CN1134654C - 具有用于压力传感器的隔离部件的变送器 - Google Patents

具有用于压力传感器的隔离部件的变送器 Download PDF

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CN1134654C
CN1134654C CNB988029529A CN98802952A CN1134654C CN 1134654 C CN1134654 C CN 1134654C CN B988029529 A CNB988029529 A CN B988029529A CN 98802952 A CN98802952 A CN 98802952A CN 1134654 C CN1134654 C CN 1134654C
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sensor
transmitter
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pressure
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CN1249812A (zh
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王天顺
弗雷德·C·西特勒
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Rosemount Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L19/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
    • G01L19/04—Means for compensating for effects of changes of temperature, i.e. other than electric compensation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L19/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
    • G01L19/0007—Fluidic connecting means
    • G01L19/0046—Fluidic connecting means using isolation membranes

Abstract

过程控制变送器(10)包含变送器外壳(12)和用于提供与所测的压力相关的变送器输出的变送器电路(20)。外壳(12)内的传感器联接器(42)限定出填充隔离流体的压力传感器腔体。隔离膜片(46)将传感器腔体和工艺流体隔离并用于在其间传送压力。压力传感器(16)被安装在传感器腔体内并向变送器电路(20)提供与压力相关的输出。热补偿元件(44)与传感器腔体相连，并具有不同于传感器联接器(42)的热膨胀系数。补偿元件(44)用于补偿由于元件或隔离流体的热膨胀所造成的压力变化。

Description

具有用于压力传感器的隔离部件的变送器
技术领域
本发明涉及用于监控工业过程的压力的压力变送器。更具体的涉及用于变送器中的压力传感器的隔离部件。
背景技术
压力变送器使用具有隔离膜片(isolation diaphragm)的隔离部件，其中的隔离膜片将安装在变送器中的压力传感器内的压力传感器与要被测量的工艺流体相隔离。压力被从隔离膜片传送到容纳传感器的传感器联接器的传感器腔体和基本上不可压缩的隔离流体。隔离流体的压力反映出工艺流体的压力，且压力传感器对应地提供输出。美国专利第4833922号题目为“模块压力变送器”、美国专利第5094109号题目为“具有应力隔离降低的压力变送器”、和美国专利第5524492号题目为“压力变送器隔离膜片”中都示出了此种类型的压力变送器。
变送器中的元件的热膨胀会造成压力测量的误差。例如，隔离流体(特别是油)的压缩和热膨胀会在压力测量中引入误差。另外，隔离结构的元件的热膨胀也会在所测量的压力中造成误差。
发明内容
本发明包括用于测量工艺流体的压力的压力变送器。变送器包含：变送器外壳；在变送器外壳内的变送器电路，用于响应传感器输出提供相应输出；
传感器联接器，其与变送器外壳相连并且限定出传感器腔体，该腔体具有填充隔离流体的腔体体积，传感器联接器具有第一热膨胀系数；隔离膜片，其设置在工艺流体和传感器联接器之间，并与传感器联接器相连且在其中限定出传感器腔体，隔离膜片适合于将工艺流体的压力和传感器腔体内的隔离流体相连；压力传感器，其安装在传感器腔体内并与隔离流体相连，压力传感器向变送器电路提供传感器输出；及热补偿元件，其与所述传感器腔体相连并具有第二热膨胀系数，由此使得体积发生变化用以补偿由于传感器联接器及/或隔离流体的热膨胀所造成的压力变化。本发明的其它方面包含减少隔离流体的量，使用薄的隔离膜片和对隔离流体和相关的机械构件内的热膨胀进行补偿。
附图说明
图1为根据本发明的一个实施例的包括传感器结构的变送器的结构示意图；
图2为图1的传感器结构的截面示意图；
图3为传感器结构的部件分解透视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了根据本发明的具有变送器体12、法兰13和压力传感器部件14的压力变送器10。变送器体12包含传感器电路18和变送器电路20。压力传感器16被安装在部件14中并与传感器电路18相连。压力传感器1 6感应通道和法兰13中的压力P1。传感器电路18通过通讯总线22与变送器电路20相连。变送器电路20通过一个双线通讯电路26发送与工艺流体的压力P1相关的信息。例如，其可以是4-20mA电路环路或过程控制工业标准HART或Fieldbus环路。变送器10完全通过电路26从具有串联联接的电源29和电阻31的控制室27进行供电。
更具体的，压力传感器结构使用油作为隔离流体。用油填充通过隔离膜片与工艺流体隔离的腔体。当由于来自工艺流体的压力而使得膜片偏折时，其会对隔离流体造成压力，位于传感器结构中的压力传感器测量压力。此结构可防止具有腐蚀性的或破坏性的工艺流体接触到压力传感器。
本发明认识到现有技术的传感器结构在压力测量中会造成误差。首先，隔离膜片的位移需要一个力来移动膜片，其会减少施加到隔离流体上的压力。其结果，隔离流体的实际压力小于工艺流体的实际压力。通过设计膜片和传感器可减少此误差量，从而在整个的所测压力的范围内膜片产生较小的位移。第二，需要使用这样一种隔离膜片，其所引入的由于膜片位移所造成的压力误差小于压力传感器的最大的灵敏度。例如，具有直径为1英寸不锈钢的厚度为1密尔的隔离膜片的传感器结构的压力误差为0.0001磅/平方英寸及体积变化为1×10-4立方英寸。可被焊接到结构中的此类的压力传感器是最好的，因为当整体馈连时比线-连的传感器需要较少的油量，从而其可减少不必要的油的体积。
另外，通过将油的体积减到最小以及通过将构成油腔的结构的壁制造得尽可能的刚性可减少由于油的压缩所造成的误差。最后，本发明的一个特征在于可以减少通过元件的热膨胀和隔离流体的热膨胀所引入的误差。特别是，本发明在传感器结构中提供一个热补偿元件，用于补偿由于热膨胀所造成的尺寸的变化。
图2为根据本发明的一个实施例的压力传感器结构14的截面示意图。传感器部件14与变送器10的法兰13相连。根据本发明的传感器结构14包含传感器联接器42和提供热补偿元件的低膨胀套管44。隔离膜片46承受通道28的压力P1并在隔离膜片46和传感器联接器42的基本平滑的表面间限定出膜片腔48。传感器联接器42包括应力隔离区50，在其中的一个实施例中，该隔离区是在用于提供应力隔离的联接器42的底座中厚度减少的区域。在TIG(钨极惰性气体)焊缝54或通过其它的方法使套管44与传感器联接器42相连。传感器16在焊缝56与帽80相连。套管44通过焊接或其它的粘接方法与帽80相连，套管44包含低膨胀的陶瓷。套管的外腔58和套管的底部腔体60形成在套管44和传感器联接器42之间。套管的内腔62形成在套管44和压力传感器16之间。通道64将腔体58、60和62与腔体48相连，形成传感器腔体82，其中的传感器腔体82中填充非压缩隔离流体(诸如油)，从而膜片46上的压力被传递到压力传感器16。
图3示出压力传感器结构的部件分解图。类陶瓷的帽80密封住压力传感器16(图3中为示出)。帽80与其内形成有传感器腔体82的套管44相连，且套管44适合于在其内安装传感器16。套管44被安装在联接器42内。
在一个实施例中，隔离膜片46的直径为1英寸，腔体48的深度为0.005英寸，从而当填充油时可提供超压的保护。通道64的直径为0.02英寸，长度为0.200英寸。传感器16的截面可为长方形，并且在传感器16和形成套管内腔的套管44之间有0.008英寸的间隙。形成腔体60的间隙为0.005英寸，而形成套管外腔58的间隙为0.0015英寸。传感器联接器42和套管44为柱状。传感器联接器42可用316不锈钢制成，而用比不锈钢的膨胀系数低的材料(诸如陶瓷)制成低膨胀套管44(例如堇青石)，这些材料可从科罗拉多州，Golde的St.Albans、Vermont或Coors陶瓷公司的高性能技术陶瓷获得。堇青石的膨胀温度系数为2.1×10-6英寸/度。套管外腔58由环形帽构成，该环形帽的体积随温度的升高而增大，从而用于补偿结构14中的填充的流体或其它的元件的体积热膨胀。
通过对此设计的分析可看出，在-4度到52度之间的温度范围内腔体和流体系统的体积变化为2.23×10-5立方英寸。因此，由于传感器联接器的膨胀率大于堇青石，所以压力基本保持恒定，从而使得间隙58扩大用于补偿所填充流体油的膨胀。
这里所提出的特定的实施例仅是最佳的实施例，对其所做的各种的变化都在本发明的范围之内。本发明包含在由于将压力传感器和要被检测的压力相连的隔离流体内放置一个热补偿元件。通过选择热补偿元件使其以适宜的比率进行膨胀和收缩，其中所选的比率可补偿传感器结构隔离流体的构件或其它的元件的体积或空间的变化。在一个最佳的实施例中，隔离流体的总的体积被降低并使用在压力下基本不变形的压力传感器。本发明可使用各种类型的压力传感器用于测量静态压力、表压、差压等或其它的与压力相关的参数，诸如流量、高度或受元件的膨胀所影响的参数。本发明特别适合用于在过程控制仪器中的装置(诸如变送器)，在变送器中被检测的流体可能会是腐蚀性的或有污染的，这将导致对压力传感器的损坏。另外，所述的特定的尺寸、体积、形状等仅仅是针对最佳的设计，当为了精确或其它的适宜的限制时其可被改变。
虽然已经参考最佳的实施例对本发明进行了描述，对本领域的技术人员而言应该认识到在形式上和细节上所做的各种的修改都在本发明的范围之内。

Claims (12)

1.一种用于提供表示工艺流体的压力的输出的变送器，其特征在于包含：
变送器外壳；
在变送器外壳内的变送器电路，用于响应传感器输出提供相应输出；
传感器联接器，其与变送器外壳相连并且限定出传感器腔体，该腔体具有填充隔离流体的腔体体积，传感器联接器具有第一热膨胀系数；
隔离膜片，其设置在工艺流体和传感器联接器之间，并与传感器联接器相连且在其中限定出传感器腔体，隔离膜片适合于将工艺流体的压力和传感器腔体内的隔离流体相连；
压力传感器，其安装在传感器腔体内并与隔离流体相连，压力传感器向变送器电路提供传感器输出；及
热补偿元件，其与所述传感器腔体相连并具有第二热膨胀系数，用于补偿由于传感器联接器的热膨胀所造成的所述腔体体积的变化。
2.根据权利要求1所述的变送器，其特征在于热补偿元件被安装在由传感器联接器所限定的传感器腔体内。
3.根据权利要求1所述的变送器，其特征在于热补偿元件包括腔体且压力传感器被安装在腔体内。
4.根据权利要求1所述的变送器，其特征在于热补偿元件包括堇青石。
5.根据权利要求1所述的变送器，其特征在于第二热膨胀系数小于第一热膨胀系数。
6.根据权利要求1所述的变送器，其特征在于热补偿元件装配在传感器联接器内，而腔体体积包括形成在传感器联接器和热补偿元件之间的外腔。
7.根据权利要求1所述的变送器，其特征在于压力传感器被安装在热补偿元件内，而腔体体积包括被限定在热补偿元件和压力传感器之间的内腔。
8.根据权利要求1所述的变送器，其特征在于变送器电路输出包含4-20mA的信号。
9.根据权利要求1所述的变送器，其特征在于输出包含数字信号。
10.根据权利要求1所述的变送器，其特征在于压力传感器包含蓝宝石。
11.根据权利要求1所述的变送器，其特征在于传感器包含一端与传感器联接器相连的长形的元件。
12.根据权利要求1所述的变送器，其特征在于传感器联接器包括厚度减少的区域，其对压力传感器提供应力隔离。
CNB988029529A 1997-03-14 1998-03-06 具有用于压力传感器的隔离部件的变送器 Expired - Lifetime CN1134654C (zh)

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US08/818,379 1997-03-14
US08/818,379 US5731522A (en) 1997-03-14 1997-03-14 Transmitter with isolation assembly for pressure sensor

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CN1249812A CN1249812A (zh) 2000-04-05
CN1134654C true CN1134654C (zh) 2004-01-14

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WO (1) WO1998041833A1 (zh)

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GB9921573D0 (en) 1999-11-17
US5731522A (en) 1998-03-24
CN1249812A (zh) 2000-04-05
GB2338066A (en) 1999-12-08
GB2338066B (en) 2000-12-20
DE19882225T1 (de) 2000-03-16
CA2283588A1 (en) 1998-09-24
WO1998041833A1 (en) 1998-09-24

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