄2的中心轴线同轴。而头部3本身亦为圆柱形并具有外螺纹8′。
为了能用该螺丝将一棒料9锚固住,设有一个设计成螺丝的锁定件10。该锁定件10具有与内螺纹8相配合的外螺纹,以便旋入U型凹槽4。锁定件10还具有一同轴的凹槽,用于与六角凹头螺钉工具相嵌接。此外,还设有一个包围住两个U型侧壁6、7外侧的构件,该构件即为锁紧螺母11,其螺纹与外螺纹8′相配合。内螺纹8和相应的锁定件10上螺纹的旋向最好与外螺纹8′和锁紧螺母11的螺纹旋向相反。如图3所示,U型凹槽的底部5的半径大于要夹紧的棒料9的半径,以棒料9可轻松进出U型凹槽为准。内螺纹8和外螺纹8′分别向下延伸,即向底部5的方向延伸,使其在中心对称轴线上的投影相距底部5的距离小于待夹紧棒料9的直径。
如图1所示,锚固件的螺丝柄2可代之以吊钩12。该吊钩亦用于与一脊柱构件相连接,此时,吊钩置于脊椎骨的弧形部分。
在图2和3所示的第一个实施例的情况下,其U型凹槽的底部设计成拱形。该拱形部分具有一个第一中间凹部分13和两个向上凸出而拱起的第二部分14、15,这两个拱起第二部分14、15相对螺丝的中心轴线对称布置。两个拱起第二部分的各自的最高点到螺丝中心轴线的距离与内螺纹8和外螺纹8′的两半径之间的中点16到螺丝中心轴线的距离基本上相等。正如图3所示的那样,头部3具有一对相互偏置180°的孔17、18,这两个孔17、18相对U型凹槽4基本上均偏置90°,并且用于与操作工具,如夹管钳,相接合。
如图2所示,在由凹槽4所形成的通槽的底部5,置有一杆状弹性件19。为此,底部的两个向上凸出而拱起的第二部分均有一沟槽容纳弹性件19的端部。在其中的一端,用激光点焊机将弹性件19焊住。如图2所示,弹性件19向凹槽开口方向凸起,以使在没有附加的力作用于棒料9时,棒料9可被推离底部一定距离,从而离开两个凸起部分。
在上面所述实施例中,将弹性件19设计成杆状。弹性件亦可设计成其它形状。特别是,可将其设计成片弹簧,并且亦用类似方法置入凹槽内。亦可以是一压力弹簧,设置在与螺丝对称轴线对中位置。在用片弹簧或杆状弹性件时,最好沿凹槽的纵向中心轴线对中延伸设置。
在使用中,首先是将棒料9置入由凹槽4所构成的通槽中。锁紧螺母11较松地拧上,从而通过较小的夹紧力将棒料9保持在一所选定的位置,但弹性件19还没有被压变形。接着将固定件10旋入,与棒料9摩擦接触。特别是通过锁紧螺母11和弹性件19的共同的夹紧作用,将棒料9夹紧固定在其所在位置上。在每个脊柱段,均相应地设有一锚固件,并且在由手术操作者首先选定的位置上,将其与棒料9夹紧。
随后,将脊柱段一段接一段地调整好,在调整过程中,必须要调整每个锚固件相对棒料纵轴线紧固棒料的位置。为此,在棒料的临近锁紧螺母11的相对的两侧位置上,在锚固件上有一个沿图2所示箭头相反方向作用于棒料9上的力,使棒料脱离锁紧螺母11和固定件10,从而可沿平行于棒料轴线方向,将棒料轻松地调整到准确调整所确定的位置。此后,松开棒料,并将其紧固在图2所示位置上。这一调整过程如若需要可重复进行。随后,锁紧螺母11被锁紧,使棒料9将弹性件19压向底部,从而在锁紧螺母11和底部之间将棒料9紧紧锁住。其后,将锁定件10旋向棒料,直至在棒料上作用有所期望的锁紧力。这样,锁紧螺母11可在其位置上夹紧,且以后也不会松动。
图4和5所示实施形式与上述实施形式的不同特征在于:棒料9外表面设计成螺纹21;并且,锁紧螺母11朝向棒料9的一侧有如图10所示的向外凸出的环22;该环22的尺寸选择与螺纹21的类型有关,应使其与螺纹21在其旋向棒料后的位置上相接合,如图4所示。
在该第二实施形式的使用过程中,首先要将锁紧螺母11和锁定件10旋入图4所示位置,其中,锚固件和棒料间的相对位置通过夹紧作用及环22与螺纹21相接合而固定。当随后精密调整时,可如上所述,沿箭头20所示相反方向,即沿弹性件偏压相反方向,向下压棒料9,从而使环22与螺纹及锁紧螺母和锁定件与棒料9之间脱离接触。在向下压棒料情况下,依据脊柱段所希望的调整,移动该棒料。在其达到新的所希望的位置后,松开作用于棒料上的压力,从而再一次得到如图4所示的锁紧位置。最终固定时,首先要将锁紧螺母和锁定件再一次旋向底部5,使其中的每一件均在棒料9上作用有所期望的夹紧力,并使锁紧螺母11亦锁住。
图6和7所示实施形式与上述第二个实施形式的不同之处在于:锁紧螺母按与第一个实施形式相同的方式设计,锁定件10具有一个相应于环22的环23,而环23在锁定件与棒料相接触时与螺纹相啮合,并且在其和弹性件19所产生的夹紧力的共同作用下,防止棒料9相对锚固件轴向移动。精密调整和最终锁紧方式同第二个实施例。
图8至10所示的第四个实施例与前述第二和第三个实施例的不同之处在于:锁紧螺母如同第二个实施例亦是有环22,且锁定件如第三个实施例具有环23。在操作过程中,粗调和精密调整亦要沿箭头20所示相反方向向下压棒料9,而其后的最终锁紧方式亦同前述实施例。在由弹性件19的弹性力所产生的夹紧状态下,上述两个环22和23与螺纹21相接合,从而起到锁住棒料,防止其相对锚固件轴向移动的作用。
图11至14所示的另一实施形式与前述实施形式的不同之处在于:弹性件不设在构成通槽的凹槽4的底部,而是设在其轴向相对的另一侧。设计有螺丝柄或吊钩的锚固件具有一个带有构成一通槽的凹槽54的头部53。该通槽由通槽底部55和两侧壁56、57构成。同前述实施形式一样,亦设有一内螺纹58和一外螺纹58′。上述通槽用来容纳一棒料59,其形状与棒料9相同。还设有一锁紧螺母61,其结构与第一个实施例的锁紧螺母11相同。
与以上所述的实施例不同,该实施例的通槽底部55如图14所示具有沿基本上垂直于螺纹轴线方向延伸的直线形状。在沟槽底部两侧设有两突出部分74、75,它们向通槽开口一侧方向向上突出。最好将突出部分74和75设在通槽的对称平面内。其形状与棒料59的螺纹71形状有关,应使其在与棒料59相接触时可与螺纹相配合。两个突出部分74和75均相距螺纹轴线有一定距离,使每个突出部分均大致位于内螺纹58半径和外螺纹58′半径之间的中心位置。
该实施例还设有一调整头76。它包括一螺纹部分77,其外螺纹与内螺纹58相配合。螺纹部分77在其装配后朝向通槽底部一侧设有一同轴的盲孔78,它用于容纳一压簧79。在离开盲孔底部一侧设有一个球80。压簧79的尺寸选择应保证,它可使球80保持在向外伸出超出螺纹部分的端面81一预定的量,如图13所示。
在偏离端面81的一侧,调整头包括一圆柱部分82,其直径大于螺纹部分的直径,从而在其朝向螺纹部分一侧形成径向延伸出的止挡肩83。圆柱部分82在其偏离螺纹部分77的一侧,具有一同心的六角孔84,用于插入螺纹工具。
在实际操作时,如图11所示,首先将棒料59置入通槽。轻松地拧上锁紧螺母61,然后将调整头拧入至其止挡位置。螺纹部分77的轴向长度与侧壁56、57的长度和棒料59的直径尺寸有关,应这样选取,当旋入调整头至止挡位置时,由压簧79和球80的共同作用,在棒料59产生一压力,该压力的大小应保证使棒料59和两突出部分74、75之间牢固配合,从而使棒料59不能相对锚固件移动。为进行上述的精密调整,沿箭头85方向向调整头方向移动棒料59,直至突出部分74、75和螺纹71之间的啮合脱离开。在处于该脱离啮合位置时,棒料59可相对锚固件横向移动,移至相应于精确调整的位置。在棒料59移动完之后,将其松开,从而由于压簧59的加载使突出部分74、75与螺纹再一次啮合处于锁紧位置。
在精确调整后,将锁紧螺母11向底部方向旋转,直至在棒料59上作用有一所期望的夹紧力。一般来说,使调整头保持在其原位置是可能的。但是,最好还是这样设计锚固件,使其除了有调整头76外,还设有相应于第一个实施形式的锁定件10的螺纹。在调整后,将调整头拧下,用一锁定件10取而代之,将该锁定件10拧入,使棒料59上作用有一所期望的夹紧力,从而在锁紧螺母61和侧缘56、57之间产生夹紧作用,以防止锁紧螺母自动脱松。在上述实施例中,棒料9或59不是设计成光滑棒料就是设计成螺纹棒料。除了螺纹棒料之外,棒料还可设计成具有左右交叉螺纹的表面或径向延伸的沟纹槽表面。棒料9或59还可这样设计,在与环22、23或突出部分74、75相配合一侧,具有一齿条结构。
图15至17所示实施形式中有一带有一螺纹头103的锚固件,该螺纹头103与第一个实施例的螺纹头3相当,只是该螺纹头103不具有弹性件。棒料9相应于第一个实施例的棒料9,同样,锁紧螺母11相当于第一个实施例的锁紧螺母11。锁紧作用是通过设有一锁定件110来实现的,锁定件110设计成圆柱形构件,并且在其外侧具有螺纹,该螺纹与头部3的内螺纹相配合。在其朝向通槽底部的一侧,锁定件110具有一弹性件119。它还包括一盲孔,其中设有一压簧120,在盲孔的出口侧,该压簧120上带有一个球121。该压簧的尺寸应这样选择,使球向外突出于锁定件的端面一预定的量。在相对的另一端面上,锁定件110具有一同轴的六角孔122,用于容纳螺纹连接用工具。
在实际操作时,首先将棒料9置入通槽。其后旋入锁紧螺母11,并使锁紧螺母11和棒料9之间还留有间隙。然后,旋入锁定件110,使在锁定件的朝向棒料9的端面和棒料之间还留有间隙,并且,使弹性件119上的球与棒料9相接触,从而使弹性件119在棒料9上作用有一个力,以保证棒料9被支承在突出部分14、15上,并且弹性件119在棒料9的另一侧亦起作用,以防止棒料9相对锚固件移动。
出于精确调整的目的,若要移动棒料9,不用调整锁定件,只需通过向一个方向或另一个方向牵拉棒料9,以克服夹紧力。在精确调整后,首先将锁紧螺母11旋紧,以得到所期望的夹紧力。其后,再将锁定件110旋紧一预定的量,从而保证在侧壁6、7和锁紧螺母之间有足够的夹紧作用,以防止其自动脱松。
图19至20a所示实施形式与前述实施形式的不同之处特别在于:螺丝为所谓的多轴螺丝,其中,容纳棒料的螺丝头可转动地与相应的螺丝柄相连接。对该实施例的对应于上述实施例的部分,采用相同的附图标记。
螺丝101具有一螺丝柄120和一个含有一球截体形状部分的头部103。此外,还设有一容纳螺丝的头部103的圆柱形座部分104。该座部分104在其一端具有一个第一孔105,用于通过螺丝柄102。与该第一孔105相邻有一内空心球部分106,用于与球形的螺丝头103相配合。在与第一孔105相对的另一侧还设有一个第二孔107,用于引入螺丝柄102和螺丝头103。圆柱形座部分具有一个相对螺丝柄轴线对称布置的U型凹槽。如同第一个实施例一样,构成U型凹槽的头部的侧壁由两侧壁108、109形成。在由U型凹槽所形成的通槽内部,设有一个与螺丝柄的中心轴线同轴的孔,该孔带有内螺纹110。头部104在其外侧具有外螺纹111′。还设有一个作用在头部103上的抗压构件111,它是这样构成的,即在面对螺丝头103的一侧,它具有一球面沉孔112,其半径基本上与头部103的球截体形状部分的半径相等。抗压构件的外直径应这样选取,即可使其在圆柱形凹槽内可来回移动。抗压构件的表面在远离头部103的一侧具有一圆柱形凹槽112,该凹槽沿垂直于螺丝轴线方向延伸。同第一个实施例相当,相应于弹性件19的弹性件113设在该凹槽的底部。在装配时,如图18所示将零件102、103和111组装起来。为了将圆柱形凹槽112的轴线位置正好定位于U型沟槽的对称平面内,在装配时,通过将其弯曲通过孔114、115,将其固定在所在位置上,见图20。
此外,同第一个实施例一样,亦设有一锁定件10和一锁紧螺母11。
在实际操作时,用如图18所示的方式,将棒料9置入已预安装的锚固件的U型凹槽中。随后,进行第一次锁定、精密调整和最终锁定,其方式同第一个实施例,利用锁定件10和锁紧螺母11来进行。
在上面所述的这个实施例中,已描述了与前面所述的第一个实施例有关的可移动的头部。不用光棒料9,棒料9可采用相当上述实施例的有纹理的表面。锁定件10和锁紧螺母11,可分别包括环22或环23,如同上述实施例一样。最后,可利用一相当于调整头76的调整头,以取代弹性件113,或者利用一带有弹性件的锁定件110。
例如,一棒料91的表面包括波形螺纹或圆螺纹25,见图22。
如图21所示的调整工具150用于调整座部分104相对棒料的位置,并用来在座部分104内,将多头螺丝的头部103锁住。该调整工具包括一外壳,该外壳具有一圆柱形套管151和一端面152。与端面152相邻接的套管151区域具有相应于座部分104的内螺纹110的外螺纹153。在端面152上开有圆形小孔154。在套管的内部邻接小孔154,设有一直径大于小孔154的直径的同轴的孔155。该孔155一直延伸到套管151的相对端面152的另一端,以使外壳在这另一端有开口。上述套管在相对端面152的对面一端有内螺纹156。此外,在套管的具有内螺纹156的这一部分上,上述外壳还包括一部分157,该部分157在与套管151的轴线相垂直的平面内具有六角形截面,用于与扳手相配合。
此外,调整工具还包括一压力件158,该压力件158位于套管的内部,并具有一第一圆柱部分159和相邻的第二圆柱部分160,而且第一圆柱部分的外径稍微小于孔155的直径,第二圆柱部分160的外径稍稍小于小孔154的直径,从而使得随着压力件158的第二圆柱部分160向外伸出小孔154,压力件158在孔155内可轴向移动。调整工具此外还包括一压力弹簧,该压力弹簧位于孔155内并作用于压力件158,它由直径稍稍小于孔155的直径的叠片式碟形弹簧161构成。此外,在孔155内,在压力件158的对面的碟形弹簧161的一侧,还设有一圆柱形压力构件162,作用于碟形弹簧161上。压力构件162的外径稍稍小于孔155的直径,以便可易于使其沿轴向方向在孔155内移动。压力构件162是通过一螺丝163压在碟形弹簧161上的,螺丝163置于孔155内并作用于压力构件162上。螺丝163具有旋入套管的内螺纹156内的外螺纹164。螺丝163此外还包括一中央六角形凹槽165,用于与一六角形凹头螺丝扳手相接合。
压力件158的第二圆柱部分160包括设在其由孔154向外伸出的端面上的一环形突出部分160a,而该环是通过在第二圆柱部分160的端面内的一同心圆形凹槽所形成的。环形突出部分160a的棱已倒角。环形突出部分160a的直径相应于待容纳的棒料91的圆形螺纹25的节距的整数倍,并且,其高度小于圆形螺纹25的高度,从而使得环形突出部分160a的各自相对的区域分别与棒料91的螺纹线相配合。
在操作时,在棒料上的单个锚固件的位置的精密调整是逐段进行的。
为此,将锁紧螺母11松动地拧在如图22所示的有一棒料91置入其中的已预安装的锚固件上,其后,将调整工具旋入侧缘的内螺纹110内,直至借助于由碟形弹簧161预加载的压力件158将棒料91压在位于头部103上的抗压构件111上。从而,锁住了头部103相对部分104的移动。同时,环形突出部分160a与棒料91的圆形螺纹25的螺纹线相配合,使得在没有外力作用下,棒料在如图22所示的平行于棒料轴线的箭头170方向上不能移动。透过螺丝163借助于压力构件162,可用压缩碟形弹簧161的方法适当地调节压力件158的预载荷。
为了准确地调整座部分104相对棒料91的位置,随后通过手推或拉的方法,可将棒料91在如图22所示的平行于棒料轴线的箭头170所示方向上重新定位,而将调整工具用作一棘爪。在此期间,压力件158的环形突出部分160a的相应部分与棒料91的圆形螺纹25脱开,从而可沿如图22中的箭头171所示与其预加载方向相反的方向,移动压力件158,直至环形突出部分160a进入螺纹的下一个螺纹线,并且压力件158再一次处于其预加载位置。调节棒料91和座部分104的相对位置所需的力与压力件158的预加载荷有关。
调整工具的优点在于,它允许一步一步地相应于棒料91的螺纹25的节距准确调节。准确调节是容易进行的,这是因为环形突出部分160a进入圆形螺纹的螺纹线是容易通过声音感觉到的。
Claims (39)
1.一种锚固件,它包括一用于锚固于骨骼中的柄(2,12)和一用于与一棒料(9,59)相连接的头部(3,53),该头部具有基本上呈U型的横截面,并有一个与上述柄(2,12)相连的底部(5,55)和两个形成一通槽以容纳所说棒料(9,59)的独立的侧壁(6,7;56,57),而所说侧壁则具有一个内螺纹(8,58)和一个外螺纹(8′58′),该锚固件还包括一个包围在所说侧壁(6,7;56,57)的外侧并与其外螺纹相配合的锁紧螺母(11,61)和一个具有与所说侧缘的内螺纹相配合的螺纹的锁定件(10),其特征在于:设有一个作用于需夹紧的棒料(9,59)的弹性件(19,79)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的锚固件,其特征在于:一弹性件(19,79)设在通槽底部位置。
3.根据权利要求1所述的锚固件,其特征在于:所说弹性件(19,79)在平行于柄的轴线方向加载。
4.根据权利要求3所述的锚固件,其特征在于:所说弹性件(9)朝所说通槽的开口端方向加载。
5.根据权利要求1至4中的任意一项所述的锚固件,其特征在于:所说弹性件(19)设计成一在平行于所说通槽对称轴线方向上延伸的杆状弹簧或片状弹簧。
6.根据权利要求5所述的锚固件,其特征在于:所说弹性件(19)朝所说通槽的开口端方向凸起。
7.根据权利要求6所述的锚固件,其特征在于:所说弹性件(19)焊在所说通槽的一边缘处。
8.根据权利要求1至7中的任意一项所述的锚固件,其特征在于:在所说通槽底部设有与所说弹性件的形状相匹配的沟槽,用以将所说弹性件压入该沟槽。
9.根据权利要求1至8中的任意一项所述的锚固件,其特征在于:所说U型凹槽的底部在其垂直于其U型横截面的方向具有一拱形部分。
10.根据权利要求9所述的锚固件,其特征在于:所说底部的边缘向外朝所说柄倾斜。
11.根据权利要求1至10中的任意一项所述的锚固件,其特征在于:一沟槽设在所说通槽的底部(5),且该沟槽与所说第一内螺纹同轴。
12.根据权利要求1至11中的任意一项所述的锚固件,其特征在于:所说拱形部分包括一个向中心凹进的部分。
13.根据权利要求12所述的锚固件,其特征在于:所说拱形部分包括分别相距中心有一定距离的向上凸出拱起部分。
14.根据权利要求12所述的锚固件,其特征在于:拱起部分(21,22)到中心的距离基本上与内螺纹(8)半径和外螺纹(11)半径间的中点到中心的距离相等。
15.根据权利要求10至14中的任意一项所述的锚固件,其特征在于:所说弹性件位于向外倾斜的边缘上。
16.根据权利要求1至15中的任意一项所述的锚固件,其特征在于:所说棒料具有有纹理的表面。
17.根据权利要求16所述的锚固件,其特征在于:所说表面由沿周向延伸的螺纹、交叉螺纹或沟纹槽构成。
18.根据权利要求16所述的锚固件,其特征在于:所说表面由其一侧具有齿条结构,所说齿条结构沿平行于棒料轴线方向延伸。
19.根据权利要求1至18中的任意一项所述的锚固件,其特征在于:所说锁紧螺母和/或所说锁定件在其朝向所说棒料一侧具有用于与所说有纹理的表面相接合的一组成部分。
20.根据权利要求19所述的锚固件,其特征在于:所说组成部分设计成向外突起的边缘。
21.根据权利要求1至20中的任意一项所述的锚固件,其特征在于:在所说通槽底部至少设有一个由底部表面向底部开口端方向突起的突出部分。
22.根据权利要求21所述的锚固件,其特征在于:所说锁定件具有一个沿朝向所说棒料的同轴方向弹性加载并向所说通槽底部加载所说棒料的弹簧。
23.根据权利要求22所述的锚固件,其特征在于:所说锁定件具有一个止挡肩,用于限定进入通槽的螺纹路径。
24.根据权利要求23所述的锚固件,其特征在于:设有一个没有止挡肩的螺纹构件用于最终的锁定。
25.根据权利要求1至24中的任意一项所述的锚固件,其特征在于:所说柄设计成螺纹柄或吊钩柄。
26.根据权利要求1至2中的任意一项所述的锚固件,其特征在于:夹紧所说棒料(9)的头部部分可转动地与所说柄(102)相连接。
27.根据权利要求15至26中的任意一项所述的锚固件,其特征在于:所说棒料(91)的表面包括波形螺纹。
28.一种用于一种锚固件的调整工具,所说锚固件包括一用于锚固于骨骼中的柄(102)和一用于与一棒料(91)相连接的头部(103),该头部具有基本上呈U型的横截面,并在其底部与上述柄(102)相连,此外,该头部还包括两个形成一夹持所说棒料的通槽并具有一内螺纹(110)的侧壁(108,109),所说调整工具包括一外壳,该外壳具有一套管(151)和一端面(152),在与端面(152)相邻的套管(151)的区域具有相应于所说侧壁(108,109)的内螺纹(110)的外螺纹(153),在所说端面(152)上有一个小孔(154),一孔(155)与其相邻,上述调整工具还包括一压力件(158)和一压力弹簧(161),该压力弹簧(161)位于所说孔(155)内并作用于所说压力件(158)上,所说压力弹簧对所说压力件(158)预加载以使其从所说小孔(154)向外伸出。
29.根据权利要求28所述的调整工具,其特征在于:所说外壳是圆柱形的,并且,在与所说端面(152)对面的一端,包括一个用于与螺纹连接工具相接合的部分。
30.根据权利要求28或29所述的调整工具,其特征在于:在所说外壳端面(152)上的所说小孔(154)是圆形的,并且其直径小于所说孔(155)的直径。
31.根据权利要求30所述的调整工具,其特征在于:所说压力件(158)包括一个第一圆柱部分和一个与其相邻的第二圆柱部分(160),所说第一圆柱部分位于所说孔(155)内,其直径的大小应使得所说压力件可在所说孔(155)内沿轴向滑动,所说第二圆柱部分(160)延伸穿过所说小孔(154),其直径小于所说小孔(154)的直径且穿过所说小孔(154)向外伸出,从而所说压力件(158)在预加载状态下,紧靠在所说外壳的端面(152)的面向所说孔(155)的一侧。
32.根据权利要求31或32所述的调整工具,其特征在于:需夹持的所说棒料(91)的表面具有螺纹,特别是圆形螺纹(25)。
33.根据权利要求31或32所述的调整工具,其特征在于:所说压力件(158)的第二圆柱部分(160)在其由所说小孔(154)向外突出的端部的端面上具有一环形突出部分(160a)。
34.根据权利要求33所述的调整工具,其特征在于:所说环形突出部分(160a)的尺寸选择应使所说环形突出部分(160a)可嵌入所说棒料(91)的螺纹(25)。
35.根据权利要求28至34中的任意一项所述的调整工具,其特征在于:所说外壳在与所说端面(152)相对的一端是开口的,并且,在与该端相邻的所说套管(151)的区域内设有一内螺纹(164)。
36.根据权利要求35所述的调整工具,其特征在于:在远离所说压力件(158)的压力弹簧(161)的一端,一压力构件(162)设置在所说孔(155)内,且作用于所说压力弹簧(161),并且,还设有一个作用于所说压力构件(162)的锁定件,该锁定件为与所说套管的内螺纹相配合的螺丝(163)。
37.根据权利要求28至36中的任意一项所述的调整工具,其特征在于:所说压力弹簧由叠片式碟形弹簧(161)构成。
38.根据权利要求28至37中的任意一项所述的调整工具,其特征在于:所说压力弹簧(161)的预加载是可调节的。
39.一种调整工具,用来调节一棒料(91)相对一种已知的多轴螺丝的座部分(104)的位置,它包括一外壳,该外壳具有一套管(151)和一端面(152),在与所说端面(152)相邻的所说套管(151)区域具有相应于所说座部分(104)的内螺纹的外螺纹,在所说端面(152)上有一个小孔(154),一孔(1 55)与其邻接,所说调整工具还包括一压力件(158)和一压力弹簧(161),该压力弹簧(161)位于所说孔(155)的内部,并作用于所说压力件(158)上,用以预加载所说压力件(158),以使其从所说小孔(154)向外伸出。
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DEP4425357.5 | 1994-07-18 | ||
DE4425357A DE4425357C2 (de) | 1994-07-18 | 1994-07-18 | Verankerungselement |
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EP (1) | EP0719116B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2971137B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100359666B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1130346A (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE194064T1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2171474A1 (zh) |
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- 1995-03-01 CA CA002171474A patent/CA2171474A1/en not_active Abandoned
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- 1995-03-01 EP EP95911277A patent/EP0719116B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1995-03-01 KR KR1019960701371A patent/KR100359666B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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CN101011289B (zh) * | 2005-08-29 | 2010-05-19 | 伯德比德尔曼股份公司 | 带有间接形状适配部的摩擦螺杆连接装置 |
CN1965769B (zh) * | 2005-10-12 | 2012-11-21 | 比德曼莫泰赫有限公司 | 骨锚固装置 |
CN104856749A (zh) * | 2009-12-21 | 2015-08-26 | 比德曼莫泰赫有限责任两合公司 | 骨锚固装置 |
CN104856749B (zh) * | 2009-12-21 | 2017-06-06 | 比德曼莫泰赫有限责任两合公司 | 骨锚固装置 |
CN103040515A (zh) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-04-17 | 苏州欣荣博尔特医疗器械有限公司 | 脊柱多轴螺钉 |
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CN109124749A (zh) * | 2018-07-31 | 2019-01-04 | 何伟义 | 一种低切迹的至简型微动态椎弓根钉 |
CN113100898A (zh) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-07-13 | 电子科技大学 | 脊椎生长检测的智能生长棒及控制方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH09503148A (ja) | 1997-03-31 |
KR100359666B1 (ko) | 2003-05-12 |
DE4425357A1 (de) | 1996-02-01 |
WO1996002198A1 (de) | 1996-02-01 |
DE4425357C2 (de) | 1996-07-04 |
DE59508515D1 (de) | 2000-08-03 |
US5716356A (en) | 1998-02-10 |
ATE194064T1 (de) | 2000-07-15 |
EP0719116A1 (de) | 1996-07-03 |
CA2171474A1 (en) | 1996-02-01 |
JP2971137B2 (ja) | 1999-11-02 |
EP0719116B1 (de) | 2000-06-28 |
KR960704492A (ko) | 1996-10-09 |
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