CN1170383A - 多色有机发光装置 - Google Patents

多色有机发光装置 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1170383A
CN1170383A CN95196807A CN95196807A CN1170383A CN 1170383 A CN1170383 A CN 1170383A CN 95196807 A CN95196807 A CN 95196807A CN 95196807 A CN95196807 A CN 95196807A CN 1170383 A CN1170383 A CN 1170383A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
led
layer
metal
complex
light
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN95196807A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN1096936C (zh
Inventor
琳达·S·萨波切克
史蒂芬·R·福里斯特
保罗·E·伯罗斯
丹尼斯·M·麦克卡蒂
马克·E·汤普森
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Princeton University
Original Assignee
Princeton University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Princeton University filed Critical Princeton University
Publication of CN1170383A publication Critical patent/CN1170383A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1096936C publication Critical patent/CN1096936C/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L24/00—Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
    • H01L24/80—Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected
    • H01L24/82—Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected by forming build-up interconnects at chip-level, e.g. for high density interconnects [HDI]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
    • C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/15—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission
    • H01L27/153—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission in a repetitive configuration, e.g. LED bars
    • H01L27/156—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission in a repetitive configuration, e.g. LED bars two-dimensional arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
    • H10K50/125—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/805—Electrodes
    • H10K50/82—Cathodes
    • H10K50/828—Transparent cathodes, e.g. comprising thin metal layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/32—Stacked devices having two or more layers, each emitting at different wavelengths
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
    • H10K85/341—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/10—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
    • H01L2924/11—Device type
    • H01L2924/12—Passive devices, e.g. 2 terminal devices
    • H01L2924/1203—Rectifying Diode
    • H01L2924/12033—Gunn diode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/10—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
    • H01L2924/11—Device type
    • H01L2924/12—Passive devices, e.g. 2 terminal devices
    • H01L2924/1204—Optical Diode
    • H01L2924/12041—LED
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/10—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
    • H01L2924/11—Device type
    • H01L2924/12—Passive devices, e.g. 2 terminal devices
    • H01L2924/1204—Optical Diode
    • H01L2924/12042—LASER
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/10—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
    • H01L2924/11—Device type
    • H01L2924/12—Passive devices, e.g. 2 terminal devices
    • H01L2924/1204—Optical Diode
    • H01L2924/12044—OLED
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K2102/301—Details of OLEDs
    • H10K2102/302—Details of OLEDs of OLED structures
    • H10K2102/3023—Direction of light emission
    • H10K2102/3031—Two-side emission, e.g. transparent OLEDs [TOLED]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
    • H10K85/111—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aromatic, heteroaromatic, or aryl chains, e.g. polyaniline, polyphenylene or polyphenylene vinylene
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
    • H10K85/111—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aromatic, heteroaromatic, or aryl chains, e.g. polyaniline, polyphenylene or polyphenylene vinylene
    • H10K85/113—Heteroaromatic compounds comprising sulfur or selene, e.g. polythiophene
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
    • H10K85/111—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aromatic, heteroaromatic, or aryl chains, e.g. polyaniline, polyphenylene or polyphenylene vinylene
    • H10K85/114—Poly-phenylenevinylene; Derivatives thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
    • H10K85/141—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aliphatic or olefinic chains, e.g. poly N-vinylcarbazol, PVC or PTFE
    • H10K85/146—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aliphatic or olefinic chains, e.g. poly N-vinylcarbazol, PVC or PTFE poly N-vinylcarbazol; Derivatives thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
    • H10K85/321—Metal complexes comprising a group IIIA element, e.g. Tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) gallium [Gaq3]
    • H10K85/322—Metal complexes comprising a group IIIA element, e.g. Tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) gallium [Gaq3] comprising boron
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
    • H10K85/321—Metal complexes comprising a group IIIA element, e.g. Tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) gallium [Gaq3]
    • H10K85/324—Metal complexes comprising a group IIIA element, e.g. Tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) gallium [Gaq3] comprising aluminium, e.g. Alq3
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
    • H10K85/611—Charge transfer complexes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
    • H10K85/631—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
    • Y10T428/263—Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
    • Y10T428/264—Up to 3 mils
    • Y10T428/265—1 mil or less
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31678—Of metal

Abstract

一种多色有机发光装置(29)采用纵向堆积的由有机化合物构成的双异结构装置层。纵向堆积的结构是在由具有透明ITO涂层(35)的玻璃基(37)或类似的金属上形成的。纵向堆积的三个LED双异结构装置(20,21,22)结构每一个均采用适宜的有机材料构造,通过电池(30,31,32)施加向上的偏压,其中来自这些电池的电流进入阳极端(40,41,42)并最终流至阴极端(43)。结果,光从每一个LED(20,21,22)发出。进行堆积时应使具有最长波长的双异结构在堆积体的顶部。这构成了发射红光的装置在顶部,而发射蓝光具有最短波长的装置在底部,而发射绿光的装置在堆积体的中部。顶部金属层(26I)为透明的,随之为金属接点层(26M),这两层构成层(26)。每一层(26)与相邻的层(26)被有机EL层(20E,21E,22E)和空穴迁移层(20T和22H)分开。

Description

多色有机发光装置
                       发明领域
本发明涉及多色有机发光装置，具体而言，涉及用于平板电子显示器的发光装置。
                       背景技术
电子显示器是现代社会传送信息必不可少的手段，它可用在电视机、计算机终端及其它应用中。没有任何其它的介质可提供其速度、多功能性及相互作用。已知的显示技术包括等离子显示器、发光二极管(LED)，薄层场致发光显示器等。
主要的非发射技术利用了一类有机分子的电子光学性质，即液晶(LC)或液晶显示器(LCD)。LCD操作相当可靠，但其对比度和分辨率较低，需要高能后照光。活性基质显示器采用多个晶体管，每一只能够激活单一的LC像素。无可置疑，与平板显示器相关的技术具有重要意义，同时该技术也在不断取得进展。可参见：“Flat Panel Displays”，ScientificAmerican，March，1993，90-97页，S.W.Depp和W.E.Honard。该文章指明，到1995年，仅平板显示器预期的市场将为40-50亿美元。任何有利的显示技术应能提供高分辨率的金色显示器，具有良好的发光性及有竞争力的价格。
彩色显色器以三种主颜色红(R)、绿(G)和蓝(B)运行。采用有机薄膜材料的表现红、绿、蓝发光装置(LED)已取得了显著的进步。这些薄膜材料是在真空条件下沉积的。此项技术在世界各地的许多地方得以发展，许多研究机构目前对其进行继续研究。
目前，最热门的高效有机发射结构被称之为双异结构LED，如图1A所示，且如现有技术所述。该结构与采用GaAs或InP的无机LED极为相似。
图1A的装置中，由铟锡氧化物(ITO)的薄层11深敷在玻璃载体层10上，层10与11形成基底8。此后，在ITO层11上沉积薄的(100-500埃)、有机的，主要为空穴迁移层(HTL)12。再在HTL层12上面再沉积薄(通常50埃-100埃)的发射层(EL)13。如果层太薄将使膜缺乏连续性，而膜太厚又会产生太大的内电阻，需高能量来操作。发射层(EL)13对100-500埃厚度的电子迁移层14(ETL)发出的电子及来自HTL层12的空穴提供重组位点。ETL材料的特点是其电子淌度大大高于空穴的淌度。在下述文献中公开了现有技术中ETL、EL和HTL材料的实例：“OrganicElectroluminescent MultiColor Image Display Device，”issued on March15，1994 to Tang et al.
通常，EL层13用高荧光染料进行掺杂以调整色彩，并增加LED的场致发光效率。通过沉积金属接点15、16及顶电极17完成图1A所示的装置。接点15、16通常由铟或Ti/Pt/Au构成。电极17通常为双层结构，它由直接与有机ETL层14接触的合金如Mg/Ag 17′及厚的高功能金属层17″构成，如Mg/Ag上的金(Au)或银(Ag)。厚金属17″为不透明的。当在顶电极17与接点15、16间施加适宜的偏压时，通过玻璃基底10产生光发射，图1A的LED装置的发光外量子效率为0.05-4％，其取决于发射的颜色及其结构。
另一种已知的有机发射结构被之为单杂结构，如图1B所示，且如现有技术所述。该结构与图1A所示的结构相比，其差异在于EL层13也用作ETL层，从而除去了图1A中的ETL层14。但是，为了有效地工作，图1B的装置必须采用具有优良电子迁移能力的EL层13，否则必须包括图1A装置中所示的单独的ETL层14。
目前，在绿LED中可观察到最高的效率。此外，可实现3-10伏的驱动电压。这些早期的非常有前途的显示技术使用了非晶形或高度多晶的有机层。无疑这些结构限制了穿过膜的载流子淌度，依次也限制了电流并增加了驱动电压。由多晶态引起的晶体的迁移和增长为此结构明显的不成功因素。电极接触退化也是明显的失败原因。
图1C显示的是另一种已知的LED装置，为单层(聚合物)LED的典型剖面图。如图所示，该装置包括玻璃载体层1，在其上涂敷有薄ITU层3，由它们构成基底在ITU层3上面形成例如一层旋转涂敷聚合物的有机层5。其提供了如前所述HTL、ETL和EL层各层的功能。在有机层5上形成金属电极层6。金属通常为Mg、Ca或其它常用的金属。
在USP5,294,870(Tang等)中公开了采用有机化合物用于发光像素的多色场致发光图像显示装置的实例。该专利给出了多种发光像素，其包含一种在发蓝光的显像素区域中用于发射蓝光的有机介质。荧光介质在横向上与发蓝光的亚像素区域隔开。荧光介质吸收有机介质发出的光，并在不同的亚像素区域发出红光和绿光。掺杂荧光染料的发射红或绿光的材料对来自蓝亚像素区域的蓝光的吸收效果弱于直接由红或绿LED形成的材料。其原因在于，效率为(对EL的量子效率)*(对荧光的量子效率)*(1-透光度)的乘积。因此，这种显示器的缺陷即为对于每一种发射的颜色需要相互隔开的不同的亚素区域。
                      发明简述
本发明的目的是提供一种采用几种类型的有机场致发光介质且每种发射截然不同颜色的多色有机发光装置。
本发明的另一个目的是提供在高清晰度多色显示器中有机介质以堆积的构型设置的装置，这样任何一种颜色均可从显示器的一般区域发射。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种三色有机发光装置，其性能极为可靠，生产相当便宜。
本发明的再一个目的是提供这样的一种装置，该装置通过类似于用在场致发光二极管中的那些有机材料的生长而完成，从而得到高度可靠、紧凑、有效的有机LED，用于GB显示时仅需要较低的驱动电压。
在本发明的一种实施方案中，多色有机发光装置(LED)结构包括至少一个第一有机LED和第二有机LED，一个堆积在另一个上面，优选为三个，从而形成层压结构，每一LED间通过透明的导电层分隔开，使得每一个装置能接收独立的偏压而通过堆积体(stack)发光。
                  附图简述
图1A为根据现有技术典型的有机双杂结构发光装置(LED)的截面图。
图1B为根据现有技术典型的有机单杂结构发光装置(LED)的截面图。
图1C为根据现有技术已知的单层聚合物LED结构的截面图。
图2A、2B和2C分别为根据本发明的实施方案一体式三色像素采用结晶的有机发光装置(LED)的截面图。
图3-11显示了可用于包含在产生各种颜色的活性发光层中的各种有机化合物。
图12(A-E)说明本发明用于生产多色LED的荫罩(shadow masking)方法。
图13(A-F)说明本发明用于生产多色LED的干蚀方法。
图14A显示了本发明的一种实施方案中采用堆积构型的多色LED。
图14B显示了本发明另一个实施方案中气密封装(package)的截面图。
图14C为图14B沿14C-14C的截面图。
图15为采用本发明的LED装置及显示器驱动电路图的RGB显示器的方框图。
图16显示了本发明的另一个实施方案的LED装置，将堆积LED的数目扩大至N，其中N为整数1、2、3…N。
                     发明详述
图1A已作过描述，其为现有技术的双异结构有机发光装置。图1A装置的基本结构用于本发明的描述。
参看图2A，示出了本发明一种实施方案中高度紧密一体式RGB像素结构的示意截面，该结构是通过生长的或真空沉积的有机层完成的。在本发明的一个实施方案中，基于能在各种材料(包括金属和ITO)上生长有机材料，我们可以构造出表示为20、21和22的LED双异结构(DH)的堆积体。为了更好地说明，在图2A的实例中，LED20被看作堆积体的底部，LED21为其中部，LED22为其顶部。同样，图2A中堆积体是垂直定向的，但LED也可以反向定向。在其它实施方案中，单异结构(SH)LED(见图1B)或聚合物基LED装置(见图1C)的堆积体可视为DHLED可行的替代品，SH装置与DH装置同样可用于发光器。另外，包含真空沉积的和聚合发光材料组合的SH和DH装置被认为属于本发明的保护范围内。
每一个装置结构如装置20均由HTL层20H构成，它真空沉积或生长或沉积在ITO层35的表面上。顶层ETL层20T与HTL层20H间夹着EL层20E，如图2A装置的结构所示。ETL层20T及其它所述的ETL层由有机材料构成，如M(8-羟基喹啉酸盐)n(M＝金属离子；n＝2-4)。其它适宜的有机ETL材料的实例参见USP5,294,870(Tang等)。在ETL层20T的顶部形成薄的半透明低功函(优选＜4eV)金属层26M，其厚度一般小于50埃。适宜的材料包括Mg、Mg/Ag和As。在金属层26M的顶部沉积另一种透明的薄的导电ITO层26I。(以下为方便起见，金属层26M和ITO层26I的双层结构被称之为ITO/金属层26)。每一双异结构装置如20、21和22均具有底部的HTL层，其形成于ITO26I或35的透明导电层之上。然后沉积EL层，再沉积另一层ETL。因其组成和最小厚度，HTL、ETL、ITO、金属和有机EL层均是透明的。各ETL层的厚度可为50-1000埃；各EL层的厚度可为50-200埃；各ETL层的厚度可为50-1000埃；各金属层26M的厚度可为50-1000埃；各ITO层26I和35的厚度可为1000-4000埃。从最佳情况考虑，每一层的厚度最好为上述范围的下限值。因此，每一LED20、21和22(除去ITO/金属层)的厚度优选接近200埃。
如果由SH LED装置而非DH LED装置用于提供LED20、21、22，如图1B中SH前面所描述的那样，ETL层和EL层由单一一层如层13提供。该层13通常为喹啉酸铝。如图2B所示，EL层20E、21E和22E分别同时提供EL层和ETL层的功能。但是，相对于图2B的SH LED堆积体，图2A中DH LED堆积体的优点是，DH LED堆积体允许较薄的总体结构，具有较高的效率。
在图2A和2B中，即使每一LED的中心之间有所偏移，但从每一装置发出的总的光束在LED20、21和22间基本上是重合的。当光束在同心构型中重合时，接近玻璃基底的发射或非发射装置相对远离玻璃基底的发射装置来说是透明的。但是，二极管20、21和22相互间无需偏离，它们之间可同心地相互堆积，而从每一装置发出的光融洽入整体上说相互间是同心重合的。以下在讨论装置构造方法时会描述图12E中所述的同心构型。需要注意的是，在偏心和同心构型的功能方面，它们不存在差异。每一个装置通过玻璃基底37以基本上全向的模式发光。通过控制穿越堆积体29中三种LED的电压可在任何时间对特定的像素提供理想的综合发射颜色和亮度。因此，每一LED如22、21和20均可分别同时用光束如R、G和B赋能，如经图2A和2B示意的透明层赋能且通过其可见。每一DH结构20、21和22根据所加适当的偏压而发射不同颜色的光。双异结构LED20发射蓝光。双异结构LED21发射绿光，而双异结构LED22发射红光。单独一种LED20、21和22或其不同的组合被活化可选择性地获得各像素所需要颜色的光，其部分取决于在每一LED20、21和22上电流的大小。
在图2A和2B的实例中，分别由电池32、31和30向LED20、21和22加向上的偏压。电流从每个电池32、31和30的正极端分别流入其相应的LED20、21和22的阳极40、42、42，通过各个装置的诸层后，从用作阴极的极端21、22和43流至每一电池32、31和30的负极。结果，光从每一LED20、21和22发出。LED装置20、21和22通过一装置(未示出)，将电池32，31和30分别与其相应的LED选择性开启或关闭连接而选择性地赋能。
在本发明的实施方案中，如图2A和2B所示，用于LED22的顶ITO接点26I为透明的，使得所显示的三色装置可用于平视显示。但是，本发明的另一种实施方案中，顶接点26I是由厚金属形成的，如Mg/Ag、In、Ag或Au，以反射向上发射的光返回基底13，显著地增加装置的效率。同样，通过在玻璃基底37与ITO层35间形成多层不导电薄膜以提供抗反射表面可增加整个装置的效率。需要三套抗反射层，其中每一种在从各层发射的波长下形成抗反射涂层。
在另一个实施方案中，图2A的装置以相反或反转的方式构造，使发射的光从堆积体的顶部发出而非如前所述的从底部发出。参看图2，反转结构的实例是用厚的反射金属层38代替ITO层35。通过交换HTL层20H和ETL层20T，同时EL层20E仍夹在20H与20T中间，从而形成蓝LED20。进而，金属接点层26M沉积在ITO层26I的顶部。与反转的蓝IED20相同，堆积体的绿LED21和红LED22部分分别以反转层构造(HTL和EL层交换，随后反转金属和ITO层)。需要指出，在反转结构中，蓝装置20必须在顶部，而红装置22则必须在底部。同样，电池30、31和32的极性也要反转。结果，分别通过装置20、21和22的电流当施以向前的发光偏压时以与图2A实施方案相反的方向流动。
在该实例中，截面图中的装置为台阶形。透明的接点区(ITO)26I允许对堆积体中的每一像素分别施以偏压，进而，该材料也可用在加工步骤中的蚀刻步骤。分别对每一DH LED结构20、21和22施以偏压可将像素输出的波长调节至如CIE(Commission Intemationale de lEclairage/Intemational Commission of Illumination)颜色标准定义的可见光光谱的各种理想颜色。蓝发射LED20位于堆积体的底部，它是三种装置中最大的。蓝LED在底部是因其对红光和绿光均是透明的。最后，将要描述的是使用透明的ITO/金属层26的材料“分隔”(“Partitioning”)以便利生产该装置。与有机化合物相关的真空生长和构造方法是非常独特的方面，它使得有可能制造图2A、2B和2C所示的像素LED装置。图2A、2B和2C所示的纵向上分层可用最小可能的面积来构造三种颜色像素，因而使这些想法用于高清晰度显示器。
如图2A、2B和2C所示，每一个DH结构20、21和22可同时或分离地分别以箭头B、G和R所示发光。需要指出，基本上从每一LED20、21和22的整个横向部分发光，其中箭头R、G和B分别并不代表实际发光的宽度。这样，通过眼睛感觉不同的颜色和色调以综合R、G和B颜色的增减。这在采色视觉和显示比色素领域是公知的。在所示的偏移结构中，红、绿和蓝光束基本上重合。如果装置制得足够小，如约50微米或更小，可从堆积体生产任何一种颜色。但是，很显然一种颜色源于一种像素。
用在DH结构中的有机材料一种在另一种顶上生长，或在纵向上堆积，最长波长装置22为红光在顶部，而最短波长装置20为蓝光在底部。以这种方式，可减少在像素或装置中的光吸收。每一DH LED装置由ITO/金属层26(具体而言，半透明金属层26M和铟锡氧化物层26I)分开。ITO层26I可通过金属沉积进一步处理以对暴露的ITO表面上提供严格的接点区，如接点40、41、42和43。这些接点40、41、42和43是由铟、铂、金、银或合金如Ti/Pt/Au、Cr/Au或Mg/Ag构造的。使用常规的金属沉积或气相沉积对接点的沉积技术也是公知的。接点如40、41、42和43能分开堆积体中每一LED的偏压。有机LED材料与透明电极26I间的重要的化学差异使电极起蚀刻停止层作用。这使得在装置加工期间对每一像素进行有选择的蚀刻和暴露。
每一LED20、21、22均具有其自己的偏压源，在该实例中示意为电池32、31和30，其使每一LED能发光。可以理解，可分别以适宜的信号用来代替电池30、31和32。如公知的那样，LED需要最小的域电压以发光(每一DH LED)，因此该活化电压由电池符号示意显示。
EL层20E、21E、22E可由有机化合物构造，有机化合物的选择依据其生产各主要颜色及中间体的能力进行。有机化合物通常选自三价金属喹啉酸盐配合物、三价金属桥的喹啉酸盐配合物、席夫碱二价金属配合物、锡(IV)金属配合物、金属乙酰丙酮化物配合物、金属二齿配位体配合物、双磷酸(bisphosphonates)配合物、二价金属马来腈二硫戊环配合物、分子电荷转移配合物、芳和杂环聚合物和稀土混合螯合物，如下所述。
三价金属喹啉酸盐配合物如图3中结构式所示，其中M为三价金属离子，选自周期表第3-13族和镧系元素。Al3+、Ga3+和In3+为优选的三价金属离子。
图3中R包括氢、取代和未取代的烷基、芳基和杂环基。烷基可为直链或支链，优选具有1-8个碳原子。适宜的烷基实例为甲基和乙基。优选的芳基为苯基，R为杂环基的实例包括吡啶基、咪唑基、呋喃基和噻吩基。
R是烷基、芳基和杂环基可被至少一个取代基取代，取代基选自：芳基、卤素、氰基、烷氧基，优选具有1-8个碳原子。优选的卤素为氯。
图3中基团L代表一种配位体，包括吡啶甲基甲基酮、取代和未取代的水杨醛(如用巴比土酸取代的水杨醛)，式R(O)CO-的基团(其中R定义如上)、卤素、式RO-的基因(R定义如上)、喹啉化合物(如8-羟基喹啉)及其衍生物(如巴比土酸取代的喹啉化合物)。由图3所示结构式覆盖的优选配合物为M是Ga+3，L是氯的配合物。这些化合物发蓝光。当M为Ga+3，L为羧酸甲酯时，配合物在蓝至蓝/绿区域发光。使用巴比土酸取代的水杨酸或巴比土酸取代的8-羟基喹啉为L基可预计发射黄或红光。采用喹啉酸盐作L基团可发射绿光。
可用于本发明的三价金属桥连喹啉配合物如图4A和4B所示。这些配合物产生绿光，与现有技术装置中采用的三喹啉酯(图3中L为喹啉酯的配合物)比较显示出优异的环境稳定性。用于这些配合物中的三价金属离子M如上定义，优选Al+3、Ga+3或In+3。图4A中的基团Z的结构式为SiR，其中R如前定义。Z也可为式P＝O的基团，其形成了磷酸酯。
席夫碱二价金属配合物包括图5A和5B所示的那些，其中M′为二价金属，选自周期表第2-12族，优选Zn(参见：Y、Hanada，等，“BlueElectroluminescence in Thin Films of Axomethin-Zinc Complexes”，Japanese Journal of Applied Physics Vol.32，PP.L511-L513(1995))。基团R1选自图5A和5B所示的结构式。基团R1优选通过胺或吡啶基团的氢与配合物的金属配位。X选自氢、烷基、烷氧基，每一个均具有1-8个碳原子，芳基、杂环基、磷酰基、卤素和胺。优选的芳基为苯基，优选的杂环基选自：吡啶基、咪唑基、呋喃基和噻吩基。X基团影响席夫碱二价金属配合物在有机溶剂中的溶解度。图5B所示的特定的席夫碱二价金属配合物在波长为520nm处发射。
本发明EL层中采用的锡(IV)金属配合物发绿光。这些配合物包括式SnL1 2L2 2的配合物，其中L1选自水杨醛、水杨酸或喹啉化合物(如8-羟基喹啉)。L2包括前述对所有R基团的定义，除氢之外。例如，当L1为喹啉化合物，L2为苯基的锡(IV)金属配合物的发射波长(λem)为504nm，该波长是在固态下测量光致发光得到的。
锡(IV)金属配合物还包括图6中结构式的那些配合物，其中Y为硫或NR2，R2选自氢和取代或未取代的烷基和芳基。烷基可为直链或支链，优选具有1-8个碳原子。优选的芳基为苯基。对烷基和芳基进行取代的取代基包括1-8个碳原子的烷基和烷氧基、氰基和卤原子。L3选自烷基、芳基、卤化物、喹啉化合物(如8-羟基喹啉)、水杨醛、水杨酸及马来腈二硫戊环化合物(“mnt”)。当A为S，Y为CN，L3为“mnt”时，预计发射介于红和橙之间的光。
图7所示的M(乙酰丙酮化物)3配合物产生蓝光。金属离子M选自周期表3-13族和镧系元素的三价金属。优选的金属离子为Al+3、Ga+3和In+3。图7中基团R定义同图3中对R的定义。例如当R为甲基、M选自Al+3、Ga+3和In+3时，在固态下测量光致发光得到的波长分别为415nm、445nm和457nm(见J.Kido等，“Organic Electroluminescent Devices UsingLanthanide Complexes”，Journal of Alloys and Compounds，Vol，92，pp.30-33(1993)。
本发明的金属二齿配位体配合物通常产生蓝光。
这些配合物通式为MDL2 4，其中M选自周期表第3-13族和镧系元素的三价金属。优选的金属离子为Al+3、Ga+3、In+3和Sc+3。D为图8A所示的双齿配位体。具体说来，二齿配位体D包括2-吡啶甲基酮、2-喹哪啶基(quinaldyl)酮和2-(邻苯氧基)吡啶酮，其中图8A中的基团R如前定义。
L4的优选的基团包括乙酰丙酮化合物；式OR3R的化合物，其中R3选自Si、C、R选自如上定义相同的基团；3，5-二(叔丁基)苯酚；2，6-二(叔丁基)苯酚；2，6-二(叔丁基)甲酚；和H2Bpz2，后面的化合物分别如图8B-8E所示。
例如，在固态下测量光致发光得到的Al(吡啶甲基甲基酮)双(2，6-二叔丁基)苯氧化物)的波长(λem)为420nm。上述化合物的甲酚衍生物的波长也是420nm。Al(吡啶甲基甲基酮)双(OSiPh3)和Sc(4-甲氧基-吡啶甲基甲基酮)双(乙酰丙酮化物)的波长均为433nm，而Al[2-(邻苯氧基)吡啶]双(2，6-二(叔丁基)苯氧化物]的波长为450nm。
可用于本发明EL层的另一类化合物为双膦酸化合物。双膦酸化合物由下式表示：
               M2 x(O3P-有机-PO3)y
M2为金属离子。当x为y均为1时，它是四价金属离子如Zr+4、Ti+4和Hf+4。当x为3且y为2时，金属离子M2为二价，包括例如Zn+2、Cu+2和Cd+2。上式中术语“有机”是指能与膦酸基双官能化的芳香族或杂环族荧光化合物。
优选的双膦酸化合物包括图9A、9B所示的那些，如亚苯基亚乙烯基双膦酸化合物。具体而言，图9A示出了β-苯乙烯基1，2-二苯乙烯双膦酸和图9B示出了4，4′-二苯基二(乙烯基膦酸)，其中R如前定义，R4选自取代和未取代的烷基，优选其具有1-8个碳原子，和芳基。优选的烷基为甲基和乙基，优选的芳基为苯基。优选的取代烷基和芳基的取代基包括至少一个选自芳基、卤原子、氰基、烷氧基(优选具有1-8个碳原子)的取代基。
二价金属马来腈二硫戊环(nmt)配合物的结构式如图10所示。二价金属离子M3包括所有具有+2电荷的金属离子，优选过渡金属离子如Pt+2、Zn+2和Pd+2。Y1选自氰基和取代或未取代的苯基。优选的苯基的取代基选自烷基、氰基、氯和1，2，2-三氰基乙烯基。
L5代表无电荷的基团。优选的L5基因包括P(OR)3和P(R)3，其中R定义如上，或L5可为一种鳌合配位体，如2，2′-二吡啶基，菲咯啉；1，5-环辛二烯；或双(二苯基膦基)甲烷。
表1示出了这些化合物的各种组合的发射波长的代表性实例，如以下文献给出的：C.E.Johnson et al.，“Luminescent Iridium(I)，Rhodium(I)，and Platinum(II)Dithiolate Complexes”，Journal of theAmerican Chemical Society，Vol.105，pg.1795(1983)。
               表I
    配合物 波长*
[铂(1，5-环辛二烯)(mnt)] 560nm
[铂(P(OEt)3)2(mnt)] 566nm
[铂(P(OPh)3)2(mnt)] 605nm
[铂(双(二苯基膦基)甲烷)(mnt)] 610nm
[铂(PPh3)2(mnt)] 652nm
*在固态下测量光致发光得到的波长。
用于本发明EL层的分子电荷迁移配合物为包含与电子给体结构配位的电子受体结构的那些化合物。图11A-11E示出了各种适宜的电子受体，其可与图11F-11J所示电子给体结构中的一种形成电荷迁移配合物，图11A和11H中基团R定义同前。
这些电荷迁移材料膜是这样制备的：以两个池中分别蒸发给体和受体分子至基体上；或者直接蒸发预先制得的电荷迁移配合物。发射波长可从红至蓝，取决于何种受体与何种给体偶合。
在固态下发荧光的芳香化合物和杂环化合物的聚合物可用于本发明的EL层。这些聚合物可用于产生各种不同颜色的发射。表II给出了适宜的聚合物的实例及其发射的颜色。
          表II
    聚合物 发射颜色
聚(对苯乙烯) 蓝至绿
聚(二烷氧基亚苯基亚乙烯) 红/橙
聚(噻吩) 红
聚(苯) 蓝
聚(苯基乙炔) 黄至红
聚(N-乙烯基咔唑) 蓝
用于本发明的稀土混合鳌合剂包括键合至二齿芳族或杂环配位体的任何镧系元素(如La、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu和Tb)。二齿配位体用于迁移载体(如电子)，但不吸收发射能。因此，二齿配位体用于迁移能量于金属。稀土混合鳌合物中配位体的实例包括水杨醛和其衍生物、水杨酸、喹啉化合物、席夫碱配位体、乙酰丙酮化合物、菲咯啉、联吡啶、喹啉和吡啶。
空穴迁移层20H、21H和22H可由卟啉化合物组成。此外，空穴迁移层20H、21H和22H可至少具有一种空穴迁移芳族叔胺，该化合物至少包含一个仅与碳原子键合的三价氮原子，至少其中之一为芳环的环原子。例如，芳族叔胺可为芳基胺，如一芳基胺、二芳基胺、三芳基胺或聚芳基胺。其它适宜的芳族叔胺以及所有的卟啉化合物公开于USP5,294,870(Tang等)，该文献的所有内容引入本文作参考，只要这种教导不与本文内容矛盾。
可以通过下述两种方法之一完成本发明堆积的有机LED三色像素的制备：荫罩法和干蚀法，为了进行说明，两种所述方法均假定双异结构LED构造，即对每一种活化发射层仅采用一层有机化合物层，光从底部玻璃基底表面发出。应当理解，本领域的技术人员只需对所述方法进行轻微改变即可构造出对每一种活化发射层具有多个有机化合物层的多杂质结有机LED，和/或反转结构(光从堆积体的顶部表面发出)。
图12(A-E)说明本发明荫罩法的步骤。欲用ITO层52涂敷的玻璃基底50首先进行清洁，即将基底50浸在沸腾的三氯乙烯或类似的氯代烃中约5分钟。随后在丙酮中漂洗约5分钟，然后在甲醇中约5分钟。然后用超高纯(UHP)氮气吹干基底50。采用的所有有机溶剂均优选“电子级”。清洁后，采用常规的溅射法或电子束法在真空中于基底50上形成ITO层52。
然后按照下述过程在ITO层52上构造蓝发射LED55(见图12B)。荫罩73设置在预定的ITO层52的外部。荫罩73和其它荫罩法中采用的掩蔽应在加上步骤中不将装置暴露于水气、氧气和其它污染物的条件下引入和除去，上述成分会减少装置的使用寿命。采用如下作法实现这一点：在用氮气或惰性气体充入的环境中变化掩蔽，或通过遥控处理技术在真空环境下将掩蔽置于装置表面上。通过荫罩73的开口，在不暴露于空气即真空下顺序将50-100埃厚的空穴迁移层(HTL)54和50-200埃厚的蓝发射层(EL)56沉积(图12B所示)。将厚度优选50-1000埃的电子迁移层(ETL)58沉积在EL56上。然后，在ETL58上面沉积半透明金属层60M，其优选由10％Ag和90％Mg层组成，或为其它低功函金属或金属合金层。层60M非常薄，优选小于100埃。层54、56、58和60M可根据任何常规沉积技术进行沉积，如气相沉积、离子束沉积、电子束沉积、溅射和激光烧蚀。
然后通过常规的溅射或电子束方法在金属层60M上形成厚度约1000-4000埃的ITO接点层60I。为方便起见，夹心层60M和60I将被称之为并显示成单层60，其与图2的层26基本相同。每层60的低功函金属部分60M与在其下面的ETL层直接接触，而ITO层60I与在其上面的HTL层接触。注意，整个装置的构造过程最好在保持真空条件下完成，步骤之间不中断真空。
图12C示出了绿发射LED65，其构造在层60的顶部，过程与用于构造蓝发射LED55的荫罩和沉积技术基本相同。LED65包含HTL62、绿发射层64和TEL66。在ETL层66上沉积第二薄(厚度＜100埃，薄至足以半透明，但不能失去电连续性)的金属层60M，随之是另一1000-4000埃厚的ITO层60I，以形成第二夹心层60。
图12D为使用类似的荫罩和金属沉积方法在层60(具体在60I上面)上面构造的红发射LED75。红发射LED75由HTL70、红发射EL72和ETL74组成。在LED75上形成层60I与60M的顶夹心层60。类似如上图2实施方案所述。在另一种实施方案中，顶部透明ITO层60I可被适宜的金属电极代替，其另一作用是将向上的光反射回去通过基底50，从而降低装置顶部的光损失。每一ETL层74、66和58的厚度为50-200埃；每一HTL层54、62和70的厚度为100-500埃；每一EL层56、64和72的厚度为50-1000埃。为了最佳亮度和效率，应使包含ITO/金属层的每一层尽可能接近上述范围的下限值。
然后，优选在一个步骤中在ITO层52上形成电接点51和59、在ITO金属层60的ITO部分60I上形成电接点88、89、92、94和96。这些电接点可为铟、铂、金、银或其混合物如Ti/Pt/Au、Cr/Au、Mg/Ag。在掩蔽装置的其余部分后可通过气相沉积或其它适宜的金属沉积技术沉积这些金属。
荫罩方法中最后的步骤是如图12E用绝缘层97防护(overcoat)整个装置，除了被掩蔽的金属接点51、59、88、89、92、94和96之外。绝缘层97对水分、氧气和其它污染物是不透性的，从而防止了LED的污染。绝缘层97可为通过电子束、溅射或热磁增强或等离子体增强CVD沉积的SiO2，氮化硅如Si2N3或其它绝缘体。所用的沉积技术应不会使装置的温度升至高于120℃，因为高温会降低LED的特性。
图13(A-F)示出了本发明构造LED堆积体的干蚀方法。参看图13A，以与上述荫罩方法相同的方式首先清洁玻璃基底102。然后使用常规的溅射或电子束方法在真空中在玻璃基底102上沉积ITO层101。然后在ITO层101的整个表面上使用常规真空沉积技术或聚合物旋涂或喷涂技术沉积HTL104、蓝E105、ETL106和含金属层107M及ITO层107I的夹心层，各层厚度通常与荫罩法中的厚度相同。ITO/金属夹心层107由厚度小于100埃、直接沉积在ETL层106上的低功函金属层107M及于金属层107M上厚度为1000-4000埃的ITO层107I组成。在ITO层107I的整个顶表面上，使用低温等离子体CVD沉积1000埃-2000埃厚的氮化硅或二氧化硅掩蔽材料108的层。然后在氮化硅层108上沉积正光抗蚀剂层109如HPR1400J。如图13B所示，使用标准光刻方法暴露并除去光抗蚀剂层109的外部110(见图13A)。相应于底部ITO层101区域的暴露的外部110被暴露并电接触。参看图13C，相应于除去光抗蚀剂区域的氮化硅层108的外部区域111(图13B定义)使用CF4∶O2等离子体除去。然后，使用离子磨技术或另一种等离子体蚀刻方法，除去ITO/金属层107I和107M的暴露的外面部分。再采用O2等离子体分别顺序除去ETL层106、EL层105和HTL层104相应暴露的外面部分，同样也除去图13D所示其余的光抗蚀剂层109。最后，再次采用CF4∶O2等离子体除去氮化硅掩蔽108，得到图13D所示的蓝LED构型。
采用相同顺序的干蚀方法步骤构造在蓝LED顶部的绿LED115，只是SiNx150如图所示被涂盖，随之如图13E所示的光抗蚀剂掩蔽113，从而掩蔽ITO层101的外面部分。然后沉积HTL层114、绿EL层116等(见图13F)。再采用相同用于蓝LED构造的光刻和蚀刻技术完成绿LED115的形成。随后，使用基本上相同的干蚀方法在绿LED的顶上形成红LED117。与图12E中层97类似的钝化层119的适当的图形沉积在LED堆积体上以暴露电接点，如荫罩方法所述。采用光抗蚀剂掩蔽以允许对钝化层119中的孔洞蚀刻。以后，金属152沉积在孔洞中，最后通过卸走(lift-off)方法除去光抗蚀剂层和过量的金属。
不论采用荫罩法、干蚀法或其它方法中何种方法，在LED堆积体构造完后，必须对堆积体进行适当的包装以实现可接受的装置性能和可靠性。图14(A-C)说明了本发明实施包装的实施方案，以对本发明多至4个多色LED装置进行气密封装。图14(A-B)中采用之标号与图12E中相同技术特征的标号相同。可也以采用图13F的几乎相同的结构进行封装。参看图14A，在采用绝缘层97如SiNx除护整个装置后，使用已知的蚀刻/光掩蔽技术形成入口孔120、122和124暴露蓝、绿和红LED(有机发光二极管)装置的最顶层金属层60M′、60M″和60M。因而，采用常规的方法步骤，在从暴露的金属层60M′、60M″和60M至铟焊接凸面边缘132、133和134的路径上沉积适宜的金属循环路径126、128和130(通常为金)。类似地，经形成的金属(如金)循环路径135提供阳极端，以具有接触ITO层52的内端及终止在铟焊接凸面边缘136的外端，均由常规方法提供。然后用附加的绝缘材料如SiNx防护装置，以与沿着边缘暴露的焊接凸面132、133、134和136形成绝缘的盖。以这种方式，易于采用常规技术或如下描述的本发明的包装实施方案来封装有机LED装置。
参考附图14A、14B和14C，对本发明的另一个实施方案，描述在一种封装构型下于共同基底50上四个多色LED装置的制造方法。起始原料包括用铟锡氧化物(ITO)152防护层涂敷的玻璃基底50。采用下述步骤以得到封装的多色有机LED组合：
1.以同心的方带环图案(square band ring pattern)掩蔽ITO层52以在ITO层52顶部，用常规技术沉积SiO2层138(可采用其它图案)。
2.使用获得上述图12E或13F和14A的结构的方法，以SiO2层138上区域140中形成分享共同层的4个三色LED堆积体。
3.经荫罩沉积金属接点170-181；每一个终止于SiO2层138上的外端，提供外部电连接或粘合垫170-181。注意，图14A中接点126，128和130相同于接点170-181中每三个连接接点。每三个接点为一组，即170-172，173-175，176-178，179-181，终止于其内端或其它端，分别提供了与四个有机LED装置每一个的金属层60M′、60M″的电子连接。另一金属接点182经荫罩沉积在对所有四个LED装置ITO层52的边缘，提供普通的阳极连接。注意，如果通过适当的掩蔽和蚀刻，四个LED装置以完全独立的层制得，四个阳极接点将分别必须提赋能以多路转换方式操作的后一种排列。在本实施例中所述的多色LED排列为非多路转换排列。
4.采用溅射或等离子体增强CVD或电子束沉积技术，以连续的离开暴露的粘合垫170′-180′带或环中经荫罩沉积第二SiO2层184。
5.以连续的带或环186在第二SiO2层或带84上沉积Pb-Sn或其它低温熔化焊剂。
6.在盖玻璃188的底部上沉积金属环190，其与焊缝环186同心。
7.在组件上安装盖玻璃188，如图14B所示，金属环190与焊缝环186相对。
8.将组件放在惰性气氛如干燥氮气中，加热熔化焊缝环186得到空气紧密封，惰性气体捕集在内部区域192中。
参看图15，示出了显示器194，其为RGB有机LED显示器，点195被省。完整的显示器194包含多个像素如196。像素以XY矩阵设置覆盖涂有ITO的玻璃基片的整个表面面积。每一个像素包括一个如图2所示的堆积的LED结构。代替固定的偏压部件如电池30、31和32(如图2)，图2中标记的末端线如蓝(B)、绿(G)和红(R)被引出并与适宜的横向与纵向扫描处理仪197和198相连，处理由显示器发生器199控制，发生器可为一个TV单元。因此，每一个LED矩阵具有至少两个轴(X、Y)，每一LED位于至少两个轴的交叉处。同样，X轴可代表横轴，Y轴代表纵轴。公知可将电视信号如NTSC信号转化成彩色显示器的颜色成分R、G和B。采用红、绿、蓝为主要颜色的计算机用监视器也是公知的。通过横和纵轴扫描技术驱动和控制该装置也是公知的。采用典型的XY扫描技术如使用XY寻址可对沉积在显示器表面上的像素结构的整体排列进行扫描。这些技术用在实际的矩阵显示器中。
按照所需要的信号量可使用脉冲宽度调制来选择性地对每一DHLED像素的红、绿和蓝输入赋能。以这种方式，在显示器的每一线中的每一LED可选择性地进入并寻址，并通过多种手段通过脉冲宽度调制信号或通过阶梯发生电压施加偏加，使这些装置发射单一颜色或多种颜色，从而从所说结构发出的光产生预定形状和颜色的图像。同样，也可逐次对XY轴的每一条轴扫描，并对矩阵中所选择的任一LED进行逐次赋能以发射出光而产生纵向逐次产生的具有颜色的图像。选择的LED中的任一个可同时被赋能。
如上所表明，图2所示的纵向层压技术可在极小的区域内构造三色DH LED像素。这可提供高清晰高的显示器，如每英寸为300-600线的分辨率或更大。使用现有技术将不可能获得如此高的分辨率，现有技术中产生不同颜色的发射层或荧光介质相互间在横向上是隔开了。
基于现代标准，可以提供如图2所示的LED装置，其有效面积小于可使数百的像素二极管在横向和纵向上堆积在一平方英寸的区域内。因而，此构造技术可实现极高的分辨率及高光亮度。
图16中示出了本发明另一个多色LED装置的实施方案，该装置包括多至N个单个LED的堆积体，其中N为整数1，2，3…N。根据未来技术的状态，N将为实际限定的值。使用图12(A-E)所述的荫罩法步骤或图13(A-F)所述干蚀法可提供堆积的N级LED。图16的堆积体的基底或底部为如图13F所示的玻璃基底102，在基底102上面形成ITO层101。紧接着为第一LED层，随后的LED装置每一个均依次包括ITO层101HTL层154、EL层156、ETL层158、金属层160、ITO层162。第N级LED装置164进一步包括于最上面ITO层162上形成的最顶层金属层(见图13F的层152)。如图13F的彩色堆积体，在堆积体上沉积钝化层119。每一ED装置入每一EL层156所用的材料可选择以对相应的LED提供特定的颜色。如在三色装置中，较短波长(蓝)的装置必须低于较长波长(红)装置，以避免红发射层吸收光。对各LED所选的颜色及堆积的LED的实际数目取决于具体应用和所需的颜色及能提供的遮蔽能力。这种多色装置也可用在光通讯网络，其中使用由堆积体中给定装置发出的不同波长传送每一不同的光通道。发射光内在的同心特性可偶合几种波长进入单一的单传送纤维。在实际的这种堆积体中，入口孔在每一装置的ITO层162下方形成，随之适宜的金属化定位以便于封装和电连接至堆积体中的每一LED装置，其过程类似于图14A、14B和14C中的堆积的多色LED装置。
这种装置可用于提供任何尺寸的低成本、高分辨率、高亮度的全色平板显示器。这拓宽了本发明的范围至小至几个毫米大至建筑物大小的显示器。显示器上产生的图像根据单个LED的尺寸可为全色的文字式或说明式。
本领域的技术人员可以认识到如上所述的本发明的实施方案可做各种改变。这种改变仍属本发明权利要求的精神及保护范围内。例如，在本发明的另一实施方案中，多色堆积的LED装置如上述图2的三色装置可从图1C所示聚合物装置形成LED20而提供，或从沉积的金属磷酸化合物膜来提供，而并不具有真空中沉积的所有的三层。两种其它的堆积LED可通过气相沉积形成。

Claims (111)

1.一种多色发光装置(LED)结构，包含：
至少多个相互堆积的第一和第二发光有机装置，从而形成层压结构，每一LED通过透明导电层相互分开，使每个装置接受单独的偏压以通过整个堆积体发光。
2.权利要求1的多色发光装置结构，其中每一个所说的LED在施加偏压时发出不同波长的光并产生不同的颜色。
3.权利要求1的多色发光装置结构，包括至少第一至第三分别相互堆积的发光装置。
4.权利要求3的多色发光装置结构，其中所说的第一装置发射蓝色(B)，所说的第二装置发射绿色(G)，所说的第三装置发射红色(R)。
5.权利要求4的多色发光装置结构，其中所说的装置沿纵轴由底部向上以下列次序堆积，其中第一装置发蓝色，位于所说发蓝光装置的上表面顶部的第二装置发绿色，位于所说绿发光装置的上表面顶部的第三装置发红色，由此当结构纵向排列时，所说的波长最短的蓝发光装置是在波长最长的红发光装置的底部。
6.权利要求1的多色发光装置结构，其中每一LED装置为由有机材料构成的透明的双异结构(DH)装置。
7.权利要求1的多色发光装置结构，其中每一LED装置为由有机材料构成的透明的单异结构装置。
8.权利要求6的多色发光装置结构，其中所说的透明导电层包括铟锡氧化物(ITO)。
9.权利要求7的多色发光装置结构，其中所说的透明导电层包括铟锡氧化物(ITO)。
10.权利要求3的多色发光装置结构，其中所说的至少第一、第二和第三有机LED是在共同基底上以连续次序堆积的。
11.权利要求10的多色发光装置结构，其中所说的基底是在所说的LED结构的底部，所说的第三有机LED最顶层是由铟锡氧化物(ITO)材料组成的，该材料作为对下面的金属材料层的接点。
12.权利要求6的多色发光装置结构，其中所说的透明导电层包含金属层，其功函小于约4电子伏特，和在所说金属层上的ITO层。
13.权利要求6的多色发光装置结构，其中所说的有机材料选自：三价金属喹啉配合物、三价金属桥连喹啉配合物、席夫碱二价金属配合物、锡(IV)金属配合物、金属乙酰丙酮配合物、金属二齿配位体配合物、双膦酸配合物、二价金属马来腈二硫戊环配合物、分子电荷迁移配合物、芳香和杂环聚合物和稀土混合螯合物。
14.权利要求13的多色发光装置结构，其中三价金属喹啉配合物具有下结构式：
Figure A9519680700031
其中，R选自氢、取代和未取代的烷基、芳基和杂环基，L为一种配位体，其选自吡啶甲基甲基酮、取代和未取代的水杨醛；式R(O)CO-的基团，其中R如上定义；卤素；式RO-的基团，其中R如上定义；和喹啉化合物及其衍生物。
15.权利要求13的多色发光装置结构，其中金属二齿配位体配合物具有下结构式：
Figure A9519680700032
其中M选自周期表第3-13族和镧系元素的三价金属，D为二齿配位体，L4选自乙酰丙酮化合物；式OR3R的化合物，其中R3为Si或C，R选自氢、取代和未取代的烷基、芳基、杂环基；3，5-二(叔丁基)苯酚；2，6-二(叔丁基)苯酚；2，6-二(叔丁基)甲酚及下式的化合物：
16.权利要求15的多色发光装置结构，其中D选自2-吡啶甲基酮、2-喹哪啶基酮和2-(邻苯氧基)吡啶酮。
17.权利要求13的多色发光装置结构，其中席夫碱二价金属配合物选自具有下述结构式的那些化合物：
Figure A9519680700042
其中M1为周期表第2-12族的二价金属，R1选自基团：
Figure A9519680700043
其中X选自氢、具有1-8个碳原子的烷基、具有1-8个碳原子的烷氧基、芳基、杂环基、膦基、卤素和胺。
18.权利要求13的多色发光装置结构，其中芳香和杂环聚合物选自聚(对苯乙烯)、聚(二烷氧基苯乙烯)、聚(噻吩)、聚(苯)、聚(苯乙炔)、聚(N-乙烯基咔唑)。
19.权利要求13的多色发光装置结构，其中稀土混合螯合物包含键合至二齿配位体芳基或杂环基上的镧系元素。
20.权利要求19的多色发光装置结构，其中二齿配位体芳族或杂环基选自水杨醛和其衍生物、水杨酸、喹啉化合物、席夫碱配位体、乙酰丙酮化合物、菲咯啉、联吡啶、喹啉和吡啶。
21.权利要求19的多色发光装置结构，其中二价金属马来腈二硫戊环配合物具有下结构式：其中M3为具有+2价电荷的金属，Y1选自氰基，取代和未取代的苯基，L5为不带电荷的基团。
22.权利要求21的多色发光装置结构，其中L5为式P(OR)3或P(R)3的基团，其中R选自氢、取代和未取代的烷基、芳基及杂环基。
23.权利要求13的多色发光装置结构，其中双膦酸配合物的结构式为M2 x(O3P有机-PO3)y，其中M2为金属离子，有机代表一种能与膦酸基双官能化的芳香族或杂环族荧光化合物。
24.权利要求13的多色发光装置结构，其中三价金属桥连喹啉配合物具有下结构式：
Figure A9519680700061
其中，M为三价金属离子，Z选自SiR或P＝O，其中R选自氢、取代和未取代的烷基、芳基及杂环基。
25.权利要求13的多色发光装置结构，其中锡(iv)金属配合物具有下式SnL1 2L2 2，其中L1选自水杨醛、水杨酸及喹啉化合物，L2选自取代和未取代的烷基芳基和杂环基。
26.权利要求13的多色发光装置结构，其中分子电荷迁移配合物包含一种与电子给体配合的电子受体。
27.权利要求1的多色发光装置结构，其中所说的装置按照其相应的发射波长和吸收特性以一种次序堆积。
28.权利要求2的多色发光装置结构，其中在纵向上，最长波长LED是在堆积体的顶部，随之为连续较短波长的LED，最短波长LED在堆积体的底部。
29.一种多色发光装置结构，包含：
一层透明基底层，其表面上沉积第一透明导电涂层；
在所说的第一透明导电涂层上沉积的第一发光装置；
沉积在所说的第一装置上与所说的第一涂层不接触的第二透明导电涂层；
在所说的第二涂层的表面上沉积的第二发光装置；
沉积在所说的第二装置上与所说的第二涂层不接触的第三透明导电涂层；
在所说的第三涂层的表面上沉积的第三发光装置；
沉积在所说的第三装置上与所说的第三涂层不接触的另一导电涂层。
30.权利要求29的多色发光装置结构，其中所说的第一、第二、第三和第四导电涂层适于分别接收各个偏压源。
31.权利要求29的多色发光装置结构，其中所说装置和导电层被沉积而形成一种阶梯状，所说的透明基底的长度比所说的第一装置长，所说的第一装置的长度比所说的第二装置长，所说的第二装置的长度比所说的第三装置长，其中，每一步均被所述的适于所说的装置结构施加操作电压的各导电涂层覆盖，其中所说的第一至第三透明导电涂层允许通过任一所说装置分别发射光以通过所说的透明基底层。
32.权利要求29的多色发光装置结构，其中所说的另一导电涂层包括将向上的直射光反射返回所说基底的第三种金属。
33.权利要求32的多色发光装置结构，其中所说的另一导电层进一步包含一种相当薄的铟锡氧化物(ITO)层，其位于所说的厚金属层与所说的第三装置表面之间，且不与第三层接触，所说的ITO层用作接点，用于所说第三发光二极管装置的基础金属材料层。
34.权利要求29的多色发光装置结构，其中所说透明基底为玻璃，所说的第一导电涂层为铟锡氧化物(ITO)，每一个所说的第二、第三和另一导电涂层是由沉积于一种低功函金属层上的ITO层组成。
35.权利要求29的多色发光装置结构，其中每一个所说的装置为双杂结构(DH)，当施加偏压时，第一装置发蓝光(B)，第二装置发绿光(G)，第三装置发红光(R)。
36.权利要求35的多色发光装置结构，其中每一个DH结构由有机化合物组成。
37.权利要求29的多色发光装置结构，其中每一个所说的装置为单杂结构(SH)，当施加偏压时，第一装置发蓝光(B)，第二装置发绿光(G)，第三装置发红光(R)。
38.权利要求29的多色发光装置结构，其中每一个所说的装置为聚合物结构，当施加偏压时，第一装置发蓝光(B)，第二装置发绿光(G)，第三装置发红光(R)。
39.一种多色显示器，包含：
多个以纵横排列的多色发光装置像素结构，以提供具有每个像素结构的显示表面，其至少由一个多色发光装置结构组成，其中每一装置结构包含相互堆积的第一、第二和第三发光装置(LED)以形成一个层压结构，每一个LED被透明的导电层分隔开，藉此所说的显示器可经所说的导电层施加偏压以使所说的多色发光装置发光。
40.权利要求39的多色显示器，其中所说的第一LED发蓝光(B)，所说的第二LED发绿光(G)，所说的第三LED发红光(R)。
41.权利要求39的多色显示器，其中每一LED装置为双杂结构(DH)装置，其在所说装置中能使所用的有机化合物发光。
42.权利要求39的多色显示器，其中每一LED装置为单杂结构(SH)装置，其在所说装置中能使所用的有机化合物发光。
43.权利要求39的多色显示器，其中每一LED装置为聚合物结构装置，其在所说装置中能使所用的有机化合物发光。
44.权利要求39的多色显示器，其中在一玻璃基底上纵横排列的所说的多个多色装置结构涂敷有薄的透明ITO层，在所说基底上堆积每一像素的第一、第二和第三LED装置，形成分开的像素位置。
45.一种多色发光装置(LED)结构的构造方法，其包含下列步骤：
在透明的基底上形成第一透明导电层；
在所说的第一透明导电层上沉积第一空穴迁移层；
在所说的第一空穴迁移层上沉积第一有机发射层以提供第一种发射颜色；
在所说的第一发射层上沉积第一电子迁移层；
在所说的第一电子迁移层上沉积第二透明导电层，所说的第二透明导电层适于接收第一偏压；
在所说的第二透明导电层上沉积第二空穴迁移层；
在所说的第二空穴迁移层上沉积第二有机发射层以提供第二种发射颜色；
在所说的第二发射层上沉积第二电子迁移层；以及
在所说的第二电子迁移层上沉积第三透明导电层，所说的第三透明导电层适于接收第二偏压。
46.权利要求45的方法，还包括在沉积所说的第一空穴迁移层之前，荫罩所说第一透明导电层一区域以暴露所说的第一透明导电层的所说区域的步骤，从而使得能在所说第二透明导电层与所说第一透明导电层的所说区域之间施加第一偏压。
47.权利要求45的方法，还包括刻蚀所说第一空穴迁移层一区域以暴露所说的第一透明导电层一部分的步骤，从而使得能在所物第二透明导电层与所说第一透明导电层的所说暴露部分之间施加第一偏压。
48.一种气密封装的多色发光装置(LED)的构造方法，其包含下列步骤：
在透明的基底上形成第一透明导电层；
遮蔽所说的第一透明导电层以沉积SiO2层而形成同心的构型；
在所说的第一SiO2层的一部分上形成至少一个多色LED，每一个包括至少相互堆积的第一和第二有机发光装置(LED)，以在所说的第一SiO2层上形成层压结构；
经荫罩沉积多个金属接点或循环回路，每一个的一端靠近所说的第一SiO2层的外缘，而其另一端在所说至少一个多色LED的单个偏压电极上；
经荫罩沉积与第一SiO2层同心的第二SiO2层的环，其在所说的多个金属接点部分的外部的上面，但离开经暴露的所说的一端；
在所说的第二SiO2环的上面并与之同心沉积低温熔化的焊剂环；
在盖玻璃的底部沉积金属环，其位置与所说的焊剂一致；
在所说的基底上安装所说的盖玻璃及至少一个多色LED，所说的焊剂的环与所说的在盖玻璃上的金属环相对；
将所说的组件放置在惰性气体中；和
将焊剂环加热以熔化焊剂形成空气紧密封，并将所说的惰性气体包封在所说盖玻璃底部及下面的基底间的内部。
49.权利要求48的方法，其中所说的多色LED形成步骤进一步包括在所说的SiO2层上形成多个多色LED装置。
50.权利要求48的方法，其中所说的惰性气体包括干燥氮气。
51.权利要求48的方法，其中所说的第一透明层包括铟锡氧化物(ITO)。
52.权利要求51的方法，进一步包括在靠近所说ITO层边缘和其上面沉积金属接点作为阴极的步骤。
53.权利要求49的方法，进一步包括在靠近所说第一透明导电层边缘和其上面沉积金属接点作为阴极的步骤。
54.权利要求53的方法，其中所说的第一透明层包括铟锡氧化物(ITO)。
55.一种多色可赋能的发光结构，包含：
至少三层导电材料；
一种透明的可赋能的发光装置(LED)，其位于相邻的所说导电材料层之间，从而所说的LED与位于每两个所说LED间的所说的导电材料层之一相互堆积，而其它的导电材料层位于所说的LED的外面；
在所说相邻的LED与所说外层之一之间设置的导电材料层基本上是透明的；和
在每一个导电材料层上面用于与对每一个所说LED进行选择性赋能的连接偏压相连的部件。
56.权利要求55的结构，其中第一个所说的LED发射不同颜色。
57.权利要求56的结构，其中所说的LED以纵向排列进行堆积。
58.权利要求57的结构，进一步包括：
在所说的堆积体中的第三个LED；
所说的LED中中间的一个操作发出预定波长的光；
其它的LED之一操作发出较长波长的光；
最低的LED操作发出较短波长的光。
59.权利要求57的结构，进一步包括：
一个透明基底；
通过所说的透明基底负载所说的LED与导电材料层的堆积体，其次序相应于所说LED发射的光波的长度；和
所说发射最短波长的LED最接近所说的透明基底，从而当赋能时从每一个所说的LED发射的光通过其它LED和通过所说的透明基底传送。
60.权利要求59的结构，进一步包括：
位于所说发射最短波长的LED和所说透明基底之间的抗反射材料层，从而当赋能时，从每一个所说的LED发射的光不会从所说的透明基底反射。
61.权利要求59的结构，进一步包括：
在邻近发射最长波长的LED处的反射材料层，用于将从所说LED发射的光反射回所说基底。
62.权利要求55的结构，其中所说的导电材料层包括铟锡氧化物(ITO)和一种金属。
63.权利要求62的结构，其中所说的金属的功函小于4电子伏特。
64.权利要求55的结构，进一步包括：
一个透明基底；
通过所说的透明基底负载所说的LED与导电材料层的堆积体，其次序相应于所说LED发射的光波的长度；和
所说发射最短波长的LED最接近所说的透明基底，从而当赋能时，从每一个所说的LED发射的光通过其它LED和通过所说的透明基底在基本减少吸收下传送。
65.权利要求64的结构，进一步包括：
位于所说发射最短波长的LED和所说透明基底之间的抗反射材料层，从而当赋能时，从每一个所说的LED发射的光不会从所说的透明基底反射。
66.权利要求64的结构，其中所说的导电材料层包括铟锡氧化物(ITO)和一种金属。
67.权利要求66的结构，其中所说的金属的功函小于4电子伏特。
68.权利要求64的结构，进一步包括：
在邻近发射最长波长的LED处的反射材料层，用于将从所说LED发射的光反射回所说基底。
69.权利要求55的结构，其中所说的每一个LED均为双异结构。
70.权利要求55的结构，其中所说的每一个LED均为单异结构。
71.一种可赋能的光发射结构，包含：
一种透明基底；
负载于所说基底上基本透明的第一导电材料层；
负载于所说基本透明的第一导电材料层上的透明的可赋能的发光装置(LED)，所说的LED包括发射层；
负载于所说LED上的第二导电材料层；和
当赋能时，所说的LED操作以产生光并通过所说的透明基底传送。
72.权利要求71的结构，其中所说的第一和第二层包括铟锡氧化物。
73.权利要求72的结构，其中第二层进一步包含功函小于4电子伏特的金属层。
74.权利要求73的结构，其中所说的金属选自镁、砷和镁/金合金。
75.权利要求71的结构，进一步包括：
所说的第二导电材料层基本上是透明的；
负载于所说第二导电材料层上的透明的可赋能的第二发光装置(LED)，所说的第二LED包括发射层；
负载于所说第二LED上的第三导电材料层；和
当赋能时，所说的第二LED操作以产生光并通过所说的第一LED和通过透明基底传送。
76.权利要求71的可赋能发光结构，其中所说的发射层包括选自以下材料中的至少一种：三价金属喹啉配合物、三价金属桥连喹啉配合物、席夫碱二价金属配合物、锡(IV)金属配合物、金属乙酰丙酮配合物、金属二齿配位体配合物、双膦酸配合物、二价金属马来腈二硫戊环配合物、分子电荷迁移配合物、芳香和杂环聚合物和稀土混合螯合物。
77.一种多色可赋能的发光显示器，包含：
多个可赋能的发光结构；
所说结构的每一个包含多个透明的发光装置(LED)，它们相互堆积；
当赋能时，所说的结构中的每一个LED操作以产生不同颜色的光；和
用于对每一个所说结构中的至少一个LED选择性地赋能的部件，在每一个发光结构中的LED或LED组被赋能由其决定由每一个所说的发光结构产生的颜色，从而从所说结构发出的光产生预定图形和颜色的图像。
78.权利要求77的显示器，其中所说的可赋能的发光结构以一种排列方式设置，所说的排列方式包括至少两个轴，每一个所说的发光结构位于至少两个轴的交叉处。
79.权利要求78的显示器，其中所说的轴定义为横轴和纵轴。
80.权利要求78的显示器，其中所说用于对每一个所说结构中的至少一个LED选择性地赋能的部件包括：
用于选择结构及在这些欲赋能的结构中LED的部件；和
用于逐次地扫描每一个轴的部件，从而使所说的用于对至少一个LED选择性地赋能的部件能沿所说的轴扫描，在所说轴的交叉处所说LED中所选的一个被逐次赋能以发光，从而逐次产生所说的图像和所说的颜色。
81.权利要求77的显示器，其中所说用于对每一个所说结构中的至少一个LED选择性地赋能的部件包括：
用于基本上逐次地赋能所说的LED的部件，其是在所说的结构中，从而由所说的结构逐次地产生所说的图像和所说的颜色。
82.权利要求77的显示器，其中操作用于对所说LED选择性地赋能的部件，以同时对所选结构中之一的LED进行赋能，从而通过所选结构中之一的所选的LED之一同时产生所说的图像和所说的颜色。
83.权利要求77的显示器，其中每一个所说结构进一步包括：
一个透明基底；
所说的每一LED具有底部和顶部，并限定了LED的堆积体具有的底部和顶部，所说的堆积体负载于所说的透明的基底上；
基本透明的第一导电材料层，所说的第一层设置在所说底部LED和所说透明基底之间；
至少一层基本透明的第二导电材料层，所说的第二层设置在相邻的LED之间；
第一导电材料层，所说的第一层设置在所说邻近顶部LED的顶部处；和
所说的每一导电材料层上用于与偏压连接以选择性地对每一所说LED进行赋能的部件。
84.权利要求83的显示器，其中每一基本透明的导电材料层和导电材料层包括一层铟锡氧化物。
85.权利要求83的显示器，其中每一基本透明的导电材料层和导电材料层包括一层金属层和一层铟锡氧化物。
86.权利要求85的显示器，其中所说的金属的功函小于约4电子伏特。
87.权利要求83的显示器，进一步包括：
设置在所说近顶部LED顶点的导电材料层上的反射材料层，从而从所说的LED发出的光由所说的反射材料层反射通过所说的透明基底。
88.权利要求87的显示器，进一步包括：
所说的LED的堆积体负载于所说的透明基底上，其次序相应于所说LED发射的光的波长；和
所说发射最短波长的LED最接近所说的透明基底，从而当赋能时从每一个所说的LED发射的光通过其它LED和通过所说的透明基底传送。
89.权利要求88的显示器，进一步包括：
位于所说发射最短波长的LED和所说透明基底之间的抗反射材料层，从而当赋能时，从每一个所说的LED发射的光不会从所说的透明基底反射。
90.权利要求77的显示器，进一步包括：
一层透明基底；
每一个所说的LED具有顶部和底部；
至少两层基本上透明的导电材料层，其中一层设置在所说透明基底上；
在所说每一结构中所说LED之一的底部负载于所说基本上透明的导电材料一层之上；
其它基本透明的导电材料层设置在其余LED之间，从而所说的LED限定了堆积体；
负载于所说堆积体顶部的导电材料层是离所说的透明基底最远的；和
在所说的基本透明的导电材料层上和所说的导电材料层上选择与偏压连续以选择性地对所说每一LED进行赋能的部件。
91.权利要求90的显示器，其中所述的每一基本透明的导电材料层和导电材料层包括一层铟锡氧化物。
92.权利要求90的显示器，其中所述的每一基本透明的导电材料层和导电材料层包括一层金属层和一层铟锡氧化物。
93.权利要求92的显示器，其中所说的金属的功函小于约4电子伏特。
94.权利要求90的显示器，进一步包括：
设置在所述邻近顶部LED顶点的基本透明的导电材料层上的反射材料层，从而光由所说的反射材料层反射通过所说的透明基底。
95.权利要求94的结构，其中
通过所说的透明基底负载所说的LED的堆积体，其次序相应于所说LED发射的光波的长度；和
所说发射最短波长的LED最接近所说的透明基底，从而当赋能时从每一个所说的LED发射的光通过其它LED和通过所说的透明基底传送。
96.权利要求95的结构，进一步包括：
位于所说发射最短波长的LED和所说透明基底之间的抗反射材料层，从而当赋能时，从每一个所说的LED发射的光不会从所说的透明基底反射。
97.权利要求77的结构，其中所说的多个LED包括：
三个LED；
每一个所说的LED为双异结构(DH)；
当赋能时操作最接近透明基底的LED以发射蓝光；
当赋能时操作最远离透明基底的LED以发射绿光；
当赋能时操作其它LED以发射红光。
98.权利要求97的的多色发光显示器，其中所说的每个LED包括含有机材料的发射层，有机材料选自：三价金属喹啉配合物、三价金属桥连喹啉配合物、席夫碱二价金属配合物、锡(IV)金属配合物、金属乙酰丙酮配合物、金属二齿配位体配合物、双膦酸配合物、二价金属马来腈二硫戊环配合物、分子电荷迁移配合物、芳香和杂环聚合物和稀土混合螯合物。
99.权利要求77的的显示器，其中所说的多个LED包括：
三个LED；
每一个所说的LED为单异结构(SH)；
当赋能时操作最接近透明基底的LED以发射蓝光；
当赋能时操作最远离透明基底的LED以发射绿光；
当赋能时操作其它LED以发射红光。
100.权利要求99的的多色发光显示器，其中所说的每个LED包括含有机材料的发射层，有机材料选自：三价金属喹啉配合物、三价金属桥连喹啉配合物、席夫碱二价金属配合物、锡(IV)金属配合物、金属乙酰丙酮配合物、金属二齿配位体配合物、双膦酸配合物、二价金属马来腈二硫戊环配合物、分子电荷迁移配合物、芳香和杂环聚合物和稀土混合螯合物。
101.一种多色可赋能的发光结构的构造方法，包含下述步骤：
提供一层透明基底；
提供在所说透明基底上的基本透明的第一导电材料层；
提供在所说基底上的透明的第一发光二极管(LED)，当赋能时所说的第一LED操作以发射第一种预定波长的光；
提供在所说第一LED上的基本透明的第一导电材料层；
提供在所说基本透明的第二导电层上的透明的第二发光二极管(LED)，当赋能时所说的第二LED操作以发射第二种预定波长的光，其波长比第一种预定波长的光的波长长；和
在所说第二(LED)上的导电层。
102、权利要求101的方法，其中
所说的提供所说的第一和第二LED的步骤包括通过下述步骤形成每一LED的步骤：
在所说的基本透明的第一和第二导电层上沉积空穴迁移层；
在所说的空穴迁移层上沉积发射层；
在所说的发射层上沉积电子迁移层。
103.权利要求102的方法，其中所说的每个发射层包括的材料选自：三价金属喹啉配合物、三价金属桥连喹啉配合物、席夫碱二价金属配合物、锡(IV)金属配合物、金属乙酰丙酮配合物、金属二齿配位体配合物、双膦酸配合物、二价金属马来腈二硫戊环配合物、分子电荷迁移配合物、芳香和杂环聚合物和稀土混合螯合物。
104.权利要求103的方法，其中每一层基本透明的导电材料层和导电材料层包括一层铟锡氧化物。
105.权利要求102的方法，进一步包括：
提供在所说LED之间基本透明的金属层的步骤；和
在所说的基本透明的金属层上的所说的基本透明的导电材料层的步骤。
106.权利要求105的方法，其中所说的金属的功函小于约4电子伏特。
107.权利要求105的方法，其中所说的金属选自镁、砷和镁/金合金。
108.权利要求101的方法，其中所说的导电材料层具有用于反射所说LED发出的光通过所说透明基底的反射表面。
109.权利要求101的方法，进一步包括如下步骤：
在所说基本透明的每一导电材料层和所说的每一导电材料层上提供电接点，从而每一层可与偏压源连接。
110.一种透明的可赋能的发光装置(LED)，包含：
一发射层，空穴迁移层和电子迁移层；
所说的发射层设置在所说空穴迁移层与电子迁移层之间；
基本上透明的第一导电材料层，第二导电材料层，所说的第一层在所说的空穴迁移层上面，所说的第二层在所说的电子迁移层上面；和
所说的每个发射层由以下材料组成，该材料选自：三价金属喹啉配合物、三价金属桥连喹啉配合物、席夫碱二价金属配合物、锡(IV)金属配合物、金属乙酰丙酮配合物、金属二齿配位体配合物、双膦酸配合物、二价金属马来腈二硫戊环配合物、分子电荷迁移配合物、芳香和杂环聚合物和稀土混合螯合物。
111.权利要求110的装置，其中
所说的发射层的厚度不超过约200埃；
所说的空穴迁移层的厚度不超过约1000埃；和
所说的电子迁移层的厚度不超过约1000埃。
CN95196807A 1994-12-13 1995-12-06 多色有机发光装置及其制法 Expired - Lifetime CN1096936C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/354,674 US5707745A (en) 1994-12-13 1994-12-13 Multicolor organic light emitting devices
US08/354,674 1994-12-13

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNB001095781A Division CN1236410C (zh) 1994-12-13 1995-12-06 多色显示器
CN00109579A Division CN1291068A (zh) 1994-12-13 2000-07-05 可赋能的发光装置

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1170383A true CN1170383A (zh) 1998-01-14
CN1096936C CN1096936C (zh) 2002-12-25

Family

ID=23394434

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN95196807A Expired - Lifetime CN1096936C (zh) 1994-12-13 1995-12-06 多色有机发光装置及其制法
CNB001095781A Expired - Lifetime CN1236410C (zh) 1994-12-13 1995-12-06 多色显示器
CN00109579A Pending CN1291068A (zh) 1994-12-13 2000-07-05 可赋能的发光装置

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNB001095781A Expired - Lifetime CN1236410C (zh) 1994-12-13 1995-12-06 多色显示器
CN00109579A Pending CN1291068A (zh) 1994-12-13 2000-07-05 可赋能的发光装置

Country Status (21)

Country Link
US (5) US5707745A (zh)
EP (2) EP1119059A3 (zh)
JP (2) JP3496681B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR100419020B1 (zh)
CN (3) CN1096936C (zh)
AR (1) AR001331A1 (zh)
AT (1) ATE220246T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU690413B2 (zh)
BR (1) BR9510076A (zh)
CA (1) CA2206769A1 (zh)
DE (2) DE19581862T1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2117590B1 (zh)
FI (1) FI972176A (zh)
FR (3) FR2728082B1 (zh)
GB (1) GB2313478B (zh)
IT (1) IT1277977B1 (zh)
NO (1) NO972706L (zh)
PL (1) PL179550B1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2160470C2 (zh)
TW (1) TW294842B (zh)
WO (1) WO1996019792A2 (zh)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100392873C (zh) * 2001-12-07 2008-06-04 张修恒 叠置晶片全彩色发光二极管的封装结构及方法
CN100454594C (zh) * 2005-08-11 2009-01-21 璨圆光电股份有限公司 发光二极管元件及其驱动方法
US7965028B2 (en) 2007-12-12 2011-06-21 Au Optronics Corporation White light emitting device and producing method thereof
CN102516720A (zh) * 2000-06-12 2012-06-27 住友化学株式会社 聚合物基质电致发光材料及装置
CN104752550A (zh) * 2013-12-31 2015-07-01 爱思开海力士有限公司 具有光学收发器的半导体封装件
CN104769149A (zh) * 2012-11-06 2015-07-08 Oti领英有限公司 用于在表面上沉积导电覆层的方法
CN105165122A (zh) * 2013-05-01 2015-12-16 柯尼卡美能达株式会社 有机电致发光元件
CN105826479A (zh) * 2015-01-26 2016-08-03 财团法人工业技术研究院 发光元件
CN105826478A (zh) * 2015-01-26 2016-08-03 财团法人工业技术研究院 发光元件
CN105914279A (zh) * 2016-06-28 2016-08-31 无锡宏纳科技有限公司 一种底部发光的二极管
US9704924B2 (en) 2015-01-26 2017-07-11 Industrial Technology Research Institute Light emitting device
US9741959B1 (en) 2016-02-19 2017-08-22 Industrial Technology Research Institute Light emitting device
CN107342352A (zh) * 2016-04-04 2017-11-10 三星电子株式会社 发光二极管光源模块和显示设备
CN108865819A (zh) * 2017-05-08 2018-11-23 广州康昕瑞基因健康科技有限公司 基因测序反应小室
US10355246B2 (en) 2015-12-16 2019-07-16 Oti Lumionics Inc. Barrier coating for opto-electronics devices
CN110770920A (zh) * 2017-12-20 2020-02-07 首尔伟傲世有限公司 用于显示器的led单元和具有其的显示设备
CN110785841A (zh) * 2017-11-27 2020-02-11 首尔伟傲世有限公司 用于显示器的led单元和具有该led单元的显示设备
US11152587B2 (en) 2016-08-15 2021-10-19 Oti Lumionics Inc. Light transmissive electrode for light emitting devices

Families Citing this family (1620)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20221915U1 (de) * 1977-06-01 2009-06-04 Idemitsu Kosan Co. Ltd. Organische Elektrolumineszenzvorrichtung
US5703436A (en) 1994-12-13 1997-12-30 The Trustees Of Princeton University Transparent contacts for organic devices
US6548956B2 (en) 1994-12-13 2003-04-15 The Trustees Of Princeton University Transparent contacts for organic devices
US5707745A (en) 1994-12-13 1998-01-13 The Trustees Of Princeton University Multicolor organic light emitting devices
US6358631B1 (en) 1994-12-13 2002-03-19 The Trustees Of Princeton University Mixed vapor deposited films for electroluminescent devices
GB2312326B (en) 1995-04-18 1999-07-28 Cambridge Display Tech Ltd Electroluminescent device
JP2982699B2 (ja) * 1995-08-04 1999-11-29 東洋インキ製造株式会社 多層型有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子の電子注入層形成用材料
US5940683A (en) * 1996-01-18 1999-08-17 Motorola, Inc. LED display packaging with substrate removal and method of fabrication
JP3552435B2 (ja) * 1996-12-04 2004-08-11 株式会社日立製作所 有機発光素子及びその作成方法
JP3537591B2 (ja) * 1996-04-26 2004-06-14 パイオニア株式会社 有機ｅｌディスプレイの製造方法
US6048630A (en) 1996-07-02 2000-04-11 The Trustees Of Princeton University Red-emitting organic light emitting devices (OLED's)
US5998085A (en) * 1996-07-23 1999-12-07 3M Innovative Properties Process for preparing high resolution emissive arrays and corresponding articles
JPH1055887A (ja) * 1996-08-08 1998-02-24 Denso Corp マトリクス表示装置
BR9711155B1 (pt) * 1996-08-12 2009-05-05 dispositivo de emissão de luz orgánico flexìvel não-polimérico.
JP3899566B2 (ja) * 1996-11-25 2007-03-28 セイコーエプソン株式会社 有機ｅｌ表示装置の製造方法
US6002206A (en) * 1996-11-28 1999-12-14 Cambridge Display Technology Limited Organic EL devices and operation thereof
CA2223167C (en) 1996-12-04 2004-04-27 Hitachi, Ltd. Organic light emitting element and producing method thereof
US6125226A (en) * 1997-04-18 2000-09-26 The Trustees Of Princeton University Light emitting devices having high brightness
US5986401A (en) * 1997-03-20 1999-11-16 The Trustee Of Princeton University High contrast transparent organic light emitting device display
US6013982A (en) * 1996-12-23 2000-01-11 The Trustees Of Princeton University Multicolor display devices
US6091195A (en) 1997-02-03 2000-07-18 The Trustees Of Princeton University Displays having mesa pixel configuration
US5874803A (en) * 1997-09-09 1999-02-23 The Trustees Of Princeton University Light emitting device with stack of OLEDS and phosphor downconverter
US5861219A (en) * 1997-04-15 1999-01-19 The Trustees Of Princeton University Organic light emitting devices containing a metal complex of 5-hydroxy-quinoxaline as a host material
US6045930A (en) * 1996-12-23 2000-04-04 The Trustees Of Princeton University Materials for multicolor light emitting diodes
US5811833A (en) * 1996-12-23 1998-09-22 University Of So. Ca Electron transporting and light emitting layers based on organic free radicals
US6046543A (en) * 1996-12-23 2000-04-04 The Trustees Of Princeton University High reliability, high efficiency, integratable organic light emitting devices and methods of producing same
US5981306A (en) * 1997-09-12 1999-11-09 The Trustees Of Princeton University Method for depositing indium tin oxide layers in organic light emitting devices
US5739545A (en) * 1997-02-04 1998-04-14 International Business Machines Corporation Organic light emitting diodes having transparent cathode structures
US6111902A (en) 1997-05-09 2000-08-29 The Trustees Of Princeton University Organic semiconductor laser
US5932895A (en) * 1997-05-20 1999-08-03 The Trustees Of Princeton University Saturated full color stacked organic light emitting devices
DE69817505T2 (de) * 1997-05-22 2004-06-17 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Organische elektrolumineszente vorrichtung
GB9711237D0 (en) * 1997-06-02 1997-07-23 Isis Innovation Organomettallic Complexes
US6452218B1 (en) * 1997-06-10 2002-09-17 Uniax Corporation Ultra-thin alkaline earth metals as stable electron-injecting electrodes for polymer light emitting diodes
US6215244B1 (en) * 1997-06-16 2001-04-10 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Stacked organic light emitting device with specific electrode arrangement
GB9712483D0 (en) 1997-06-17 1997-08-20 Kathirgamanathan Poopathy Fabrication of light emitting devices from chelates of transition metals, lanthanides and actinides
US6337492B1 (en) * 1997-07-11 2002-01-08 Emagin Corporation Serially-connected organic light emitting diode stack having conductors sandwiching each light emitting layer
US6198220B1 (en) * 1997-07-11 2001-03-06 Emagin Corporation Sealing structure for organic light emitting devices
EP1021255A1 (en) * 1997-07-11 2000-07-26 Fed Corporation Sealing structure for organic light emitting devices
KR20010021742A (ko) * 1997-07-11 2001-03-15 게리 더블유. 존스 컬러 유기성 발광 다이오드 디스플레이를 제조하는 레이저제거 방법
JP3994482B2 (ja) * 1997-08-27 2007-10-17 双葉電子工業株式会社 マルチカラー有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子及びその製造方法
US6043550A (en) * 1997-09-03 2000-03-28 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Photodiode and photodiode module
US5965907A (en) * 1997-09-29 1999-10-12 Motorola, Inc. Full color organic light emitting backlight device for liquid crystal display applications
US6451455B1 (en) 1998-04-01 2002-09-17 The Trustees Of Princeton University Metal complexes bearing both electron transporting and hole transporting moieties
US6469437B1 (en) 1997-11-03 2002-10-22 The Trustees Of Princeton University Highly transparent organic light emitting device employing a non-metallic cathode
US6150043A (en) 1998-04-10 2000-11-21 The Trustees Of Princeton University OLEDs containing thermally stable glassy organic hole transporting materials
US6303238B1 (en) * 1997-12-01 2001-10-16 The Trustees Of Princeton University OLEDs doped with phosphorescent compounds
US6420031B1 (en) 1997-11-03 2002-07-16 The Trustees Of Princeton University Highly transparent non-metallic cathodes
US6413656B1 (en) 1998-09-14 2002-07-02 The University Of Southern California Reduced symmetry porphyrin molecules for producing enhanced luminosity from phosphorescent organic light emitting devices
US6030715A (en) * 1997-10-09 2000-02-29 The University Of Southern California Azlactone-related dopants in the emissive layer of an OLED
DE69841006D1 (de) 1997-10-09 2009-09-03 Univ Princeton Phosphoreszente organische lichtemittierende Vorrichtung
US6337102B1 (en) * 1997-11-17 2002-01-08 The Trustees Of Princeton University Low pressure vapor phase deposition of organic thin films
GB9724682D0 (en) 1997-11-21 1998-01-21 Cambridge Display Tech Ltd Electroluminescent device
US6013538A (en) * 1997-11-24 2000-01-11 The Trustees Of Princeton University Method of fabricating and patterning OLEDs
US5953587A (en) * 1997-11-24 1999-09-14 The Trustees Of Princeton University Method for deposition and patterning of organic thin film
US6075316A (en) * 1997-12-15 2000-06-13 Motorola, Inc. Full color organic electroluminescent display device and method of fabrication
US6209118B1 (en) * 1998-01-21 2001-03-27 Micron Technology, Inc. Method for modifying an integrated circuit
US5994836A (en) * 1998-02-02 1999-11-30 Ois Optical Imaging Systems, Inc. Organic light emitting diode (OLED) structure and method of making same
US6106352A (en) * 1998-03-18 2000-08-22 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Method for fabrication of organic electroluminescent device
US6316098B1 (en) 1998-03-27 2001-11-13 Yissum Research Development Company Of The Hebrew University Of Jerusalem Molecular layer epitaxy method and compositions
US6783849B2 (en) * 1998-03-27 2004-08-31 Yissum Research Development Company Of The Hebrew University Of Jerusalem Molecular layer epitaxy method and compositions
US6287712B1 (en) 1998-04-10 2001-09-11 The Trustees Of Princeton University Color-tunable organic light emitting devices
US6210814B1 (en) 1998-04-10 2001-04-03 The University Of Southern California Color-tunable organic light emitting devices
US6387544B1 (en) 1998-04-10 2002-05-14 The Trustees Of Princeton University OLEDS containing thermally stable glassy organic hole transporting materials
US6312836B1 (en) 1998-04-10 2001-11-06 The Trustees Of Princeton University Color-tunable organic light emitting devices
US6120857A (en) * 1998-05-18 2000-09-19 The Regents Of The University Of California Low work function surface layers produced by laser ablation using short-wavelength photons
JP3884564B2 (ja) * 1998-05-20 2007-02-21 出光興産株式会社 有機ｅｌ発光素子およびそれを用いた発光装置
EP0966050A3 (de) * 1998-06-18 2004-11-17 Osram Opto Semiconductors GmbH & Co. OHG Organische Leuchtdiode
JP4264994B2 (ja) * 1998-07-10 2009-05-20 凸版印刷株式会社 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス表示素子の製造方法
WO2000015009A1 (fr) * 1998-09-02 2000-03-16 Seiko Epson Corporation Source lumineuse et dispositif d'affichage
US6097147A (en) * 1998-09-14 2000-08-01 The Trustees Of Princeton University Structure for high efficiency electroluminescent device
US6830828B2 (en) 1998-09-14 2004-12-14 The Trustees Of Princeton University Organometallic complexes as phosphorescent emitters in organic LEDs
US6166489A (en) * 1998-09-15 2000-12-26 The Trustees Of Princeton University Light emitting device using dual light emitting stacks to achieve full-color emission
JP2000098116A (ja) * 1998-09-18 2000-04-07 Canon Inc 素子又は素子作製用モールド型の作製方法
US6214631B1 (en) 1998-10-30 2001-04-10 The Trustees Of Princeton University Method for patterning light emitting devices incorporating a movable mask
GB9823761D0 (en) * 1998-11-02 1998-12-23 South Bank Univ Entpr Ltd Novel electroluminescent materials
US6037190A (en) * 1998-11-13 2000-03-14 Industrial Technology Research Institute Method for fabricating an organic electro-luminescent device
DE19854899C1 (de) * 1998-11-27 1999-12-30 Siemens Ag Beleuchtungseinheit
GB9826405D0 (en) 1998-12-02 1999-01-27 South Bank Univ Entpr Ltd Method for forming films or layers
GB9826407D0 (en) 1998-12-02 1999-01-27 South Bank Univ Entpr Ltd Novel electroluminescent materials
JP2000195664A (ja) 1998-12-24 2000-07-14 Rohm Co Ltd 発光装置
DE60035078T2 (de) 1999-01-15 2008-01-31 3M Innovative Properties Co., St. Paul Herstellungsverfahren eines Donorelements für Übertragung durch Wärme
US6114088A (en) 1999-01-15 2000-09-05 3M Innovative Properties Company Thermal transfer element for forming multilayer devices
GB9901971D0 (en) 1999-02-01 1999-03-17 South Bank Univ Entpr Ltd Electroluminescent material
JP3887984B2 (ja) * 1999-02-05 2007-02-28 松下電器産業株式会社 多色発光分散型ｅｌランプ
JP3594826B2 (ja) 1999-02-09 2004-12-02 パイオニア株式会社 窒化物半導体発光素子及びその製造方法
EP1031642B1 (en) 1999-02-26 2002-11-27 Agfa-Gevaert Conductive metal oxide based layer
US7001536B2 (en) 1999-03-23 2006-02-21 The Trustees Of Princeton University Organometallic complexes as phosphorescent emitters in organic LEDs
KR101166264B1 (ko) 1999-03-23 2012-07-17 유니버시티 오브 서던 캘리포니아 유기 엘이디의 인광성 도펀트로서의 사이클로메탈화 금속복합체
US6262710B1 (en) * 1999-05-25 2001-07-17 Intel Corporation Performing color conversion in extended color polymer displays
JP4136185B2 (ja) * 1999-05-12 2008-08-20 パイオニア株式会社 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス多色ディスプレイ及びその製造方法
AU4833800A (en) * 1999-05-13 2000-12-05 University Of Southern California Titanium nitride anode for use in organic light emitting devices
US6727521B2 (en) * 2000-09-25 2004-04-27 Foveon, Inc. Vertical color filter detector group and array
TW437104B (en) * 1999-05-25 2001-05-28 Wang Tien Yang Semiconductor light-emitting device and method for manufacturing the same
JP2001035660A (ja) * 1999-07-16 2001-02-09 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd 有機電界発光素子
US6310360B1 (en) 1999-07-21 2001-10-30 The Trustees Of Princeton University Intersystem crossing agents for efficient utilization of excitons in organic light emitting devices
DE19934963B4 (de) * 1999-07-26 2004-04-29 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Display für Chipkarten
WO2001012576A1 (en) 1999-08-16 2001-02-22 The University Of Southern California Synthesis of cyclooctatetraene derivatives and their use as electron transporters in organic light emitting diodes
US6506505B1 (en) 1999-08-16 2003-01-14 The University Of Southern California Cyclooctatetraenes as electron transporters in organic light emitting diodes
US6593690B1 (en) * 1999-09-03 2003-07-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Large area organic electronic devices having conducting polymer buffer layers and methods of making same
US6611096B1 (en) 1999-09-03 2003-08-26 3M Innovative Properties Company Organic electronic devices having conducting self-doped polymer buffer layers
JP2001111109A (ja) * 1999-10-07 2001-04-20 Sharp Corp 窒化ガリウム系化合物半導体発光素子
US6214151B1 (en) 1999-11-05 2001-04-10 International Business Machines Corporation Thermal dye transfer process for preparing opto-electronic devices
JP2001135479A (ja) * 1999-11-08 2001-05-18 Canon Inc 発光素子、並びにそれを用いた画像読取装置、情報処理装置及びディスプレイ装置
US7202506B1 (en) * 1999-11-19 2007-04-10 Cree, Inc. Multi element, multi color solid state LED/laser
US8829546B2 (en) * 1999-11-19 2014-09-09 Cree, Inc. Rare earth doped layer or substrate for light conversion
US6294398B1 (en) 1999-11-23 2001-09-25 The Trustees Of Princeton University Method for patterning devices
US6458475B1 (en) 1999-11-24 2002-10-01 The Trustee Of Princeton University Organic light emitting diode having a blue phosphorescent molecule as an emitter
KR100937470B1 (ko) * 1999-12-01 2010-01-19 더 트러스티즈 오브 프린스턴 유니버시티 유기 ｌｅｄ용 인광성 도펀트로서 ｌ2ｍｘ 형태의 화합물
US6537607B1 (en) 1999-12-17 2003-03-25 Texas Instruments Incorporated Selective deposition of emissive layer in electroluminescent displays
US6639357B1 (en) 2000-02-28 2003-10-28 The Trustees Of Princeton University High efficiency transparent organic light emitting devices
JP2001284631A (ja) * 2000-03-30 2001-10-12 Toshiba Corp 光検出器及び光検出システム
KR20010095429A (ko) * 2000-03-30 2001-11-07 윤덕용 단일 이온 전도체를 전자 혹은 정공 주입층으로 이용하는유기/고분자 전기 발광 소자
US6661029B1 (en) * 2000-03-31 2003-12-09 General Electric Company Color tunable organic electroluminescent light source
JP2001341296A (ja) * 2000-03-31 2001-12-11 Seiko Epson Corp インクジェット法による薄膜形成方法、インクジェット装置、有機ｅｌ素子の製造方法、有機ｅｌ素子
US6913713B2 (en) * 2002-01-25 2005-07-05 Konarka Technologies, Inc. Photovoltaic fibers
US6645645B1 (en) * 2000-05-30 2003-11-11 The Trustees Of Princeton University Phosphorescent organic light emitting devices
US6840999B2 (en) * 2000-07-25 2005-01-11 Board Of Regents The University Of Texas System In situ regrowth and purification of crystalline thin films
DE10037391A1 (de) 2000-08-01 2002-02-14 Covion Organic Semiconductors Strukturierbare Materialien, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung
TW494323B (en) * 2000-08-29 2002-07-11 Ibm System and method for locating on a physical document items referenced in another physical document
TW528967B (en) 2000-08-29 2003-04-21 Ibm System and method for locating on a physical document items referenced in an electronic document
US6525464B1 (en) * 2000-09-08 2003-02-25 Unity Opto Technology Co., Ltd. Stacked light-mixing LED
JP3560150B2 (ja) * 2000-09-14 2004-09-02 日本精機株式会社 有機ｅｌ素子
US6358664B1 (en) 2000-09-15 2002-03-19 3M Innovative Properties Company Electronically active primer layers for thermal patterning of materials for electronic devices
US6855384B1 (en) 2000-09-15 2005-02-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Selective thermal transfer of light emitting polymer blends
JP4067286B2 (ja) * 2000-09-21 2008-03-26 富士フイルム株式会社 発光素子及びイリジウム錯体
US6617186B2 (en) 2000-09-25 2003-09-09 Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. Method for producing electroluminescent element
US6884093B2 (en) 2000-10-03 2005-04-26 The Trustees Of Princeton University Organic triodes with novel grid structures and method of production
US6620012B1 (en) * 2000-10-27 2003-09-16 Science Applications International Corporation Method for testing a light-emitting panel and the components therein
US6612889B1 (en) 2000-10-27 2003-09-02 Science Applications International Corporation Method for making a light-emitting panel
US6570335B1 (en) * 2000-10-27 2003-05-27 Science Applications International Corporation Method and system for energizing a micro-component in a light-emitting panel
US6762566B1 (en) 2000-10-27 2004-07-13 Science Applications International Corporation Micro-component for use in a light-emitting panel
US6935913B2 (en) * 2000-10-27 2005-08-30 Science Applications International Corporation Method for on-line testing of a light emitting panel
US6764367B2 (en) * 2000-10-27 2004-07-20 Science Applications International Corporation Liquid manufacturing processes for panel layer fabrication
US6801001B2 (en) * 2000-10-27 2004-10-05 Science Applications International Corporation Method and apparatus for addressing micro-components in a plasma display panel
US6545422B1 (en) * 2000-10-27 2003-04-08 Science Applications International Corporation Socket for use with a micro-component in a light-emitting panel
US6822626B2 (en) * 2000-10-27 2004-11-23 Science Applications International Corporation Design, fabrication, testing, and conditioning of micro-components for use in a light-emitting panel
US7288014B1 (en) 2000-10-27 2007-10-30 Science Applications International Corporation Design, fabrication, testing, and conditioning of micro-components for use in a light-emitting panel
US6796867B2 (en) * 2000-10-27 2004-09-28 Science Applications International Corporation Use of printing and other technology for micro-component placement
US20030129299A1 (en) * 2000-11-16 2003-07-10 Swanson Leland S. Selective deposition of emissive layer in electroluminescent displays
GB0028436D0 (en) * 2000-11-21 2001-01-10 South Bank Univ Entpr Ltd Electroluminescent device incorporating conjugated polymer
GB0028439D0 (en) * 2000-11-21 2001-01-10 South Bank Univ Entpr Ltd Elecroluminescent device
GB0028317D0 (en) * 2000-11-21 2001-01-03 South Bank Univ Entpr Ltd Electroluminescent device incorporating polyaniline
US6844957B2 (en) * 2000-11-29 2005-01-18 International Business Machines Corporation Three level stacked reflective display
US6537688B2 (en) 2000-12-01 2003-03-25 Universal Display Corporation Adhesive sealed organic optoelectronic structures
US6573651B2 (en) 2000-12-18 2003-06-03 The Trustees Of Princeton University Highly efficient OLEDs using doped ambipolar conductive molecular organic thin films
KR100685917B1 (ko) * 2000-12-27 2007-02-22 엘지.필립스 엘시디 주식회사 전계발광소자 및 그 제조방법
US6614175B2 (en) 2001-01-26 2003-09-02 Xerox Corporation Organic light emitting devices
JP4292245B2 (ja) 2001-02-05 2009-07-08 三星モバイルディスプレイ株式會社 発光体、発光素子、及び発光表示装置
US6614057B2 (en) 2001-02-07 2003-09-02 Universal Display Corporation Sealed organic optoelectronic structures
US6762124B2 (en) 2001-02-14 2004-07-13 Avery Dennison Corporation Method for patterning a multilayered conductor/substrate structure
US20020110673A1 (en) 2001-02-14 2002-08-15 Ramin Heydarpour Multilayered electrode/substrate structures and display devices incorporating the same
US6692662B2 (en) * 2001-02-16 2004-02-17 Elecon, Inc. Compositions produced by solvent exchange methods and uses thereof
US6576351B2 (en) 2001-02-16 2003-06-10 Universal Display Corporation Barrier region for optoelectronic devices
JP4116260B2 (ja) * 2001-02-23 2008-07-09 株式会社東芝 半導体発光装置
WO2002071813A1 (en) 2001-03-02 2002-09-12 The Trustees Of Princeton University Double doped-layer, phosphorescent organic light emitting devices
US6596443B2 (en) 2001-03-12 2003-07-22 Universal Display Corporation Mask for patterning devices
US6407408B1 (en) 2001-03-12 2002-06-18 Universal Display Corporation Method for patterning devices
EP1374320B1 (en) * 2001-03-14 2020-05-06 The Trustees Of Princeton University Materials and devices for blue phosphorescence based organic light emitting diodes
US6624568B2 (en) 2001-03-28 2003-09-23 Universal Display Corporation Multilayer barrier region containing moisture- and oxygen-absorbing material for optoelectronic devices
US6664137B2 (en) 2001-03-29 2003-12-16 Universal Display Corporation Methods and structures for reducing lateral diffusion through cooperative barrier layers
DE10117663B4 (de) * 2001-04-09 2004-09-02 Samsung SDI Co., Ltd., Suwon Verfahren zur Herstellung von Matrixanordnungen auf Basis verschiedenartiger organischer leitfähiger Materialien
US6895667B2 (en) * 2001-04-13 2005-05-24 The Trustees Of Princeton University Transfer of patterned metal by cold-welding
GB0109755D0 (en) * 2001-04-20 2001-06-13 Elam T Ltd Devices incorporating mixed metal organic complexes
US6485884B2 (en) 2001-04-27 2002-11-26 3M Innovative Properties Company Method for patterning oriented materials for organic electronic displays and devices
EP3333876A1 (en) * 2001-05-16 2018-06-13 The Trustees of Princeton University High efficiency multi-color electro-phosphorescent oleds
GB2376555B (en) * 2001-06-14 2003-05-28 Charles Eickhoff Three dimensional solid colour display
TWI303533B (en) * 2001-06-15 2008-11-21 Oled T Ltd Electroluminescent devices
DE10132329B4 (de) * 2001-06-29 2005-02-24 Schrader, Karl-Heinz Sigurd, Dr. Lichtemittierende Vorrichtung und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
GB0116644D0 (en) * 2001-07-09 2001-08-29 Elam T Ltd Electroluminescent materials and devices
US6664730B2 (en) 2001-07-09 2003-12-16 Universal Display Corporation Electrode structure of el device
US6984934B2 (en) * 2001-07-10 2006-01-10 The Trustees Of Princeton University Micro-lens arrays for display intensity enhancement
ITRM20010471A1 (it) * 2001-08-02 2003-02-03 Enea Ente Nuove Tec Stabilizzazione della luminescenza da materiali organici con compostidi origine fenolica.
EP1414927A1 (en) * 2001-08-04 2004-05-06 Elam-T Limited Electroluminescent device
US7071615B2 (en) * 2001-08-20 2006-07-04 Universal Display Corporation Transparent electrodes
US6569697B2 (en) * 2001-08-20 2003-05-27 Universal Display Corporation Method of fabricating electrodes
US6888307B2 (en) * 2001-08-21 2005-05-03 Universal Display Corporation Patterned oxygen and moisture absorber for organic optoelectronic device structures
ATE546844T1 (de) 2001-08-29 2012-03-15 Univ Princeton Organische lichtemittierende einrichtungen mit trägerblockierschichten mit metallkomplexen
KR100937900B1 (ko) 2001-08-29 2010-01-21 유니버시티 오브 서던 캘리포니아 금속착물을 포함하는 캐리어수송층을 구비한 유기발광장치
US7404862B2 (en) * 2001-09-04 2008-07-29 The Trustees Of Princeton University Device and method for organic vapor jet deposition
EP2275587B1 (en) 2001-09-04 2020-03-18 The Trustees of Princeton University Process for organic vapor jet deposition
US7431968B1 (en) * 2001-09-04 2008-10-07 The Trustees Of Princeton University Process and apparatus for organic vapor jet deposition
US6716656B2 (en) 2001-09-04 2004-04-06 The Trustees Of Princeton University Self-aligned hybrid deposition
US7744957B2 (en) * 2003-10-23 2010-06-29 The Trustees Of Princeton University Method and apparatus for depositing material
US8535759B2 (en) * 2001-09-04 2013-09-17 The Trustees Of Princeton University Method and apparatus for depositing material using a dynamic pressure
US20030054197A1 (en) * 2001-09-20 2003-03-20 Raymond Kwong Annealing modified interface in organic light emitting devices
US7071613B2 (en) * 2001-10-10 2006-07-04 Lg.Philips Lcd Co., Ltd. Organic electroluminescent device
US6835469B2 (en) 2001-10-17 2004-12-28 The University Of Southern California Phosphorescent compounds and devices comprising the same
US20050156839A1 (en) * 2001-11-02 2005-07-21 Webb Homer L. Field sequential display device and methods of fabricating same
US6888305B2 (en) * 2001-11-06 2005-05-03 Universal Display Corporation Encapsulation structure that acts as a multilayer mirror
DE60230314D1 (de) * 2001-11-13 2009-01-22 Ibm System und verfahren zum auswählen eines elektronischen dokuments aus einem physikalischen dokument und zum anzeigen dieses elektronischen dokuments über dieses physikalische dokument
US6597111B2 (en) 2001-11-27 2003-07-22 Universal Display Corporation Protected organic optoelectronic devices
US6734457B2 (en) 2001-11-27 2004-05-11 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Light emitting device
AU2002352967A1 (en) * 2001-11-29 2003-06-10 The Trustees Of Princeton University Increased emission efficiency in organic light-emitting devices on high-index substrates
SG176316A1 (en) 2001-12-05 2011-12-29 Semiconductor Energy Lab Organic semiconductor element
US7050835B2 (en) 2001-12-12 2006-05-23 Universal Display Corporation Intelligent multi-media display communication system
US6765351B2 (en) * 2001-12-20 2004-07-20 The Trustees Of Princeton University Organic optoelectronic device structures
US20030117378A1 (en) * 2001-12-21 2003-06-26 International Business Machines Corporation Device and system for retrieving and displaying handwritten annotations
US6555284B1 (en) * 2001-12-27 2003-04-29 Eastman Kodak Company In situ vacuum method for making OLED devices
US6869695B2 (en) 2001-12-28 2005-03-22 The Trustees Of Princeton University White light emitting OLEDs from combined monomer and aggregate emission
US6863997B2 (en) * 2001-12-28 2005-03-08 The Trustees Of Princeton University White light emitting OLEDs from combined monomer and aggregate emission
US7012363B2 (en) * 2002-01-10 2006-03-14 Universal Display Corporation OLEDs having increased external electroluminescence quantum efficiencies
US20030153240A1 (en) * 2002-02-14 2003-08-14 Dejule Aaron M. Hanging mobile device with electronic display
US6872472B2 (en) * 2002-02-15 2005-03-29 Eastman Kodak Company Providing an organic electroluminescent device having stacked electroluminescent units
US6876143B2 (en) * 2002-11-19 2005-04-05 John James Daniels Organic light active devices and methods for fabricating the same
DE10215210B4 (de) * 2002-03-28 2006-07-13 Novaled Gmbh Transparentes, thermisch stabiles lichtemittierendes Bauelement mit organischen Schichten
US20100026176A1 (en) 2002-03-28 2010-02-04 Jan Blochwitz-Nomith Transparent, Thermally Stable Light-Emitting Component Having Organic Layers
US6951694B2 (en) 2002-03-29 2005-10-04 The University Of Southern California Organic light emitting devices with electron blocking layers
US20030189215A1 (en) 2002-04-09 2003-10-09 Jong-Lam Lee Method of fabricating vertical structure leds
US8294172B2 (en) 2002-04-09 2012-10-23 Lg Electronics Inc. Method of fabricating vertical devices using a metal support film
JP2003308968A (ja) * 2002-04-12 2003-10-31 Rohm Co Ltd エレクトロルミネッセンス発光素子及びその製法
US6897474B2 (en) * 2002-04-12 2005-05-24 Universal Display Corporation Protected organic electronic devices and methods for making the same
US6835950B2 (en) 2002-04-12 2004-12-28 Universal Display Corporation Organic electronic devices with pressure sensitive adhesive layer
AU2003221969A1 (en) * 2002-04-19 2003-11-03 3M Innovative Properties Company Materials for organic electronic devices
JP4544811B2 (ja) * 2002-05-09 2010-09-15 大日本印刷株式会社 エレクトロルミネッセント素子の製造方法
TW589915B (en) * 2002-05-24 2004-06-01 Sanyo Electric Co Electroluminescence display device
DE10224021B4 (de) * 2002-05-24 2006-06-01 Novaled Gmbh Phosphoreszentes lichtemittierendes Bauelement mit organischen Schichten
US7416791B1 (en) 2002-06-11 2008-08-26 University Of Washington Osmium complexes and related organic light-emitting devices
US6811815B2 (en) 2002-06-14 2004-11-02 Avery Dennison Corporation Method for roll-to-roll deposition of optically transparent and high conductivity metallic thin films
US6841802B2 (en) 2002-06-26 2005-01-11 Oriol, Inc. Thin film light emitting diode
US20040004433A1 (en) * 2002-06-26 2004-01-08 3M Innovative Properties Company Buffer layers for organic electroluminescent devices and methods of manufacture and use
DE10231140A1 (de) * 2002-07-10 2004-01-29 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Optoelektronisches Bauelement mit elektrisch leitfähigem organischem Material sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung des Bauelementes
US6642092B1 (en) * 2002-07-11 2003-11-04 Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. Thin-film transistors formed on a metal foil substrate
TWI338528B (zh) * 2002-07-19 2011-03-01 Au Optronics Corp
US6693296B1 (en) * 2002-08-07 2004-02-17 Eastman Kodak Company OLED apparatus including a series of OLED devices
US6689628B1 (en) * 2002-08-15 2004-02-10 Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. Method for dense pixel fabrication
US7663300B2 (en) 2002-08-16 2010-02-16 Universal Display Corporation Organic light emitting devices for illumination
US6916554B2 (en) * 2002-11-06 2005-07-12 The University Of Southern California Organic light emitting materials and devices
US7061175B2 (en) * 2002-08-16 2006-06-13 Universal Display Corporation Efficiency transparent cathode
KR101028435B1 (ko) 2002-08-16 2011-04-14 유니버시티 오브 써던 캘리포니아 음이온성 리간드를 갖는 유기 발광 재료
EP1534799A4 (en) * 2002-08-16 2008-02-27 Univ Southern California ELECTROLUMINESCENT ORGANIC MATERIALS AND DEVICES
AU2003261758A1 (en) * 2002-08-27 2004-03-19 Fujitsu Limited Organometallic complexes, organic el devices, and organic el displays
US20040191567A1 (en) * 2002-09-03 2004-09-30 Caballero Gabriel Joseph Light emitting molecules and organic light emitting devices including light emitting molecules
WO2004034015A2 (en) * 2002-09-03 2004-04-22 Coled Technologies, Inc. Light emitting molecules and organic light emitting devices including light emitting molecules
KR100804519B1 (ko) * 2002-10-10 2008-02-20 인터내셔널 비지네스 머신즈 코포레이션 물리적 문서들에서 저작권 보호된 정보를 선택,주문 및 액세스하기 위한 장치 및 방법
US6911961B2 (en) * 2002-10-11 2005-06-28 Eastman Kodak Company Method of designing an OLED display with lifetime optimized primaries
US6853660B2 (en) * 2002-10-16 2005-02-08 Eastman Kodak Company Organic laser cavity arrays
US7049636B2 (en) * 2002-10-28 2006-05-23 Universal Display Corporation Device including OLED controlled by n-type transistor
US20040086743A1 (en) * 2002-11-06 2004-05-06 Brown Cory S. Organometallic compounds for use in electroluminescent devices
US6858327B2 (en) 2002-11-08 2005-02-22 Universal Display Corporation Organic light emitting materials and devices
US6687266B1 (en) * 2002-11-08 2004-02-03 Universal Display Corporation Organic light emitting materials and devices
US6717176B1 (en) * 2002-11-12 2004-04-06 Opto Tech Corporation White light emitting organic electro-luminescent device and method for fabricating the same
US20040096570A1 (en) * 2002-11-15 2004-05-20 Michael Weaver Structure and method of fabricating organic devices
US6891326B2 (en) * 2002-11-15 2005-05-10 Universal Display Corporation Structure and method of fabricating organic devices
US6982179B2 (en) * 2002-11-15 2006-01-03 University Display Corporation Structure and method of fabricating organic devices
JP4072422B2 (ja) 2002-11-22 2008-04-09 三星エスディアイ株式会社 蒸着用マスク構造体とその製造方法、及びこれを用いた有機ｅｌ素子の製造方法
US6947459B2 (en) * 2002-11-25 2005-09-20 Eastman Kodak Company Organic vertical cavity laser and imaging system
US7368659B2 (en) * 2002-11-26 2008-05-06 General Electric Company Electrodes mitigating effects of defects in organic electronic devices
JP4173722B2 (ja) * 2002-11-29 2008-10-29 三星エスディアイ株式会社 蒸着マスク、これを利用した有機ｅｌ素子の製造方法及び有機ｅｌ素子
US7086918B2 (en) * 2002-12-11 2006-08-08 Applied Materials, Inc. Low temperature process for passivation applications
US7492092B2 (en) * 2002-12-17 2009-02-17 Seiko Epson Corporation Self-emitting element, display panel, display apparatus, and method of manufacturing self-emitting element
US6975067B2 (en) * 2002-12-19 2005-12-13 3M Innovative Properties Company Organic electroluminescent device and encapsulation method
US7338820B2 (en) * 2002-12-19 2008-03-04 3M Innovative Properties Company Laser patterning of encapsulated organic light emitting diodes
US7964439B2 (en) 2002-12-20 2011-06-21 The Trustees Of Princeton University Methods of fabricating devices by transfer of organic material
DE10261609B4 (de) * 2002-12-20 2007-05-03 Novaled Ag Lichtemittierende Anordnung
US8222072B2 (en) 2002-12-20 2012-07-17 The Trustees Of Princeton University Methods of fabricating devices by low pressure cold welding
US7063900B2 (en) 2002-12-23 2006-06-20 General Electric Company White light-emitting organic electroluminescent devices
JP2004226795A (ja) * 2003-01-24 2004-08-12 Pioneer Electronic Corp 立体画像表示装置
US6900458B2 (en) * 2003-02-21 2005-05-31 Universal Display Corporation Transflective display having an OLED backlight
US6995445B2 (en) * 2003-03-14 2006-02-07 The Trustees Of Princeton University Thin film organic position sensitive detectors
EP2062908B1 (en) 2003-03-24 2016-07-13 University of Southern California Transition metal complexes comprising pyrazolylcarbazole ligands
US6727660B1 (en) 2003-03-27 2004-04-27 General Electric Company Organic electroluminescent devices and method for improving energy efficiency and optical stability thereof
US7465678B2 (en) * 2003-03-28 2008-12-16 The Trustees Of Princeton University Deformable organic devices
US20050227389A1 (en) * 2004-04-13 2005-10-13 Rabin Bhattacharya Deformable organic devices
US7090928B2 (en) * 2003-04-01 2006-08-15 The University Of Southern California Binuclear compounds
US20040199052A1 (en) 2003-04-01 2004-10-07 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Endoscopic imaging system
US6902833B2 (en) * 2003-04-01 2005-06-07 University Of Southern California Materials and structures for enhancing the performance or organic light emitting devices
US7018713B2 (en) * 2003-04-02 2006-03-28 3M Innovative Properties Company Flexible high-temperature ultrabarrier
WO2004091261A1 (en) * 2003-04-08 2004-10-21 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Two sided light emitting device
US7192657B2 (en) * 2003-04-15 2007-03-20 3M Innovative Properties Company Ethynyl containing electron transport dyes and compositions
US6831302B2 (en) * 2003-04-15 2004-12-14 Luminus Devices, Inc. Light emitting devices with improved extraction efficiency
US7271406B2 (en) * 2003-04-15 2007-09-18 3M Innovative Properties Company Electron transport agents for organic electronic devices
US20040209115A1 (en) * 2003-04-21 2004-10-21 Thompson Mark E. Organic light emitting devices with wide gap host materials
US20040209116A1 (en) * 2003-04-21 2004-10-21 Xiaofan Ren Organic light emitting devices with wide gap host materials
US7029765B2 (en) * 2003-04-22 2006-04-18 Universal Display Corporation Organic light emitting devices having reduced pixel shrinkage
JP3902566B2 (ja) * 2003-04-24 2007-04-11 富士電機ホールディングス株式会社 有機ｅｌ発光素子
US6853134B2 (en) * 2003-05-20 2005-02-08 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Anode structure for organic light emitting device
US7535017B2 (en) * 2003-05-30 2009-05-19 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Flexible multilayer packaging material and electronic devices with the packaging material
US20040259070A1 (en) * 2003-06-20 2004-12-23 Goodstein Shelley R. Child/infant play and entertainment devices including electronic displays
US7553355B2 (en) * 2003-06-23 2009-06-30 Matheson Tri-Gas Methods and materials for the reduction and control of moisture and oxygen in OLED devices
US7310779B2 (en) * 2003-06-26 2007-12-18 International Business Machines Corporation Method for creating and selecting active regions on physical documents
US7053412B2 (en) 2003-06-27 2006-05-30 The Trustees Of Princeton University And Universal Display Corporation Grey scale bistable display
US6885025B2 (en) * 2003-07-10 2005-04-26 Universal Display Corporation Organic light emitting device structures for obtaining chromaticity stability
US7211823B2 (en) * 2003-07-10 2007-05-01 Universal Display Corporation Organic light emitting device structure for obtaining chromaticity stability
US7002292B2 (en) 2003-07-22 2006-02-21 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Organic electronic device
US6953705B2 (en) 2003-07-22 2005-10-11 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Process for removing an organic layer during fabrication of an organic electronic device
US7198859B2 (en) * 2003-07-25 2007-04-03 Universal Display Corporation Materials and structures for enhancing the performance of organic light emitting devices
US20050025993A1 (en) * 2003-07-25 2005-02-03 Thompson Mark E. Materials and structures for enhancing the performance of organic light emitting devices
US7018723B2 (en) * 2003-07-25 2006-03-28 The University Of Southern California Materials and structures for enhancing the performance of organic light emitting devices
US20050023974A1 (en) * 2003-08-01 2005-02-03 Universal Display Corporation Protected organic electronic devices and methods for making the same
WO2005015640A1 (en) * 2003-08-12 2005-02-17 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh Circuit arrangement for ac driving of organic diodes
US7275972B2 (en) * 2003-08-22 2007-10-02 3M Innovative Properties Company Method of making an electroluminescent device having a patterned emitter layer and non-patterned emitter layer
JP4123106B2 (ja) * 2003-08-22 2008-07-23 ソニー株式会社 有機ｅｌ素子
US6998648B2 (en) * 2003-08-25 2006-02-14 Universal Display Corporation Protected organic electronic device structures incorporating pressure sensitive adhesive and desiccant
DE10342408B4 (de) * 2003-09-10 2008-09-11 Samsung SDI Co., Ltd., Suwon Duales Photolumineszenzanzeigeelement, Display und Verfahren
JP4823478B2 (ja) * 2003-09-19 2011-11-24 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 発光装置の作製方法
US7179543B2 (en) * 2003-10-06 2007-02-20 The Trustees Of Princeton University Doping of organic opto-electronic devices to extend reliability
US8884845B2 (en) * 2003-10-28 2014-11-11 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Display device and telecommunication system
JP4243237B2 (ja) * 2003-11-10 2009-03-25 淳二 城戸 有機素子、有機ｅｌ素子、有機太陽電池、及び、有機ｆｅｔ構造、並びに、有機素子の製造方法
US7061011B2 (en) * 2003-11-26 2006-06-13 The Trustees Of Princeton University Bipolar organic devices
WO2005055331A1 (en) * 2003-12-02 2005-06-16 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Pixel arrangement for an emissive device
KR100987451B1 (ko) * 2003-12-04 2010-10-13 엘지전자 주식회사 면발광 소자
US7070867B2 (en) * 2003-12-05 2006-07-04 The University Of Southern California OLEDs having n-type doping
US20050137459A1 (en) 2003-12-17 2005-06-23 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Medical device with OLED illumination light source
JP2005190768A (ja) * 2003-12-25 2005-07-14 Toyota Industries Corp 照明装置
WO2005064995A1 (en) * 2003-12-26 2005-07-14 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Light-emitting element
US7279232B2 (en) * 2004-01-26 2007-10-09 Universal Display Corporation Electroluminescent stability
US20050164031A1 (en) * 2004-01-26 2005-07-28 Thompson Mark E. Dual emitting dyads of heavy metal complexes as broad band emitters for organic LEDs
US7151339B2 (en) * 2004-01-30 2006-12-19 Universal Display Corporation OLED efficiency by utilization of different doping concentrations within the device emissive layer
US7332232B2 (en) * 2004-02-03 2008-02-19 Universal Display Corporation OLEDs utilizing multidentate ligand systems
US7030554B2 (en) * 2004-02-06 2006-04-18 Eastman Kodak Company Full-color organic display having improved blue emission
WO2005086257A1 (en) * 2004-02-09 2005-09-15 Toyota Industries Corp. Transflective display having full color oled blacklight
US20050179046A1 (en) * 2004-02-13 2005-08-18 Kopin Corporation P-type electrodes in gallium nitride-based light-emitting devices
US20050189164A1 (en) * 2004-02-26 2005-09-01 Chang Chi L. Speaker enclosure having outer flared tube
US7045952B2 (en) * 2004-03-04 2006-05-16 Universal Display Corporation OLEDs with mixed host emissive layer
US7393598B2 (en) * 2004-03-10 2008-07-01 Hcf Partners, L.P. Light emitting molecules and organic light emitting devices including light emitting molecules
EP1729544B1 (en) * 2004-03-25 2012-09-19 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Organic electroluminescent device
JP2005294058A (ja) * 2004-03-31 2005-10-20 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd 補償回路を有する有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子
US7419846B2 (en) * 2004-04-13 2008-09-02 The Trustees Of Princeton University Method of fabricating an optoelectronic device having a bulk heterojunction
US7393599B2 (en) 2004-05-18 2008-07-01 The University Of Southern California Luminescent compounds with carbene ligands
US7445855B2 (en) * 2004-05-18 2008-11-04 The University Of Southern California Cationic metal-carbene complexes
US7279704B2 (en) 2004-05-18 2007-10-09 The University Of Southern California Complexes with tridentate ligands
US7534505B2 (en) * 2004-05-18 2009-05-19 The University Of Southern California Organometallic compounds for use in electroluminescent devices
US7491823B2 (en) * 2004-05-18 2009-02-17 The University Of Southern California Luminescent compounds with carbene ligands
US7582365B2 (en) * 2005-01-10 2009-09-01 Universal Display Corporation Reversibly reducible metal complexes as electron transporting materials for OLEDs
US7655323B2 (en) * 2004-05-18 2010-02-02 The University Of Southern California OLEDs utilizing macrocyclic ligand systems
US7154114B2 (en) * 2004-05-18 2006-12-26 Universal Display Corporation Cyclometallated iridium carbene complexes for use as hosts
US7598388B2 (en) * 2004-05-18 2009-10-06 The University Of Southern California Carbene containing metal complexes as OLEDs
US7601436B2 (en) 2004-05-18 2009-10-13 The University Of Southern California Carbene metal complexes as OLED materials
US7629695B2 (en) * 2004-05-20 2009-12-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Stacked electronic component and manufacturing method thereof
DE102004025578B4 (de) * 2004-05-25 2009-04-23 Applied Materials Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Herstellen von organischen, Licht emittierenden Flächenelementen und Verwendung dieses Verfahrens
US7196835B2 (en) * 2004-06-01 2007-03-27 The Trustees Of Princeton University Aperiodic dielectric multilayer stack
US20050269943A1 (en) * 2004-06-04 2005-12-08 Michael Hack Protected organic electronic devices and methods for making the same
JP4631316B2 (ja) * 2004-06-07 2011-02-16 パナソニック株式会社 エレクトロルミネセンス素子
US20060008670A1 (en) * 2004-07-06 2006-01-12 Chun Lin Organic light emitting materials and devices
US20060008671A1 (en) * 2004-07-07 2006-01-12 Raymond Kwong Electroluminescent efficiency
US7709100B2 (en) * 2004-07-07 2010-05-04 Universal Display Corporation Electroluminescent efficiency
EP3855519A3 (en) 2004-07-07 2021-09-22 Universal Display Corporation Stable and efficient electroluminescent materials
KR100659057B1 (ko) 2004-07-15 2006-12-21 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 박막 증착용 마스크 프레임 조립체 및 유기 전계 발광표시장치
US7194173B2 (en) * 2004-07-16 2007-03-20 The Trustees Of Princeton University Organic devices having a fiber structure
US7449831B2 (en) * 2004-08-02 2008-11-11 Lg Display Co., Ltd. OLEDs having inorganic material containing anode capping layer
US7449830B2 (en) 2004-08-02 2008-11-11 Lg Display Co., Ltd. OLEDs having improved luminance stability
US7196366B2 (en) * 2004-08-05 2007-03-27 The Trustees Of Princeton University Stacked organic photosensitive devices
US7540978B2 (en) * 2004-08-05 2009-06-02 Novaled Ag Use of an organic matrix material for producing an organic semiconductor material, organic semiconductor material and electronic component
US8241467B2 (en) * 2004-08-10 2012-08-14 Global Oled Technology Llc Making a cathode structure for OLEDs
DE112005002603A5 (de) 2004-08-13 2007-08-09 Novaled Gmbh Schichtanordnung für ein Lichtemittierendes Bauelement
DE102004040005A1 (de) * 2004-08-18 2006-02-23 Basf Ag In Polymermatrices eingebettete Übergangsmetallcarbenkomplexe zur Verwendung in OLEDs
JP4510735B2 (ja) * 2004-09-22 2010-07-28 統寶光電股▲ふん▼有限公司 設計手法、パネル及びその電子素子
US8008652B2 (en) * 2004-09-24 2011-08-30 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Light emitting device
DE602004006275T2 (de) * 2004-10-07 2007-12-20 Novaled Ag Verfahren zur Dotierung von einem Halbleitermaterial mit Cäsium
US20060088728A1 (en) * 2004-10-22 2006-04-27 Raymond Kwong Arylcarbazoles as hosts in PHOLEDs
US20060086020A1 (en) * 2004-10-27 2006-04-27 Eastman Kodak Company Multi-mode flat-panel light-emitting sign
CN100573963C (zh) * 2004-11-05 2009-12-23 株式会社半导体能源研究所 发光元件和使用它的发光器件
DE102004054893A1 (de) * 2004-11-12 2006-05-24 Micronas Gmbh Verfahren und Schaltungsanordnung zur Kanalfilterung analog oder digital modulierter TV-Signale
TW200634801A (en) * 2004-11-17 2006-10-01 Hitachi Maxell Optical information-recording medium
US8986780B2 (en) 2004-11-19 2015-03-24 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Method and apparatus for depositing LED organic film
US8128753B2 (en) 2004-11-19 2012-03-06 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Method and apparatus for depositing LED organic film
US7776456B2 (en) * 2004-12-03 2010-08-17 Universal Display Corporation Organic light emitting devices with an emissive region having emissive and non-emissive layers and method of making
US7515149B2 (en) * 2004-12-17 2009-04-07 Eastman Kodak Company Display with wirelessly controlled illumination
US7538756B2 (en) * 2004-12-17 2009-05-26 Eastman Kodak Company Methods for making display
US20060131505A1 (en) * 2004-12-17 2006-06-22 Eastman Kodak Company Imaging element
US20060136734A1 (en) * 2004-12-21 2006-06-22 Eastman Kodak Company Identification display device
US20060136997A1 (en) * 2004-12-21 2006-06-22 Eastman Kodak Company Authentication system and method
US20060131393A1 (en) * 2004-12-22 2006-06-22 Eastman Kodak Company Multi-role transaction card
KR20070097085A (ko) 2004-12-30 2007-10-02 이 아이 듀폰 디 네모아 앤드 캄파니 조사를 사용하는 장치 패턴화
JP4939809B2 (ja) 2005-01-21 2012-05-30 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 発光装置
US7630029B2 (en) * 2005-02-16 2009-12-08 Industrial Technology Research Institute Conductive absorption layer for flexible displays
KR100721571B1 (ko) 2005-03-07 2007-05-23 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 유기 전계 발광 소자 및 그의 제조방법
US9153163B2 (en) 2005-03-11 2015-10-06 The Invention Science Fund I, Llc Self assembly of elements for displays
US7990349B2 (en) 2005-04-22 2011-08-02 The Invention Science Fund I, Llc Superimposed displays
EP1701395B1 (de) 2005-03-11 2012-09-12 Novaled AG Transparentes lichtemittierendes Bauelement
DE502005002342D1 (de) * 2005-03-15 2008-02-07 Novaled Ag Lichtemittierendes Bauelement
US7683536B2 (en) * 2005-03-31 2010-03-23 The Trustees Of Princeton University OLEDs utilizing direct injection to the triplet state
US20060251921A1 (en) * 2005-05-06 2006-11-09 Stephen Forrest OLEDs utilizing direct injection to the triplet state
JP4965553B2 (ja) * 2005-04-01 2012-07-04 ドルビー ラボラトリーズ ライセンシング コーポレイション ３次元色合成ディスプレイおよび方法
US20060222886A1 (en) * 2005-04-04 2006-10-05 Raymond Kwong Arylpyrene compounds
EP1713136B1 (de) 2005-04-13 2007-12-12 Novaled AG Anordnung für eine organische Leuchtdiode vom pin-Typ und Verfahren zum Herstellen
US9070884B2 (en) 2005-04-13 2015-06-30 Universal Display Corporation Hybrid OLED having phosphorescent and fluorescent emitters
US7807275B2 (en) 2005-04-21 2010-10-05 Universal Display Corporation Non-blocked phosphorescent OLEDs
US7777407B2 (en) * 2005-05-04 2010-08-17 Lg Display Co., Ltd. Organic light emitting devices comprising a doped triazine electron transport layer
US8487527B2 (en) * 2005-05-04 2013-07-16 Lg Display Co., Ltd. Organic light emitting devices
US8586204B2 (en) 2007-12-28 2013-11-19 Universal Display Corporation Phosphorescent emitters and host materials with improved stability
US8007927B2 (en) * 2007-12-28 2011-08-30 Universal Display Corporation Dibenzothiophene-containing materials in phosphorescent light emitting diodes
US9051344B2 (en) * 2005-05-06 2015-06-09 Universal Display Corporation Stability OLED materials and devices
US7902374B2 (en) * 2005-05-06 2011-03-08 Universal Display Corporation Stability OLED materials and devices
JP4636501B2 (ja) * 2005-05-12 2011-02-23 株式会社沖データ 半導体装置、プリントヘッド及び画像形成装置
US20060265278A1 (en) * 2005-05-18 2006-11-23 Napster Llc System and method for censoring randomly generated character strings
US7851072B2 (en) * 2005-05-19 2010-12-14 Universal Display Corporation Stable and efficient electroluminescent materials
US7943244B2 (en) * 2005-05-20 2011-05-17 Lg Display Co., Ltd. Display device with metal-organic mixed layer anodes
US7795806B2 (en) 2005-05-20 2010-09-14 Lg Display Co., Ltd. Reduced reflectance display devices containing a thin-layer metal-organic mixed layer (MOML)
US7811679B2 (en) * 2005-05-20 2010-10-12 Lg Display Co., Ltd. Display devices with light absorbing metal nanoparticle layers
US7750561B2 (en) * 2005-05-20 2010-07-06 Lg Display Co., Ltd. Stacked OLED structure
GB0510282D0 (en) * 2005-05-20 2005-06-29 Cambridge Display Tech Ltd Top-electroluminescent devices comprising cathode bus bars
US7728517B2 (en) * 2005-05-20 2010-06-01 Lg Display Co., Ltd. Intermediate electrodes for stacked OLEDs
EP1727221B1 (de) * 2005-05-27 2010-04-14 Novaled AG Transparente organische Leuchtdiode
JP5095612B2 (ja) 2005-05-31 2012-12-12 ユニバーサル ディスプレイ コーポレイション 燐光発光ダイオードにおけるトリフェニレンホスト
US7474048B2 (en) * 2005-06-01 2009-01-06 The Trustees Of Princeton University Fluorescent filtered electrophosphorescence
EP1729346A1 (de) * 2005-06-01 2006-12-06 Novaled AG Lichtemittierendes Bauteil mit einer Elektrodenanordnung
EP1739765A1 (de) * 2005-07-01 2007-01-03 Novaled AG Organische Leuchtdiode und Anordnung mit mehreren organischen Leuchtdioden
US20070001927A1 (en) * 2005-07-01 2007-01-04 Eastman Kodak Company Tiled display for electronic signage
US20070018189A1 (en) * 2005-07-22 2007-01-25 Unity Opto Technology Co., Ltd. Light emitting diode
KR100721907B1 (ko) * 2005-07-25 2007-05-28 삼성전자주식회사 디스플레이장치
DE102005037289A1 (de) * 2005-08-08 2007-02-22 Siemens Ag Fotodetektor, Röntgenstrahlenflachbilddetektor und Verfahren zur Herstellung dergleichen
TWI279165B (en) * 2005-08-09 2007-04-11 Au Optronics Corp White organic light emitting diode
CN100444425C (zh) * 2005-08-26 2008-12-17 中华映管股份有限公司 堆叠式有机电致发光元件及其制造方法
TWI326379B (en) * 2005-09-20 2010-06-21 Au Optronics Corp A double-sided liquid crystal display
EP1935038B1 (en) * 2005-09-30 2017-07-26 Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd Light emitting device having vertically stacked light emitting diodes
US8148891B2 (en) * 2005-10-04 2012-04-03 Universal Display Corporation Electron impeding layer for high efficiency phosphorescent OLEDs
US20070085837A1 (en) * 2005-10-17 2007-04-19 Eastman Kodak Company Touch input device with display front
US20070085838A1 (en) * 2005-10-17 2007-04-19 Ricks Theodore K Method for making a display with integrated touchscreen
US7731409B2 (en) * 2005-10-31 2010-06-08 Avago Technologies Ecbu Ip (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. Illumination device and method for producing a spatial pattern of light at different wavelengths
US20070103066A1 (en) * 2005-11-04 2007-05-10 D Andrade Brian W Stacked OLEDs with a reflective conductive layer
US8021763B2 (en) * 2005-11-23 2011-09-20 The Trustees Of Princeton University Phosphorescent OLED with interlayer
US7709105B2 (en) 2005-12-14 2010-05-04 Global Oled Technology Llc Electroluminescent host material
DE502005004675D1 (de) * 2005-12-21 2008-08-21 Novaled Ag Organisches Bauelement
DE602006001930D1 (de) * 2005-12-23 2008-09-04 Novaled Ag tur von organischen Schichten
EP1804308B1 (en) * 2005-12-23 2012-04-04 Novaled AG An organic light emitting device with a plurality of organic electroluminescent units stacked upon each other
EP1808909A1 (de) 2006-01-11 2007-07-18 Novaled AG Elekrolumineszente Lichtemissionseinrichtung
US8152718B2 (en) * 2006-02-07 2012-04-10 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Medical device light source
US8142909B2 (en) * 2006-02-10 2012-03-27 Universal Display Corporation Blue phosphorescent imidazophenanthridine materials
KR101634509B1 (ko) 2006-02-10 2016-06-28 유니버셜 디스플레이 코포레이션 시클로금속화 이미다조[1,2-ｆ]페난트리딘 및 디이미다조[1,2-ａ:1'',2''-ｃ]퀴나졸린 리간드, 및 이의 등전자성 및 벤즈고리화된 유사체의 금속 착체
WO2007097149A1 (ja) * 2006-02-20 2007-08-30 Konica Minolta Holdings, Inc. 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、白色発光素子、表示装置、及び照明装置
US20070234611A1 (en) * 2006-03-15 2007-10-11 Steven Ochs Multi-laminate three-dimensional video display and methods therefore
JP4977391B2 (ja) * 2006-03-27 2012-07-18 日本電気株式会社 レーザ切断方法、表示装置の製造方法、および表示装置
JP5189077B2 (ja) 2006-04-13 2013-04-24 ユニバーシティ オブ サザン カリフォルニア フタルイミド化合物を用いた有機電子デバイス
EP1848049B1 (de) * 2006-04-19 2009-12-09 Novaled AG Lichtemittierendes Bauelement
US8330351B2 (en) * 2006-04-20 2012-12-11 Universal Display Corporation Multiple dopant emissive layer OLEDs
US20070247061A1 (en) * 2006-04-20 2007-10-25 Vadim Adamovich Multiple dopant emissive layer OLEDs
KR20090013826A (ko) * 2006-05-15 2009-02-05 닛토덴코 가부시키가이샤 발광 소자 및 조성물
US7579773B2 (en) * 2006-06-05 2009-08-25 The Trustees Of Princeton University Organic light-emitting device with a phosphor-sensitized fluorescent emission layer
TWI317182B (en) * 2006-07-07 2009-11-11 Au Optronics Corp Tandem organic electroluminescent elements and uses of the same
RU2310676C1 (ru) * 2006-07-10 2007-11-20 Некоммерческая организация Учреждение Институт проблем химической физики Российской академии наук (статус государственного учреждения) (ИПХФ РАН) Электролюминесцентный материал, содержащий органическое люминесцентное вещество
DE202007018948U1 (de) 2006-07-18 2009-12-31 University Of Southern California, Los Angeles Elektroden mit Nanoröhrchen für organische optoelektronische Einrichtung
US7670450B2 (en) * 2006-07-31 2010-03-02 3M Innovative Properties Company Patterning and treatment methods for organic light emitting diode devices
JP2006344606A (ja) * 2006-07-31 2006-12-21 Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd 有機ｅｌ発光素子およびそれを用いた発光装置
JP2008059791A (ja) * 2006-08-29 2008-03-13 Canon Inc 有機ｅｌ素子アレイ
US7724796B2 (en) * 2006-08-29 2010-05-25 The Trustees Of Princeton University Organic laser
US7710017B2 (en) * 2006-09-08 2010-05-04 Universal Display Corporation Organic light emitting device having a transparent microcavity
US7598381B2 (en) * 2006-09-11 2009-10-06 The Trustees Of Princeton University Near-infrared emitting organic compounds and organic devices using the same
JP4739155B2 (ja) * 2006-09-12 2011-08-03 富士フイルム株式会社 表示媒体
US7800295B2 (en) * 2006-09-15 2010-09-21 Universal Display Corporation Organic light emitting device having a microcavity
US9018619B2 (en) * 2006-10-09 2015-04-28 Cree, Inc. Quantum wells for light conversion
US7826693B2 (en) * 2006-10-26 2010-11-02 The Trustees Of Princeton University Monolithically integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer
US8945722B2 (en) * 2006-10-27 2015-02-03 The University Of Southern California Materials and architectures for efficient harvesting of singlet and triplet excitons for white light emitting OLEDs
US8519130B2 (en) * 2006-12-08 2013-08-27 Universal Display Corporation Method for synthesis of iriduim (III) complexes with sterically demanding ligands
DE102006059509B4 (de) * 2006-12-14 2012-05-03 Novaled Ag Organisches Leuchtbauelement
US7879401B2 (en) * 2006-12-22 2011-02-01 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Organic vapor jet deposition using an exhaust
JP5262104B2 (ja) * 2006-12-27 2013-08-14 住友化学株式会社 金属錯体、高分子化合物及びこれらを含む素子
CN104835914B (zh) * 2006-12-28 2018-02-09 通用显示公司 长寿命磷光有机发光器件(oled)结构
GB0625865D0 (en) * 2006-12-29 2007-02-07 Oled T Ltd Electro-optical or opto-electronic device
KR101359632B1 (ko) 2007-01-19 2014-02-19 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 백색 유기 발광 소자
CN101595341B (zh) * 2007-01-24 2013-05-29 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 包括至少一个灯和至少一个oled的照明设备
US7728512B2 (en) * 2007-03-02 2010-06-01 Universal Display Corporation Organic light emitting device having an external microcavity
JP5638246B2 (ja) 2007-03-08 2014-12-10 ユニバーサル ディスプレイ コーポレイション リン光材料
US9130177B2 (en) 2011-01-13 2015-09-08 Universal Display Corporation 5-substituted 2 phenylquinoline complexes materials for light emitting diode
US20130032785A1 (en) 2011-08-01 2013-02-07 Universal Display Corporation Materials for organic light emitting diode
DE102007011637A1 (de) * 2007-03-09 2008-09-18 Ivoclar Vivadent Ag Lichtemissionsvorrichtung
RU2470415C2 (ru) 2007-03-30 2012-12-20 Дзе Риджентс Оф Дзе Юниверсити Оф Мичиган Органический светоизлучающий диод с излучающим слоем, содержащим материал с низким коэффициентом преломления для улучшения световывода
JP2008263127A (ja) * 2007-04-13 2008-10-30 Toshiba Corp Ｌｅｄ装置
DE102007019260B4 (de) * 2007-04-17 2020-01-16 Novaled Gmbh Nichtflüchtiges organisches Speicherelement
JP5063778B2 (ja) * 2007-04-27 2012-10-31 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ 陽極酸化したメタライゼーションを伴う発光デバイス
US7993763B2 (en) 2007-05-10 2011-08-09 Universal Display Corporation Organometallic compounds having host and dopant functionalities
KR20100029204A (ko) * 2007-06-14 2010-03-16 메사츄세츠 인스티튜트 어브 테크놀로지 필름 증착 제어 방법 및 장치
US8556389B2 (en) 2011-02-04 2013-10-15 Kateeva, Inc. Low-profile MEMS thermal printhead die having backside electrical connections
US8257793B2 (en) 2007-06-29 2012-09-04 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Roll to roll fabrication of microlens arrays for low cost light outcoupling from OLEDs
US7782191B2 (en) * 2007-07-25 2010-08-24 Tomas Flores Portable alarm apparatus for warning persons
US8149183B2 (en) * 2007-07-31 2012-04-03 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Display
TWI562975B (en) 2007-08-08 2016-12-21 Universal Display Corp Single triphenylene chromophores in phosphorescent light emitting diodes
TWI511964B (zh) 2007-08-08 2015-12-11 Universal Display Corp 苯并稠合噻吩／聯伸三苯混合材料
KR100899423B1 (ko) * 2007-08-16 2009-05-27 삼성모바일디스플레이주식회사 유기전계발광소자 및 그의 제조방법
JP2009048811A (ja) * 2007-08-16 2009-03-05 Sony Corp 転写用基板および有機電界発光素子の製造方法
US8498464B2 (en) * 2007-09-27 2013-07-30 Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc. Intrinsic co-registration for modular multimodality medical imaging systems
KR20090034412A (ko) * 2007-10-04 2009-04-08 삼성전자주식회사 발광 칩 및 이의 제조 방법
US8067100B2 (en) 2007-10-04 2011-11-29 Universal Display Corporation Complexes with tridentate ligands
US8383249B2 (en) * 2007-10-04 2013-02-26 Universal Display Corporation Complexes with tridentate ligands
US8003008B1 (en) 2007-10-08 2011-08-23 Clemson University Color-tailored polymer light emitting diodes including emissive colloidal particles and method of forming same
US20090243468A1 (en) * 2007-10-16 2009-10-01 Thompson Mark E Arylimino-isoindoline complexes for use in organic light emitting diodes
GB2453766A (en) * 2007-10-18 2009-04-22 Novalia Ltd Method of fabricating an electronic device
US8618529B2 (en) * 2007-10-23 2013-12-31 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Device, method and system for lighting
US8476822B2 (en) * 2007-11-09 2013-07-02 Universal Display Corporation Saturated color organic light emitting devices
GB2454867B (en) 2007-11-09 2010-02-03 Cambridge Display Tech Ltd Electroluminescent devices comprising bus bar
US8815411B2 (en) * 2007-11-09 2014-08-26 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Stable blue phosphorescent organic light emitting devices
CN101163358B (zh) * 2007-11-14 2012-01-04 清华大学 一种显示装置
WO2009064661A1 (en) 2007-11-15 2009-05-22 Nitto Denko Corporation Light emitting devices and compositions
WO2009067678A2 (en) * 2007-11-24 2009-05-28 Display Photonics, Inc. Projection system based on self emitting display panel
WO2009073245A1 (en) * 2007-12-06 2009-06-11 Universal Display Corporation Light-emitting organometallic complexes
US20090153034A1 (en) * 2007-12-13 2009-06-18 Universal Display Corporation Carbazole-containing materials in phosphorescent light emittinig diodes
US8221905B2 (en) * 2007-12-28 2012-07-17 Universal Display Corporation Carbazole-containing materials in phosphorescent light emitting diodes
TWI479714B (zh) * 2008-01-29 2015-04-01 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv 具整合式之鄰近感測器的有機發光二極體照明裝置
ES2379147T3 (es) * 2008-01-31 2012-04-23 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Dispositivo emisor de luz
US8040053B2 (en) * 2008-02-09 2011-10-18 Universal Display Corporation Organic light emitting device architecture for reducing the number of organic materials
JP2009259628A (ja) * 2008-04-17 2009-11-05 Fuji Electric Holdings Co Ltd 有機発光素子
KR101115154B1 (ko) * 2008-05-23 2012-02-24 주식회사 엘지화학 유기 발광 소자 및 이의 제조방법
DE102008025160A1 (de) * 2008-05-26 2009-12-03 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Projektor für kleinste Projektionsflächen und Verwendung einer Mehrfarben-LED in einem Projektor
US9048344B2 (en) 2008-06-13 2015-06-02 Kateeva, Inc. Gas enclosure assembly and system
US9604245B2 (en) 2008-06-13 2017-03-28 Kateeva, Inc. Gas enclosure systems and methods utilizing an auxiliary enclosure
US8383202B2 (en) 2008-06-13 2013-02-26 Kateeva, Inc. Method and apparatus for load-locked printing
US10434804B2 (en) 2008-06-13 2019-10-08 Kateeva, Inc. Low particle gas enclosure systems and methods
US8899171B2 (en) 2008-06-13 2014-12-02 Kateeva, Inc. Gas enclosure assembly and system
JP5053956B2 (ja) * 2008-06-20 2012-10-24 キヤノン株式会社 有機ｅｌ表示装置
WO2009154310A1 (en) * 2008-06-20 2009-12-23 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Light-emitting apparatus
JP2011526719A (ja) * 2008-06-30 2011-10-13 キヤノン株式会社 発光装置
EP2321376B1 (en) * 2008-06-30 2013-06-19 Universal Display Corporation Hole transport materials having a sulfur-containing group
US20110114981A1 (en) * 2008-06-30 2011-05-19 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Light emitting display apparatus
JP5591800B2 (ja) 2008-06-30 2014-09-17 ユニバーサル・ディスプレイ・コーポレーション トリフェニレンを含有するホール輸送材料
FR2933536B1 (fr) * 2008-07-03 2013-05-10 Commissariat Energie Atomique Dispositif d'affichage electronique polychrome a ecran electroluminescent
JP5522991B2 (ja) * 2008-07-11 2014-06-18 キヤノン株式会社 有機ｅｌ表示装置
US8372526B2 (en) 2008-07-16 2013-02-12 Universal Display Corporation Intermediate connector for stacked organic light emitting devices
US8385436B2 (en) * 2008-07-16 2013-02-26 Honeywell International Inc. Apparatus and method for modifying transmissions on specified wireless channels to reduce interference with higher-priority transmitters
DE102008036063B4 (de) * 2008-08-04 2017-08-31 Novaled Gmbh Organischer Feldeffekt-Transistor
DE102008036062B4 (de) 2008-08-04 2015-11-12 Novaled Ag Organischer Feldeffekt-Transistor
WO2010027583A1 (en) 2008-09-03 2010-03-11 Universal Display Corporation Phosphorescent materials
EP2329544B1 (en) * 2008-09-04 2017-05-17 Universal Display Corporation White phosphorescent organic light emitting devices
EP2324519A1 (en) * 2008-09-09 2011-05-25 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards GmbH Contacting a device with a conductor
US9034483B2 (en) 2008-09-16 2015-05-19 Universal Display Corporation Phosphorescent materials
DE102008048336A1 (de) * 2008-09-22 2010-03-25 Merck Patent Gmbh Einkernige neutrale Kupfer(I)-Komplexe und deren Verwendung zur Herstellung von optoelektronischen Bauelementen
KR101678235B1 (ko) 2008-09-25 2016-11-21 유니버셜 디스플레이 코포레이션 유기 셀레늄 재료들 및 유기 발광 소자들에서 이들의 사용
US9385167B2 (en) 2008-10-01 2016-07-05 Universal Display Corporation OLED display architecture
US20100225252A1 (en) 2008-10-01 2010-09-09 Universal Display Corporation Novel amoled display architecture
US8827488B2 (en) 2008-10-01 2014-09-09 Universal Display Corporation OLED display architecture
US8053770B2 (en) * 2008-10-14 2011-11-08 Universal Display Corporation Emissive layer patterning for OLED
WO2010062643A1 (en) 2008-10-28 2010-06-03 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Stacked white oled having separate red, green and blue sub-elements
KR101843201B1 (ko) * 2008-11-11 2018-03-28 유니버셜 디스플레이 코포레이션 인광성 에미터
WO2010058780A1 (ja) * 2008-11-18 2010-05-27 トピー工業株式会社 筒状部材の製造方法
EP2374121B1 (en) * 2008-12-05 2019-09-04 Beijing Xiaomi Mobile Software Co., Ltd. Oled with integrated delay structure
US8815415B2 (en) * 2008-12-12 2014-08-26 Universal Display Corporation Blue emitter with high efficiency based on imidazo[1,2-f] phenanthridine iridium complexes
WO2010068330A1 (en) 2008-12-12 2010-06-17 Universal Display Corporation Improved oled stability via doped hole transport layer
US20100188457A1 (en) * 2009-01-05 2010-07-29 Madigan Connor F Method and apparatus for controlling the temperature of an electrically-heated discharge nozzle
US9067947B2 (en) 2009-01-16 2015-06-30 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US8310150B2 (en) * 2009-02-04 2012-11-13 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Light emitting device with high outcoupling
US8709615B2 (en) 2011-07-28 2014-04-29 Universal Display Corporation Heteroleptic iridium complexes as dopants
US11910700B2 (en) 2009-03-23 2024-02-20 Universal Display Corporation Heteroleptic iridium complexes as dopants
US8722205B2 (en) 2009-03-23 2014-05-13 Universal Display Corporation Heteroleptic iridium complex
US8633497B2 (en) * 2009-03-25 2014-01-21 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Concave-hemisphere-patterned organic top-light emitting device
US20100244735A1 (en) * 2009-03-26 2010-09-30 Energy Focus, Inc. Lighting Device Supplying Temporally Appropriate Light
US8569744B2 (en) * 2009-03-30 2013-10-29 Universal Display Corporation OLED display architecture
EP2417215B1 (en) 2009-04-06 2014-05-07 Universal Display Corporation Metal complex comprising novel ligand structures
US7986042B2 (en) 2009-04-14 2011-07-26 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method for fabrication of a semiconductor device and structure
US8405420B2 (en) * 2009-04-14 2013-03-26 Monolithic 3D Inc. System comprising a semiconductor device and structure
US8373439B2 (en) 2009-04-14 2013-02-12 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device
US9577642B2 (en) 2009-04-14 2017-02-21 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method to form a 3D semiconductor device
US8384426B2 (en) 2009-04-14 2013-02-26 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor device and structure
US8427200B2 (en) 2009-04-14 2013-04-23 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device
US8669778B1 (en) 2009-04-14 2014-03-11 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method for design and manufacturing of a 3D semiconductor device
US8754533B2 (en) * 2009-04-14 2014-06-17 Monolithic 3D Inc. Monolithic three-dimensional semiconductor device and structure
US8058137B1 (en) 2009-04-14 2011-11-15 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method for fabrication of a semiconductor device and structure
US9711407B2 (en) * 2009-04-14 2017-07-18 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method of manufacturing a three dimensional integrated circuit by transfer of a mono-crystalline layer
US8378715B2 (en) 2009-04-14 2013-02-19 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method to construct systems
US8258810B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2012-09-04 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device
US20110031997A1 (en) * 2009-04-14 2011-02-10 NuPGA Corporation Method for fabrication of a semiconductor device and structure
US9509313B2 (en) 2009-04-14 2016-11-29 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device
US8362482B2 (en) * 2009-04-14 2013-01-29 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor device and structure
US8362800B2 (en) 2010-10-13 2013-01-29 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device including field repairable logics
US8395191B2 (en) * 2009-10-12 2013-03-12 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor device and structure
TWI687408B (zh) 2009-04-28 2020-03-11 美商環球展覽公司 具有甲基-ｄ３取代之銥錯合物
US8808799B2 (en) * 2009-05-01 2014-08-19 Kateeva, Inc. Method and apparatus for organic vapor printing
TWI541234B (zh) 2009-05-12 2016-07-11 環球展覽公司 用於有機發光二極體之２－氮雜聯伸三苯材料
US8586203B2 (en) 2009-05-20 2013-11-19 Universal Display Corporation Metal complexes with boron-nitrogen heterocycle containing ligands
KR101273697B1 (ko) * 2009-06-18 2013-06-12 샤프 가부시키가이샤 유기 ｅｌ 소자 및 그 제조방법
US9270086B2 (en) 2009-07-29 2016-02-23 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Organic laser
WO2011015265A2 (en) 2009-08-04 2011-02-10 Merck Patent Gmbh Electronic devices comprising multi cyclic hydrocarbons
US20110097495A1 (en) * 2009-09-03 2011-04-28 Universal Display Corporation Organic vapor jet printing with chiller plate
JP2011060483A (ja) 2009-09-08 2011-03-24 Canon Inc 有機ｅｌ表示装置
US8801856B2 (en) * 2009-09-08 2014-08-12 Universal Display Corporation Method and system for high-throughput deposition of patterned organic thin films
US8466455B2 (en) * 2009-09-17 2013-06-18 Universal Display Corporation Device structure
DE102009048604A1 (de) 2009-10-02 2011-04-07 Technische Universität Dresden Organische Leuchtdiodenvorrichtung
US20110248244A1 (en) * 2009-10-05 2011-10-13 Emagin Corporation Independently controlled stacked inverted organic light emitting diodes and a method of manufacturing same
US10354995B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2019-07-16 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor memory device and structure
US11018133B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2021-05-25 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D integrated circuit
US9099424B1 (en) 2012-08-10 2015-08-04 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor system, device and structure with heat removal
US10043781B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2018-08-07 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure
US10388863B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2019-08-20 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D memory device and structure
US8294159B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2012-10-23 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method for fabrication of a semiconductor device and structure
US8450804B2 (en) 2011-03-06 2013-05-28 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor device and structure for heat removal
US8742476B1 (en) 2012-11-27 2014-06-03 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor device and structure
US8536023B2 (en) 2010-11-22 2013-09-17 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method of manufacturing a semiconductor device and structure
US10157909B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2018-12-18 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure
US8476145B2 (en) 2010-10-13 2013-07-02 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method of fabricating a semiconductor device and structure
US10366970B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2019-07-30 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure
US8581349B1 (en) 2011-05-02 2013-11-12 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D memory semiconductor device and structure
US10910364B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2021-02-02 Monolitaic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device
US11374118B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2022-06-28 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method to form a 3D integrated circuit
US8545996B2 (en) * 2009-11-02 2013-10-01 The University Of Southern California Ion-pairing soft salts based on organometallic complexes and their applications in organic light emitting diodes
US8580394B2 (en) 2009-11-19 2013-11-12 Universal Display Corporation 3-coordinate copper(I)-carbene complexes
WO2011062857A2 (en) 2009-11-20 2011-05-26 Universal Display Corporation Oleds with low-index islands to enhance outcoupling of light
US8330152B2 (en) * 2009-12-02 2012-12-11 Universal Display Corporation OLED display architecture with improved aperture ratio
EP2517278B1 (en) 2009-12-22 2019-07-17 Merck Patent GmbH Electroluminescent formulations
EP2517275B1 (en) 2009-12-22 2018-11-07 Merck Patent GmbH Formulations comprising phase-separated functional materials
JP5897472B2 (ja) 2009-12-22 2016-03-30 メルク パテント ゲーエムベーハー エレクトロルミネセンス機能性界面活性剤
JP2011165653A (ja) * 2010-01-14 2011-08-25 Canon Inc 有機ｅｌ素子およびそれを用いた発光装置
US8288187B2 (en) * 2010-01-20 2012-10-16 Universal Display Corporation Electroluminescent devices for lighting applications
DE102010006280A1 (de) 2010-01-30 2011-08-04 Merck Patent GmbH, 64293 Farbkonvertierung
WO2011096923A1 (en) 2010-02-03 2011-08-11 Universal Display Corporation Organic light emitting device with conducting cover
US9099526B2 (en) 2010-02-16 2015-08-04 Monolithic 3D Inc. Integrated circuit device and structure
US8298875B1 (en) 2011-03-06 2012-10-30 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method for fabrication of a semiconductor device and structure
US8461035B1 (en) 2010-09-30 2013-06-11 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method for fabrication of a semiconductor device and structure
US8026521B1 (en) 2010-10-11 2011-09-27 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor device and structure
US8541819B1 (en) 2010-12-09 2013-09-24 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor device and structure
US8373230B1 (en) 2010-10-13 2013-02-12 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method for fabrication of a semiconductor device and structure
US8492886B2 (en) 2010-02-16 2013-07-23 Monolithic 3D Inc 3D integrated circuit with logic
US9156870B2 (en) * 2010-02-25 2015-10-13 Universal Display Corporation Phosphorescent emitters
US9175211B2 (en) * 2010-03-03 2015-11-03 Universal Display Corporation Phosphorescent materials
EP2544765A1 (en) 2010-03-11 2013-01-16 Merck Patent GmbH Fibers in therapy and cosmetics
JP2013522816A (ja) 2010-03-11 2013-06-13 メルク パテント ゲーエムベーハー 発光ファイバー
TWI488540B (zh) * 2010-03-24 2015-06-11 Au Optronics Corp 白色有機發光二極體
US8334545B2 (en) 2010-03-24 2012-12-18 Universal Display Corporation OLED display architecture
US8963132B2 (en) 2010-03-25 2015-02-24 Universal Display Corporation Solution processable doped triarylamine hole injection materials
US8450730B2 (en) 2010-03-31 2013-05-28 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Light emitting device having peripheral emissive region
US8227801B2 (en) 2010-04-26 2012-07-24 Universal Display Corporation Bicarbzole containing compounds for OLEDs
JP5646733B2 (ja) 2010-04-28 2014-12-24 ユニバーサル ディスプレイ コーポレイション 予備混合した材料の堆積
US8968887B2 (en) 2010-04-28 2015-03-03 Universal Display Corporation Triphenylene-benzofuran/benzothiophene/benzoselenophene compounds with substituents joining to form fused rings
WO2011137429A2 (en) 2010-04-30 2011-11-03 Arizona Board Of Regents Acting For And On Behalf Of Arizona State University Synthesis of four coordinated palladium complexes and their applications in light emitting devices thereof
US9073948B2 (en) 2010-05-14 2015-07-07 Universal Display Corporation Azaborine compounds as host materials and dopants for PHOLEDs
US8564001B2 (en) 2010-05-21 2013-10-22 Universal Display Corporation Organic light emitting device lighting panel
EP2576723B1 (en) 2010-05-27 2017-09-20 Merck Patent GmbH Compositions comprising quantum dots
US8673458B2 (en) 2010-06-11 2014-03-18 Universal Display Corporation Delayed fluorescence OLED
US8742657B2 (en) 2010-06-11 2014-06-03 Universal Display Corporation Triplet-Triplet annihilation up conversion (TTA-UC) for display and lighting applications
CN103003464B (zh) 2010-07-22 2015-03-25 通用显示公司 有机气相喷射印刷
US9435021B2 (en) 2010-07-29 2016-09-06 University Of Southern California Co-deposition methods for the fabrication of organic optoelectronic devices
US9219005B2 (en) 2011-06-28 2015-12-22 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor system and device
US8901613B2 (en) 2011-03-06 2014-12-02 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor device and structure for heat removal
US9953925B2 (en) 2011-06-28 2018-04-24 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor system and device
US10217667B2 (en) 2011-06-28 2019-02-26 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device, fabrication method and system
US8642416B2 (en) 2010-07-30 2014-02-04 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method of forming three dimensional integrated circuit devices using layer transfer technique
US9954180B2 (en) 2010-08-20 2018-04-24 Universal Display Corporation Bicarbazole compounds for OLEDs
US20120049168A1 (en) 2010-08-31 2012-03-01 Universal Display Corporation Cross-Linked Charge Transport Layer Containing an Additive Compound
US10497713B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2019-12-03 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor memory device and structure
US11482440B2 (en) 2010-12-16 2022-10-25 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure with a built-in test circuit for repairing faulty circuits
US8163581B1 (en) 2010-10-13 2012-04-24 Monolith IC 3D Semiconductor and optoelectronic devices
US8273610B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2012-09-25 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method of constructing a semiconductor device and structure
US8932734B2 (en) 2010-10-08 2015-01-13 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10290682B2 (en) 2010-10-11 2019-05-14 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D IC semiconductor device and structure with stacked memory
US11024673B1 (en) 2010-10-11 2021-06-01 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure
US11315980B1 (en) 2010-10-11 2022-04-26 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure with transistors
US11257867B1 (en) 2010-10-11 2022-02-22 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure with oxide bonds
US11158674B2 (en) 2010-10-11 2021-10-26 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method to produce a 3D semiconductor device and structure
US8114757B1 (en) 2010-10-11 2012-02-14 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor device and structure
US11227897B2 (en) 2010-10-11 2022-01-18 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method for producing a 3D semiconductor memory device and structure
US11018191B1 (en) 2010-10-11 2021-05-25 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure
KR101874889B1 (ko) * 2010-10-11 2018-07-06 코닌클리케 필립스 엔.브이. 멀티 디바이스 ｏｌｅｄ
US11469271B2 (en) 2010-10-11 2022-10-11 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method to produce 3D semiconductor devices and structures with memory
US10896931B1 (en) 2010-10-11 2021-01-19 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure
US11600667B1 (en) 2010-10-11 2023-03-07 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method to produce 3D semiconductor devices and structures with memory
US8283215B2 (en) 2010-10-13 2012-10-09 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor and optoelectronic devices
US11133344B2 (en) 2010-10-13 2021-09-28 Monolithic 3D Inc. Multilevel semiconductor device and structure with image sensors
US11605663B2 (en) 2010-10-13 2023-03-14 Monolithic 3D Inc. Multilevel semiconductor device and structure with image sensors and wafer bonding
US10978501B1 (en) 2010-10-13 2021-04-13 Monolithic 3D Inc. Multilevel semiconductor device and structure with waveguides
US11437368B2 (en) 2010-10-13 2022-09-06 Monolithic 3D Inc. Multilevel semiconductor device and structure with oxide bonding
US11404466B2 (en) 2010-10-13 2022-08-02 Monolithic 3D Inc. Multilevel semiconductor device and structure with image sensors
US10998374B1 (en) 2010-10-13 2021-05-04 Monolithic 3D Inc. Multilevel semiconductor device and structure
US8379458B1 (en) 2010-10-13 2013-02-19 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor device and structure
US11163112B2 (en) 2010-10-13 2021-11-02 Monolithic 3D Inc. Multilevel semiconductor device and structure with electromagnetic modulators
US11327227B2 (en) 2010-10-13 2022-05-10 Monolithic 3D Inc. Multilevel semiconductor device and structure with electromagnetic modulators
US10679977B2 (en) 2010-10-13 2020-06-09 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D microdisplay device and structure
US9197804B1 (en) 2011-10-14 2015-11-24 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor and optoelectronic devices
US11855114B2 (en) 2010-10-13 2023-12-26 Monolithic 3D Inc. Multilevel semiconductor device and structure with image sensors and wafer bonding
US11043523B1 (en) 2010-10-13 2021-06-22 Monolithic 3D Inc. Multilevel semiconductor device and structure with image sensors
US11164898B2 (en) 2010-10-13 2021-11-02 Monolithic 3D Inc. Multilevel semiconductor device and structure
US11855100B2 (en) 2010-10-13 2023-12-26 Monolithic 3D Inc. Multilevel semiconductor device and structure with oxide bonding
US10833108B2 (en) 2010-10-13 2020-11-10 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D microdisplay device and structure
US11063071B1 (en) 2010-10-13 2021-07-13 Monolithic 3D Inc. Multilevel semiconductor device and structure with waveguides
US11694922B2 (en) 2010-10-13 2023-07-04 Monolithic 3D Inc. Multilevel semiconductor device and structure with oxide bonding
US11869915B2 (en) 2010-10-13 2024-01-09 Monolithic 3D Inc. Multilevel semiconductor device and structure with image sensors and wafer bonding
US10943934B2 (en) 2010-10-13 2021-03-09 Monolithic 3D Inc. Multilevel semiconductor device and structure
US11929372B2 (en) 2010-10-13 2024-03-12 Monolithic 3D Inc. Multilevel semiconductor device and structure with image sensors and wafer bonding
US8269317B2 (en) 2010-11-11 2012-09-18 Universal Display Corporation Phosphorescent materials
US11355381B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2022-06-07 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor memory device and structure
US11610802B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2023-03-21 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method for producing a 3D semiconductor device and structure with single crystal transistors and metal gate electrodes
US11107721B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2021-08-31 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure with NAND logic
US11164770B1 (en) 2010-11-18 2021-11-02 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method for producing a 3D semiconductor memory device and structure
US11784082B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2023-10-10 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure with bonding
US11923230B1 (en) 2010-11-18 2024-03-05 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure with bonding
US11862503B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2024-01-02 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method for producing a 3D semiconductor device and structure with memory cells and multiple metal layers
US11569117B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2023-01-31 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure with single-crystal layers
US11355380B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2022-06-07 Monolithic 3D Inc. Methods for producing 3D semiconductor memory device and structure utilizing alignment marks
US11211279B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2021-12-28 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method for processing a 3D integrated circuit and structure
US11521888B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2022-12-06 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure with high-k metal gate transistors
US11482439B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2022-10-25 Monolithic 3D Inc. Methods for producing a 3D semiconductor memory device comprising charge trap junction-less transistors
US11854857B1 (en) 2010-11-18 2023-12-26 Monolithic 3D Inc. Methods for producing a 3D semiconductor device and structure with memory cells and multiple metal layers
US11615977B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2023-03-28 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor memory device and structure
US11121021B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2021-09-14 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure
US11508605B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2022-11-22 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor memory device and structure
US11094576B1 (en) 2010-11-18 2021-08-17 Monolithic 3D Inc. Methods for producing a 3D semiconductor memory device and structure
US11495484B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2022-11-08 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor devices and structures with at least two single-crystal layers
US11804396B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2023-10-31 Monolithic 3D Inc. Methods for producing a 3D semiconductor device and structure with memory cells and multiple metal layers
US11901210B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2024-02-13 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure with memory
US11031275B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2021-06-08 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure with memory
US11735462B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2023-08-22 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure with single-crystal layers
US11482438B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2022-10-25 Monolithic 3D Inc. Methods for producing a 3D semiconductor memory device and structure
US11443971B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2022-09-13 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure with memory
US11004719B1 (en) 2010-11-18 2021-05-11 Monolithic 3D Inc. Methods for producing a 3D semiconductor memory device and structure
US11018042B1 (en) 2010-11-18 2021-05-25 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor memory device and structure
US20120138906A1 (en) 2010-12-07 2012-06-07 The University of Southern California USC Stevens Institute for Innovation Capture agents for unsaturated metal complexes
US9698140B2 (en) 2011-01-12 2017-07-04 Universal Display Corporation OLED lighting device with short tolerant structure
CN103348477B (zh) 2011-01-12 2017-02-08 环球展览公司 具有短路容许结构的oled照明装置
US10008677B2 (en) 2011-01-13 2018-06-26 Universal Display Corporation Materials for organic light emitting diode
US8415031B2 (en) 2011-01-24 2013-04-09 Universal Display Corporation Electron transporting compounds
TWI541247B (zh) 2011-02-18 2016-07-11 美國亞利桑那州立大學董事會 具有幾何失真電荷轉移態之四配位鉑及鈀錯合物及彼等於發光裝置中之應用
US8748011B2 (en) 2011-02-23 2014-06-10 Universal Display Corporation Ruthenium carbene complexes for OLED material
CN115448957A (zh) 2011-02-23 2022-12-09 通用显示公司 新型的四齿铂络合物
US9005772B2 (en) 2011-02-23 2015-04-14 Universal Display Corporation Thioazole and oxazole carbene metal complexes as phosphorescent OLED materials
US8563737B2 (en) 2011-02-23 2013-10-22 Universal Display Corporation Methods of making bis-tridentate carbene complexes of ruthenium and osmium
US8492006B2 (en) 2011-02-24 2013-07-23 Universal Display Corporation Germanium-containing red emitter materials for organic light emitting diode
US8975670B2 (en) 2011-03-06 2015-03-10 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor device and structure for heat removal
US8883322B2 (en) 2011-03-08 2014-11-11 Universal Display Corporation Pyridyl carbene phosphorescent emitters
US8664970B2 (en) 2011-03-14 2014-03-04 Universal Display Corporation Method for accelerated lifetesting of large area OLED lighting panels
US8902245B2 (en) 2011-04-07 2014-12-02 Universal Display Corporation Method for driving quad-subpixel display
US8580399B2 (en) 2011-04-08 2013-11-12 Universal Display Corporation Substituted oligoazacarbazoles for light emitting diodes
CN103229325B (zh) 2011-04-08 2018-02-16 卡帝瓦公司 用于利用面式滚筒印制的方法和设备
US8866416B2 (en) 2011-05-04 2014-10-21 Universal Display Corporation Illumination source using LEDs and OLEDs
US8981640B2 (en) 2011-05-11 2015-03-17 Universal Display Corporation Simplified patterned light panel
US8432095B2 (en) 2011-05-11 2013-04-30 Universal Display Corporation Process for fabricating metal bus lines for OLED lighting panels
US8564192B2 (en) 2011-05-11 2013-10-22 Universal Display Corporation Process for fabricating OLED lighting panels
US8927308B2 (en) 2011-05-12 2015-01-06 Universal Display Corporation Method of forming bus line designs for large-area OLED lighting
US8907560B2 (en) 2011-05-12 2014-12-09 Universal Display Corporation Dynamic OLED lighting
US8710518B2 (en) 2011-05-12 2014-04-29 Universal Display Corporation Flexible lighting devices
US8773013B2 (en) 2011-05-12 2014-07-08 Universal Display Corporation Three dimensional OLED lamps
US8835945B2 (en) * 2013-01-11 2014-09-16 Lighting Science Group Corporation Serially-connected light emitting diodes, methods of forming same, and luminaires containing same
US9360202B2 (en) 2011-05-13 2016-06-07 Lighting Science Group Corporation System for actively cooling an LED filament and associated methods
US8795850B2 (en) 2011-05-19 2014-08-05 Universal Display Corporation Phosphorescent heteroleptic phenylbenzimidazole dopants and new synthetic methodology
US9212197B2 (en) 2011-05-19 2015-12-15 Universal Display Corporation Phosphorescent heteroleptic phenylbenzimidazole dopants
TWI505524B (zh) 2011-05-20 2015-10-21 Au Optronics Corp 有機電激發光光源
US8748012B2 (en) 2011-05-25 2014-06-10 Universal Display Corporation Host materials for OLED
WO2012162488A1 (en) 2011-05-26 2012-11-29 Arizona Board Of Regents Acting For And On Behalf Of Arizona State University Synthesis of platinum and palladium complexes as narrow-band phosphorescent emitters for full color displays
US10079349B2 (en) 2011-05-27 2018-09-18 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
WO2012166101A1 (en) 2011-05-27 2012-12-06 Universal Display Corporation Oled having multi-component emissivie layer
US10158089B2 (en) 2011-05-27 2018-12-18 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
JP2014517009A (ja) 2011-06-08 2014-07-17 ユニバーサル ディスプレイ コーポレイション ヘテロレプティックイリジウムカルベン錯体及びそれを用いた発光デバイス
TWI452671B (zh) * 2011-06-10 2014-09-11 Univ Chang Gung Production Method and Device of Stereo Stacked Light Emitting Diode
US8884316B2 (en) 2011-06-17 2014-11-11 Universal Display Corporation Non-common capping layer on an organic device
US8659036B2 (en) 2011-06-17 2014-02-25 Universal Display Corporation Fine tuning of emission spectra by combination of multiple emitter spectra
US10388568B2 (en) 2011-06-28 2019-08-20 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and system
US9023420B2 (en) 2011-07-14 2015-05-05 Universal Display Corporation Composite organic/inorganic layer for organic light-emitting devices
WO2013009708A1 (en) 2011-07-14 2013-01-17 Universal Display Corporation Inorganic hosts in oleds
US9397310B2 (en) 2011-07-14 2016-07-19 Universal Display Corporation Organice electroluminescent materials and devices
US8502445B2 (en) 2011-07-18 2013-08-06 Universal Display Corporation RGBW OLED display for extended lifetime and reduced power consumption
US9783564B2 (en) 2011-07-25 2017-10-10 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
KR101950039B1 (ko) 2011-07-25 2019-02-19 유니버셜 디스플레이 코포레이션 4좌 배위자 백금 착물
US8409729B2 (en) 2011-07-28 2013-04-02 Universal Display Corporation Host materials for phosphorescent OLEDs
US8926119B2 (en) 2011-08-04 2015-01-06 Universal Display Corporation Extendable light source with variable light emitting area
US9318536B2 (en) 2011-08-09 2016-04-19 Universal Display Corporation Light emitters with series connection
US8552420B2 (en) 2011-08-09 2013-10-08 Universal Display Corporation OLED light panel with controlled brightness variation
US8764239B2 (en) 2011-08-16 2014-07-01 Universal Display Corporation Dynamic stretchable OLED lamp
KR101352121B1 (ko) * 2011-08-29 2014-01-15 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 유기 전계 발광 표시 패널 및 그의 제조 방법
US8963420B2 (en) 2011-08-29 2015-02-24 Lg Display Co., Ltd. Organic electro-luminescence display panel for preventing the display panel from degrading and a method for fabricating the same
US9493698B2 (en) 2011-08-31 2016-11-15 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
WO2013043197A1 (en) 2011-09-23 2013-03-28 Universal Display Corporation Digitized oled light source
WO2013048419A1 (en) 2011-09-29 2013-04-04 Universal Display Corporation LAMP WITH MULTIPLE FLEXIBLE OLEDs
US8687399B2 (en) 2011-10-02 2014-04-01 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor device and structure
US9123667B2 (en) 2011-10-04 2015-09-01 Universal Display Corporation Power-efficient RGBW OLED display
US9029173B2 (en) 2011-10-18 2015-05-12 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method for fabrication of a semiconductor device and structure
RU2603434C2 (ru) * 2011-10-26 2016-11-27 Конинклейке Филипс Н.В. Усовершенствованное маскирование для рисунков на светоизлучающих устройствах
US9231227B2 (en) 2011-10-28 2016-01-05 Universal Display Corporation OLED display architecture
KR101976104B1 (ko) 2011-11-01 2019-05-09 유니버셜 디스플레이 코포레이션 저휘도에서의 ｏｌｅｄ 디바이스 효율 감소
US8652656B2 (en) 2011-11-14 2014-02-18 Universal Display Corporation Triphenylene silane hosts
US9193745B2 (en) 2011-11-15 2015-11-24 Universal Display Corporation Heteroleptic iridium complex
US9217004B2 (en) 2011-11-21 2015-12-22 Universal Display Corporation Organic light emitting materials
US9512355B2 (en) 2011-12-09 2016-12-06 Universal Display Corporation Organic light emitting materials
US20130146875A1 (en) 2011-12-13 2013-06-13 Universal Display Corporation Split electrode for organic devices
WO2013102178A1 (en) * 2011-12-30 2013-07-04 Purelux Inc. Light emitting devices
US9461254B2 (en) 2012-01-03 2016-10-04 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US8987451B2 (en) 2012-01-03 2015-03-24 Universal Display Corporation Synthesis of cyclometallated platinum(II) complexes
US9163174B2 (en) 2012-01-04 2015-10-20 Universal Display Corporation Highly efficient phosphorescent materials
KR102012047B1 (ko) 2012-01-06 2019-08-19 유니버셜 디스플레이 코포레이션 효율이 큰 인광 물질
US8969592B2 (en) 2012-01-10 2015-03-03 Universal Display Corporation Heterocyclic host materials
US10211413B2 (en) 2012-01-17 2019-02-19 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US8969116B2 (en) 2012-01-23 2015-03-03 Universal Display Corporation Selective OLED vapor deposition using electric charges
CN104081553B (zh) 2012-01-30 2017-07-04 默克专利有限公司 在纤维上的纳米晶体
CN102655219A (zh) * 2012-02-23 2012-09-05 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 多色oled、多色oled单元及显示器件
US9118017B2 (en) 2012-02-27 2015-08-25 Universal Display Corporation Host compounds for red phosphorescent OLEDs
US20130273239A1 (en) 2012-03-13 2013-10-17 Universal Display Corporation Nozzle design for organic vapor jet printing
CN102617762B (zh) * 2012-03-14 2013-11-13 同济大学 基于咪唑分子桥连接稀土高分子复合发光材料的制备方法
US9386657B2 (en) 2012-03-15 2016-07-05 Universal Display Corporation Organic Electroluminescent materials and devices
US9054323B2 (en) 2012-03-15 2015-06-09 Universal Display Corporation Secondary hole transporting layer with diarylamino-phenyl-carbazole compounds
US8933468B2 (en) 2012-03-16 2015-01-13 Princeton University Office of Technology and Trademark Licensing Electronic device with reduced non-device edge area
US9312511B2 (en) 2012-03-16 2016-04-12 Universal Display Corporation Edge barrier film for electronic devices
US9000557B2 (en) 2012-03-17 2015-04-07 Zvi Or-Bach Semiconductor device and structure
US20150041788A1 (en) 2012-03-21 2015-02-12 Konica Minolta, Inc. Organic electroluminescence element
US11735501B1 (en) 2012-04-09 2023-08-22 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure with metal layers and a connective path
US11881443B2 (en) 2012-04-09 2024-01-23 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure with metal layers and a connective path
US8557632B1 (en) 2012-04-09 2013-10-15 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method for fabrication of a semiconductor device and structure
US11164811B2 (en) 2012-04-09 2021-11-02 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device with isolation layers and oxide-to-oxide bonding
US11594473B2 (en) 2012-04-09 2023-02-28 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure with metal layers and a connective path
US11616004B1 (en) 2012-04-09 2023-03-28 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure with metal layers and a connective path
US11088050B2 (en) 2012-04-09 2021-08-10 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device with isolation layers
US10600888B2 (en) 2012-04-09 2020-03-24 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device
US11410912B2 (en) 2012-04-09 2022-08-09 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device with vias and isolation layers
US11694944B1 (en) 2012-04-09 2023-07-04 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure with metal layers and a connective path
US11476181B1 (en) 2012-04-09 2022-10-18 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure with metal layers
US8836223B2 (en) 2012-04-18 2014-09-16 Universal Display Corporation OLED panel with fuses
US8835948B2 (en) 2012-04-19 2014-09-16 Phostek, Inc. Stacked LED device with diagonal bonding pads
JP6243898B2 (ja) 2012-04-19 2017-12-06 インテヴァック インコーポレイテッド 太陽電池製造のための２重マスク装置
PT2852469T (pt) 2012-04-26 2019-07-31 Intevac Inc Arquitetura de sistema para processamento sob vácuo
US10062600B2 (en) 2012-04-26 2018-08-28 Intevac, Inc. System and method for bi-facial processing of substrates
US8723209B2 (en) 2012-04-27 2014-05-13 Universal Display Corporation Out coupling layer containing particle polymer composite
US9184399B2 (en) 2012-05-04 2015-11-10 Universal Display Corporation Asymmetric hosts with triaryl silane side chains
US9773985B2 (en) 2012-05-21 2017-09-26 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9655199B2 (en) 2012-05-30 2017-05-16 Universal Display Corporation Four component phosphorescent OLED for cool white lighting application
US9741968B2 (en) 2012-05-30 2017-08-22 Universal Display Corporation Luminaire and individually replaceable components
US9670404B2 (en) 2012-06-06 2017-06-06 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9991463B2 (en) 2012-06-14 2018-06-05 Universal Display Corporation Electronic devices with improved shelf lives
US9502672B2 (en) 2012-06-21 2016-11-22 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9685585B2 (en) 2012-06-25 2017-06-20 Cree, Inc. Quantum dot narrow-band downconverters for high efficiency LEDs
US9725476B2 (en) 2012-07-09 2017-08-08 Universal Display Corporation Silylated metal complexes
US9231218B2 (en) 2012-07-10 2016-01-05 Universal Display Corporation Phosphorescent emitters containing dibenzo[1,4]azaborinine structure
US9210810B2 (en) 2012-07-12 2015-12-08 Universal Display Corporation Method of fabricating flexible devices
US9059412B2 (en) 2012-07-19 2015-06-16 Universal Display Corporation Transition metal complexes containing substituted imidazole carbene as ligands and their application in OLEDs
US9540329B2 (en) 2012-07-19 2017-01-10 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9663544B2 (en) 2012-07-25 2017-05-30 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9318710B2 (en) 2012-07-30 2016-04-19 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9306096B2 (en) 2012-08-16 2016-04-05 E-Ray Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. Electrically conducting compositions for organic electronic devices
US9246036B2 (en) 2012-08-20 2016-01-26 Universal Display Corporation Thin film deposition
US9978958B2 (en) 2012-08-24 2018-05-22 Universal Display Corporation Phosphorescent emitters with phenylimidazole ligands
EP2890221A4 (en) 2012-08-24 2016-09-14 Konica Minolta Inc TRANSPARENT ELECTRODE, ELECTRONIC DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE TRANSPARENT ELECTRODE
WO2014031977A1 (en) 2012-08-24 2014-02-27 Arizona Board Of Regents For And On Behalf Of Arizona State University Metal compounds and methods and uses thereof
US8728858B2 (en) 2012-08-27 2014-05-20 Universal Display Corporation Multi-nozzle organic vapor jet printing
DE102012108129A1 (de) * 2012-08-31 2014-03-06 Sensient Imaging Technologies Gmbh Neue Platin(II)komplexe als Triplett-Emitter für OLED Anwendungen
US8940568B2 (en) 2012-08-31 2015-01-27 Universal Display Corporation Patterning method for OLEDs
US8952362B2 (en) 2012-08-31 2015-02-10 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan High efficiency and brightness fluorescent organic light emitting diode by triplet-triplet fusion
US10957870B2 (en) 2012-09-07 2021-03-23 Universal Display Corporation Organic light emitting device
US9257665B2 (en) 2012-09-14 2016-02-09 Universal Display Corporation Lifetime OLED display
US8957579B2 (en) 2012-09-14 2015-02-17 Universal Display Corporation Low image sticking OLED display
US9379169B2 (en) 2012-09-14 2016-06-28 Universal Display Corporation Very high resolution AMOLED display
US9412947B2 (en) 2012-09-14 2016-08-09 Universal Display Corporation OLED fabrication using laser transfer
US9170665B2 (en) 2012-09-14 2015-10-27 Universal Display Corporation Lifetime OLED display
WO2014047616A1 (en) 2012-09-24 2014-03-27 Arizona Board Of Regents For And On Behalf Of Arizona State University Metal compounds, methods, and uses thereof
US9287513B2 (en) 2012-09-24 2016-03-15 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10862073B2 (en) 2012-09-25 2020-12-08 The Trustees Of Princeton University Barrier film for electronic devices and substrates
US9312505B2 (en) 2012-09-25 2016-04-12 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9577221B2 (en) 2012-09-26 2017-02-21 Universal Display Corporation Three stack hybrid white OLED for enhanced efficiency and lifetime
JP6113993B2 (ja) * 2012-10-03 2017-04-12 出光興産株式会社 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子
US9252363B2 (en) 2012-10-04 2016-02-02 Universal Display Corporation Aryloxyalkylcarboxylate solvent compositions for inkjet printing of organic layers
US8764255B2 (en) 2012-10-10 2014-07-01 Universal Display Corporation Semi-rigid electronic device with a flexible display
US9120290B2 (en) 2012-10-10 2015-09-01 Universal Display Corporation Flexible screen backed with rigid ribs
US9384691B2 (en) 2012-10-19 2016-07-05 Universal Display Corporation Transparent display and illumination device
US9385340B2 (en) 2012-10-19 2016-07-05 Universal Display Corporation Transparent display and illumination device
US9385172B2 (en) 2012-10-19 2016-07-05 Universal Display Corporation One-way transparent display
US20150274762A1 (en) 2012-10-26 2015-10-01 Arizona Board Of Regents Acting For And On Behalf Of Arizona State University Metal complexes, methods, and uses thereof
WO2014069256A1 (ja) * 2012-10-31 2014-05-08 コニカミノルタ株式会社 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子
US8692241B1 (en) 2012-11-08 2014-04-08 Universal Display Corporation Transition metal complexes containing triazole and tetrazole carbene ligands
US8946697B1 (en) 2012-11-09 2015-02-03 Universal Display Corporation Iridium complexes with aza-benzo fused ligands
US9748500B2 (en) 2015-01-15 2017-08-29 Universal Display Corporation Organic light emitting materials
US9685617B2 (en) 2012-11-09 2017-06-20 Universal Display Corporation Organic electronuminescent materials and devices
US9843011B2 (en) 2012-11-09 2017-12-12 Konica Minolta, Inc. Organic electroluminescent element having intermediate electrode including two metal layers
US9634264B2 (en) 2012-11-09 2017-04-25 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US8574929B1 (en) 2012-11-16 2013-11-05 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method to form a 3D semiconductor device and structure
US8686428B1 (en) 2012-11-16 2014-04-01 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor device and structure
US9190623B2 (en) 2012-11-20 2015-11-17 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10069090B2 (en) 2012-11-20 2018-09-04 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9512136B2 (en) 2012-11-26 2016-12-06 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9166175B2 (en) 2012-11-27 2015-10-20 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9196860B2 (en) 2012-12-04 2015-11-24 Universal Display Corporation Compounds for triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion
US8716484B1 (en) 2012-12-05 2014-05-06 Universal Display Corporation Hole transporting materials with twisted aryl groups
US9209411B2 (en) 2012-12-07 2015-12-08 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9653691B2 (en) 2012-12-12 2017-05-16 Universal Display Corporation Phosphorescence-sensitizing fluorescence material system
US9159945B2 (en) 2012-12-13 2015-10-13 Universal Display Corporation System and method for matching electrode resistances in OLED light panels
US8766531B1 (en) 2012-12-14 2014-07-01 Universal Display Corporation Wearable display
US20140166990A1 (en) 2012-12-17 2014-06-19 Universal Display Corporation Manufacturing flexible organic electronic devices
US8912018B2 (en) 2012-12-17 2014-12-16 Universal Display Corporation Manufacturing flexible organic electronic devices
US20140166989A1 (en) 2012-12-17 2014-06-19 Universal Display Corporation Manufacturing flexible organic electronic devices
US9502681B2 (en) 2012-12-19 2016-11-22 Universal Display Corporation System and method for a flexible display encapsulation
US11018116B2 (en) 2012-12-22 2021-05-25 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method to form a 3D semiconductor device and structure
US11309292B2 (en) 2012-12-22 2022-04-19 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure with metal layers
US11784169B2 (en) 2012-12-22 2023-10-10 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure with metal layers
US11217565B2 (en) 2012-12-22 2022-01-04 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method to form a 3D semiconductor device and structure
US11916045B2 (en) 2012-12-22 2024-02-27 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure with metal layers
US8674470B1 (en) 2012-12-22 2014-03-18 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor device and structure
US11063024B1 (en) 2012-12-22 2021-07-13 Monlithic 3D Inc. Method to form a 3D semiconductor device and structure
US10115663B2 (en) 2012-12-29 2018-10-30 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure
US10903089B1 (en) 2012-12-29 2021-01-26 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure
US10600657B2 (en) 2012-12-29 2020-03-24 Monolithic 3D Inc 3D semiconductor device and structure
US11430667B2 (en) 2012-12-29 2022-08-30 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure with bonding
US11177140B2 (en) 2012-12-29 2021-11-16 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure
US11004694B1 (en) 2012-12-29 2021-05-11 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure
US9385058B1 (en) 2012-12-29 2016-07-05 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor device and structure
US10892169B2 (en) 2012-12-29 2021-01-12 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure
US9871034B1 (en) 2012-12-29 2018-01-16 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor device and structure
US10651054B2 (en) 2012-12-29 2020-05-12 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure
US11430668B2 (en) 2012-12-29 2022-08-30 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure with bonding
US11087995B1 (en) 2012-12-29 2021-08-10 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure
US10229956B2 (en) 2013-01-18 2019-03-12 Universal Display Corporation High resolution low power consumption OLED display with extended lifetime
US10580832B2 (en) 2013-01-18 2020-03-03 Universal Display Corporation High resolution low power consumption OLED display with extended lifetime
US10243023B2 (en) 2013-01-18 2019-03-26 Universal Display Corporation Top emission AMOLED displays using two emissive layers
US9424772B2 (en) 2013-01-18 2016-08-23 Universal Display Corporation High resolution low power consumption OLED display with extended lifetime
US9385168B2 (en) 2013-01-18 2016-07-05 Universal Display Corporation High resolution low power consumption OLED display with extended lifetime
US9590017B2 (en) 2013-01-18 2017-03-07 Universal Display Corporation High resolution low power consumption OLED display with extended lifetime
US10304906B2 (en) 2013-01-18 2019-05-28 Universal Display Corporation High resolution low power consumption OLED display with extended lifetime
US9252397B2 (en) 2013-02-07 2016-02-02 Universal Display Corporation OVJP for printing graded/stepped organic layers
US10400163B2 (en) 2013-02-08 2019-09-03 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
EP3882254B1 (en) 2013-02-21 2023-10-04 Universal Display Corporation Phosphorescent homoleptic tris-[deuterated-2(2-pyridinyl)phenyl]-iridium complexes for use in light-emitting devices
US10367154B2 (en) 2013-02-21 2019-07-30 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9178184B2 (en) 2013-02-21 2015-11-03 Universal Display Corporation Deposition of patterned organic thin films
US8927749B2 (en) 2013-03-07 2015-01-06 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10325651B2 (en) 2013-03-11 2019-06-18 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device with stacked memory
US8902663B1 (en) 2013-03-11 2014-12-02 Monolithic 3D Inc. Method of maintaining a memory state
US11869965B2 (en) 2013-03-11 2024-01-09 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure with metal layers and memory cells
US11935949B1 (en) 2013-03-11 2024-03-19 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure with metal layers and memory cells
US11088130B2 (en) 2014-01-28 2021-08-10 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure
US8994404B1 (en) 2013-03-12 2015-03-31 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor device and structure
US9000459B2 (en) 2013-03-12 2015-04-07 Universal Display Corporation OLED display architecture having some blue subpixel components replaced with non-emissive volume containing via or functional electronic component and method of manufacturing thereof
US11398569B2 (en) 2013-03-12 2022-07-26 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure
US11923374B2 (en) 2013-03-12 2024-03-05 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure with metal layers
US10840239B2 (en) 2014-08-26 2020-11-17 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure
US9419225B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2016-08-16 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9117749B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2015-08-25 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor device and structure
US10224279B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2019-03-05 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor device and structure
US9018660B2 (en) 2013-03-25 2015-04-28 Universal Display Corporation Lighting devices
US10514136B2 (en) 2013-03-25 2019-12-24 Universal Display Corporation Lighting devices
US9997712B2 (en) 2013-03-27 2018-06-12 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
KR101798308B1 (ko) 2013-03-29 2017-11-15 코니카 미놀타 가부시키가이샤 유기 일렉트로루미네센스 소자, 그것을 구비한 조명 장치 및 표시 장치
WO2014157610A1 (ja) 2013-03-29 2014-10-02 コニカミノルタ株式会社 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、照明装置、表示装置、有機ルミネッセンス素子用発光性薄膜と組成物及び発光方法
JP6556694B2 (ja) * 2013-04-08 2019-08-07 メルク パテント ゲーエムベーハー 遅延蛍光を有する有機発光素子
US11030371B2 (en) 2013-04-15 2021-06-08 Monolithic 3D Inc. Automation for monolithic 3D devices
US9021414B1 (en) 2013-04-15 2015-04-28 Monolithic 3D Inc. Automation for monolithic 3D devices
US11341309B1 (en) 2013-04-15 2022-05-24 Monolithic 3D Inc. Automation for monolithic 3D devices
US11270055B1 (en) 2013-04-15 2022-03-08 Monolithic 3D Inc. Automation for monolithic 3D devices
US11720736B2 (en) 2013-04-15 2023-08-08 Monolithic 3D Inc. Automation methods for 3D integrated circuits and devices
US11487928B2 (en) 2013-04-15 2022-11-01 Monolithic 3D Inc. Automation for monolithic 3D devices
US11574109B1 (en) 2013-04-15 2023-02-07 Monolithic 3D Inc Automation methods for 3D integrated circuits and devices
US8979291B2 (en) 2013-05-07 2015-03-17 Universal Display Corporation Lighting devices including transparent organic light emitting device light panels and having independent control of direct to indirect light
US9537106B2 (en) 2013-05-09 2017-01-03 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9484546B2 (en) 2013-05-15 2016-11-01 Universal Display Corporation OLED with compact contact design and self-aligned insulators
US9865672B2 (en) 2013-05-15 2018-01-09 Universal Display Corporation Macro-image OLED lighting system
US9041297B2 (en) 2013-05-20 2015-05-26 Universal Display Corporation Large area lighting system with wireless control
US10468633B2 (en) 2013-06-05 2019-11-05 Universal Display Corporation Microlens array architectures for enhanced light outcoupling from an OLED array
US9093658B2 (en) 2013-06-07 2015-07-28 Universal Display Corporation Pre-stressed flexible OLED
JP6603445B2 (ja) 2013-06-10 2019-11-06 アリゾナ・ボード・オブ・リージェンツ・オン・ビハーフ・オブ・アリゾナ・ステイト・ユニバーシティー 改変された発光スペクトルを有する蛍光性四座配位金属錯体
US9735373B2 (en) 2013-06-10 2017-08-15 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9818967B2 (en) 2013-06-28 2017-11-14 Universal Display Corporation Barrier covered microlens films
US9673401B2 (en) 2013-06-28 2017-06-06 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10199581B2 (en) 2013-07-01 2019-02-05 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10121975B2 (en) 2013-07-03 2018-11-06 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9761807B2 (en) 2013-07-15 2017-09-12 Universal Display Corporation Organic light emitting diode materials
US9553274B2 (en) 2013-07-16 2017-01-24 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9324949B2 (en) 2013-07-16 2016-04-26 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9224958B2 (en) 2013-07-19 2015-12-29 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20150028290A1 (en) 2013-07-25 2015-01-29 Universal Display Corporation Heteroleptic osmium complex and method of making the same
CN105659310B (zh) 2013-08-13 2021-02-26 飞利斯有限公司 电子显示区域的优化
US9823482B2 (en) 2013-08-19 2017-11-21 Universal Display Corporation Autostereoscopic displays
US10074806B2 (en) 2013-08-20 2018-09-11 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9831437B2 (en) 2013-08-20 2017-11-28 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
WO2015031426A1 (en) 2013-08-27 2015-03-05 Polyera Corporation Flexible display and detection of flex state
CN105793781B (zh) 2013-08-27 2019-11-05 飞利斯有限公司 具有可挠曲电子构件的可附接装置
US9932359B2 (en) 2013-08-30 2018-04-03 University Of Southern California Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9374872B2 (en) 2013-08-30 2016-06-21 Universal Display Corporation Intelligent dimming lighting
US10199582B2 (en) 2013-09-03 2019-02-05 University Of Southern California Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US8981363B1 (en) 2013-09-03 2015-03-17 Universal Display Corporation Flexible substrate for OLED device
US9735378B2 (en) 2013-09-09 2017-08-15 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
WO2015038684A1 (en) 2013-09-10 2015-03-19 Polyera Corporation Attachable article with signaling, split display and messaging features
US9748503B2 (en) 2013-09-13 2017-08-29 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10003034B2 (en) 2013-09-30 2018-06-19 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20150090960A1 (en) 2013-09-30 2015-04-02 Universal Display Corporation Methods to Fabricate Flexible OLED Lighting Devices
US9496522B2 (en) 2013-12-13 2016-11-15 Universal Display Corporation OLED optically coupled to curved substrate
US9831447B2 (en) 2013-10-08 2017-11-28 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9293712B2 (en) 2013-10-11 2016-03-22 Universal Display Corporation Disubstituted pyrene compounds with amino group containing ortho aryl group and devices containing the same
JP6804823B2 (ja) 2013-10-14 2020-12-23 アリゾナ・ボード・オブ・リージェンツ・オン・ビハーフ・オブ・アリゾナ・ステイト・ユニバーシティーＡｒｉｚｏｎａ Ｂｏａｒｄ ｏｆ Ｒｅｇｅｎｔｓ ｏｎ ｂｅｈａｌｆ ｏｆ Ａｒｉｚｏｎａ Ｓｔａｔｅ Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ 白金錯体およびデバイス
JP6396147B2 (ja) 2013-10-22 2018-09-26 ユニバーサル ディスプレイ コーポレイション 有機エレクトロルミネセンス材料、及びデバイス
US9853229B2 (en) 2013-10-23 2017-12-26 University Of Southern California Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20150115250A1 (en) 2013-10-29 2015-04-30 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
JPWO2015068779A1 (ja) * 2013-11-07 2017-03-09 コニカミノルタ株式会社 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子の製造方法、及び有機エレクトロルミネッセンスモジュール
US9306179B2 (en) 2013-11-08 2016-04-05 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9395072B2 (en) 2013-11-13 2016-07-19 Industrial Technology Research Institute Illumination device
US9647218B2 (en) 2013-11-14 2017-05-09 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
EP3220440A1 (en) 2013-11-15 2017-09-20 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9142778B2 (en) 2013-11-15 2015-09-22 Universal Display Corporation High vacuum OLED deposition source and system
US9905784B2 (en) 2013-11-15 2018-02-27 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10056565B2 (en) 2013-11-20 2018-08-21 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9130195B2 (en) 2013-11-22 2015-09-08 Universal Display Corporation Structure to enhance light extraction and lifetime of OLED devices
US9390649B2 (en) 2013-11-27 2016-07-12 Universal Display Corporation Ruggedized wearable display
US10062738B2 (en) 2013-11-27 2018-08-28 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Devices combining thin film inorganic LEDs with organic LEDs and fabrication thereof
US10644251B2 (en) 2013-12-04 2020-05-05 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9224963B2 (en) 2013-12-09 2015-12-29 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Stable emitters
US9876173B2 (en) 2013-12-09 2018-01-23 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10355227B2 (en) 2013-12-16 2019-07-16 Universal Display Corporation Metal complex for phosphorescent OLED
US9666822B2 (en) 2013-12-17 2017-05-30 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Extended OLED operational lifetime through phosphorescent dopant profile management
US10839734B2 (en) 2013-12-23 2020-11-17 Universal Display Corporation OLED color tuning by driving mode variation
US9397314B2 (en) 2013-12-23 2016-07-19 Universal Display Corporation Thin-form light-enhanced substrate for OLED luminaire
US9847496B2 (en) 2013-12-23 2017-12-19 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
WO2015100224A1 (en) 2013-12-24 2015-07-02 Polyera Corporation Flexible electronic display with user interface based on sensed movements
JP2017508493A (ja) 2013-12-24 2017-03-30 ポリエラ コーポレイション 可撓性電子構成要素のための支持構造
JP6639400B2 (ja) 2013-12-24 2020-02-05 フレックステラ， インコーポレイテッドＦｌｅｘｔｅｒｒａ， Ｉｎｃ． 取り付け可能な二次元可撓性電子デバイスのための支持構造
WO2015100396A1 (en) 2013-12-24 2015-07-02 Polyera Corporation Support structures for a flexible electronic component
KR101878084B1 (ko) 2013-12-26 2018-07-12 카티바, 인크. 전자 장치의 열 처리를 위한 장치 및 기술
US10135008B2 (en) 2014-01-07 2018-11-20 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10020455B2 (en) 2014-01-07 2018-07-10 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Tetradentate platinum and palladium complex emitters containing phenyl-pyrazole and its analogues
US9978961B2 (en) 2014-01-08 2018-05-22 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
KR20220147699A (ko) 2014-01-21 2022-11-03 카티바, 인크. 전자 장치 인캡슐레이션을 위한 기기 및 기술
US9755159B2 (en) 2014-01-23 2017-09-05 Universal Display Corporation Organic materials for OLEDs
US11031394B1 (en) 2014-01-28 2021-06-08 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure
US10297586B2 (en) 2015-03-09 2019-05-21 Monolithic 3D Inc. Methods for processing a 3D semiconductor device
US11107808B1 (en) 2014-01-28 2021-08-31 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure
US9935277B2 (en) 2014-01-30 2018-04-03 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20150227245A1 (en) 2014-02-10 2015-08-13 Polyera Corporation Attachable Device with Flexible Electronic Display Orientation Detection
US9590194B2 (en) 2014-02-14 2017-03-07 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9847497B2 (en) 2014-02-18 2017-12-19 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10003033B2 (en) 2014-02-18 2018-06-19 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10707423B2 (en) 2014-02-21 2020-07-07 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9502656B2 (en) 2014-02-24 2016-11-22 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9647217B2 (en) 2014-02-24 2017-05-09 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10403825B2 (en) 2014-02-27 2019-09-03 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9673407B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2017-06-06 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9181270B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2015-11-10 Universal Display Corporation Method of making sulfide compounds
US10056567B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2018-08-21 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Chiral metal complexes as emitters for organic polarized electroluminescent devices
US9590195B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2017-03-07 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9190620B2 (en) 2014-03-01 2015-11-17 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
WO2015134017A1 (en) 2014-03-05 2015-09-11 Universal Display Corporation Phosphorescent oled devices
US9853247B2 (en) 2014-03-11 2017-12-26 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Electrophosphorescent organic light emitting concentrator
US9397309B2 (en) 2014-03-13 2016-07-19 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent devices
US10208026B2 (en) 2014-03-18 2019-02-19 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9748504B2 (en) 2014-03-25 2017-08-29 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10749123B2 (en) 2014-03-27 2020-08-18 Universal Display Corporation Impact resistant OLED devices
US10261634B2 (en) 2014-03-27 2019-04-16 Flexterra, Inc. Infrared touch system for flexible displays
US10910590B2 (en) 2014-03-27 2021-02-02 Universal Display Corporation Hermetically sealed isolated OLED pixels
US9661709B2 (en) 2014-03-28 2017-05-23 Universal Display Corporation Integrated LED/OLED lighting system
EP2927983B1 (en) * 2014-03-31 2023-07-26 LG Display Co., Ltd. White organic light emitting device
KR102151412B1 (ko) * 2014-03-31 2020-10-27 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 백색 유기 발광 소자
US9929353B2 (en) 2014-04-02 2018-03-27 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9691993B2 (en) 2014-04-09 2017-06-27 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9331299B2 (en) 2014-04-11 2016-05-03 Universal Display Corporation Efficient white organic light emitting diodes with high color quality
US10008679B2 (en) 2014-04-14 2018-06-26 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9905785B2 (en) * 2014-04-14 2018-02-27 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9337441B2 (en) 2014-04-15 2016-05-10 Universal Display Corporation OLED lighting panel and methods for fabricating thereof
US9450198B2 (en) 2014-04-15 2016-09-20 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10256427B2 (en) 2014-04-15 2019-04-09 Universal Display Corporation Efficient organic electroluminescent devices
US9380675B2 (en) 2014-04-17 2016-06-28 Universal Display Corporation Energy saving OLED lighting system and method
US9741941B2 (en) 2014-04-29 2017-08-22 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
JP6461195B2 (ja) 2014-04-30 2019-01-30 カティーバ， インコーポレイテッド 基板コーティングのためのガスクッション装置および技法
US10457699B2 (en) 2014-05-02 2019-10-29 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10403830B2 (en) 2014-05-08 2019-09-03 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10301338B2 (en) 2014-05-08 2019-05-28 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10636983B2 (en) 2014-05-08 2020-04-28 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
EP3473635B1 (en) 2014-05-08 2020-07-22 Universal Display Corporation Stabilized imidazophenanthridine materials
US9876192B2 (en) 2014-05-12 2018-01-23 Universal Display Corporation Barrier composition and properties
US9572232B2 (en) 2014-05-15 2017-02-14 Universal Display Corporation Biosensing electronic devices
US9640781B2 (en) 2014-05-22 2017-05-02 Universal Display Corporation Devices to increase OLED output coupling efficiency with a high refractive index substrate
US9997716B2 (en) 2014-05-27 2018-06-12 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10700134B2 (en) 2014-05-27 2020-06-30 Universal Display Corporation Low power consumption OLED display
WO2015183954A1 (en) 2014-05-27 2015-12-03 Universal Display Corporation High resolution low power consumption oled display with extended lifetime
TWI692272B (zh) 2014-05-28 2020-04-21 美商飛利斯有限公司 在多數表面上具有可撓性電子組件之裝置
WO2015183567A1 (en) 2014-05-28 2015-12-03 Polyera Corporation Low power display updates
US9929365B2 (en) 2014-05-28 2018-03-27 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Excited state management
US9941479B2 (en) 2014-06-02 2018-04-10 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Tetradentate cyclometalated platinum complexes containing 9,10-dihydroacridine and its analogues
US10461260B2 (en) 2014-06-03 2019-10-29 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11267012B2 (en) 2014-06-25 2022-03-08 Universal Display Corporation Spatial control of vapor condensation using convection
EP2960059B1 (en) 2014-06-25 2018-10-24 Universal Display Corporation Systems and methods of modulating flow during vapor jet deposition of organic materials
US11220737B2 (en) 2014-06-25 2022-01-11 Universal Display Corporation Systems and methods of modulating flow during vapor jet deposition of organic materials
US9911931B2 (en) 2014-06-26 2018-03-06 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10115930B2 (en) 2014-07-08 2018-10-30 Universal Display Corporation Combined internal and external extraction layers for enhanced light outcoupling for organic light emitting device
US10297762B2 (en) 2014-07-09 2019-05-21 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10566546B2 (en) 2014-07-14 2020-02-18 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9929357B2 (en) 2014-07-22 2018-03-27 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
RU2583267C2 (ru) * 2014-07-23 2016-05-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт высокомолекулярных соединений Российской академии наук Фотолюминесцентный полимерный композиционный материал для светоизлучающих систем
US9923155B2 (en) 2014-07-24 2018-03-20 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Tetradentate platinum (II) complexes cyclometalated with functionalized phenyl carbene ligands and their analogues
US9502671B2 (en) 2014-07-28 2016-11-22 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Tridentate cyclometalated metal complexes with six-membered coordination rings
US9818959B2 (en) 2014-07-29 2017-11-14 Arizona Board of Regents on behlaf of Arizona State University Metal-assisted delayed fluorescent emitters containing tridentate ligands
JP6607923B2 (ja) 2014-08-05 2019-11-20 インテヴァック インコーポレイテッド 注入マスク及びアライメント
US10411200B2 (en) 2014-08-07 2019-09-10 Universal Display Corporation Electroluminescent (2-phenylpyridine)iridium complexes and devices
US11108000B2 (en) 2014-08-07 2021-08-31 Unniversal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9343695B2 (en) 2014-08-13 2016-05-17 Universal Display Corporation Method of fabricating organic light emitting device (OLED) panel of arbitrary shape
WO2016025921A1 (en) 2014-08-15 2016-02-18 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Non-platinum metal complexes for excimer based single dopant white organic light emitting diodes
US9825243B2 (en) 2014-08-18 2017-11-21 Udc Ireland Limited Methods for fabricating OLEDs on non-uniform substrates and devices made therefrom
US11329244B2 (en) 2014-08-22 2022-05-10 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Organic light-emitting diodes with fluorescent and phosphorescent emitters
WO2016029186A1 (en) 2014-08-22 2016-02-25 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Metal-assisted delayed fluorescent materials as co-host materials for fluorescent oleds
US9583707B2 (en) 2014-09-19 2017-02-28 Universal Display Corporation Micro-nozzle and micro-nozzle array for OVJP and method of manufacturing the same
US10749113B2 (en) 2014-09-29 2020-08-18 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10043987B2 (en) 2014-09-29 2018-08-07 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10135007B2 (en) 2014-09-29 2018-11-20 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9356249B2 (en) 2014-09-30 2016-05-31 Industrial Technology Research Institute Organic electronic device and electric field-induced carrier generation layer
US10361375B2 (en) 2014-10-06 2019-07-23 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9397302B2 (en) 2014-10-08 2016-07-19 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10854826B2 (en) 2014-10-08 2020-12-01 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent compounds, compositions and devices
US10950803B2 (en) 2014-10-13 2021-03-16 Universal Display Corporation Compounds and uses in devices
US9484541B2 (en) 2014-10-20 2016-11-01 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
KR102299838B1 (ko) * 2014-10-31 2021-09-07 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 유기 발광 소자 및 그의 제조 방법
US10033003B2 (en) 2014-11-10 2018-07-24 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Tetradentate metal complexes with carbon group bridging ligands
US9865825B2 (en) 2014-11-10 2018-01-09 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Emitters based on octahedral metal complexes
US10868261B2 (en) 2014-11-10 2020-12-15 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10411201B2 (en) 2014-11-12 2019-09-10 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10038151B2 (en) 2014-11-12 2018-07-31 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9871212B2 (en) 2014-11-14 2018-01-16 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9882151B2 (en) 2014-11-14 2018-01-30 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
KR102294413B1 (ko) * 2014-11-18 2021-08-27 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 유기발광 표시장치
US9761814B2 (en) 2014-11-18 2017-09-12 Universal Display Corporation Organic light-emitting materials and devices
US9741956B2 (en) 2014-11-25 2017-08-22 Industrial Technology Research Institute Organic light-emitting diode apparatus
US9444075B2 (en) 2014-11-26 2016-09-13 Universal Display Corporation Emissive display with photo-switchable polarization
US9843024B2 (en) 2014-12-03 2017-12-12 Universal Display Corporation Methods for fabricating OLEDs
US10177126B2 (en) 2014-12-16 2019-01-08 Universal Display Corporation Tunable OLED lighting source
US10510973B2 (en) 2014-12-17 2019-12-17 Universal Display Corporation Color-stable organic light emitting diode stack
US9450195B2 (en) 2014-12-17 2016-09-20 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11145837B2 (en) 2014-12-17 2021-10-12 Universal Display Corporation Color stable organic light emitting diode stack
US9761842B2 (en) 2014-12-19 2017-09-12 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Enhancing light extraction of organic light emitting diodes via nanoscale texturing of electrode surfaces
US10636978B2 (en) 2014-12-30 2020-04-28 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10253252B2 (en) 2014-12-30 2019-04-09 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9312499B1 (en) 2015-01-05 2016-04-12 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9406892B2 (en) 2015-01-07 2016-08-02 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10038167B2 (en) 2015-01-08 2018-07-31 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Thick-ETL OLEDs with sub-ITO grids with improved outcoupling
DE102015000819A1 (de) * 2015-01-22 2015-12-17 Diehl Aerospace Gmbh Leuchtelement mit mehreren OLEDs, dessen Verwendung und Fahrzeug
US10418569B2 (en) 2015-01-25 2019-09-17 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9711730B2 (en) 2015-01-25 2017-07-18 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10355222B2 (en) 2015-02-06 2019-07-16 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10418562B2 (en) 2015-02-06 2019-09-17 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10644247B2 (en) 2015-02-06 2020-05-05 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10177316B2 (en) 2015-02-09 2019-01-08 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10144867B2 (en) 2015-02-13 2018-12-04 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10680183B2 (en) 2015-02-15 2020-06-09 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9929361B2 (en) 2015-02-16 2018-03-27 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
WO2016138356A1 (en) 2015-02-26 2016-09-01 Polyera Corporation Attachable device having a flexible electronic component
US10600966B2 (en) 2015-02-27 2020-03-24 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11056657B2 (en) 2015-02-27 2021-07-06 University Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10686143B2 (en) 2015-03-05 2020-06-16 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
KR102354019B1 (ko) 2015-03-06 2022-01-21 유니버셜 디스플레이 코포레이션 고효율 oled 소자를 위한 신규 기판 및 공정
US10270046B2 (en) 2015-03-06 2019-04-23 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9780316B2 (en) 2015-03-16 2017-10-03 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9911928B2 (en) 2015-03-19 2018-03-06 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9871214B2 (en) 2015-03-23 2018-01-16 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10529931B2 (en) 2015-03-24 2020-01-07 Universal Display Corporation Organic Electroluminescent materials and devices
US10297770B2 (en) 2015-03-27 2019-05-21 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10147360B2 (en) 2015-03-31 2018-12-04 Universal Display Corporation Rugged display device architecture
EP3278378A1 (en) * 2015-03-31 2018-02-07 SABIC Global Technologies B.V. Multi-functional substrate for oled lighting application
US11818949B2 (en) 2015-04-06 2023-11-14 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11495749B2 (en) 2015-04-06 2022-11-08 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20160293855A1 (en) 2015-04-06 2016-10-06 Universal Display Corporation Organic Electroluminescent Materials and Devices
US11056468B1 (en) 2015-04-19 2021-07-06 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure
US10825779B2 (en) 2015-04-19 2020-11-03 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure
US11011507B1 (en) 2015-04-19 2021-05-18 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure
US10381328B2 (en) 2015-04-19 2019-08-13 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor device and structure
US9899457B2 (en) 2015-04-24 2018-02-20 Universal Display Corporation Flexible OLED display having increased lifetime
CN107810083A (zh) 2015-04-28 2018-03-16 康宁股份有限公司 使用出口牺牲覆盖层在衬底中激光钻取通孔的工件和方法
KR102584846B1 (ko) 2015-05-05 2023-10-04 유니버셜 디스플레이 코포레이션 유기 전계발광 재료 및 디바이스
US10254795B2 (en) 2015-05-06 2019-04-09 Flexterra, Inc. Attachable, flexible display device with flexible tail
US10403826B2 (en) 2015-05-07 2019-09-03 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10777749B2 (en) 2015-05-07 2020-09-15 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9478758B1 (en) 2015-05-08 2016-10-25 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9859510B2 (en) 2015-05-15 2018-01-02 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10109799B2 (en) 2015-05-21 2018-10-23 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10256411B2 (en) 2015-05-21 2019-04-09 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10418568B2 (en) 2015-06-01 2019-09-17 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10033004B2 (en) 2015-06-01 2018-07-24 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9711739B2 (en) 2015-06-02 2017-07-18 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Tetradentate metal complexes containing indoloacridine and its analogues
US9879039B2 (en) 2015-06-03 2018-01-30 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Tetradentate and octahedral metal complexes containing naphthyridinocarbazole and its analogues
US10818853B2 (en) 2015-06-04 2020-10-27 University Of Southern California Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11925102B2 (en) 2015-06-04 2024-03-05 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10243162B2 (en) 2015-06-17 2019-03-26 Universal Display Corporation Close illumination system
US9947895B2 (en) 2015-06-17 2018-04-17 Universal Display Corporation Flexible AMOLED display
US9978965B2 (en) 2015-06-17 2018-05-22 Universal Display Corporation Rollable OLED display
US9496523B1 (en) 2015-06-19 2016-11-15 Universal Display Corporation Devices and methods to improve light outcoupling from an OLED array
US10825997B2 (en) 2015-06-25 2020-11-03 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10686159B2 (en) 2015-06-26 2020-06-16 Universal Display Corporation OLED devices having improved efficiency
US10873036B2 (en) 2015-07-07 2020-12-22 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9899631B2 (en) 2015-07-08 2018-02-20 Universal Display Corporation Flexible multilayer scattering substrate used in OLED
US9978956B2 (en) 2015-07-15 2018-05-22 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11127905B2 (en) 2015-07-29 2021-09-21 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11018309B2 (en) 2015-08-03 2021-05-25 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10158091B2 (en) 2015-08-04 2018-12-18 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Tetradentate platinum (II) and palladium (II) complexes, devices, and uses thereof
US11522140B2 (en) 2015-08-17 2022-12-06 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10522769B2 (en) 2015-08-18 2019-12-31 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9947728B2 (en) 2015-08-25 2018-04-17 Universal Display Corporation Hybrid MEMS OLED display
US10181564B2 (en) 2015-08-26 2019-01-15 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10361381B2 (en) 2015-09-03 2019-07-23 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11706972B2 (en) 2015-09-08 2023-07-18 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11302872B2 (en) 2015-09-09 2022-04-12 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10263050B2 (en) 2015-09-18 2019-04-16 Universal Display Corporation Hybrid display
US9818804B2 (en) 2015-09-18 2017-11-14 Universal Display Corporation Hybrid display
US10770664B2 (en) 2015-09-21 2020-09-08 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
CN115942752A (zh) 2015-09-21 2023-04-07 莫诺利特斯3D有限公司 3d半导体器件和结构
US20170092880A1 (en) 2015-09-25 2017-03-30 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10847728B2 (en) 2015-10-01 2020-11-24 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10593892B2 (en) 2015-10-01 2020-03-17 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10522225B1 (en) 2015-10-02 2019-12-31 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor device with non-volatile memory
US10991895B2 (en) 2015-10-06 2021-04-27 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
KR102406606B1 (ko) * 2015-10-08 2022-06-09 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 유기 발광 소자, 이를 포함하는 유기 발광 표시 장치, 및 이의 제조 방법
US10704144B2 (en) 2015-10-12 2020-07-07 Universal Display Corporation Apparatus and method for printing multilayer organic thin films from vapor phase in an ultra-pure gas ambient
US10566534B2 (en) 2015-10-12 2020-02-18 Universal Display Corporation Apparatus and method to deliver organic material via organic vapor-jet printing (OVJP)
US11296115B1 (en) 2015-10-24 2022-04-05 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure
US10418369B2 (en) 2015-10-24 2019-09-17 Monolithic 3D Inc. Multi-level semiconductor memory device and structure
US11114464B2 (en) 2015-10-24 2021-09-07 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor device and structure
US10847540B2 (en) 2015-10-24 2020-11-24 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor memory device and structure
US10388893B2 (en) 2015-10-29 2019-08-20 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10388892B2 (en) 2015-10-29 2019-08-20 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10177318B2 (en) 2015-10-29 2019-01-08 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11937422B2 (en) 2015-11-07 2024-03-19 Monolithic 3D Inc. Semiconductor memory device and structure
US11114427B2 (en) 2015-11-07 2021-09-07 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D semiconductor processor and memory device and structure
CN106710524A (zh) * 2015-11-13 2017-05-24 小米科技有限责任公司 Oled面板、终端及感光控制方法
US10290816B2 (en) 2015-11-16 2019-05-14 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10998507B2 (en) 2015-11-23 2021-05-04 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10476010B2 (en) 2015-11-30 2019-11-12 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11024808B2 (en) 2015-12-29 2021-06-01 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10957861B2 (en) 2015-12-29 2021-03-23 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10135006B2 (en) 2016-01-04 2018-11-20 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
JP6788314B2 (ja) 2016-01-06 2020-11-25 コニカミノルタ株式会社 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子の製造方法、表示装置及び照明装置
US10457864B2 (en) 2016-02-09 2019-10-29 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20170229663A1 (en) 2016-02-09 2017-08-10 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10707427B2 (en) 2016-02-09 2020-07-07 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10600967B2 (en) 2016-02-18 2020-03-24 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10170701B2 (en) 2016-03-04 2019-01-01 Universal Display Corporation Controlled deposition of materials using a differential pressure regime
US11094891B2 (en) 2016-03-16 2021-08-17 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9692955B1 (en) 2016-03-21 2017-06-27 Universal Display Corporation Flash optimized using OLED display
US10276809B2 (en) 2016-04-05 2019-04-30 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10236456B2 (en) 2016-04-11 2019-03-19 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11014386B2 (en) 2016-04-11 2021-05-25 Universal Display Corporation Actuation mechanism for accurately controlling distance in OVJP printing
US11168391B2 (en) 2016-04-11 2021-11-09 Universal Display Corporation Nozzle exit contours for pattern composition
US10566552B2 (en) 2016-04-13 2020-02-18 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11335865B2 (en) 2016-04-15 2022-05-17 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University OLED with multi-emissive material layer
US10483498B2 (en) 2016-04-22 2019-11-19 Universal Display Corporation High efficiency vapor transport sublimation source using baffles coated with source material
US11228002B2 (en) 2016-04-22 2022-01-18 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11081647B2 (en) 2016-04-22 2021-08-03 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11228003B2 (en) 2016-04-22 2022-01-18 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
RU2631015C1 (ru) * 2016-04-29 2017-09-15 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Томский государственный университет систем управления и радиоэлектроники" Высоковольтное органическое люминесцентное устройство
US10522776B2 (en) 2016-05-23 2019-12-31 Universal Display Corporation OLED device structures
US10840458B2 (en) 2016-05-25 2020-11-17 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10460663B2 (en) 2016-05-31 2019-10-29 Universal Display Corporation Architecture for very high resolution AMOLED display backplane
US10468609B2 (en) 2016-06-02 2019-11-05 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11084982B2 (en) * 2016-06-10 2021-08-10 University Of Pittsburgh-Of The Commonwealth System Of Higher Education Optically transparent polymeric actuator and display apparatus employing same
US10727423B2 (en) 2016-06-20 2020-07-28 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11482683B2 (en) 2016-06-20 2022-10-25 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10862054B2 (en) 2016-06-20 2020-12-08 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10686140B2 (en) 2016-06-20 2020-06-16 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10672997B2 (en) 2016-06-20 2020-06-02 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10651403B2 (en) 2016-06-20 2020-05-12 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10957866B2 (en) 2016-06-30 2021-03-23 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US9929360B2 (en) 2016-07-08 2018-03-27 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10566547B2 (en) 2016-07-11 2020-02-18 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10153443B2 (en) 2016-07-19 2018-12-11 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10720587B2 (en) 2016-07-19 2020-07-21 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10756141B2 (en) 2016-07-28 2020-08-25 Universal Display Corporation Very high resolution stacked OLED display
KR102320652B1 (ko) 2016-07-29 2021-11-04 유니버셜 디스플레이 코포레이션 증착 노즐
US10229960B2 (en) 2016-08-02 2019-03-12 Universal Display Corporation OLED displays with variable display regions
US10483489B2 (en) 2016-08-12 2019-11-19 Universal Display Corporation Integrated circular polarizer and permeation barrier for flexible OLEDs
US10205105B2 (en) 2016-08-15 2019-02-12 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10177323B2 (en) 2016-08-22 2019-01-08 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Tetradentate platinum (II) and palladium (II) complexes and octahedral iridium complexes employing azepine functional groups and their analogues
US10608186B2 (en) 2016-09-14 2020-03-31 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10505127B2 (en) 2016-09-19 2019-12-10 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10680187B2 (en) 2016-09-23 2020-06-09 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11189804B2 (en) 2016-10-03 2021-11-30 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11081658B2 (en) 2016-10-03 2021-08-03 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20180097202A1 (en) 2016-10-03 2018-04-05 Regents Of The University Of Michigan Enhanced oled outcoupling by suppressing surface plasmon modes
US11196010B2 (en) 2016-10-03 2021-12-07 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11183642B2 (en) 2016-10-03 2021-11-23 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11127906B2 (en) 2016-10-03 2021-09-21 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11011709B2 (en) 2016-10-07 2021-05-18 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11869591B2 (en) 2016-10-10 2024-01-09 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D memory devices and structures with control circuits
US11711928B2 (en) 2016-10-10 2023-07-25 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D memory devices and structures with control circuits
US11930648B1 (en) 2016-10-10 2024-03-12 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D memory devices and structures with metal layers
US11812620B2 (en) 2016-10-10 2023-11-07 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D DRAM memory devices and structures with control circuits
US11329059B1 (en) 2016-10-10 2022-05-10 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D memory devices and structures with thinned single crystal substrates
US11251149B2 (en) 2016-10-10 2022-02-15 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D memory device and structure
KR20240014475A (ko) 2016-10-12 2024-02-01 아리조나 보드 오브 리젠츠 온 비하프 오브 아리조나 스테이트 유니버시티 협대역 적색 인광성 4좌 백금(ii) 착물
US11239432B2 (en) 2016-10-14 2022-02-01 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10608185B2 (en) 2016-10-17 2020-03-31 Univeral Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11751426B2 (en) 2016-10-18 2023-09-05 Universal Display Corporation Hybrid thin film permeation barrier and method of making the same
US10236458B2 (en) 2016-10-24 2019-03-19 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20180130956A1 (en) 2016-11-09 2018-05-10 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10340464B2 (en) 2016-11-10 2019-07-02 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10680188B2 (en) 2016-11-11 2020-06-09 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10897016B2 (en) 2016-11-14 2021-01-19 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10964893B2 (en) 2016-11-17 2021-03-30 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10662196B2 (en) 2016-11-17 2020-05-26 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10153445B2 (en) 2016-11-21 2018-12-11 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10833276B2 (en) 2016-11-21 2020-11-10 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11223032B2 (en) 2016-11-29 2022-01-11 Universal Display Corporation Thin film barrier structure
US11555048B2 (en) 2016-12-01 2023-01-17 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10490753B2 (en) 2016-12-15 2019-11-26 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11545636B2 (en) 2016-12-15 2023-01-03 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11548905B2 (en) 2016-12-15 2023-01-10 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11183670B2 (en) 2016-12-16 2021-11-23 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Organic light emitting diode with split emissive layer
US10811618B2 (en) 2016-12-19 2020-10-20 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11152579B2 (en) 2016-12-28 2021-10-19 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10783823B2 (en) 2017-01-04 2020-09-22 Universal Display Corporation OLED device with controllable brightness
US11780865B2 (en) 2017-01-09 2023-10-10 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11201298B2 (en) 2017-01-09 2021-12-14 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10804475B2 (en) 2017-01-11 2020-10-13 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11545637B2 (en) 2017-01-13 2023-01-03 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10629820B2 (en) 2017-01-18 2020-04-21 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10964904B2 (en) 2017-01-20 2021-03-30 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11053268B2 (en) 2017-01-20 2021-07-06 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11765968B2 (en) 2017-01-23 2023-09-19 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11050028B2 (en) 2017-01-24 2021-06-29 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
KR20190139835A (ko) 2017-01-27 2019-12-18 아리조나 보드 오브 리젠츠 온 비하프 오브 아리조나 스테이트 유니버시티 피리도-피롤로-아크리딘 및 유사체를 사용하는 금속 보조 지연 형광 이미터
US10978647B2 (en) 2017-02-15 2021-04-13 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10844084B2 (en) 2017-02-22 2020-11-24 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10745431B2 (en) 2017-03-08 2020-08-18 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10741780B2 (en) 2017-03-10 2020-08-11 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10672998B2 (en) 2017-03-23 2020-06-02 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10910577B2 (en) 2017-03-28 2021-02-02 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10873037B2 (en) 2017-03-28 2020-12-22 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11056658B2 (en) 2017-03-29 2021-07-06 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10844085B2 (en) 2017-03-29 2020-11-24 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11158820B2 (en) 2017-03-29 2021-10-26 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10862046B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2020-12-08 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11139443B2 (en) 2017-03-31 2021-10-05 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11276829B2 (en) 2017-03-31 2022-03-15 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10777754B2 (en) 2017-04-11 2020-09-15 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11038117B2 (en) 2017-04-11 2021-06-15 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
WO2018187966A1 (en) * 2017-04-12 2018-10-18 Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. Stacked organic light emitting apparatus, organic light emitting diode display apparatus, and method of fabricating a stacked organic light emitting apparatus
US11084838B2 (en) 2017-04-21 2021-08-10 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and device
US11101434B2 (en) 2017-04-21 2021-08-24 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10975113B2 (en) 2017-04-21 2021-04-13 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11038137B2 (en) 2017-04-28 2021-06-15 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10910570B2 (en) 2017-04-28 2021-02-02 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11117897B2 (en) 2017-05-01 2021-09-14 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10941170B2 (en) 2017-05-03 2021-03-09 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11201299B2 (en) 2017-05-04 2021-12-14 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10818840B2 (en) 2017-05-05 2020-10-27 Universal Display Corporation Segmented print bar for large-area OVJP deposition
US10862055B2 (en) 2017-05-05 2020-12-08 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20180323373A1 (en) 2017-05-05 2018-11-08 Universal Display Corporation Capacitive sensor for positioning in ovjp printing
US10870668B2 (en) 2017-05-05 2020-12-22 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10930864B2 (en) 2017-05-10 2021-02-23 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10944060B2 (en) 2017-05-11 2021-03-09 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10822362B2 (en) 2017-05-11 2020-11-03 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
RU2657497C1 (ru) * 2017-05-12 2018-06-14 Сиа Эволед Способ получения эмиссионного слоя на основе соединений редкоземельных элементов и органический светоизлучающий диод
US11038115B2 (en) 2017-05-18 2021-06-15 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and device
US10790455B2 (en) 2017-05-18 2020-09-29 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10840459B2 (en) 2017-05-18 2020-11-17 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10944062B2 (en) 2017-05-18 2021-03-09 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10934293B2 (en) 2017-05-18 2021-03-02 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11101435B2 (en) 2017-05-19 2021-08-24 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Tetradentate platinum and palladium complexes based on biscarbazole and analogues
US10516117B2 (en) 2017-05-19 2019-12-24 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Metal-assisted delayed fluorescent emttters employing benzo-imidazo-phenanthridine and analogues
US11201288B2 (en) 2017-05-26 2021-12-14 Universal Display Corporation Generalized organic vapor jet depositor capable of high resolution printing and method for OVJP printing
US11946131B2 (en) 2017-05-26 2024-04-02 Universal Display Corporation Sublimation cell with time stability of output vapor pressure
US10930862B2 (en) 2017-06-01 2021-02-23 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11678565B2 (en) 2017-06-23 2023-06-13 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11495757B2 (en) 2017-06-23 2022-11-08 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11552261B2 (en) 2017-06-23 2023-01-10 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20180370999A1 (en) 2017-06-23 2018-12-27 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11814403B2 (en) 2017-06-23 2023-11-14 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11174259B2 (en) 2017-06-23 2021-11-16 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11725022B2 (en) 2017-06-23 2023-08-15 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10968226B2 (en) 2017-06-23 2021-04-06 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11608321B2 (en) 2017-06-23 2023-03-21 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11832510B2 (en) 2017-06-23 2023-11-28 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11758804B2 (en) 2017-06-23 2023-09-12 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11802136B2 (en) 2017-06-23 2023-10-31 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
EP3425690A1 (en) * 2017-07-03 2019-01-09 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Organic light-emitting device
US11469382B2 (en) 2017-07-12 2022-10-11 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11917843B2 (en) 2017-07-26 2024-02-27 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11239433B2 (en) 2017-07-26 2022-02-01 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11765970B2 (en) 2017-07-26 2023-09-19 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11322691B2 (en) 2017-07-26 2022-05-03 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11228010B2 (en) 2017-07-26 2022-01-18 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11678499B2 (en) 2017-07-27 2023-06-13 Universal Display Corporation Use of singlet-triplet gap hosts for increasing stability of blue phosphorescent emission
US11744141B2 (en) 2017-08-09 2023-08-29 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11349083B2 (en) 2017-08-10 2022-05-31 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11508913B2 (en) 2017-08-10 2022-11-22 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11744142B2 (en) 2017-08-10 2023-08-29 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11910699B2 (en) 2017-08-10 2024-02-20 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11462697B2 (en) 2017-08-22 2022-10-04 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11723269B2 (en) 2017-08-22 2023-08-08 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10998506B2 (en) 2017-08-22 2021-05-04 Beijing Summer Sprout Technology Co., Ltd. Boron containing heterocyclic compound for OLEDs, an organic light-emitting device, and a formulation comprising the boron-containing heterocyclic compound
US10600981B2 (en) 2017-08-24 2020-03-24 Universal Display Corporation Exciplex-sensitized fluorescence light emitting system
US11437591B2 (en) 2017-08-24 2022-09-06 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
KR20200046035A (ko) 2017-08-25 2020-05-06 가부시키가이샤 한도오따이 에네루기 켄큐쇼 표시 패널 및 표시 장치
US11605791B2 (en) 2017-09-01 2023-03-14 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11839147B2 (en) 2017-09-04 2023-12-05 Beijing Summer Sprout Technology Co., Ltd. Hole injection layer and charge generation layer containing a truxene based compound
US11696492B2 (en) 2017-09-07 2023-07-04 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11424420B2 (en) 2017-09-07 2022-08-23 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11444249B2 (en) 2017-09-07 2022-09-13 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10608188B2 (en) 2017-09-11 2020-03-31 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11177446B2 (en) 2017-09-14 2021-11-16 Beijing Summer Sprout Technology Co., Ltd. Silicon containing organic fluorescent materials
US11778897B2 (en) 2017-09-20 2023-10-03 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10923660B2 (en) 2017-09-29 2021-02-16 Beijing Summer Sprout Technology Co., Ltd. Liquid formulation and a method for making electronic devices by solution process
CN109575083A (zh) 2017-09-29 2019-04-05 北京夏禾科技有限公司 含环烷基辅助配体的有机发光材料
US11325934B2 (en) 2017-09-29 2022-05-10 Beijing Summer Sprout Technology Co., Ltd. Organic luminescent materials containing tetraphenylene ligands
CN109651065B (zh) 2017-10-12 2022-11-29 北京夏禾科技有限公司 四邻亚苯蒽化合物
KR20200065064A (ko) 2017-10-17 2020-06-08 지안 리 표시 및 조명 분야용 단색성 이미터로서의, 바람직한 분자 배향을 갖는 인광성 엑시머
WO2019079505A1 (en) 2017-10-17 2019-04-25 Jian Li HOLES LOCKING MATERIAL FOR ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT DIODES
US10978645B2 (en) 2017-10-20 2021-04-13 Beijing Summer Sprout Technology Co., Ltd. Indolocarbazole tetraphenylene compounds
US11214587B2 (en) 2017-11-07 2022-01-04 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11910702B2 (en) 2017-11-07 2024-02-20 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent devices
US11183646B2 (en) 2017-11-07 2021-11-23 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11349081B2 (en) 2017-11-14 2022-05-31 Beijing Summer Sprout Technology Co., Ltd. Azaindolocarbazole compounds
US10770690B2 (en) 2017-11-15 2020-09-08 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan OLED with minimal plasmonic losses
US11362311B2 (en) 2017-11-17 2022-06-14 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Sub-electrode microlens array for organic light emitting devices
US11168103B2 (en) 2017-11-17 2021-11-09 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11362310B2 (en) 2017-11-20 2022-06-14 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Organic light-emitting devices using a low refractive index dielectric
US11527519B2 (en) 2017-11-27 2022-12-13 Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd. LED unit for display and display apparatus having the same
US10892296B2 (en) 2017-11-27 2021-01-12 Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd. Light emitting device having commonly connected LED sub-units
US10892297B2 (en) 2017-11-27 2021-01-12 Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd. Light emitting diode (LED) stack for a display
US10777125B2 (en) 2017-11-27 2020-09-15 Universal Display Corporation Multi-mode OLED display
US20190161504A1 (en) 2017-11-28 2019-05-30 University Of Southern California Carbene compounds and organic electroluminescent devices
US10770673B2 (en) 2017-11-28 2020-09-08 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Highly reliable stacked white organic light emitting device
US11825735B2 (en) 2017-11-28 2023-11-21 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
EP3492480B1 (en) 2017-11-29 2021-10-20 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11937503B2 (en) 2017-11-30 2024-03-19 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10431631B2 (en) * 2017-12-04 2019-10-01 Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Semiconductor Display Technology Co., Ltd. Stacked OLED device and method of making the same
US10748881B2 (en) 2017-12-05 2020-08-18 Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd. Light emitting device with LED stack for display and display apparatus having the same
US11139444B2 (en) 2017-12-12 2021-10-05 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent devices containing a near-infrared down-conversion layer
US11145692B2 (en) 2017-12-12 2021-10-12 Universal Display Corporation Hybrid wearable organic light emitting diode (OLED) illumination devices
US10998531B2 (en) 2017-12-12 2021-05-04 Universal Display Corporation Segmented OVJP print bar
CN114920757A (zh) 2017-12-13 2022-08-19 北京夏禾科技有限公司 有机电致发光材料和器件
US11466026B2 (en) 2017-12-13 2022-10-11 Beijing Summer Sprout Technology Co., Ltd. Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11466009B2 (en) 2017-12-13 2022-10-11 Beijing Summer Sprout Technology Co., Ltd. Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11897896B2 (en) 2017-12-13 2024-02-13 Beijing Summer Sprout Technology Co., Ltd. Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10886327B2 (en) 2017-12-14 2021-01-05 Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd. Light emitting stacked structure and display device having the same
US10971687B2 (en) 2017-12-14 2021-04-06 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11233205B2 (en) 2017-12-14 2022-01-25 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11233204B2 (en) 2017-12-14 2022-01-25 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
CN109928885B (zh) 2017-12-19 2022-11-29 北京夏禾科技有限公司 四邻亚苯三芳胺化合物
US10992252B2 (en) 2017-12-19 2021-04-27 Universal Display Corporation Integrated photovoltaic window and light source
US11522006B2 (en) 2017-12-21 2022-12-06 Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd. Light emitting stacked structure and display device having the same
US11552061B2 (en) 2017-12-22 2023-01-10 Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd. Light emitting device with LED stack for display and display apparatus having the same
US11114499B2 (en) 2018-01-02 2021-09-07 Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd. Display device having light emitting stacked structure
US10784240B2 (en) 2018-01-03 2020-09-22 Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd. Light emitting device with LED stack for display and display apparatus having the same
US11329237B2 (en) 2018-01-05 2022-05-10 Beijing Summer Sprout Technology Co., Ltd. Boron and nitrogen containing heterocyclic compounds
US11700765B2 (en) 2018-01-10 2023-07-11 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11081659B2 (en) 2018-01-10 2021-08-03 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11108027B2 (en) 2018-01-11 2021-08-31 Universal Display Corporation Printed metal gasket
US11515493B2 (en) 2018-01-11 2022-11-29 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11271177B2 (en) 2018-01-11 2022-03-08 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11588140B2 (en) 2018-01-12 2023-02-21 Universal Display Corporation Organic vapor jet print head for depositing thin film features with high thickness uniformity
US10654272B2 (en) 2018-01-12 2020-05-19 Universal Display Corporation Valved micronozzle array for high temperature MEMS application
US11542289B2 (en) 2018-01-26 2023-01-03 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11367840B2 (en) 2018-01-26 2022-06-21 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11845764B2 (en) 2018-01-26 2023-12-19 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11033924B2 (en) 2018-01-31 2021-06-15 Universal Display Corporation Organic vapor jet print head with orthogonal delivery and exhaust channels
US11180519B2 (en) 2018-02-09 2021-11-23 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11239434B2 (en) 2018-02-09 2022-02-01 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11342509B2 (en) 2018-02-09 2022-05-24 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11104988B2 (en) 2018-02-22 2021-08-31 Universal Display Corporation Modular confined organic print head and system
WO2019172121A1 (ja) * 2018-03-06 2019-09-12 ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 発光素子ユニット
US11279722B2 (en) 2018-03-12 2022-03-22 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11142538B2 (en) 2018-03-12 2021-10-12 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11165028B2 (en) 2018-03-12 2021-11-02 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11217757B2 (en) 2018-03-12 2022-01-04 Universal Display Corporation Host materials for electroluminescent devices
US11557733B2 (en) 2018-03-12 2023-01-17 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10916704B2 (en) 2018-04-03 2021-02-09 Universal Display Corporation Vapor jet printing
US11062205B2 (en) 2018-04-06 2021-07-13 Universal Display Corporation Hybrid neuromorphic computing display
US11038121B2 (en) 2018-04-09 2021-06-15 Beijing Summer Sprout Technology Co., Ltd. 9 membered ring carbazole compounds
US11882759B2 (en) 2018-04-13 2024-01-23 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11390639B2 (en) 2018-04-13 2022-07-19 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11616203B2 (en) 2018-04-17 2023-03-28 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11342513B2 (en) 2018-05-04 2022-05-24 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11515494B2 (en) 2018-05-04 2022-11-29 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11753427B2 (en) 2018-05-04 2023-09-12 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11793073B2 (en) 2018-05-06 2023-10-17 Universal Display Corporation Host materials for electroluminescent devices
US11552278B2 (en) 2018-05-08 2023-01-10 Universal Display Corporation Integrated photobiomodulation device
GB201808439D0 (en) 2018-05-23 2018-07-11 Savvy Science Ltd Stacked perovskite light emitting device
US11450822B2 (en) 2018-05-25 2022-09-20 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11459349B2 (en) 2018-05-25 2022-10-04 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11716900B2 (en) 2018-05-30 2023-08-01 Universal Display Corporation Host materials for electroluminescent devices
US11404653B2 (en) 2018-06-04 2022-08-02 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11925103B2 (en) 2018-06-05 2024-03-05 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11339182B2 (en) 2018-06-07 2022-05-24 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11121320B2 (en) 2018-06-18 2021-09-14 Universal Display Corporation Organic vapor jet print head with redundant groups of depositors
US20190386256A1 (en) 2018-06-18 2019-12-19 Universal Display Corporation Sequential material sources for thermally challenged OLED materials
US11552159B2 (en) 2018-06-18 2023-01-10 Universal Display Corporation OLED display with all organic thin film layers patterned
US11228004B2 (en) 2018-06-22 2022-01-18 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11261207B2 (en) 2018-06-25 2022-03-01 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11753425B2 (en) 2018-07-11 2023-09-12 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10797112B2 (en) 2018-07-25 2020-10-06 Universal Display Corporation Energy efficient OLED TV
US20200075870A1 (en) 2018-08-22 2020-03-05 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11233203B2 (en) 2018-09-06 2022-01-25 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11485706B2 (en) 2018-09-11 2022-11-01 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11718634B2 (en) 2018-09-14 2023-08-08 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
CN110903321B (zh) 2018-09-15 2023-12-12 北京夏禾科技有限公司 含有氟取代的金属配合物
CN113169289A (zh) 2018-09-17 2021-07-23 佩罗莱德有限公司 通过喷墨印刷制造钙钛矿发光器件的方法
CN109244259A (zh) * 2018-09-18 2019-01-18 厦门多彩光电子科技有限公司 一种qd-led封装体及其制作方法
US11903305B2 (en) 2018-09-24 2024-02-13 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US10879487B2 (en) 2018-10-04 2020-12-29 Universal Display Corporation Wearable OLED illumination device
US11495752B2 (en) 2018-10-08 2022-11-08 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11469383B2 (en) 2018-10-08 2022-10-11 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11476430B2 (en) 2018-10-15 2022-10-18 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11515482B2 (en) 2018-10-23 2022-11-29 Universal Display Corporation Deep HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital) emitter device structures
TWI692471B (zh) 2018-10-23 2020-05-01 昱鐳光電科技股份有限公司 苯基聯苯嘧啶類化合物及其有機電激發光元件
CN111087416A (zh) 2018-10-24 2020-05-01 北京夏禾科技有限公司 含硅的电子传输材料及其应用
US11469384B2 (en) 2018-11-02 2022-10-11 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11825736B2 (en) 2018-11-19 2023-11-21 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11690285B2 (en) 2018-11-28 2023-06-27 Universal Display Corporation Electroluminescent devices
US11706980B2 (en) 2018-11-28 2023-07-18 Universal Display Corporation Host materials for electroluminescent devices
US11716899B2 (en) 2018-11-28 2023-08-01 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11672165B2 (en) 2018-11-28 2023-06-06 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11672176B2 (en) 2018-11-28 2023-06-06 Universal Display Corporation Host materials for electroluminescent devices
US11201313B2 (en) 2018-11-29 2021-12-14 Universal Display Corporation Enhanced outcoupling from surface plasmon modes in corrugated OLEDs
US11217762B2 (en) 2018-11-30 2022-01-04 Universal Display Corporation Surface-plasmon-pumped light emitting devices
US11623936B2 (en) 2018-12-11 2023-04-11 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11737349B2 (en) 2018-12-12 2023-08-22 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11834459B2 (en) 2018-12-12 2023-12-05 Universal Display Corporation Host materials for electroluminescent devices
KR20200080741A (ko) * 2018-12-27 2020-07-07 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 표시장치
CN109768175A (zh) * 2019-01-09 2019-05-17 泉州市康电光电科技有限公司 一种qled的新型封装方法
RU194965U1 (ru) * 2019-01-10 2020-01-09 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Курская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия имени И.И. Иванова" Светодиодный осветительный прибор с цветными светодиодами
US11895853B2 (en) 2019-01-17 2024-02-06 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Organic photovoltaic device having a lateral charge transport channel
US11088325B2 (en) 2019-01-18 2021-08-10 Universal Display Corporation Organic vapor jet micro-print head with multiple gas distribution orifice plates
US11878988B2 (en) 2019-01-24 2024-01-23 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Blue phosphorescent emitters employing functionalized imidazophenthridine and analogues
US11594691B2 (en) 2019-01-25 2023-02-28 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Light outcoupling efficiency of phosphorescent OLEDs by mixing horizontally aligned fluorescent emitters
US11349099B2 (en) 2019-01-25 2022-05-31 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Method of fabricating a light emitting device having a polymer film with a specified surface rouggness
US11342526B2 (en) 2019-01-29 2022-05-24 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Hybrid organic light emitting device
US11780829B2 (en) 2019-01-30 2023-10-10 The University Of Southern California Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11812624B2 (en) 2019-01-30 2023-11-07 The University Of Southern California Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11683973B2 (en) 2019-01-31 2023-06-20 Universal Display Corporation Use of thin film metal with stable native oxide for solder wetting control
CN117402190A (zh) 2019-02-01 2024-01-16 北京夏禾科技有限公司 一种含有氰基取代配体的有机发光材料
US20200251664A1 (en) 2019-02-01 2020-08-06 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11370809B2 (en) 2019-02-08 2022-06-28 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11325932B2 (en) 2019-02-08 2022-05-10 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11773320B2 (en) 2019-02-21 2023-10-03 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11871653B2 (en) 2019-02-22 2024-01-09 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11557738B2 (en) 2019-02-22 2023-01-17 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
CN111620853B (zh) 2019-02-28 2023-07-28 北京夏禾科技有限公司 有机电致发光材料及其器件
US11512093B2 (en) 2019-03-04 2022-11-29 Universal Display Corporation Compound used for organic light emitting device (OLED), consumer product and formulation
US11739081B2 (en) 2019-03-11 2023-08-29 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11245086B2 (en) 2019-03-12 2022-02-08 Universal Display Corporation Nano-objects for purcell enhancement, out-coupling and engineering radiation pattern
US11569480B2 (en) 2019-03-12 2023-01-31 Universal Display Corporation Plasmonic OLEDs and vertical dipole emitters
US20200295291A1 (en) 2019-03-12 2020-09-17 Universal Display Corporation OLED WITH TRIPLET EMITTER AND EXCITED STATE LIFETIME LESS THAN 200 ns
US11056540B2 (en) 2019-03-12 2021-07-06 Universal Display Corporation Plasmonic PHOLED arrangement for displays
US11637261B2 (en) 2019-03-12 2023-04-25 Universal Display Corporation Nanopatch antenna outcoupling structure for use in OLEDs
US11139442B2 (en) 2019-03-12 2021-10-05 Universal Display Corporation Nanopatch antenna outcoupling structure for use in OLEDs
US11552247B2 (en) 2019-03-20 2023-01-10 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Organic vapor jet nozzle with shutter
JP2020158491A (ja) 2019-03-26 2020-10-01 ユニバーサル ディスプレイ コーポレイション 有機エレクトロルミネセンス材料及びデバイス
US11222928B2 (en) 2019-04-01 2022-01-11 Universal Display Corporation Display architecture with reduced number of data line connections
US10892016B1 (en) 2019-04-08 2021-01-12 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D memory semiconductor devices and structures
US11018156B2 (en) 2019-04-08 2021-05-25 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D memory semiconductor devices and structures
US11296106B2 (en) 2019-04-08 2022-04-05 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D memory semiconductor devices and structures
US11763864B2 (en) 2019-04-08 2023-09-19 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D memory semiconductor devices and structures with bit-line pillars
US11158652B1 (en) 2019-04-08 2021-10-26 Monolithic 3D Inc. 3D memory semiconductor devices and structures
US11639363B2 (en) 2019-04-22 2023-05-02 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11613550B2 (en) 2019-04-30 2023-03-28 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices comprising benzimidazole-containing metal complexes
US11560398B2 (en) 2019-05-07 2023-01-24 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11495756B2 (en) 2019-05-07 2022-11-08 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
CN111909212B (zh) 2019-05-09 2023-12-26 北京夏禾科技有限公司 一种含有6-硅基取代异喹啉配体的有机发光材料
CN111909214B (zh) 2019-05-09 2024-03-29 北京夏禾科技有限公司 一种含有3-氘取代异喹啉配体的有机发光材料
CN111909213B (zh) 2019-05-09 2024-02-27 北京夏禾科技有限公司 一种含有三个不同配体的金属配合物
US11827651B2 (en) 2019-05-13 2023-11-28 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11634445B2 (en) 2019-05-21 2023-04-25 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20200373360A1 (en) 2019-05-23 2020-11-26 Universal Display Corporation Oled display panel with unpatterned emissive stack
US11647667B2 (en) 2019-06-14 2023-05-09 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent compounds and organic light emitting devices using the same
KR102213343B1 (ko) * 2019-07-01 2021-02-08 한국과학기술원 다색 픽셀 어레이를 갖는 마이크로 led 디스플레이 및 그의 구동 회로와 결합에 따른 제조 방법
US11920070B2 (en) 2019-07-12 2024-03-05 The University Of Southern California Luminescent janus-type, two-coordinated metal complexes
US11825687B2 (en) 2019-07-17 2023-11-21 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Organic light emitting device
US11926638B2 (en) 2019-07-22 2024-03-12 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11685754B2 (en) 2019-07-22 2023-06-27 Universal Display Corporation Heteroleptic organic electroluminescent materials
US20210036065A1 (en) 2019-07-29 2021-02-04 Universal Display Corporation Color stable multicolor OLED device structures
US20210032278A1 (en) 2019-07-30 2021-02-04 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11708355B2 (en) 2019-08-01 2023-07-25 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11374181B2 (en) 2019-08-14 2022-06-28 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11930699B2 (en) 2019-08-15 2024-03-12 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20210047354A1 (en) 2019-08-16 2021-02-18 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
CN112430190B (zh) 2019-08-26 2023-04-18 北京夏禾科技有限公司 芳香族胺衍生物及包含其的有机电致发光器件
US11925105B2 (en) 2019-08-26 2024-03-05 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11937494B2 (en) 2019-08-28 2024-03-19 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11600787B2 (en) 2019-08-30 2023-03-07 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11820783B2 (en) 2019-09-06 2023-11-21 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11785838B2 (en) 2019-10-02 2023-10-10 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Green and red organic light-emitting diodes employing excimer emitters
US11864458B2 (en) 2019-10-08 2024-01-02 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11950493B2 (en) 2019-10-15 2024-04-02 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11697653B2 (en) 2019-10-21 2023-07-11 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
DE102019128752A1 (de) * 2019-10-24 2021-04-29 Apeva Se Verfahren zur Herstellung übereinander gestapelter OLEDs
US11919914B2 (en) 2019-10-25 2024-03-05 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11765965B2 (en) 2019-10-30 2023-09-19 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20210135130A1 (en) 2019-11-04 2021-05-06 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11889708B2 (en) 2019-11-14 2024-01-30 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
JP2021082801A (ja) 2019-11-14 2021-05-27 ユニバーサル ディスプレイ コーポレイション 有機エレクトロルミネセンス材料及びデバイス
US11903300B2 (en) 2019-11-18 2024-02-13 Universal Display Corporation Pixel configurations for high resolution OVJP printed OLED displays
US11832504B2 (en) 2019-11-25 2023-11-28 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan System and method for organic electronic device patterning
CN112909188B (zh) 2019-12-03 2023-09-01 北京夏禾科技有限公司 一种有机电致发光器件
WO2021137888A1 (en) 2020-01-03 2021-07-08 Trustees Of Boston University Microelectromechanical shutters for organic vapor jet printing
US20210217969A1 (en) 2020-01-06 2021-07-15 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
DE102021100230A1 (de) 2020-01-10 2021-07-15 Beijing Summer Sprout Technology Co., Ltd. Organisches lichtemittierendes Material
US11778895B2 (en) 2020-01-13 2023-10-03 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20220336759A1 (en) 2020-01-28 2022-10-20 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11917900B2 (en) 2020-01-28 2024-02-27 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US11932660B2 (en) 2020-01-29 2024-03-19 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
KR20230002860A (ko) 2020-04-21 2023-01-05 메르크 파텐트 게엠베하 유기 기능성 재료를 포함하는 에멀젼
DE102021110753B4 (de) 2020-04-30 2023-07-13 Beijing Summer Sprout Technology Co., Ltd. Licht emittierendes Material mit einem polycyclischen Liganden
US11751466B2 (en) 2020-05-11 2023-09-05 Universal Display Corporation Apparatus and method to deliver organic material via organic vapor jet printing (OVJP)
US11716863B2 (en) 2020-05-11 2023-08-01 Universal Display Corporation Hybrid display architecture
JP2021191744A (ja) 2020-05-19 2021-12-16 北京夏禾科技有限公司 有機発光材料
US11945985B2 (en) 2020-05-19 2024-04-02 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Metal assisted delayed fluorescent emitters for organic light-emitting diodes
CN117362298A (zh) 2020-06-05 2024-01-09 北京夏禾科技有限公司 一种电致发光材料及器件
CN113816997A (zh) 2020-06-20 2021-12-21 北京夏禾科技有限公司 一种磷光有机金属配合物及其应用
CN113816996A (zh) 2020-06-20 2021-12-21 北京夏禾科技有限公司 一种磷光有机金属配合物及其应用
GB202010090D0 (en) 2020-07-01 2020-08-12 Savvy Science Improved light emitting devices
GB202010088D0 (en) 2020-07-01 2020-08-12 Savvy Science Novel light emitting device architectures
EP3937268A1 (en) 2020-07-10 2022-01-12 Universal Display Corporation Plasmonic oleds and vertical dipole emitters
US11778889B2 (en) 2020-07-20 2023-10-03 Universal Display Corporation Height measurement and control in confined spaces for vapor deposition system
US20220020935A1 (en) 2020-07-20 2022-01-20 Beijing Summer Sprout Technology Co., Ltd. Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
CN112117356B (zh) * 2020-08-13 2021-09-17 厦门大学 一种全彩有源寻址Micro-LED芯片结构及其制作方法
US11877489B2 (en) 2020-09-29 2024-01-16 Universal Display Corporation High color gamut OLED displays
US20220112232A1 (en) 2020-10-02 2022-04-14 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20220158096A1 (en) 2020-11-16 2022-05-19 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20220162244A1 (en) 2020-11-18 2022-05-26 Beijing Summer Sprout Technology Co., Ltd. Organic electroluminescent material and device thereof
US20220165968A1 (en) 2020-11-23 2022-05-26 Beijing Summer Sprout Technology Co., Ltd. Organic electroluminescent material and device thereof
US20220162243A1 (en) 2020-11-24 2022-05-26 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20220165967A1 (en) 2020-11-24 2022-05-26 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
CN114621198A (zh) 2020-12-11 2022-06-14 北京夏禾科技有限公司 有机电致发光材料及其器件
KR20220083965A (ko) 2020-12-11 2022-06-21 베이징 썸머 스프라우트 테크놀로지 컴퍼니 리미티드 유기 전계발광재료 및 그의 소자
US11903302B2 (en) 2020-12-16 2024-02-13 Universal Display Corporation Organic vapor jet printing system
US20220271241A1 (en) 2021-02-03 2022-08-25 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20220359832A1 (en) 2021-02-06 2022-11-10 Beijing Summer Sprout Technology Co., Ltd. Organic electroluminescent device
CN114907412A (zh) 2021-02-06 2022-08-16 北京夏禾科技有限公司 有机电致发光材料及其器件
EP4060758A3 (en) 2021-02-26 2023-03-29 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
EP4059915A3 (en) 2021-02-26 2022-12-28 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20220298192A1 (en) 2021-03-05 2022-09-22 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20220298190A1 (en) 2021-03-12 2022-09-22 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20220298193A1 (en) 2021-03-15 2022-09-22 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20220340607A1 (en) 2021-04-05 2022-10-27 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
EP4075531A1 (en) 2021-04-13 2022-10-19 Universal Display Corporation Plasmonic oleds and vertical dipole emitters
US20220352478A1 (en) 2021-04-14 2022-11-03 Universal Display Corporation Organic eletroluminescent materials and devices
US20230006149A1 (en) 2021-04-23 2023-01-05 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20220407020A1 (en) 2021-04-23 2022-12-22 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20230133787A1 (en) 2021-06-08 2023-05-04 University Of Southern California Molecular Alignment of Homoleptic Iridium Phosphors
CN115666146A (zh) 2021-07-10 2023-01-31 北京夏禾科技有限公司 一种有机电致发光器件
CN117730638A (zh) 2021-08-02 2024-03-19 默克专利有限公司 通过组合油墨进行的印刷方法
US20230189629A1 (en) 2021-08-20 2023-06-15 Beijing Summer Sprout Technology Co., Ltd. Organic electroluminescent material and device thereof
EP4151699A1 (en) 2021-09-17 2023-03-22 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
EP4174078A1 (en) 2021-10-29 2023-05-03 Beijing Summer Sprout Technology Co., Ltd. Electroluminescent material and device thereof
US20230157058A1 (en) 2021-11-12 2023-05-18 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent devices
CN117343078A (zh) 2021-11-25 2024-01-05 北京夏禾科技有限公司 有机电致发光材料和器件
EP4212539A1 (en) 2021-12-16 2023-07-19 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
EP4231804A3 (en) 2022-02-16 2023-09-20 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
EP4286555A1 (en) 2022-02-23 2023-12-06 Universal Display Corporation Organic vapor jet printing system
US20230292592A1 (en) 2022-03-09 2023-09-14 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20230292605A1 (en) 2022-03-09 2023-09-14 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20230337516A1 (en) 2022-04-18 2023-10-19 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20230357918A1 (en) 2022-05-09 2023-11-09 Universal Display Corporation Organic vapor jet printing system
US20230363244A1 (en) 2022-05-09 2023-11-09 Universal Display Corporation Organic vapor jet printing system
US20230389421A1 (en) 2022-05-24 2023-11-30 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
WO2023237458A1 (en) 2022-06-07 2023-12-14 Merck Patent Gmbh Method of printing a functional layer of an electronic device by combining inks
EP4293001A1 (en) 2022-06-08 2023-12-20 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
US20230413590A1 (en) 2022-06-17 2023-12-21 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent devices
US20240016051A1 (en) 2022-06-28 2024-01-11 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
EP4335846A1 (en) 2022-06-30 2024-03-13 Beijing Summer Sprout Technology Co., Ltd. Organic electroluminescent material and device thereof
US20240107880A1 (en) 2022-08-17 2024-03-28 Universal Display Corporation Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
EP4328285A1 (en) 2022-08-25 2024-02-28 Beijing Summer Sprout Technology Co., Ltd. Organic electroluminescent material and device thereof

Family Cites Families (98)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3261844A (en) 1964-08-05 1966-07-19 Du Pont Pyrazolyl, triazolyl and tetrazolyl derivatives of group iii-a elements and their compounds with metals and preparation thereof
US3681381A (en) 1968-08-02 1972-08-01 Du Pont Symmetrical and unsymmetrical pyrazaboles
US3611069A (en) * 1969-11-12 1971-10-05 Gen Electric Multiple color light emitting diodes
JPS48102585A (zh) * 1972-04-04 1973-12-22
GB1407908A (en) * 1972-04-14 1975-10-01 Sony Corp Alpha-numeric character display devices
US3840793A (en) * 1972-08-09 1974-10-08 Giddings & Lewis Recoordination of common axis positioning
US3783353A (en) * 1972-10-27 1974-01-01 Rca Corp Electroluminescent semiconductor device capable of emitting light of three different wavelengths
US4020389A (en) 1976-04-05 1977-04-26 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Electrode construction for flexible electroluminescent lamp
JPS5541707A (en) 1978-09-16 1980-03-24 Fujitsu Ltd Multi-wavelength radiation element
US4365260A (en) * 1978-10-13 1982-12-21 University Of Illinois Foundation Semiconductor light emitting device with quantum well active region of indirect bandgap semiconductor material
US4281053A (en) 1979-01-22 1981-07-28 Eastman Kodak Company Multilayer organic photovoltaic elements
US4298769A (en) * 1979-12-14 1981-11-03 Standard Microsystems Corp. Hermetic plastic dual-in-line package for a semiconductor integrated circuit
US4291815B1 (en) * 1980-02-19 1998-09-29 Semiconductor Packaging Materi Ceramic lid assembly for hermetic sealing of a semiconductor chip
JPS5956391A (ja) 1982-09-27 1984-03-31 株式会社東芝 Ｅｌデイスプレイ装置
US4577207A (en) * 1982-12-30 1986-03-18 At&T Bell Laboratories Dual wavelength optical source
US4605942A (en) * 1984-10-09 1986-08-12 At&T Bell Laboratories Multiple wavelength light emitting devices
US4558171A (en) * 1984-10-12 1985-12-10 General Electric Company Hermetic enclosure for electronic components with an optionally transparent cover and a method of making the same
US4693777A (en) 1984-11-30 1987-09-15 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Apparatus for producing semiconductor devices
JPS61284091A (ja) * 1985-06-07 1986-12-15 アルプス電気株式会社 薄膜ｅｌ表示素子
US4900584A (en) * 1987-01-12 1990-02-13 Planar Systems, Inc. Rapid thermal annealing of TFEL panels
US4885211A (en) * 1987-02-11 1989-12-05 Eastman Kodak Company Electroluminescent device with improved cathode
US4720432A (en) 1987-02-11 1988-01-19 Eastman Kodak Company Electroluminescent device with organic luminescent medium
US4769292A (en) 1987-03-02 1988-09-06 Eastman Kodak Company Electroluminescent device with modified thin film luminescent zone
JP2814435B2 (ja) 1987-03-02 1998-10-22 イーストマン・コダック・カンパニー 改良薄膜発光帯をもつ電場発光デバイス
US4791075A (en) * 1987-10-05 1988-12-13 Motorola, Inc. Process for making a hermetic low cost pin grid array package
JPH01225092A (ja) 1988-03-04 1989-09-07 Yokogawa Electric Corp Ｅｌ発光素子の駆動方法
JPH028290A (ja) 1988-06-28 1990-01-11 Nec Corp 有機薄膜ｅｌ素子
DE69011167T2 (de) * 1989-03-31 1994-12-22 Toshiba Kawasaki Kk Anzeigeelement mit organischem Dünnschichtfilm.
JP2647194B2 (ja) * 1989-04-17 1997-08-27 住友電気工業株式会社 半導体用パッケージの封止方法
US4950950A (en) 1989-05-18 1990-08-21 Eastman Kodak Company Electroluminescent device with silazane-containing luminescent zone
US5075743A (en) * 1989-06-06 1991-12-24 Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. Quantum well optical device on silicon
US5118986A (en) 1989-06-30 1992-06-02 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Electroluminescent device
JPH0393736A (ja) 1989-09-06 1991-04-18 Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd 新規なジオレフィン芳香族化合物及びその製造方法
DE69014188T2 (de) * 1989-09-29 1995-05-18 Shinetsu Handotai Kk Vorrichtung zur Lichtemission bei mehreren Wellenlängen.
JPH03187192A (ja) 1989-12-18 1991-08-15 Seiko Epson Corp 発光素子
KR910017908A (ko) 1990-03-14 1991-11-05 이헌조 El표시소자
US5047687A (en) * 1990-07-26 1991-09-10 Eastman Kodak Company Organic electroluminescent device with stabilized cathode
US5059861A (en) * 1990-07-26 1991-10-22 Eastman Kodak Company Organic electroluminescent device with stabilizing cathode capping layer
US5315129A (en) * 1990-08-20 1994-05-24 University Of Southern California Organic optoelectronic devices and methods
JPH04137485A (ja) 1990-09-28 1992-05-12 Ricoh Co Ltd 電界発光素子
KR930010129B1 (ko) 1990-10-31 1993-10-14 주식회사 금성사 박막 el 표시소자의 제조방법 및 구조
US5231049A (en) * 1990-11-05 1993-07-27 California Institute Of Technology Method of manufacturing a distributed light emitting diode flat-screen display for use in televisions
JP2780880B2 (ja) 1990-11-28 1998-07-30 出光興産株式会社 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子および該素子を用いた発光装置
EP0566736B1 (en) 1990-11-30 1998-07-29 Idemitsu Kosan Company Limited Organic electroluminescence device
US5286296A (en) 1991-01-10 1994-02-15 Sony Corporation Multi-chamber wafer process equipment having plural, physically communicating transfer means
US5166761A (en) * 1991-04-01 1992-11-24 Midwest Research Institute Tunnel junction multiple wavelength light-emitting diodes
JPH07110940B2 (ja) 1991-06-05 1995-11-29 住友化学工業株式会社 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子
US5324604A (en) 1991-06-17 1994-06-28 Eastman Kodak Company Multi-active electrophotographic element and imaging process using free radicals as charge transport material
US5150006A (en) * 1991-08-01 1992-09-22 Eastman Kodak Company Blue emitting internal junction organic electroluminescent device (II)
US5432014A (en) 1991-11-28 1995-07-11 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Organic electroluminescent element and a method for producing the same
DE4139852A1 (de) 1991-12-03 1993-06-09 Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Wissenschaften Ev, 3400 Goettingen, De Optische einrichtung mit einem lumineszenten material und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
US5416494A (en) 1991-12-24 1995-05-16 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Electroluminescent display
US5294870A (en) * 1991-12-30 1994-03-15 Eastman Kodak Company Organic electroluminescent multicolor image display device
US5294869A (en) * 1991-12-30 1994-03-15 Eastman Kodak Company Organic electroluminescent multicolor image display device
US5276380A (en) 1991-12-30 1994-01-04 Eastman Kodak Company Organic electroluminescent image display device
US5343050A (en) 1992-01-07 1994-08-30 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Organic electroluminescent device with low barrier height
US5429884A (en) * 1992-01-17 1995-07-04 Pioneer Electronic Corporation Organic electroluminescent element
US5456988A (en) 1992-01-31 1995-10-10 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Organic electroluminescent device having improved durability
JP3454532B2 (ja) 1992-03-31 2003-10-06 三洋電機株式会社 電界発光素子
US5275698A (en) 1992-03-09 1994-01-04 Hercules Incorporated Enhancement of tissue paper softness with minimal effect on strength
DE69305262T2 (de) 1992-07-13 1997-04-30 Eastman Kodak Co Einen inneren Übergang aufweisende organisch elektrolumineszierende Vorrichtung mit einer neuen Zusammensetzung
JPH0668977A (ja) 1992-08-13 1994-03-11 Konica Corp 多色電界発光表示装置
US5391896A (en) * 1992-09-02 1995-02-21 Midwest Research Institute Monolithic multi-color light emission/detection device
US5449564A (en) 1992-10-29 1995-09-12 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Organic electroluminescent element having improved durability
JP3300069B2 (ja) * 1992-11-19 2002-07-08 パイオニア株式会社 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子
JPH06212153A (ja) 1993-01-14 1994-08-02 Toyo Ink Mfg Co Ltd 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子
JP3253404B2 (ja) 1993-03-25 2002-02-04 三洋電機株式会社 電界発光素子
US5329540A (en) 1993-03-31 1994-07-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Silicate gel dye laser
JPH06302383A (ja) * 1993-04-16 1994-10-28 Sharp Corp Ｅｌ素子および液晶表示装置
JP3234936B2 (ja) 1993-08-20 2001-12-04 松下電器産業株式会社 有機発光素子および画像表示装置
JP2642849B2 (ja) 1993-08-24 1997-08-20 株式会社フロンテック 薄膜の製造方法および製造装置
GB9317932D0 (en) * 1993-08-26 1993-10-13 Cambridge Display Tech Ltd Electroluminescent devices
JP3332491B2 (ja) 1993-08-27 2002-10-07 三洋電機株式会社 有機ｅｌ素子
JP3534445B2 (ja) 1993-09-09 2004-06-07 隆一 山本 ポリチオフェンを用いたｅｌ素子
US5405709A (en) * 1993-09-13 1995-04-11 Eastman Kodak Company White light emitting internal junction organic electroluminescent device
US5449432A (en) 1993-10-25 1995-09-12 Applied Materials, Inc. Method of treating a workpiece with a plasma and processing reactor having plasma igniter and inductive coupler for semiconductor fabrication
US5405710A (en) * 1993-11-22 1995-04-11 At&T Corp. Article comprising microcavity light sources
US5409783A (en) * 1994-02-24 1995-04-25 Eastman Kodak Company Red-emitting organic electroluminescent device
US5598059A (en) 1994-04-28 1997-01-28 Planar Systems, Inc. AC TFEL device having a white light emitting multilayer phosphor
KR100350817B1 (ko) 1994-05-16 2003-01-24 코닌클리케 필립스 일렉트로닉스 엔.브이. 유기반도체물질로형성된반도체장치
US5478658A (en) * 1994-05-20 1995-12-26 At&T Corp. Article comprising a microcavity light source
US5834130A (en) 1994-05-26 1998-11-10 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Organic electroluminescent device
US5424560A (en) * 1994-05-31 1995-06-13 Motorola, Inc. Integrated multicolor organic led array
KR0146491B1 (ko) 1994-09-16 1998-10-01 양승택 적층구조로 구성된 유기고분자 전계발광소자
US5486406A (en) 1994-11-07 1996-01-23 Motorola Green-emitting organometallic complexes for use in light emitting devices
US5707745A (en) 1994-12-13 1998-01-13 The Trustees Of Princeton University Multicolor organic light emitting devices
US5552547A (en) 1995-02-13 1996-09-03 Shi; Song Q. Organometallic complexes with built-in fluorescent dyes for use in light emitting devices
US5663573A (en) 1995-03-17 1997-09-02 The Ohio State University Bipolar electroluminescent device
US5617445A (en) 1995-06-07 1997-04-01 Picolight Incorporated Quantum cavity light emitting element
US5719467A (en) 1995-07-27 1998-02-17 Hewlett-Packard Company Organic electroluminescent device
US5641611A (en) 1995-08-21 1997-06-24 Motorola Method of fabricating organic LED matrices
US5672938A (en) 1995-09-29 1997-09-30 Fed Corporation Light emission device comprising light emitting organic material and electron injection enhancement structure
US5583350A (en) * 1995-11-02 1996-12-10 Motorola Full color light emitting diode display assembly
US5834893A (en) 1996-12-23 1998-11-10 The Trustees Of Princeton University High efficiency organic light emitting devices with light directing structures
US5994835A (en) 1997-01-13 1999-11-30 Xerox Corporation Thin film organic light emitting diode with edge emitter waveguide and electron injection layer
US5757139A (en) 1997-02-03 1998-05-26 The Trustees Of Princeton University Driving circuit for stacked organic light emitting devices
US5917280A (en) 1997-02-03 1999-06-29 The Trustees Of Princeton University Stacked organic light emitting devices
US5881089A (en) 1997-05-13 1999-03-09 Lucent Technologies Inc. Article comprising an organic laser

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102516719B (zh) * 2000-06-12 2016-03-23 住友化学株式会社 聚合物基质电致发光材料及装置
CN102516720A (zh) * 2000-06-12 2012-06-27 住友化学株式会社 聚合物基质电致发光材料及装置
CN102516719A (zh) * 2000-06-12 2012-06-27 住友化学株式会社 聚合物基质电致发光材料及装置
CN103087477B (zh) * 2000-06-12 2017-04-12 住友化学株式会社 聚合物基质电致发光材料及装置
CN100392873C (zh) * 2001-12-07 2008-06-04 张修恒 叠置晶片全彩色发光二极管的封装结构及方法
CN100454594C (zh) * 2005-08-11 2009-01-21 璨圆光电股份有限公司 发光二极管元件及其驱动方法
US7965028B2 (en) 2007-12-12 2011-06-21 Au Optronics Corporation White light emitting device and producing method thereof
CN104769149A (zh) * 2012-11-06 2015-07-08 Oti领英有限公司 用于在表面上沉积导电覆层的方法
US11145771B2 (en) 2012-11-06 2021-10-12 Oti Lumionics Inc. Method for depositing a conductive coating on a surface
CN104769149B (zh) * 2012-11-06 2018-05-22 Oti领英有限公司 用于在表面上沉积导电覆层的方法
US11764320B2 (en) 2012-11-06 2023-09-19 Oti Lumionics Inc. Method for depositing a conductive coating on a surface
US11532763B2 (en) 2012-11-06 2022-12-20 Oti Lumionics Inc. Method for depositing a conductive coating on a surface
US10439081B2 (en) 2012-11-06 2019-10-08 Oti Lumionics Inc. Method for depositing a conductive coating on a surface
CN105165122A (zh) * 2013-05-01 2015-12-16 柯尼卡美能达株式会社 有机电致发光元件
US9899598B2 (en) 2013-05-01 2018-02-20 Konica Minolta, Inc. Organic electroluminescent element
CN104752550A (zh) * 2013-12-31 2015-07-01 爱思开海力士有限公司 具有光学收发器的半导体封装件
CN104752550B (zh) * 2013-12-31 2017-12-12 爱思开海力士有限公司 具有光学收发器的半导体封装件
CN105826478B (zh) * 2015-01-26 2018-01-16 财团法人工业技术研究院 发光元件
US9704924B2 (en) 2015-01-26 2017-07-11 Industrial Technology Research Institute Light emitting device
CN105826478A (zh) * 2015-01-26 2016-08-03 财团法人工业技术研究院 发光元件
CN105826479A (zh) * 2015-01-26 2016-08-03 财团法人工业技术研究院 发光元件
US10355246B2 (en) 2015-12-16 2019-07-16 Oti Lumionics Inc. Barrier coating for opto-electronics devices
US9741959B1 (en) 2016-02-19 2017-08-22 Industrial Technology Research Institute Light emitting device
US10170666B2 (en) 2016-04-04 2019-01-01 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. LED light source module and display device
US10475957B2 (en) 2016-04-04 2019-11-12 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. LED light source module and display device
CN107342352A (zh) * 2016-04-04 2017-11-10 三星电子株式会社 发光二极管光源模块和显示设备
CN105914279A (zh) * 2016-06-28 2016-08-31 无锡宏纳科技有限公司 一种底部发光的二极管
US11152587B2 (en) 2016-08-15 2021-10-19 Oti Lumionics Inc. Light transmissive electrode for light emitting devices
CN108865819A (zh) * 2017-05-08 2018-11-23 广州康昕瑞基因健康科技有限公司 基因测序反应小室
CN110785841A (zh) * 2017-11-27 2020-02-11 首尔伟傲世有限公司 用于显示器的led单元和具有该led单元的显示设备
CN110770920A (zh) * 2017-12-20 2020-02-07 首尔伟傲世有限公司 用于显示器的led单元和具有其的显示设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19581862T1 (de) 1997-12-11
FR2732480B1 (fr) 1999-02-19
US5707745A (en) 1998-01-13
US6030700A (en) 2000-02-29
FR2732480A1 (fr) 1996-10-04
CN1293425A (zh) 2001-05-02
JP2001273979A (ja) 2001-10-05
ATE220246T1 (de) 2002-07-15
US6365270B2 (en) 2002-04-02
US20010014391A1 (en) 2001-08-16
US5721160A (en) 1998-02-24
FR2728082A1 (fr) 1996-06-14
DE69527308D1 (de) 2002-08-08
EP0808244B1 (en) 2002-07-03
FR2728082B1 (fr) 1999-05-28
GB2313478A (en) 1997-11-26
JP4053734B2 (ja) 2008-02-27
KR100419020B1 (ko) 2004-06-26
EP1119059A3 (en) 2002-07-31
WO1996019792A3 (en) 1996-08-29
CA2206769A1 (en) 1996-06-27
EP0808244A2 (en) 1997-11-26
DE69527308T2 (de) 2003-03-06
GB9712218D0 (en) 1997-08-13
EP0808244A4 (en) 1998-04-29
BR9510076A (pt) 1997-12-30
EP1119059A2 (en) 2001-07-25
IT1277977B1 (it) 1997-11-12
AU690413B2 (en) 1998-04-23
FR2732481B1 (fr) 1999-02-19
PL320750A1 (en) 1997-10-27
MX9704442A (es) 1998-07-31
ES2117590A1 (es) 1998-08-01
AR001331A1 (es) 1997-10-22
NO972706L (no) 1997-08-11
WO1996019792A2 (en) 1996-06-27
FI972176A0 (fi) 1997-05-21
TW294842B (zh) 1997-01-01
CN1236410C (zh) 2006-01-11
RU2160470C2 (ru) 2000-12-10
KR987000634A (ko) 1998-03-30
FR2732481A1 (fr) 1996-10-04
ES2117590B1 (es) 1999-03-01
JP3496681B2 (ja) 2004-02-16
GB2313478B (en) 1999-04-14
ITMI952610A0 (zh) 1995-12-13
US5757026A (en) 1998-05-26
CN1096936C (zh) 2002-12-25
AU4509396A (en) 1996-07-10
PL179550B1 (pl) 2000-09-29
CN1291068A (zh) 2001-04-11
ITMI952610A1 (it) 1997-06-13
NO972706D0 (no) 1997-06-12
JPH10503878A (ja) 1998-04-07
FI972176A (fi) 1997-07-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1096936C (zh) 多色有机发光装置及其制法
KR100457498B1 (ko) 유기성발광장치의구조
US7901795B2 (en) OLEDs doped with phosphorescent compounds
JP3841695B2 (ja) 有機ｅｌ素子及び有機ｅｌディスプレイ
US9385168B2 (en) High resolution low power consumption OLED display with extended lifetime
US9424772B2 (en) High resolution low power consumption OLED display with extended lifetime
US10374017B2 (en) High resolution low power consumption OLED display with extended lifetime
JP2005267990A (ja) 有機発光表示装置
JP3886607B2 (ja) 有機ｅｌディスプレイ
JP6146415B2 (ja) 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、照明装置及び表示装置
JP4343511B2 (ja) 多色発光素子
KR20050050556A (ko) 발광셀, 발광셀을 갖는 발광장치, 발광유닛, 발광유닛을갖는 발광장치, 발광장치용 프레임, 및 발광셀의 제조 방법
WO2006098209A1 (ja) 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子材料、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、照明装置及び表示装置
JP2000021579A (ja) 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス表示素子用基板及びその製造方泡並びにそれを用いた有機エレクトロルミネッセンス表示素子
JP2004014385A (ja) 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子
JP2011151108A (ja) 有機電界発光素子
MXPA97004442A (en) Organic devices emitters of light of colorsmultip

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
CX01 Expiry of patent term

Granted publication date: 20021225

EXPY Termination of patent right or utility model