CN1228688A - 开颅术布单 - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61B46/20—Surgical drapes specially adapted for patients
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B46/23—Surgical drapes specially adapted for patients with means to retain or hold surgical implements
- A61B2046/234—Surgical drapes specially adapted for patients with means to retain or hold surgical implements with means for retaining a catheter
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B46/00—Surgical drapes
- A61B46/20—Surgical drapes specially adapted for patients
- A61B46/23—Surgical drapes specially adapted for patients with means to retain or hold surgical implements
- A61B2046/236—Surgical drapes specially adapted for patients with means to retain or hold surgical implements with means for collecting drain fluid, e.g. drain tubes
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种有口的开颅术布单,它包括一个主片、半透明的麻碎侧片、一个构成该布单前部之角的角片、一个径流收集袋,其背面被压平并连接在所述布单上,具有一个环绕所述主片上的开口的背面开口,以及一个正面开口和可调管架。所述布单选择性地包括一层位于该布单和所述袋之间的开口吸收材料,位于所述袋上的固体滤网和排出口,以及位于所述袋的正面开口边缘的塑性材料,由它保持该袋敞开。所述袋的背面开口,以及所述布单和吸收材料的背面开口由一个切口片覆盖,该片位于所述袋的背面与所述布单之间。所述切口片的朝向患者的粘性面由一个可揭开的背层覆盖。
Description
本发明涉及手术布单领域,尤其涉及开颅术布单。
由覆盖方法所产生的无菌部位被称作消毒区。所有与创口周围预备的部位接触的消毒物品必须限制在一个明确的安全范围内,以防止微生物传播到切开的创口中。所述消毒区是这样形成的:将消毒片和巾或其它包覆材料放置在特定位置上,以保持要放置消毒器械和戴手套的手的表面的消毒。以如下方式用消毒的布单覆盖患者和手术室台,即露出预备的切口部位并隔离手术创口部位。包覆的目标通常包括仪器台、盆和梅欧氏架、托盘和某些手术器械。
选择包覆材料以形成并保持一个有效的阻隔层,以减少微生物在非消毒区和消毒区之间通行。为了有效,阻隔材料应当能够防止血、含水液体和磨损,尽可能地不脱绒毛和可包覆。它应当能保持一个适合于体温的等温环境。它应当满足或超过现行国家防火标准(National Fire Protection Standards),因此,不存在静电危害。Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery,M.H.Meeker,R.N.,等著,第10版(Mosby St.louis,Mo 1995)。
覆盖一个表面的布单,只有其远离该表面的一面被认为是无菌的。该布单的悬垂部分和远离覆盖的物体或人的部分不被认为是无菌的,因为人的视觉范围不能总是专注于留于技术中的缺陷,并导致布单的污染。P.117,G.D.LeMaitre,M.D.,等,The Patient inSurgery:A Guid for Nurses,第3版(W.B.Saunders Co.Philadelphia 1975)。
目前使用的神经外科手术台通常位于上方并略高于待施行手术的人。该手术台通常被预备好供外科手术用,即放置一个或几个布单,各自用于特殊目的,以便盖住非无菌台和患者头部周围的部位。
神经外科手术的麻碎师通常坐在手术台的一侧或另一侧。麻碎师需要观察患者的面部和与患者连接的呼吸装置,以便正确了解在整个手术过程中患者的状态。现在,为了观察患者的面部,麻碎师或者抬起布单的一角,或是将该布单连接于一个静脉瓶支架上,以便可以连续地看到患者的面部。很明显,这会产生污染问题,因为消毒区受到了破坏。另外,神经外科手术是一个费时很长的过程,在此期间,外科医师有时候坐在有滑轮的椅子上,或绕患者头部运动。现有的布单拖在地上,手术室里的人员在环绕手术台走动时会对其造成意外损害,并破坏布单的无菌性。
沿患者身体铺设至其头部的电线和吸管通常被夹在或系在手术台上的其外层边缘。这些电线或吸管会被缠绕在一起,而且在牵拉时会使器械掉落在地板上并变成非无菌状态。这对于处在总体上的麻碎状态下的患者来说意味着危险,因为这需要预备新的消毒器械的时间。另外,所述夹具和系件通常不够灵活和牢固,以便方便地加上或除去吸管和电线。这会导致手术时间的延长,同时手术室的工作人员拆开并重新固定夹具。
因此,本发明的一个目的是提供一种布单,使麻醉师可以直接观察到患者的面部而又不会损害消毒区。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种布单,该布单不会拖在手术室的地板上。
本发明的再一个目的是在布单上设置夹具,这些夹具牢固且容易调节。
本发明涉及一种有孔的开颅术布单,包括一个主片、半透明麻醉侧片,一个构成该布单前部之角的角片、一个径流收集袋,其背面被压平并连接在所述布单上,具有一个环绕所述主片上的开口的背面开口,以及一个正面开口和可调管架。所述布单选择性地包括一层位于该布单和所述袋之间的开口吸收材料,位于所述袋上的固体滤网和排出口,以及位于所述袋的正面开口边缘的塑性材料,由它保持该袋敞开。所述袋的背面开口,以及所述布单和吸收材料的背面开口由一个切口片覆盖,该片位于所述袋的背面与所述布单之间。所述切口片的朝向患者的粘性面由一个可揭开的背层覆盖。
图1是使用中的开颅术布单的透视图;
图2是使用中的开颅术布单的分解剖视图;
图3是开颅术布单的上视图;
图4是所述角片和半透明麻醉片的视图;
图5是可调管支架视图;
图6是有一个患者躺在其上的悬挂手术台和一个手术室工作台的透视图。
本发明涉及一种有口的开颅术布单,它包括一个主片、半透明的麻醉侧片、一个构成该布单前部之角的角片、一个径流收集袋、其背面被压平并连接在所述布单上,具有一个环绕所述主片上的开口的背面开口,以及一个正面开口和可调管架。所述布单选择性地包括一层位于该布单和所述袋之间的开口吸收材料,位于所述袋上的固体滤网和排出口,以及位于所述袋的正面开口边缘的塑性材料,由它保持袋敞开。所述袋的背面开口,以及所述布单和吸收材料的背面开口由一个切口片覆盖,该片位于所述袋的背面与所述布单之间。所述切口片的朝向患者的粘性面由一个可揭开的背层覆盖。
一般说明
本发明的开颅术布单通常以图1中110所示形式使用。将该布单罩在悬挂式手术台15上,在该布单下面躺着施行开颅手术的患者5。该布单被设计成能收集固体和液体,如在手术期间收集的体液和冲洗液。
图2是布单110的分解剖视图。该布单包括一个有口的主片25,在其上面,有一个合适的有孔吸收层30,在吸收层30上面固定着一个有口的径流袋45的平的背面,其背面的开口或孔90与吸收材料上的开口85和主片25上的开口20吻合。切口片65层压在吸收层30和径流收集袋45之间,具有一个可揭背层70。
主片25可由织造的可再利用织物制成,但优选由非织造的一次性织物,如EVOLUTION3织物聚丙烯SMS制成。所述EVOLUTION织物是纺粘、熔喷和纺粘层(SMS)的三层层压物。在美国专利US4,041,203(发明名称为“非织造热塑性织物”,发明人为:R.J.Brock和G.H.Meitner)中披露了合适织物的例子。该专利被收作本文参考。参见图2,主片25应当大到足以覆盖患者身体5。在本发明的一种实施方案中,所述主层大约134英寸长,74英寸宽。主片25包括一个开口20,该开口位于所述布单的前部。在一种实施方案中,所述开口是卵形的,并位于中线上,距离该布单前端大约24英寸,盖住患者头部。手术过程是在该开口中施行的。
在主片25的上面选择性地层压一个有口的吸收层30。该吸收层上的口85与主片25的开口20吻合或比开口20大。在一种实施方案中,该吸收层由美国专利US5,540,979中要求保护的材料组成,该专利的发明人是Yahiaoui,A.Potts,D.C.,Perkins,C.A.Powers,M.D.,和Jascomb,J.T.,发明名称为“多孔非织造牛血草酸酯吸收结构”。该专利被收作本文参考。在一种实施方案中,该吸收层大约为36英寸长,24英寸宽。在一种实施方案中,用冷胶水将吸收层30固定在主片25上。
管架
将一个或几个可调管架75固定在主片25上或固定在与主片连接的吸收层30上。如图5所示,这些管架由两个由弹性材料组成的矩形件构成,这两个矩形件在中线处接合,像双翼飞机的两翼。在本发明的一种实施方案中,材料CONTROL-PLUSTM是由位于威斯康星州Neenah的Kimberly-Clark公司生产的。CONTROL-PLUSTM是聚丙烯纺粘/聚丙烯熔喷/聚丙烯薄膜叠层。上部件的外面具有环、钩固定结构80,而下部件要么固定在所述布单的主层片上,要么固定在吸收层30上。在一种实施方案中,用一种热熔物固定管架75。在本发明的一种实施方案中,所述钩、环固定件是VELCRO固定件。在本发明的一种实施方案中,所述上部和下部矩形件为2英寸×4英寸大小,VELCRO钩形件为1英寸×1英寸,VELCRO环件为1英寸×2英寸。
径流袋
固定在吸收层30或主片25上的是有口径流袋45,用于收集手术中产生的液体和固体(参见图2和图3)。径流袋45优选由流体不可渗透的材料(如半透明的聚丙烯)制成,并选择性地包括一个排出口55,该排出口可与一个抽吸装置连接,还包括一个固体滤网50,以便固体不会堵塞排出口55。该径流袋45的背面固定在选择性的吸收层上,或直接固定在主片25上,并包括一个开口90,该开口大致与所述主片和选择性的吸收层的开口吻合。该径流袋45的背面在其背侧围绕着开口90。在使用时,该袋的封闭端下垂,并远离患者5的头部。
位于径流袋45正面的开口100具有环绕其周围的塑性材料60。塑性材料60有助于保持该袋敞开。在本发明的一种实施方案中,所述塑性材料是埋在平的塑料中的相隔大约0.5cm的两条平行的金属丝,其中,该塑料被固定在开口10的边缘。
切口片
参见图2,将一个切口片65层压平放在径流袋45的背面和主片25之间或选择性的吸收层30与主片25之间,使其粘性面朝向患者5。在一种实施方案中,切口片65是一种低密使聚乙烯薄膜,在其一面有粘合剂。更理想的是,切口片65由聚乙烯薄膜制成,该聚乙烯薄膜由Bertek公司(St.Albans,VT 05478)制造。所述粘性面上盖着可揭开的背层70。在除去可揭开的背层70之后。切口片65通过主片开口20暴露,并且当布单110放在患者5身上时接触患者5。
角片
如图1所示,特别是如图3所示,在主片25前部的每一面都设有角片35。这些角片可由与主片25相同的材料制成。角片35可由织造的可再利用织物制成,但优选由诸如EVOLUTION3织物聚丙烯SMS的非织造一次性织物制成。在一种实施方案中,所述角片大体为方形,大小为24英寸×24英寸。这些角片具有沿对角线方向通过角片35的主折叠线95,当所述布单处于使用中时该折叠线可防止布单110的角拖在地上(见图4)。如图1所示,所述角片会导致布单110的前部角凹陷,它还能防止这些角挡住手术人员在手术室中的通道。在一种实施方案中,拆叠线95大约与布单110的正前方边缘呈45°角。
半透明麻碎片
如图1所示,特别是如图3所示,与主片25的前部的一条或几条边连接的是一个或几个半透明麻醉侧片40。在本发明的一种实施方案中,这些侧片大致为矩形的,其尺寸为30英寸×56英寸。优选地,这些侧片是透明的。这些侧片可由任何合适的半透明塑料制成,如透明的聚乙烯薄膜。这使得麻醉师无须揭开布单并破坏消毒区即可观察患者的面部。
布单的使用
将开颅术布单110从一个包装(未示出)中取出,并将其罩在悬挂手术台15上(参见图1和图6),并盖在躺在手术台10上的患者5的身上。揭开可揭开的背层70,并将切口片65的粘性面放在患者头部预备手术的部位。将径流袋45挂在患者5头部下面。可将一个抽吸装置(未示出)与排出口55连接,各种电线和管可以由管架75固定。手术直接通过切口片65进行。
本领域技术人员可以理解,在不超出本发明构思的前提下可以对本文所披露的本发明的说明性实施方案进行改进。尽管已结合所示的实施方案对本发明做了说明,可以理解的是,本发明适于各种重新排列、改进和变化,上述一切内容都希望包括在所附权利要求的范围内。
Claims (13)
1.一种开颅术布单,包括:
(a)一个主片;和
(b)至少一个与所述主片的前部侧缘连接的半透明的麻醉片。
2.如权利要求1的开颅术布单,还包括一个位于所述主片上的开口。
3.如权利要求2的开颅术布单,还包括一个成层在所述主片上面的吸收层,该吸收层包括一个与主层上的开口吻合的开口。
4.如权利要求3的开颅术布单,还包括一个位于所述主片与吸收层之间的切口片,以及一个位于该切开片的粘性面的可揭开层。
5.如权利要求4的开颅术布单,还包括一个有口的径流袋,连接在所述吸收层上,具有一个环绕所述布单开口的背面开口,以及一个正面开口。
6.如权利要求5的开颅术布单,其中,所述袋包括一个排出口,一个固体滤网和一个靠近所述正面开口边缘的塑性材料。
7.如权利要求6的开颅术布单,其中,所述塑性材料是金属丝。
8.如权利要求3的开颅术布单,还包括一个或几个管架,这些管架或直接连接于所述主片上,或连接于吸收层上。
9.如权利要求8的开颅术布单,其中,所述管架是由两个弹性材料组成的矩形件构成,这两个矩形件沿中线连接在一起,其中的上部件的外侧边缘具有VELCRO环、钩固定装置,而其下部件或者直接固定在所述主片上,或者固定在吸收层上。
10.如权利要求1的开颅术布单,其特征在于所述麻醉片是透明的。
11.一种开颅术布单,包括:
(a)一个主片;和
(b)至少一个连接在所述主片的前部侧缘上的角片。
12.一种覆盖待作开颅手术的患者的方法,包括使用权利要求1所述的布单。
13.一种覆盖待开颅手术的患者的方法,包括使用权利要求10所述的布单。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/705,698 | 1996-08-30 | ||
US08/705,698 US5778889A (en) | 1996-08-30 | 1996-08-30 | Craniotomy drape |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1228688A true CN1228688A (zh) | 1999-09-15 |
Family
ID=24834565
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN97197489A Pending CN1228688A (zh) | 1996-08-30 | 1997-08-28 | 开颅术布单 |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
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US (3) | US5778889A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0923351B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2000517215A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20000035938A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1228688A (zh) |
AR (1) | AR009462A1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU722232B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9713310A (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69719519T2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1998008457A1 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA977607B (zh) |
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-
1997
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- 1997-08-27 AR ARP970103911A patent/AR009462A1/es unknown
- 1997-08-28 BR BR9713310-8A patent/BR9713310A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-08-28 CN CN97197489A patent/CN1228688A/zh active Pending
- 1997-08-28 KR KR1019997001678A patent/KR20000035938A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-08-28 EP EP97939625A patent/EP0923351B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-28 DE DE69719519T patent/DE69719519T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-28 AU AU41668/97A patent/AU722232B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-08-28 WO PCT/US1997/015148 patent/WO1998008457A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-08-28 JP JP10511900A patent/JP2000517215A/ja active Pending
-
1998
- 1998-03-06 US US09/036,362 patent/US6129085A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106232049A (zh) * | 2014-03-17 | 2016-12-14 | 直观外科手术操作公司 | 手术帷帘和包括手术帷帘和附接传感器的系统 |
US10932877B2 (en) | 2014-03-17 | 2021-03-02 | Intuitive Surgical Operations, Inc. | Surgical drape and systems including surgical drape and attachment sensor |
CN104688474A (zh) * | 2015-02-28 | 2015-06-10 | 刘敬松 | 包皮手术装置 |
US11883123B2 (en) | 2016-07-14 | 2024-01-30 | Intuitive Surgical Operations, Inc. | Mechanism for managing and retaining a surgical drape |
CN111212578A (zh) * | 2017-08-10 | 2020-05-29 | 普罗赛普特生物机器人公司 | 外科手术盖布 |
US11259889B2 (en) | 2017-08-10 | 2022-03-01 | Procept Biorobotics Corporation | Surgical drape with sterile barrier |
US11304774B2 (en) | 2017-08-10 | 2022-04-19 | Procept Biorobotics Corporation | Method of using surgical drape |
US11857287B2 (en) | 2017-08-10 | 2024-01-02 | Procept Biorobotics Corporation | Surgical drape with container |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP0923351B1 (en) | 2003-03-05 |
BR9713310A (pt) | 2000-02-01 |
JP2000517215A (ja) | 2000-12-26 |
EP0923351A1 (en) | 1999-06-23 |
US5778889A (en) | 1998-07-14 |
ZA977607B (en) | 1998-02-23 |
DE69719519D1 (de) | 2003-04-10 |
DE69719519T2 (de) | 2003-12-24 |
AR009462A1 (es) | 2000-04-26 |
US6269815B1 (en) | 2001-08-07 |
AU722232B2 (en) | 2000-07-27 |
KR20000035938A (ko) | 2000-06-26 |
US6129085A (en) | 2000-10-10 |
WO1998008457A1 (en) | 1998-03-05 |
AU4166897A (en) | 1998-03-19 |
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