CN1147199A - 生产包括超级吸收材料层的吸收结构的方法 - Google Patents

生产包括超级吸收材料层的吸收结构的方法 Download PDF

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CN1147199A
CN1147199A CN95192879A CN95192879A CN1147199A CN 1147199 A CN1147199 A CN 1147199A CN 95192879 A CN95192879 A CN 95192879A CN 95192879 A CN95192879 A CN 95192879A CN 1147199 A CN1147199 A CN 1147199A
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U·沃德路德
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Essity Hygiene and Health AB
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Abstract

一种生产拟用于吸收制品如卫生巾、失禁防护品、尿布中的吸收结构的方法，其中通过将基本上为超级吸收材料的层设置于两层脱纤维和润湿纤维素纸浆或织物之间，然后将复合结构在一对或多对加热辊之间压延生产吸收结构，其中吸收材料层自粘结并形成稳定层，它与周围的纤维素纸浆层或织物层粘结。该吸收结构呈现良好的吸收性能并可制得很薄。在该结构生产期间，生产装置周围不会散布超级吸收材料。或包装、运输或使用该制品时超级吸收材料不会从吸收制成品中逃逸。

Description

生产包括超级吸收材料层的吸收结构的方法
背景技术
本发明涉及生产用于吸收制品，如卫生巾、失禁防护品、尿布等制品的吸收结构的方法。
本技术领域中已经知道很多不同种类的此类吸收制品。这些制品的吸收体的常规生产方法是：在(例如)卷、包或片材中使所含的纤维素纸浆干脱纤维，并将蓬松态的纤维素纸浆转化为纸浆垫，某些时候将在纸浆垫中混入所谓超级吸收材料，这些超级吸收材料为能够吸收数倍于其重量的液体或体液的聚合物。
EP0,122,042公开了一种生产包括超级吸收材料的吸收结构的方法。首先将纤维素纸浆脱纤维形成纤维素纤维(即所谓蓬松纸浆)，然后将这些纤维与水不溶水凝胶颗粒的混合物通过气流成网工艺形成纤维网，由此形成吸收结构，最后将其压缩至密度0.15-1.0g/cm3。
压缩纸浆体的目的是降低纸浆的松密度和增强其液体芯吸性能。在大量卫生制品中需要薄制品，这样可尽量单个穿戴该制品。
超级吸收材料一般以粒料或细颗粒形式使用。人们会发现难以将这些细颗粒与吸收结构充分结合，这是与使用超级吸收材料有关的一个问题。例如，在EP0,122,042中描述的方法涉及超级吸收材料被散布于生产装置内或装置周围的危险，还涉及包装、运输或使用纸浆芯时超级吸收材料颗柱从纸浆芯成品中逃逸的危险。当生产包括超级吸收材料的产品时，产品越薄，上述问题越严重。
超级吸收颗粒常常具有锋利的边，因此除非采取防护措施，否则随时会穿透吸收制品的液体不可渗透片材。为使液体在纤维和超级吸收材料之间有效传输，这两种材料之间达到紧密接触也是重要的。
此外，吸收体可包括预定的其它组分以(例如)改进其吸收或分散液体的性能，或在使用时增加其粘附性和耐变形性能。
用于生产上述卫生制品的生产装置的绝大部分包括脱纤维设备、气动输送系统和形成垫的设备。这种装置一般后接一个压缩纸浆垫或卫生制品成品的设备。
从US-A3,017,304中知道，通过将水喷于纤维素纸浆垫上，然后将垫压缩，可制得含纸粘合体并且密度和强度高于原纤维素纸浆垫的表面层。此层有时称为“Burgeni层”。从US-A4,186,165中还知道借助于加热辊并在不加水下压缩含有超级吸收材料的纤维素纸浆垫，由此在纤维素纸浆垫中制得密度和强度高于原纤维素纸浆垫的内层。将超级吸收材料的颗粒在该层中与结构粘结，并且该层还可通过改变辊之间的温度差在该结构中以所需的量获得。然而，实施此方法时，存在于纸浆垫的余下部分中的超级吸收材料颗粒仅与此结构保持松散粘结。用这种方法不可能得到在某些产品使用中所需的仅一层含超级吸收材料并且该层被不含这种材料的一层或多层包围的结构。
本发明概述
本发明的一个目的是提供一种包括含有粘结超级吸收材料的层并可包含于前言中定义的一种吸收制品内的薄吸收结构。该吸收结构呈现极好的吸收性能，且在生产该结构期间，生产装置周围不会散布超级吸收材料，或包装、运输或使用该制品时超级吸收材料不会从吸收制成品中逃逸。
本发明目的通过本发明的方法取得，即通过将基本上含有超级吸收材料的层设置于两层脱纤维和润温的纤维素纸浆或织物之间，然后将该复合结构在一对或多对加热辊之间压延生产该吸收结构，其中在最接近加热辊处的水分通过从辊中辐射的热蒸发，然后在位于该材料更里面的超级吸收材料的较冷层中凝结，且其中所述层是自粘结的并可形成稳定层；所述层与周围的纤维素纸浆层或织物层粘结。
附图的简要说明
图1为根据本发明方法生产吸收结构的设备示意图；
图2为根据本发明生产的一个吸收制品的实施方案示意图。
本发明的描述
本发明目的是提供一种包括超级吸收材料并可包含于吸收制品如卫生巾、紧身防护品、失禁防护品、尿布等制品内的吸收结构。涉及的液体主要是尿和血液。该吸收结构显示极好的吸收性能—既具有快速吸收液体的性能又具有通过该材料分散液体的性能。吸收结构的某些层优选不含超级吸收材料，且可生产非常薄的结构。在生产该结构期间，生产装置内和生产装置周围不会散布超级吸收材料，且包装、运输或使用该制品时超级吸收材料颗粒不会从纸浆芯成品中或从吸收制品中逃逸。
本发明目的可通过按照本发明方法生产吸收结构实现，所述方法为将基本上含有超级吸收材料的层设置于两层脱纤维和润湿的纤维素纸浆或润湿织物之间，然后通过该结构在一对或多对加热辊之间压缩对该复合结构进行压延。在最接近加热辊中通过从辊处的水分辐射的热蒸发，然后在位于该材料较里面的超级吸收材料较冷层中凝结，该层是自粘结的并形成稳定层，它与周围的纤维素纸浆层或织物层粘结。尽管所用的纤维素纸浆或织物可有利地在纸浆压延之前立即喷水分，但纤维素纸浆或织物可在开始时润温或可在生产过程的前一步骤润湿，这样简化了生产方法，同时还可在压缩和加热步骤中使水分输入吸收材料层中。当上层或下层由纤维素纸浆构成时，该层的水分含量按纤维素纸浆干重计应为10-40％，优选15-30％，更优选20-25％。当上层或下层由织物构成时，该层的水分含量按织物层干重计应为20-70％，优选40-60％，更优选45-55％。
可通过使用其间设置超级吸收材料层的两个分离蓬松纸浆层或织物层作为吸收材料的起始材料，控制结构中不同层的性能以适应产品的不同用途。例如蓬松纸浆层中一层或两层可不含超级吸收材料。各蓬松纸浆层可包括不同的纤维素纸浆，或可为相同的纤维素纸浆，例如化学热力学法生产的纸浆(CTMP)的纤维或由亚硫酸盐或硫酸盐纸浆(所谓化学纤维素纸浆)生产的相应产品。化学法或以其它方式硬化的纤维素纤维也可用于一层或两层中。当使用化学热力学法生产的纸浆的纤维时，这些纤维可以是(例如〕闪蒸干燥的纤维。
实施方案的描述
图1为根据本发明方法生产吸收结构的设备示意图。在金属丝9上形成表面重量为100-1,000g/m2、密度为0.05-0.2g/cm3的纤维网10。该网包括表面重量为100-1,000g/m2、密度为0.05-0.2g/cm3的上纸浆网1形式的上层，表面重量为50-1,000g/m2、密度为0.05-0.2g/cm3的下纸浆网2、及位于所述上层和下层之间的表面重量为50-500g/m2、密度为0.4-0.7g/cm3的基本上为超级吸收材料3的层。借助喷嘴4和5将水喷于纤维网10上，以达到水分含量15-40％(按处于干燥态的纤维网总重量计)。借助加热辊6和7将纤维网10压至密度0.1-0.5g/cm3，使超级吸收层3与两层1和2粘结。辊6和7具有的线压力为100-200kg/cm，温度为120-250℃。压缩纸浆垫8的厚度为1-4mm。
图2为根据本发明一个实施方案的方法生产的尿布示意图。尿布一般包括封闭于液体可渗透顶片材12(它适合由软质非织造材料、多孔塑料薄膜或其类似物构成，使用时它靠近穿戴者)和液体不可渗透底或背片材13之间的吸收体11。片材12和13具有延伸出吸收体11的部分并在此部分相互粘结。底片材13由合适的塑料材料，例如聚乙烯构成。应注意在本发明范围内，顶和底片材可由其它已知材料构成。吸收体11可完全由本发明的材料生产，或用本发明材料与其它材料相结合生产。
若吸收结构完全由本发明的材料生产，则该吸收结构可具有由本发明制得的包括各种不同性能层的结构。这样该吸收结构具有液体或流体流入的上层14，中间层15和底层16。
流入层14的作用是快速吸收和分散给定量的液体。液体将被松散地保持于纤维结构中并从其中快速排出。流入层14优选包括本发明材料的上层并包括即使在压缩和润温后也提供相对松散纤维结构的相对硬质的纤维。例如流入层14可包括化学硬化的纤维素纤维并优选含有低于10％的超级吸收材料(按干燥态结构重量计)。
中间层15的作用是将吸收的液体结合入吸收结构内，以防止液体回流并润湿穿戴者的皮肤。中间层15含有高百分数的超级吸收材料，其合适的百分含量为60-90％(重量)(按干燥态的结构重量计)。
底层16的作用是分散经中间层15渗入还未使用的吸收体1部分中的液体。底层16的另一作用是防止液体不可渗透底片材13被超级吸收材料颗粒穿透。底层16优选包括根据本发明设计的底层材料，还可包括化学松散纸浆并含有5-20％的超级吸收材料(按干燥态的结构重量计)。
各层可具有不同的形状和尺寸。该吸收结构通常在岔口与其它弹性物结合，如此改进产品的适应性和功能。
应注意本发明不受其说明性实施方案限制，可想到其它实施方案也在下列权利要求的范围内。

Claims (19)

1.一种生产吸收制品如尿布、卫生巾、紧身防护品、失禁防护品等制品中的吸收结构的方法，其特征在于该吸收结构通过如下方法生产：将基本上含超级吸收材料的中间层(10)设置于润湿至至少10％的脱纤维纤维素纸浆或润湿至至少20％的织物(按干燥态纤维素纸浆或织物重量计)的上吸收层(1)和底吸收层(2)之间，然后将复合结构(8)在一对或多对加热辊(6，7)之间压缩，其中在最接近加热辊(6，7)处的水分通过加热蒸发并在位于该材料更里面的超级吸收材料较冷中间层(10)中凝结，该中间层(10)自粘结形成稳定层并与周围的纤维素纸浆层(1，2)或织物层(1，2)粘结。
2.根据权利要求1的生产吸收结构的方法，其特征在于至少一个上层或底层(1，2)由脱纤维纤维素纸浆构成，并通过润湿使这种脱纤维纤维素纸浆的水分含量为10-40％，优选15-30％，更优选20-25％(按干燥态纤维素纸浆或织物重量计)。
3.根据权利要求1的生产吸收结构的方法，其特征在于至少一个上层或底层(1，2)由织物构成，并通过润湿使这种织物的水分含量为20-70％，优选40-60％，更优选45-55％(按干燥态纤维素纸浆或织物重量计)。
4.根据权利要求1-3任何一项的生产吸收结构的方法，其特征在于含有超级吸收材料的中间层(10)原来含有至少60％(重量)，优选至少80％(重量)，更优选至少90％(重量)的超级吸收材料(按干燥态纤维素纸浆或织物重量计)。
5.一种吸收结构(11)，其特征在于该结构按权利要求1-4任何一项的方法生产。
6.根据权利要求5的吸收结构(11)，其特征在于含有超级吸收材料的中间层(15)的密度为0.2-1.0g/cm3，优选0.3-0.7g/cm3。
7.  根据权利要求5的吸收结构(11)，其特征在于最上吸收层(14)的密度为0.05-0.4g/cm3，优选0.1-0.3g/cm3，更优选0.15-0.25g/cm3。
8.根据权利要求5的吸收结构(11)，其特征在于底吸收层(16)的密度为0.1-0.5g/cm3，优选0.15-0.4g/cm3，更优选0.2-0.3g/cm3。
9.根据权利要求5-8任何一项的吸收结构(11)，其特征在于表面重量为50-1,500g/m2，优选100-1,000g/m2，更优选200-600g/m2。
10.根据权利要求5-9任何一项的吸收结构(11)，其特征在于上吸收层(14)和/或底吸收层中的纤维素纤维基本上由化学热力学法生产的纸浆纤维构成。
11.根据权利要求10的吸收结构(11)，其特征在于化学热力学纸浆纤维的卷曲值为0.20-0.40。
12.根据权利要求10或11的吸收结构(11)，其特征在于纤维素纤维基本上由闪蒸干燥的纤维构成。
13.根据权利要求5-9任何一项的吸收结构(11)，其特征在于上吸收层(14)和/或底吸收层(16)中的纤维素纤维基本上由化学法生产的纸浆纤维构成。
14.根据前面的权利要求任何一项的吸收结构(11)，其特征在于至少一些纤维为硬化纤维素纤维。
15.根据前面的权利要求任何一项的吸收结构(11)，其特征在于中间层(15)中的超级吸收材料百分数至少为60％(重量)，优选至少80％(重量)，更优选至少90％(重量)(按干燥态结构的总重量计)。
16.根据前面的权利要求任何一项的吸收结构(11)，其特征在于上吸收层(14)中的超级吸收材料百分数低于10％(重量)(按干燥态结构的总重量计)。
17.根据前面的权利要求任何一项的吸收结构(11)，其特征在于底吸收层(16)中的超级吸收材料百分数至多为20％(重量)，优选至多10％(重量)(按干燥态结构的总重量计)。
18.根据前面的权利要求任何一项的吸收结构(11)，其特征在于成品结构的水分含量为3-20％(重量)，优选4-18％(重量)，更优选8-12％(重量)(按结构的总重量计)。
19.一种包括液体可渗透项片材(12)，一般的液体不可渗透底片材或背片材(13)和处于其间的吸收体的吸收制品，如尿布、卫生巾、紧身防护品、失禁防护品等制品，其特征在于吸收体包含根据权利要求1-18任何一项的吸收结构(11)。
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100341471C (zh) * 1997-11-18 2007-10-10 亚利山大·马克西莫 制造由纤维素组成的使用于卫生制品内的纤维料幅的方法和设备
CN101590710B (zh) * 2004-09-21 2013-05-08 屈德加薄膜产品股份有限公司 复合弹性料片
CN1951349B (zh) * 2005-10-18 2011-05-11 王子制纸株式会社 液体吸收性片材及其生产方法
CN101583330A (zh) * 2007-01-12 2009-11-18 宝洁公司 具有改进结构的吸收芯
CN101583330B (zh) * 2007-01-12 2013-09-11 宝洁公司 具有改进结构的吸收芯
CN115380138A (zh) * 2020-04-16 2022-11-22 宝洁公司 用于生产变形的非织造物的方法

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FI964384A (fi) 1996-10-30
NO964474D0 (no) 1996-10-21
EP0758220A1 (en) 1997-02-19
JP3793228B2 (ja) 2006-07-05
EP0758220B1 (en) 1998-12-30
NO964474L (no) 1996-10-21
US5919178A (en) 1999-07-06
SE9401541L (sv) 1995-11-05
AU684029B2 (en) 1997-11-27
NZ285472A (en) 1998-01-26
CA2189442A1 (en) 1995-11-16
CZ318796A3 (en) 1997-06-11
FI964384A0 (fi) 1996-10-30
AU2457995A (en) 1995-11-29
HU220246B (hu) 2001-11-28
WO1995030396A1 (en) 1995-11-16
NO308643B1 (no) 2000-10-09
ES2128728T3 (es) 1999-05-16
PL179213B1 (pl) 2000-08-31
JPH10500325A (ja) 1998-01-13
DE69507025D1 (de) 1999-02-11
SE508627C2 (sv) 1998-10-19
HU9603052D0 (en) 1997-01-28
HUT77812A (hu) 1998-08-28
DE69507025T2 (de) 1999-05-27
CA2189442C (en) 2006-08-22
SK140996A3 (en) 1997-08-06
ATE175102T1 (de) 1999-01-15
SE9401541D0 (sv) 1994-05-04
PL317889A1 (en) 1997-04-28
CZ287966B6 (cs) 2001-03-14

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