CN1207625A - 用于国际化标准的手动邻接替代路由选择 - Google Patents

用于国际化标准的手动邻接替代路由选择 Download PDF

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CN1207625A
CN1207625A CN98106691A CN98106691A CN1207625A CN 1207625 A CN1207625 A CN 1207625A CN 98106691 A CN98106691 A CN 98106691A CN 98106691 A CN98106691 A CN 98106691A CN 1207625 A CN1207625 A CN 1207625A
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CN1115841C (zh
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T·J·亨奈巴尔
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M (DGP1) Ltd
Ericsson AB
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GPT Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q3/00Selecting arrangements
    • H04Q3/64Distributing or queueing
    • H04Q3/66Traffic distributors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/16Time-division multiplex systems in which the time allocation to individual channels within a transmission cycle is variable, e.g. to accommodate varying complexity of signals, to vary number of channels transmitted
    • H04J3/1605Fixed allocated frame structures
    • H04J3/1611Synchronous digital hierarchy [SDH] or SONET
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/02Topology update or discovery
    • H04L45/04Interdomain routing, e.g. hierarchical routing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/28Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using route fault recovery
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13141Hunting for free outlet, circuit or channel
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13167Redundant apparatus
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13367Hierarchical multiplexing, add-drop multiplexing

Abstract

在包括多个中间系统(IS)的基于同步数字系列(SDH)的通信网中,在至少一个IS-IS区域和至少一个非IS-IS区域之间划分IS,在IS-IS区域中提供包括在区域之间为消息选择路由的构成开放系统互连的网络层(层3)部分的路由选择协议,提供了一种方法,其中,在IS-IS区域中的IS形成静态路由(人工邻接(MA)),指向到非IS-IS区域中一个或多个网络设备(NE)组的路由,并且其中在一条到一个组的链路上或一个组中出现故障并且从IS-IS区域到非IS-IS区域的消息被环回到始发IS-IS区域时,消息从其开始环回的NE的标识被从相应的MA中删除以允许消息选择路由通过替代的MA。

Description

用于国际化标准的手动邻接替代路由选择
同步数字系列(SDH)设备是用于在电话交换机之间提供高带宽通信能力以及在要求高质量通信的其它领域的最新一代设备(广播视频分布等)。设备承载能力业务量的内在意义是数据通信信道(DCC)。这些信道构成使用OSI协议的数据通信网络。
每一个设备构成由数据信道组成的数据通信网中的一个路由节点,并可以使用多种不同路由选择方法中的任意一种。本发明涉及两种可能的路由选择方法的相互作用。
将在SDH网络中同时存在的两种路由选择方法是IS-IS(ISO10589)和伪-静态路由选择(在链路故障时可以选择替代的路由)。出现这种情况时,可以引起使通信丢失的路由回路。本发明检测路由回路的形成并因此改变IS-IS节点的行为。
根据本发明提供了一个包括多个中间系统(IS)的基于同步数字系列(SDH)的通信网,在至少一个IS-IS区域和至少一个非IS-IS区域之间划分IS,在IS-IS区域中提供包括在区域之间为消息选择路由的构成开放系统互连的网络层(层3)部分的路由选择协议,提高了一种方法,其中,在IS-IS区域中的IS形成静态路由(人工邻接(MA))指向到非IS-IS区域中一个或多个网络设备组的路由,并且其中在到一个组的一条链路上或一个组中出现故障并且从IS-IS区域到非IS-IS区域的消息被环回到始发IS-IS区域,消息从其开始环回的NE的标识被从相应的MAS中删除,以允许消息选择路由通过替代的MAS。
将通过举例参考附图描述本发明,图中说明了在IS-IS路由选择域和非IS-IS(静态)路由选择子域之间的连接。
IS-IS路由选择协议是一组“链路状态”动态路由选择协议之一。这些协议沿数据通信网自动分配路由选择信息,允许节点从实际网络学习所需的路由选择信息。这提高了自动重新配置的能力,在网络链路故障的情况下允许沿网络的路由选择出现故障。
IS-IS路由选择协议有两个路由选择层,层-1和层-2。这些层的应用和这个协议的概况见图2(来自ISO 10589)
本发明也可以用于其它数据通信环境,其中动态路由选择协议和静态路由选择协议或另一个不同的动态路由选择协议交互作用(e.g.OSPF和静态路由)。
参考:
ISO/IEC 10598:1992(E)
信息技术-系统间的通信和信息交换-结合提供无连接模式网络业务(ISO 8473)协议使用的中间系统到中间系统的域内路由选择信息交换。
术语:
区域-一个IS-IS层1路由选择子域
ES-端系统-这些系统向其它系统传送NPDU并从其它系统接收NPDU,但不中继NPDU。
IS-中间系统(一个节点,数据将从其选择路由到另一个IS或到端系统(ES))
IS-IS-IS域内路由选择协议(见参考文献)
MA-人工邻接。
NE-网络单元
NPDU-网络层协议数据单元
NSAP-网络层业务接入点(层3地址)
OSI-开放系统互连
SID-系统ID-NSAP的一部分
路由器-一个IS运行IS-IS
层1中间系统从其它系统接收或向其它系统发送NPDU,并从其它源系统向其它目的系统中继NPDU。它们直接选择路由到其本身区域中的系统,并在目的系统在一个不同的区域中时选择路由到层2中间系统。
层2中间系统除了作为包括层2 IS的子域中的系统外还作为层1中间系统。层2子域中的系统选择路由到目的区域或另一个路由选择区域。
对于目的为位于非IS-IS子域中的NE上的NSAP的NPDU的路由选择参考NPDU路由选择。
IS-IS是一种动态,基于链路状态的路由选择协议,它可以被包括作为OSI参考模型的网络层(层3)部分。为了达到本文献的目的,IS运行IS-IS将被称为路由器。
路由器可以参加到两层的路由选择:
i)  层1-用于在区域内的路由选择
ii) 层2-用于在区域间的路由选择
层1的路由器提供进入动态路由的能力以允许使用层1路由选择到非IS-IS NE。这种动态路由选择叫作人工邻接(MA)并用于指向单个NE或一组NE。具有配置的MA的层1路由器传播在其层1链路状态信息中的MA细节。因此所有层1路由器获得有关MA在层1子域中配置的全部信息。
当MA被用于指向一组NE时,由于组中的内部链路故障而引起的非IS-IS组中的路由选择故障可以使信息环回到包括MA的IS-ISNE。然后这个NE应该把信息发送回到非IS-IS组(它来自的地方),引起一条路由回路,随后丢失通信信息(NPDU将不断环回直到其生命周期结束并被删除)。在这种情况下从IS-IS域到非IS-IS NE的这个组的第二个连接将无益处。
在图1中:
1.节点1&5是IS-IS路由器。
2.节点2-4是非IS-IS路由器。
3.MA用于节点1&5,每个MA包括节点2-4的系统ID。
4.节点2&3之间的链路已中断。
5.由于IS-IS域的最短路径路由选择节点2-4的路由选择经
过节点1。
在现有ISO 10589的情况下,路由选择是从节点1到节点4,节点2将消息返回到节点1,由于MA节点1又将其返回到节点2。消息继续在节点1&2之间环回直到其生命周期结束并且被删除为至。
当MA被用于选路到非IS-IS NE组时,MA替代路由选择提供了弹性,允许从使用IS-IS域和非IS-IS NE组之间的多连接获得的益处。通过控制宣传人工邻接(Manual Adjacencies)的状态可获得弹性。当检测到由于非IS-IS组的链路中断而产生的消息环回时,消息在其“环回”的NE的ID被从IS-IS层1宣传进程中删除(链路状态信息)。这允许替代域间连接中的MA被选择。
指向NE组的人工邻接包括非IS-IS NE的系统ID列表(整个NSAP的一部分),MA还包括将被用于到达这些NE的端口。当在非IS-IS组中产生中断时,一些NE将会变得不可到达并使信息产生环回。
当消息(NPDU)被一个它将被选路到的端口接收时(根据MA),NPDU的目的NSAP的系统ID将被从MA的SID列表中删除。为了这样做MA将首先被“取下”,当SID被删除之后它又被“放回”。
为了避免象在MA中的每个SID被检测为不能到达时那样的“上下翻转”,使用了摘机定时器(16-32s).这允许在为了删除SID将MA取下之前收集与中断相关的所有SID。
为了在故障恢复之后能让SID自动回到原状态,在一个单个的,抖动的恢复定时器到时时(大约5分钟)SID自动回到原状态。但是,只有在IS-IS域中没有目的节点的其它路由存在时才这样做。
本发明也用于其它的链路状态动态路由选择协议,该协议使用静态路由与不同的路由选择协议交互作用。
再参考图1,本发明的路由选择是从节点1到节点4,第一次消息被从节点2返回到节点1(由于中断),环回被检测到并且节点4的系统ID被从节点1的MA中删除。接着,节点1中MA的变化被传送到IS-IS层1子域。这个区域中的所有层1路由器将重新计算它们的路由。现在将有一条经过节点5到节点4的路由。在进行重新计算之前被发送到节点4的消息有可能在网络中丢失。这由上层协议(层4)中的恢复机制覆盖。

Claims (1)

1.在包括多个中间系统(IS)的基于同步数字系列(SDH)的通信网中,在至少一个IS-IS区域和至少一个非IS-IS区域之间划分IS,在IS-IS区域中提供包括在区域之间为消息选择路由的构成开放系统互连的网络层(层3)部分的路由选择协议,提供了一种方法,其中,在IS-IS区域中的IS形成静态路由(人工邻接(MA)),指向到非IS-IS区域中一个或多个网络设备(NE)组的路由,并且其中在一条到一个组的链路上或一个组中出现故障并且从IS-IS区域到非IS-IS区域的消息被环回到始发IS-IS区域时,消息从其开始环回的NE的标识被从相应的MA中删除以允许消息选择路由通过替代的MA。
CN98106691A 1997-07-31 1998-04-16 用于国际化标准的手动邻接替代路由选择 Expired - Fee Related CN1115841C (zh)

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GBGB9716195.4A GB9716195D0 (en) 1997-07-31 1997-07-31 MA alternate routeing

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DE (1) DE69819088T2 (zh)
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USRE41079E1 (en) 2010-01-19
AU745768B2 (en) 2002-03-28
JPH1168853A (ja) 1999-03-09
EP0895431B1 (en) 2003-10-22
AU5939098A (en) 1999-02-11
DE69819088D1 (de) 2003-11-27
EP0895431A2 (en) 1999-02-03
GB2328113B (en) 2002-05-29
CN1115841C (zh) 2003-07-23
JP3905218B2 (ja) 2007-04-18
US6278687B1 (en) 2001-08-21
NO981154D0 (no) 1998-03-16
EP0895431A3 (en) 2000-10-18
GB9716195D0 (en) 1997-10-08
GB9805249D0 (en) 1998-05-06
NO981154L (no) 1999-02-01
GB2328113A (en) 1999-02-10
DE69819088T2 (de) 2004-05-19

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