CN1178498C - 无线通讯中视频位流数据的差错控制方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种按照用于通过无线信道的多媒体通讯中的数据划分技术,对编码视频位流数据进行差错控制的方法。该方法包括将视频位流数据划分成信息项单元并编码,计算每个划分单元的检查和,以此构造数据包,以及接收该数据包并根据检查和检查编码视频位流数据的每个划分单元中是否有差错。通过计算每个划分单元的检查和,当视频位流数据的特定区域发生错误时,可有效地检测出各个分段视频位流数据项的错误,使得不丢弃整个视频位流分组而使用部分数据成为可能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及视频位流的差错控制法,更具体说,涉及应用于通过无线信道的多媒体通讯中,按照数据分段技术编码视频位流的差错控制法。
背景技术
当有线通讯媒体应用于多媒体数据通讯如视频位流数据时,因通讯媒体的稳定性,传输差错率非常低。然而,因无线媒体的特性,在无线通讯中传输差错率高于有线通讯的差错率。因此,为保证传输数据可靠性所进行的差错控制在无线多媒体通讯中十分重要。因而,出于对在多路传输各种多媒体数据中的差错恢复能力的考虑,设计了通用的国际电信联盟电信标准节(ITU-T)H.223。然而,在通用的ITU-TH.223标准中,没有考虑到视频位流数据的其它差错恢复能力。
附图1简要展示了通用H.223标准中对视频位流数据进行分组的多路传输方法。
如附图1所示,按通用的技术,从用于诸如H.263或MPEG-4这样的H.324M的视频编译码器接收视频位流数据10时,H.223标准的适配层-2(AL-2)由在其中信息头11被插入从视频编译码器接收的视频位流数据10a的部分,和在其中16位循环冗余码(CRC)12多路传输和构成传输分组的目的加入视频位流数据10a的部分构成。
这里,信息头11包含关于视频位流数据全部长度的信息、分组号以及用作保护信息头的信息项的信息。用来确定分组中差错的检查和的CRC12通过对输入的完整视频位流执行多项式运算计算出。
根据上述方法,以通用的H.223标准构成的分组,通过通讯媒体传输至目的地,当接收到的分组在目的地多路分解时,受到检查的是接收到的分组的CRC值是否与传输的数据的CRC一致。当没有CRC差错时,整个视频位流数据被用来解码。当具有CRC差错时,整个视频位流数据不被用来解码,并且丢弃整个视频位流数据。
因此,按照通用的方法,当通讯信道中发生错误时,例如使用无线信道,因数据包丢失增加造成图像质量不断变劣。具体说,在使用数据分段技术对视频位流数据编码的情况下,在特定划分区域上未发生差错的数据不能使用。
发明内容
为了解决上述的问题,本发明的一个目的是为在无线多媒体通讯中的视频位流数据提供一种有效的差错控制方法,该方法中循环冗余码按照数据分段技术被加入视频位流数据编码的每个划分区域中。
为了达到第一个目的,根据本发明的一个方面,本发明提供了一种关于无线多媒体通讯中使用的视频位流数据的差错控制法,包括以下步骤:(a)将视频位流数据划分成具有一定特性的信息项单元,并编码该视频位流数据,(b)计算用于控制编码视频位流数据的每个划分单元的差错的检查和,(c)构成数据包,在该数据包中每个在步骤(b)中计算出的检查和被加入编码视频位流数据,并通过无线通讯信道传输该数据包,以及(d)接收在步骤(c)中传输的数据包,并经由编码视频位流数据的每个划分单元的检查和检查编码视频位流数据的每个划分单元中是否有差错。
根据本发明的另一个方面提供的一种在无线多媒体通讯中视频位流数据的差错控制方法,该方法使用的数据包通过向每个视频位流数据的划分单元加入供差错控制的检查和构造,所述视频位流数据划分成具有一定特性的信息项单元并对其进行编码,包括步骤:(a)接收数据包和(b)经由编码视频位流数据的每个划分单元的检查和检查编码视频位流数据的每个划分单元中是否存在差错。
根据本发明的一个方面提供的一种构造数据包的方法,该数据包用来对在无线多媒体通讯中使用的视频位流数据的差错进行控制,所述方法包括:(a)接收被划分成具有一定特性的信息项单元并编码视频位流数据,(b)计算用于控制编码视频位流数据的每个划分单元中的差错的检查和,和(c)通过向编码视频位流数据加入步骤(b)中计算的检查和构造数据包。
附图说明
通过参照附图对本发明的优选实施例进行详细解释,上述发明目的和本发明的优点将变得更为明确,其中:
图1示范性地展示了以常规的H.223标准对视频位流数据分组的多路传输法;
图2示范性地展示了根据本发明的一个实施例对视频位流数据分组的多路传输法;
图3展示了按照数据分段技术,在视频位流编码中用来对数据分段区域归类的标记发生差错的情况;
图4是流程图,描述了根据本发明的一个实施例关于无线多媒体通讯中视频位流数据的差错控制法。
图2示范性地展示了根据本发明的实施例的用于分组视频位流数据的多路传输法。
具体实施方式
如图2所示,本发明的实施例应用于编码视频位流数据被划分成每项均具有一定特性的数据项的情况。在本实施例中,当依照H.263或MPEG-4数据划分方式编码的视频位流数据20在H.223的适配层-2中被接受和多路传输时,检查和,也就是循环冗余码对于每个分段区域被计算出来,和各自的CRC被插入传输数据包。在本实施例中,H.263或MPEG-4被当作对视频数据编码的方法的一个例子,H-223被当作对多媒体数据进行多路传输的方法的一个例子。然而,本发明不局限于这些。再者,CRC被当作检查和的一个例子。然而,本发明也能够应用于各种用来控制差错的检查和的方法。
图2展示了一种情形,在该情形中按照H.263或MPEG-4数据分段方式编码视频位流数据20由3个分段区域21、23和25构造。这里,各个分段区域由预先设定的标记22和24相互分隔。在保持各个分段区域21a、23a和25a以及各个标记22a和24a的同时,输入的视频位流数据20被封装或集中成传输数据包。信息头26和与各自的分段区域对应的的CRC27a、27b和27c被加入视频位流数据20,以便构造完整的传输数据包28。
在现行H.223 AL-2中,CRC字段的长度是16位。所以,为了保持与通用的H.223标准兼容,不论视频编译码器是什么特定的分段方法,只要它能应用于本实施例,那么在本发明的实施例中的整个CRC字段最好保持16位。在数据处于应用现行H.263进行分段的模式情况下,因为视频位流数据被编码为三个分段区域,所以在本实施例中,考虑到与通用的H.223标准兼容,三个分段区域中的每一个的CRC的位长度可以是L、M和N位的组合(这里L、M和N是正整数,它们的总和等于16)。例如L、M和N可以为4位、4位和8位。在数据处于MPEG-4分段的模式情况下,因为视频位流数据被编码为两个分段区域,所以在本实施例中,考虑到与通用的H.223标准兼容,两个分段区域中的每一个的CRC的位长度可以是M和N位的组合(这里M和N是正整数,它们的总和等于16)。例如M和N可以是8位和8位。
然而,4位、4位和8位的组合以及8位和8位的组合是举例性的,本领域普通技术人员可以根据每个分段区域的长度或每个分段区域的重要性,通过对位的各种组合修改本发明的CRC。再者,本领域普通技术人员能够为具有特定长度的CRC选择适当的多项式运算符。例如,在CRC是4位的情况时,可以使用通过等式1得到的运算符p(x)。
P(x)=x^4+x^2+x+1 ...(1)
在CRC是4位的情况时,可以使用通过等式得到的运算符p(x)。
P(x)=x^8+x^2+x+1 ...(2)
考虑到与常用系统的兼容性,通过按顺序地相互组合各个CRC字段所获得的整体CRC最好插入通用的CRC的位置。即,因为当前的CRC字段位于数据包的尾部,最好是把根据本实施例的各个分段区域的各CRC相互按顺序组合,组合的结果加入数据包的最后字段。
根据本实施例的差错控制法将参照图4进行描述。图4是流程图,对根据本发明的一个实施例的用于无线多媒体通讯中的视频位流数据的差错控制法进行了描述。
当按照H.263或MPEG-4数据分段方式的视频位流数据输入时(步骤40),用作控制差错的CRC在每个分段区域中被独立地计算(步骤41)。
这里,为了计算每个分段区域中的CRC,每个分段区域的边界必须能够被确定。因而,当按照在步骤40中的数据分段方法对视频位流数据编码时,各个分段区域依靠特定的标记互相区分开,在步骤41中当计算每个分段区域的CRC时,每个分段区域靠这样的标记确定。
一个传输分组由图2(步骤42)描述的方法构造。这里,如上所述,最好把用来控制差错的各个分段区域各CRC相互组合,组合结果加入分组的尾端。
如上所述构造的分组通过无线信道传输至目的地,在目的地接收被传输的分组(步骤43和44)。
在目的地收到的分组被多路分路供解码,接收到的视频位流的CRC字段在多路分路的视频位流输入解码器之前得到检查(步骤45)。即,当在目的地计算出的视频位流的CRC与接收到的CRC字段的值相等时,接收到的数据中确定为没有差错,解码程序被运行。然而,当在目的地计算出的视频位流的CRC与接收到的CRC字段的值不相等时,接收到的数据中确定为存在差错,相应的视频位流被丢弃或者能被解码的部分被分离地利用。
由于本发明中使用数据分段技术编码传输数据,因此能够更有效地使用每个分段区域的CRC。即,当通过检测每个分段区域的CRC而确定差错仅仅在视频位流的特定部分发生时,整体视频位流不丢弃,并且不发生差错的部分可以使用。
一般情况下,当使用数据分段技术时,只有当用作互相区分各个分段区域的标记不存在差错时才能进行解码。即,甚至当每个分段区域没有差错而标记中存在差错,也就是标记不能被发现时,不存在差错的区域不能被使用。然而,这样的问题在本实施例中能够得到解决,在本实施例中,并不是整个视频数据的CRC而是一部分视频数据的CRC被计算出来。在本实施例中用于解决标记错误引发的问题的方法将得到描述。
图3展示了这一种情形,在该情形中,在按照数据分段技术编码视频位流中用来相互区分数据分段区域一个标记发生了差错。图3展示了一种情形,在该情形中视频位流30的各个分段区域32、34和36中不存在差错,并且在该情形中用来相互区分分段区域的标记33发生了差错。为了解释的方便,假设信息头31和CRC37a、37b和37c中不存在差错。
一般说来,当从开头至确定部分执行解码时,没有检测到标记时,全部视频位流数据都不能使用。然而,因为在本实施例中CRC是在每个分段区域中计算的,当特定的标记33未被发现时,对应的的分段区域顺序地解码,对应的分段区域的CRC被计算。当对应的分段区域的CRC等于对应的CRC字段的值时,对应的分段区域的解码停止,位流靠标记的长度得到处理,然后,下一个分段区域的位流被解码。所以,按照本发明,仅仅因为标记存在差错整个视频位流不能使用的情况可以避免。
根据本发明,通过计算出按照数据分段技术编码视频位流数据的各个分段区域的CRC,当视频位流数据的特定区域发生错误时,有效地检测出各个分段视频位流数据项的错误,不丢弃整个视频位流分组而使用部分数据已成为可能。因而,根据本发明,更有效地传输视频位流数据已成为可能。再者,仅仅因为标记存在差错整个视频位流不能使用的情况可以避免。
本发明的实施例能编成程序,该程序能由计算机执行。这样的程序能从计算机可读的记录介质读取,并由通用数字计算机系统执行。这样的记录介质包括磁性存储媒体如ROM、软盘和硬盘,光学读取媒体如CD-ROM和DVD,以及载波如通过国际互联网传输。
尽管这一发明已经被详尽地展示并借助其优选的实施例描述,本领域普通技术人员应该懂得,在不偏离如所附权利要求限定的发明范围和精神下,可以对形式和细节作出各种变化。
Claims (11)
1.一种对无线多媒体通讯中使用的视频位流数据进行差错控制的方法,包括的步骤为:
(a)将视频位流数据划分成具有一定特性的信息项单元,并将视频位流数据编码;
(b)计算供编码视频位流数据的每个划分单元控制差错的检查和;
(c)构造数据包,其中每个在步骤(b)中计算出的检查和被加入编码视频位流数据并通过无线通讯信道传输数据包;以及
(d)接收在步骤(c)中传输的数据包,并经由编码视频位流数据的每个划分单元的检查和检查编码视频位流数据的每个划分单元中是否有差错。
2.根据权利要求1的方法,其特征在于在步骤(a)中视频位流数据划分成两个区域并被编码,
在步骤(b)中,当N和M是预先确定的第1个和第2个正整数,并且N和M的总和是16时,按照N位和M位计算供编码视频位流数据的两个划分单元控制差错的检查和。
3.根据权利要求2的方法,其特征在于在步骤(b)中按8位计算供编码视频位流数据的两个划分单元控制差错的每个检查和。
4.根据权利要求1的方法,其特征在于在步骤(a)中视频位流数据划分成三个区域并被编码,和
在步骤(b)中,按照L位、M位和N位计算供编码视频位流数据的三个划分单元控制差错的检查和,其中L、M和N是预先确定的第1个,第2个和第3个正整数,L、M和N的总和是16。
5.根据权利要求4的方法,其特征在于步骤(b)中按照4位、4位和8位计算供编码视频位流数据的三个划分单元控制差错的检查和。
6.根据权利要求1的方法,其特征在于步骤(a)中用预先确定的标记互相区分编码视频位流数据的划分单元,和
其中步骤(b)中使用标记来得出编码视频位流数据的划分单元,以便计算供编码视频位流数据的每个划分单元控制差错的检查和。
7.一种构造数据包的方法,该数据包用来对在无线多媒体通讯中使用视频位流数据的进行差错控制,包括的步骤为:
(a)接收视频位流数据,该视频位流数据划分成具有一定特性的信息项单元并对其进行编码;
(b)计算出检查和供编码视频位流数据的每个划分单元控制差错,和
(c)通过向视频位流数据加入步骤(b)中计算出的每个检查和构造数据包。
8.根据权利要求7的方法,其特征在于步骤(c)中按照编码视频位流数据的划分单元的次序顺序地互相组合检查和,组合结果加入编码视频位流数据。
9.根据权利要求8的方法,其特征在于步骤(c)中顺序地组合的检查和被置于分组的最后一个字段。
10.一种在无线多媒体通讯中视频位流数据的差错控制方法,该方法使用的数据包通过向每个视频位流数据的划分单元加入供差错控制的检查和构造,所述视频位流数据划分成具有一定特性的信息项单元并对其进行编码,包括的步骤为:
(a)接收数据包;和
(b)经由编码视频位流数据的每个划分单元的检查和检查编码视频位流数据的每个划分单元中是否存在差错。
11.根据权利要求10的方法,其特征在于在步骤(a)中接收的数据包,其中编码视频位流数据的划分单元通过预先确定的标记互相区分,和
其中步骤(b)中依靠标记来得出接受数据包的视频位流数据的划分单元,发生特定的标记不能找到的情形时,对应的分段区域的检查和被顺序地计算出,当对应的分段区域的检查和等于在对应的分段区域中的对应的检查和字段时,位流靠标记的长度得到处理,然后,检查下一个分段区域中是否有差错。
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KR1019990042498A KR100677070B1 (ko) | 1999-10-02 | 1999-10-02 | 무선 멀티미디어 통신에서의 비디오 비트스트림 데이터의 오류 제어방법 및 이를 위한 기록 매체 |
KR42498/1999 | 1999-10-02 |
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US (1) | US6757851B1 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100677070B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1178498C (zh) |
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SE (1) | SE524060C2 (zh) |
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US6757851B1 (en) | 2004-06-29 |
KR100677070B1 (ko) | 2007-02-01 |
FI117739B (fi) | 2007-01-31 |
SE524060C2 (sv) | 2004-06-22 |
SE0003415D0 (sv) | 2000-09-25 |
FI20002174A0 (fi) | 2000-10-02 |
KR20010035772A (ko) | 2001-05-07 |
FI20002174A (fi) | 2001-04-03 |
SE0003415L (sv) | 2001-04-03 |
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