CN1146127C - 用于双频段收发信机的集成的发射机和接收机部件 - Google Patents

用于双频段收发信机的集成的发射机和接收机部件 Download PDF

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CN1146127C
CN1146127C CNB998150991A CN99815099A CN1146127C CN 1146127 C CN1146127 C CN 1146127C CN B998150991 A CNB998150991 A CN B998150991A CN 99815099 A CN99815099 A CN 99815099A CN 1146127 C CN1146127 C CN 1146127C
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frequency range
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A·蒙塔沃
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/005Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges
    • H04B1/0053Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges with common antenna for more than one band
    • H04B1/0057Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges with common antenna for more than one band using diplexing or multiplexing filters for selecting the desired band
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/005Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/005Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges
    • H04B1/0053Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges with common antenna for more than one band
    • H04B1/006Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges with common antenna for more than one band using switches for selecting the desired band
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/005Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges
    • H04B1/0067Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges with one or more circuit blocks in common for different bands
    • H04B1/0082Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges with one or more circuit blocks in common for different bands with a common local oscillator for more than one band

Abstract

提供有一种双频段无线电收发信机,它可选择地在第一频率和第二频率的任一个上发射和接收,其中该收发信机包括具有一个配置放大在第一频率上发射的信号的功率放大器和一个配置放大在第二频率上接收的信号的低噪声放大器的集成电路。该收发信机可进一步包括具有一个配置放大在第二频率上发射的信号的功率放大器和一个配置放大在第一频率上接收的信号的低噪声放大器的第二集成电路。

Description

用于双频段收发信机的集成的发射机和接收机部件
发明的领域
本发明涉及双频段无线电通信领域,更明确地涉及双频段收发信机部件的集成。
发明的背景
在目前的无线电话机(也称作移动电话、小区电话、移动站等等)市场上,在改善其性能的同时强烈需要减小无线电话机的尺寸和成本。减小无线电话机的尺寸和成本的一种方法是提高部件集成化水平。然而在现有技术中,接收机前端(包括低噪声放大器)和发射机功率放大器尚未被集成,因为发射机的功率放大器可能在接收机上产生干扰。发射机和接收机放大器的集成尚未实现,尽管事实上存在有利条件在同一衬底上配置低噪声接收机放大器作为发射机功率放大器去优化公用特性。
发明的综述
按照本发明的一个方面,提供了收发信机前端,可选择地在第一频率和第二频率的任一个上发射和接收,其中前端包括一个配置放大在第一频率上发射的信号的功率放大器和一个配置放大在第二频率接收的信号的低噪声放大器的集成电路。
按照本发明的另一个方面,收发信机进一步包括一个本地振荡器,且该集成电路包括一个连接到低噪声放大器和本地振荡器的下变换器,它转换在第二频率上的信号为中频。
按照本发明的再一个方面,该集成电路是第一集成电路,该收发信机进一步包括一个有配置放大在第二频率上传送信号的功率放大器和一个配置放大在第一频率上接收的信号的低噪声放大器的第二集成电路。该第二集成电路也可包括一个连接到低噪声放大器和本地振荡器的第二下变换器。另外,第一和第二集成电路的一个或两个可以包括一个砷化镓(GaAs)衬底。第一频率和第二频率可以是不同的频率。
按照本发明的另一个方面,公开了一种可选择地在第一频率和第二频段的任一个上发射和接收的收发信机,其中无线电设备有多级第一频段发射机、多级第一频段接收机、多级第二频段发射机、多级第二频段接收机。该收发信机包括有多级第一频段发射机的一级或几级和第二多频段接收机的一级或几级的第一衬底;和有多级第二频段发射机的一级或几级和多级第一频段接收机的一级或几级的第二衬底。另外,多级第一频段发射机的第一级包括功率放大器,且多级第一频段发射机的一级或几级包括功率放大器。加之,多级第二频段发射机的第一级包括功率放大器,且在第一衬底上的多级第二频段发射机的一级或几级包括功率放大器。另外,第一频率和第二频率接收机都可包括一个混频器。
按照本发明的另一个方面,公开了一种用于构成双频段收发信机前端的方法,其中该收发信机有多级第一频率发射机、多级第一频率接收机、多级第二频率发射机、多级第二频率接收机。该方法包括提供一个衬底;在该衬底上构成多级第一频率发射机的一级或几级;在同一衬底上构成多级第二频率接收机的一级或几级;构成第一频率发射机的一级或几级可包括在衬底上构成功率放大器,且构成多级第二频率接收机的一级或几级包括在衬底上构成低噪声放大器。该方法可以进一步包括在衬底上构成连接于低噪声放大器的下变换器。
按照本发明的再一个方面,该衬底可以是第一衬底,该方法进一步包括提供第二衬底,在该第二衬底上构成多级第二频率发射机的一级或几级和在该衬底上构成多级第一频率接收机的一级或几级。在这个第二衬底上构成的步骤也可以包括构成功率放大器、构成低噪声放大器和构成下变换器。
附图简述
结合附图考虑下述详细的说明将获得本发明的更全面的理解,其中
图1是一个可以实施本发明的示范例子的双频段无线电话的框图;
图2是本发明的第一个示范例子的框图,其中高频段接收机的前端和低频段功率发射机的前端被集成在一个衬底上,且低频段接收机的前端和高频段功率发射机的前端被集成在第二个衬底上;和
图3是举例说明另一个示范例子的第二个框图,其中接收机的前端仅包括和发射机的前端集成在衬底上的低噪声放大器。
详细说明
图1是一个采用本发明的示范例子的双频段无线电话10的框图。无线电话10包括天线12,用于发送和接收无线电频率信号。天线12连接于双工器14,双工器14包括多个滤波器,如在该领域所公知的那样,允许无线电话10在同一天线12上发射和接收。双工器14连接于包括多级接收机16和多级发射机18的收发信机。多级接收机16包括用于放大输入信号、下变频为中频、解调和解码(如果需要的话)的级。在本发明的这个示范例子中,多级接收机16包括高频段前端19和低频段前端20。如下面所将描述的那样,高频段前端19和低频段前端20都至少包括放大级且有利地包括下变频级。
在任一频段的无线电频率信号在天线12接收,通过双工器14发送给适当的高频段19或低频段20前端。两个前端19和20放大和通过用本地振荡器22产生的频率混合它们各自的信号下变频无线电频率信号,然后在中频滤波器(未示出但在该领域公知)滤波。解调器24从高频段前端19和低频段前端20接收中频信号且解调它们。或许存在其它的级,诸如在该领域公知的解码、去交织等等。信号被分离成为用于控制消息的控制信道和用于声音或数据的业务信道。声音被送给扬声器26,接收机16从控制信道发送消息给处理器28。
处理器28使用存储在存储器30中的程序和数据响应控制信道上消息控制无线电话机10的功能。处理器28也控制无线电话机10响应从用户接口32输入的操作。用户接口32包括一个作为用户输入设备的键盘34和一个通报信息给用户的显示器36。其它的设备经常包括在用户接口32中,诸如灯和专用按钮38。处理器28响应控制消息和用户输入分别经控制线39和40控制发射机18和接收机16的工作。
麦克风42接收声音输入,转换输入为模拟信号且将该模拟信号送给多级发射机18。来自麦克风42的信号在发射机接口44接收,发射机接口44确定移动基站广播的频段。该信号被传送给或者高频段调制器46或者低频段调制器48,它们按照它的工作标准编码和/或调制该信号。例如,如果低频段是一个模拟系统,那么低频段调制器48调制该信号到它的指定的频率上。另一方面,如果高频段是时分多址(TDMA)或GSM系统高频段调制器46转换该模拟信号为数字信号,以误差检测和校正信息编码该数据且从处理器28以控制消息多路复用该数据。合成的数据流调制在它的指定频率上。
来自高频段调制器46和低频段调制器48的作为结果的信号分别传送给高频段发射机前端50和低频段发射机前端52。在这个示范例子中,高频段发射机前端50和低频段发射机前端52级放大发射信号。作为结果的无线电信号通过双工器14和天线12广播到无线网络。
现在转向图2,示出了按照本发明的实施例的构成集成电路的第一个示范例子。提供了两个衬底200、202。在这个示范例子中,衬底200和202都由砷化镓(GaAs)构成,砷化镓优化放大器的性能。当然,也可以使用其它的材料。然后多级发射机和接收机的前端级在衬底200和202上构成。在本发明的这个示范例子中,低频段发射机前端204和高频段接收机前端206在衬底200上构成;低频段发射机前端204、高频段接收机前端206和衬底200一起形成集成电路部件207。高频段发射机前端208和低频段接收机前端210在衬底202上构成以产生类似的集成电路部件211。在这个示范例子中,低频段发射机前端204如在该领域所公知的那样包括两个放大器222和224和一个电容器226,高频段发射机前端208也包括两个放大器228、230和一个电容器232。高频段接收机前端206包括低噪声放大器级234和混频级236,低频段接收机前端210也包括低噪声放大器级238和混频级240。通过和其它的接收机构成一个频段发射机的级,在接收机处不存在来自的功率放大器干扰,因为它们不会在同一时间工作。
低噪声放大器级234和238分别连接于滤波器250和252,如在该领域所公知的,它们提供频段和图像滤波。混频器236和240通过以来自本地振荡器22的频率混合无线电频率信号而提供下变频级,该两个信号都在中频滤波器256中滤波,中频滤波器256在中频上提供信号给解调器24(图1)。
图2的示范例子有几个优点。第一,通过在收发信机中减少集成电路芯片数量,合成发射机功率放大器204、208和接收机前端206、210从而减少了成本。和大功率晶体管222、224、228和230相比,由接收机前端206、208消耗的电路面积将非常小,因此,增加接收机前端206、208所增加的成本将很小。当集成电路码片数量减少时,收发信机的总的面积减小了。另外,收发信机的接收机前端206和208的性能改善了。尽管事实上砷化镓提供了相对较好的性能(在噪声指数、增益和电流方面),目前有一个倾向朝着以硅而不是砷化镓来实现接收机前端。合成低噪声放大器和功率晶体管允许利用砷化镓改进的性能,同时最小化增加的成本。然而,缺点是集成电路207、211将有高引脚(连接器)数,因为必须有引脚用于图像滤波器250、252和本地振荡器22输入。高引脚数降低发射机前端204、208的性能。
现在转向图3,示出了本发明的第二个实施例。按照这个实施例,仅接收机的低噪声放大器级234、238被包括在衬底200和202上以产生预制元件的子组件。在这个实施例中,混频器236和240可以是接收机、发射机的集成电路的一部分或双频段无线电的其它任何逻辑部分。在这个实施例中,引脚数没有较大地增加(只应需要四个额外的引脚:低噪声放大器输入、低噪声放大器输出、用于放大器的电源和使能端)。缺点是混频器必须放在其它地方。这个缺点可以通过以砷化镓得到好的低噪声放大器性能来减轻(低噪声放大器增益越大,在混频器中要求的性能的减少越少)。
因此,用于减少集成电路花费的潜力是可能的,该电路可用于既有高频段又有低频段的收发信机中。当然,高频段和低频段是相对的术语,可以是用于通信的任何频率,且可以是相同的频率。例如,高频段可以是CDMA或TDMA,低频段可以是模拟。

Claims (14)

1.一种双频段无线电收发信机前端,包括:
具有一个配置放大在第一频段上发射的信号的功率放大器和一个配置放大在第二频段上接收的信号的低噪声放大器的集成电路;和
具有一个配置放大在第二频段上发射的信号的功率放大器和一个配置放大在第一频段上接收的信号的低噪声放大器的第二集成电路。
2.权利要求1的收发信机前端,其中收发信机包括一个本地振荡器,且其中第一集成电路包括一个连接到低噪声放大器和本地振荡器的下变换器,下变换器配置去将在第二频段上接收的信号与一个由本地振荡器产生的频率相混合。
3.权利要求2的收发信机前端,其中下变换器包括一个混频器。
4.权利要求1的收发信机前端,其中收发信机包括一个本地振荡器,且其中第二集成电路包括一个连接到低噪声放大器和本地振荡器的第二下变换器,第二下变换器配置将在第一频段上接收的信号与一个由本地振荡器产生的信号相混合。
5.权利要求4的收发信机前端,其中第二下变频器包括一个混频器。
6.权利要求1的收发信机前端,其中第一集成电路包括一个包含砷化镓的衬底。
7.权利要求4的收发信机前端,其中该第二集成电路包括一个包含砷化镓的衬底。
8.一种双频段无线电话,包括:
一个包括第一和第二集成电路;
一个第一功率放大器,配置成一部分所述第一集成电路,用来放大在第一频段上发送的信号;
一个第一低噪声放大器,配置成一部分第一集成电路,用来放大在第二频段上接收的信号;
一个第二功率放大器,配置成一部分第二集成电路,用来放大在第二频段上发送的信号;和
一个第二低噪声放大器,配置成一部分第二集成电路,用来放大在第一频段上接收的信号。
9.权利要求8的双频段无线电话,还包括一个本地振荡器,而其中第一集成电路包括一个与低噪声放大器和本地振荡器相连的第一下变频器,用来将在第二频段接收的信号与本地振荡器产生的一个频率相混合。
10.权利要求9的双频段接收机,其中第一下变频器包括一个相连到低噪声放大器和本地振荡器的混频器。
11.权利要求9的双频段无线电话,其中第二集成电路包括一个与低噪声放大器和本地振荡器相连的第二下变频器,用来将在第一频段接收的信号变换到中频上。
12.权利要求11的双频段接收机,其中第二下变频器包括一个连接到低噪声放大器和本地振荡器的混频器。
13.权利要求8的双频段无线电话,其中第一集成电路包括一个包含砷化鎵的衬底。
14.权利要求8的双无线电话,其中第二集成电路包括一个包含砷化鎵的衬底。
CNB998150991A 1998-12-31 1999-11-17 用于双频段收发信机的集成的发射机和接收机部件 Expired - Fee Related CN1146127C (zh)

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