CN1307509C - Cell management device - Google Patents
Cell management device Download PDFInfo
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- CN1307509C CN1307509C CNB2004100149544A CN200410014954A CN1307509C CN 1307509 C CN1307509 C CN 1307509C CN B2004100149544 A CNB2004100149544 A CN B2004100149544A CN 200410014954 A CN200410014954 A CN 200410014954A CN 1307509 C CN1307509 C CN 1307509C
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- circuit
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to an electric battery manager which belongs to the field of a portable consuming electronic product. A single chip control and a Buck pressure reduction charging scheme are adopted, and a charging management and a discharging management share a main loop. Low power resistance is used for sampling current. The constant current of a convertor is controlled by a current peak limiting circuit formed from a comparator and a switch off delay circuit of an RC charge determining power tube. The charge state of the battery is judged and controlled by an MCU. The circuit of the electric battery manager comprises a power main circuit and a control circuit, wherein the power main circuit is composed of two power field-effect tubes (M1), a resistor (R8), an inductor (L1), a flywheel diode (D1) and a low current charging circuit; the control circuit is composed of a charging and discharging switching circuit, a discharging synchronous rectification circuit, a switch off timing circuit of a power tube, a current peak limiting circuit, a single-chip microcomputer (MCU) control circuit, a signal synthesis circuit, a driving circuit and a discharging cut-off control circuit. Compared with other schemes, the present invention has the advantages of few power parts, low cost and high charging efficiency.
Description
Technical field
Battery manager of the present invention relates to portable consumer electronic product field.
Background technology
Battery power supply system is one of important component part of portable consumer electronic product.Along with the development of portable consumer electronic product, also more and more higher to the requirement of serviceable life, security and the cost of battery power supply system.In the portable consumer electronic product, battery power supply system generally all has special manager that discharging and recharging of battery managed, to reach safe, the efficient use of battery.
Quickly charging battery generally all adopts constant-current charge, judges according to the voltage response of rechargeable battery whether battery is sufficient, thereby makes battery charging process safety, efficient.At present, the management method of employing roughly is divided into two kinds:
(1) adopts special-purpose linear Charge Management device to carry out constant current control, and charging process is monitored in real time.Because the pressure reduction of input voltage and cell voltage is consumed by the form of linear unit with heating in the charging process, this scheme efficient is not high.Simultaneously, owing to adopt dedicated devices, circuit cost is higher.
(2) adopt the reduction voltage circuit constant-current charge.Adopt reduction voltage circuit that input voltage is transformed to suitable value again to battery charge.The available dedicated device is realized constant current control and charging termination control; Also can build control and realize constant-current charge, adopt single-chip microcomputer (MCU) control charging process with resolution element.The mountain is in utilization switching mode power conversion technology, and this scheme efficient is higher.
Because cost, using maximum now is that constant-current decompression type (Buck) transducer adds single-chip microcomputer (MCU) control.Adopt more powerful resistance sampling during constant current control, pressure drop is big, and efficient is low, and can not go here and there in the discharge loop of battery.
The discharge of battery is generally managed by another passage, and the charging of battery is used different loops with discharge.
Owing to adopt the charging and two tunnel separating controlling of discharging in the practical at present battery management scheme, need to use two groups of power field effect pipes, cost still is higher.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide lower-cost battery manager scheme, it has realized the same loop works of charging and discharge, and the constant-current control circuit of transducer is designed, to adapt to the co-ordination of managing with discharge.
Battery manager of the present invention has discharge management and Charge Management function, and its characteristics are that charge circuit comprises discharge loop, adopts one group of power field effect pipe switching controls that is linked to each other by two drain electrodes to realize; Employing realizes that by being connected in sample peak current limit circuit that the comparer of input constitutes and the resistance capacitance charging of small resistor between battery cathode and inductance ground connection one end power tube turn off delay time circuit realizes the constant current control of transducer; Adopt single-chip microcomputer to carry out the management of charging process.The concrete composition of circuit comprises power main circuit and control circuit two parts, series inductance and resistance and battery constituted series circuit successively after the power main circuit was linked to each other by the drain electrode of two power field effect pipes, fly-wheel diode is connected in reverse parallel on the series circuit of battery and resistance, inductance, a low current charge circuit also in parallel on the series circuit of two power field effect pipes and inductance, resistance; Control circuit comprises that the output terminal that discharges and recharges commutation circuit that links to each other with power supply is connected in current peak restricting circuits input end and single chip machine controlling circuit input end and discharge synchronous commutating control circuit input end respectively; Power tube turn-offs the output terminal of timing circuit and the input end that current peak restricting circuits output terminal is connected in signal integrated circuit separately, signal integrated circuit output terminal and single chip machine controlling circuit output terminal are connected in the driving circuit input end of first power field effect pipe separately, and the driving circuit output terminal links to each other with first power field effect pipe separately with discharge circuit of synchronous rectification output terminal; The discharge cutoff control circuit is connected in second power field effect pipe
This battery manager circuit, can be gone here and there in discharge loop so current sampling signal can be very little owing to adopted comparer in the current peak restricting circuits.The process of first power tube control charging, second power tube is in the synchronous rectification state during charging; Second power tube control discharge, charging signals is low during discharge, first power tube is operated in the synchronous rectification state.
With Single-chip Controlling first power tube drive circuit to enable be the may command charging process.
The utility model scheme saved cost, and current sampling resistor power is little owing to only use one group of power device, and charge efficiency is improved.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1, circuit block diagram of the present invention
Fig. 2, physical circuit schematic diagram of the present invention
Designation among Fig. 2: U1 is the 78L05 voltage-stabilizing device, and U2 is a single-chip microcomputer, and M1 is one group of power field effect pipe MOSFET, and N is adjustable shunt regulator TL431, and U3A is comparer LM393, and IN is the input and output plug, and Q1～Q8 is a transistor.
Specific implementation method
As shown in Figure 1, circuit of the present invention mainly by the power main circuit, discharge and recharge control switching circuit, current peak restricting circuits, power tube and turn-off timing circuit, signal synthesis, the first power tube T1 driving circuit, single-chip microprocessor MCU control, discharge synchronous rectification, discharge cutoff control circuit and low current charge loop.
Discharge and recharge commutation circuit and mainly finish the switching of battery charge and discharge two states, when being in charged state, give power supplies such as current peak restricting circuits and MCU control circuit, promptly enable charge control module; When being in discharge condition, cutting off the power supply of current peak restricting circuits and MCU control circuit etc., thereby reduce the discharge current that passes through the manager circuit when battery is shelved.Discharge and recharge commutation circuit and be made up of the resistance R among Fig. 21, R2, adjustable shunt regulator N, resistance R 3, R4, R5, transistor Q1, voltage-stabilizing device U1 etc., resistance R 1 and R2 dividing potential drop threshold values are between input voltage and cell voltage.Be located at about 8.7V, when input voltage is higher than 8.7V, resistance R 1, the partial pressure value of R2 is higher than 2.5V, and the 2 pin output of adjustable shunt regulator TL431 is low, transistor Q1 conducting, voltage-stabilizing device U1 (78L05) exports 5V, thus charge control system work.When input is lower than 8.7V, resistance R 1, the R2 partial pressure value is lower than 2.5V, high resistant between 2 pin of adjustable shunt regulator TL431 and 3 pin, transistor Q1 turn-offs, and voltage-stabilizing device U1 (78L05) is current sinking not.Discharging and recharging Boolean logic is thus provided by 2 pin of adjustable shunt regulator TL431, highly is discharge, lowly is charging.
The current peak restricting circuits is finished the peak-limitation function of electric current, rupturing duty pipe when electric current meets or exceeds setting value.After power tube turn-offed timing circuit maintenance power tube shutoff certain hour, power tube was open-minded again.Current peak restricting circuits and power tube turn-off the control function that timing circuit is finished charging current.As Fig. 2, the constant current control principle of Buck transducer when the present invention charges: when power field effect pipe T1 opens, electric current rises, and resistance R 8 is used for current detecting, and resistance R 34 and resistance R 33 dividing potential drops are set current peak, when resistance R 8=0.1 Ω, partial pressure value is made as about 0.14V, and when resistance R 8 two terminal voltages reached the threshold values of setting, comparer output was low, power field effect pipe T1 turn-offs, and electric current descends; Power field effect pipe T1 closes and has no progeny inductance L 1 electric current from sustained diode 1 afterflow, capacitor C 5 chargings simultaneously, charging current flows through resistance R 11 and resistance R 11 voltages surpass 0.7V, transistor Q6 conducting, make power field effect pipe T1 keep shutoff, capacitor C 5 chargings finish behind the certain hour, and electric current drops to certain value, and power field effect pipe T1 is open-minded again.Use suitable inductance, switching tube is operated in about 30kHz.Thereby electric current is limited within limits, reach the purpose of constant current substantially.
Signal integrated circuit is made up of transistor Q5, Q6, resistance R 23, R25, R26, R27 and resistance R 11 etc.When comparer U3A output was low, transistor Q5 exported high, after transistor Q6 is anti-phase, is low logic.When voltage descended, comparer U3A exported high, and transistor Q5 is high-impedance state, the pressure drop that capacitor C 5 charging currents form is depended in the conducting of transistor Q6 on resistance R 11, capacitor C 5 chargings, resistance R 27, R11 dividing potential drop make transistor Q6 conducting, and low logic is kept in output.
The totem structure that the first power tube T1 driving circuit adopts transistor Q7, Q8 to form strengthens driving force, and accelerating power field effect transistor T1 turns on and off.When being in discharge condition, driving circuit presents high-impedance state, and power field effect pipe T1 control end depends on the bleeder circuit that resistance R 18 and resistance R 19 are formed.
The MCU control section promptly adopts the charging process of single-chip microcomputer U2 monitoring battery, and (Rule of judgment that is full of electricity is formulated according to the characteristic of battery) cuts off the power supply of the first power tube T1 driving circuit when battery is full of electricity, stop charging, and the indication charging process finishes.The single-chip microcomputer input signal has charging current, cell voltage and battery temperature.Current sampling circuit is made up of resistance R 8, R9, R24 and capacitor C 2, and resistance R 9, R24 and capacitor C 2 play the ripple filtering.The voltage sample loop is made up of resistance R 6, R7 and resistance C3.Temperature sampling is made up of resistance R 10 and negative temperature coefficient temperature sensor NTC.Single-chip microprocessor MCU output control partly is made up of transistor Q3, Q4, resistance R 28, R29 and resistance R 30 etc.When allowing charging, single-chip microprocessor MCU output is high, and transistor Q4 conducting output is high, and the first power tube T1 driving circuit enables; When stopping to charge, single-chip microprocessor MCU output is low, and transistor Q4 ends, and forbids the first power tube T1 driving circuit.The program of single-chip microcomputer can be according to the charging characteristic curve and the user demand customization of battery.
The discharge cutoff control circuit is made up of stabilivolt Z1, resistance R 15, R16, R17, R20 and transistor Q2.When output terminal was lower than discharge by setting value, stabilivolt Z1 blocked, and transistor Q2 ends, and second power tube T2 control is very low, and the second power tube T2 turn-offs, and cut off the battery output terminal.When output end voltage is higher than setting value, transistor Q2 conducting, the second power tube T2 conducting.
The discharge circuit of synchronous rectification is made of resistance R 18 and resistance R 19.Take from the signal (2 pin of TL431) that discharges and recharges commutation circuit and after resistance R 18 and resistance R 19 dividing potential drops, be added to the first power tube T1 control end.When being in discharge condition, the output of 2 pin of adjustable shunt regulator TL431 is high, and the totem high resistant is a high level after resistance R 18, the R19 dividing potential drop, and the first power tube T1 is in the synchronous rectification state.During charged state, resistance R 18 is arranged between adjustable shunt regulator TL431 and the totem, do not influence totem output.
The low current charge loop is used for long-term activated batteries when under-voltage of battery.Form by resistance R 21 and diode D3.
The co-ordination principle of circuit when charging of the present invention and discharge operating mode:
As Fig. 2, when input voltage is 9.4V, the 2 pin output low levels of adjustable shunt regulator TL431, transistor Q1 conducting, the 5V power work, promptly be in charged state, the output of single-chip microcomputer 7 pin is high, the first power tube T1 driving circuit (the totem structure that transistor Q7, Q8 form) work.The current peak restricting circuits that is made of comparer LM393 etc. and realize the constant-current decompression control of power circuit by the power tube turn off delay time circuit that capacitor C 5 and resistance R 27 are formed, its signal are mutually or offer the totem driving circuit again after transistor Q6 NOT logic.The first power tube T1 is in the copped wave state, the charging of control battery.At this moment, input voltage is higher than discharge cut-off voltage, and the second power tube T2 is in the synchronous rectification state.
As Fig. 2, during battery discharge, 2 pin of adjustable shunt regulator TL431 are high level, and the 5V power supply is not worked, and the GS both end voltage of the first power tube T1 is provided by divider resistance R18, R19, and the first power tube T1 is in the synchronous rectification state.Ending of second power tube T2 management and control system discharge.
The parameter of entire circuit can be adjusted according to the actual requirements.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of battery manager, it is characterized in that comprising discharge loop in the charge circuit, adopts one group of power field effect pipe switching controls that is linked by two drain electrodes to realize; Employing is by being connected in battery cathode and inductance (L
1) small resistor (R between ground connection one end
8) the peak current limit circuit that constitutes of the comparer of the input of sampling and resistance, electric capacity charging realize that power tube turn off delay time circuit realizes the constant current control of transducer; Adopt single-chip microcomputer to carry out the management of charging process, its circuit is formed and is comprised power main circuit and control circuit, series inductance and resistance and battery constituted series circuit successively after the power main circuit was linked to each other by the drain electrode of two power field effect pipes, fly-wheel diode is connected in reverse parallel on the series circuit of battery and resistance, inductance, a low current charge circuit also in parallel on the series circuit of two power field effect pipes and inductance, resistance; Control circuit comprises that the output terminal that discharges and recharges commutation circuit that links to each other with power supply is connected in current peak restricting circuits input end and single chip machine controlling circuit input end and discharge synchronous commutating control circuit input end respectively; Power tube turn-offs the output terminal of timing circuit and the input end that current peak restricting circuits output terminal is connected in signal integrated circuit separately, signal integrated circuit output terminal and single chip machine controlling circuit output terminal are connected in the driving circuit input end of first power field effect pipe separately, and the driving circuit output terminal links to each other with first power field effect pipe separately with discharge circuit of synchronous rectification output terminal; The discharge cutoff control circuit is connected in second power field effect pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100149544A CN1307509C (en) | 2004-05-20 | 2004-05-20 | Cell management device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100149544A CN1307509C (en) | 2004-05-20 | 2004-05-20 | Cell management device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1581565A CN1581565A (en) | 2005-02-16 |
| CN1307509C true CN1307509C (en) | 2007-03-28 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100149544A Expired - Fee Related CN1307509C (en) | 2004-05-20 | 2004-05-20 | Cell management device |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1307509C (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101685895B (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2012-01-25 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Battery charging method and device |
| CN102437599B (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2014-07-02 | 上海交通大学 | New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle |
| CN102412611B (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2013-06-12 | 西安启芯微电子有限公司 | Constant-current charging circuit applied to linear charger |
| CN102801383B (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2015-06-17 | 伟肯（中国）电气传动有限公司 | Alternating current motor driving device with charging function and charging method thereof |
| CN103532212B (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2016-04-13 | 加一联创电子科技有限公司 | A kind of charge management circuit and portable power source |
| CN104218649B (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2017-01-18 | 湖南金杯新能源发展有限公司 | Battery charging and discharging device and management circuit |
| CN106655443A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2017-05-10 | 北京汇能精电科技股份有限公司 | Charging and discharging controller and photovoltaic charging and discharging system |
| CN114825511B (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2023-01-31 | 广州先觉电子信息股份有限公司 | Charge-discharge balancing device with new energy automobile battery pack monitoring system |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1063767A (en) * | 1991-01-25 | 1992-08-19 | 国际商业机器公司 | Battery operated computer power management system |
| US5925942A (en) * | 1997-07-16 | 1999-07-20 | Motorola, Inc. | Power supply control apparatus and method suitable for use in an electronic device |
| US6031302A (en) * | 1997-09-30 | 2000-02-29 | Conexant Systems, Inc. | Battery management system with current measurement across on-resistance of semiconductor cutout switch |
| JP2001024296A (en) * | 1999-07-07 | 2001-01-26 | Kyocera Corp | Ceramic circuit board |
| CN1438555A (en) * | 2002-02-15 | 2003-08-27 | 株式会社东芝 | Power-supply management apparatus |
| CN2702364Y (en) * | 2004-05-20 | 2005-05-25 | 南京航空航天大学 | Electric battery supervisor |
-
2004
- 2004-05-20 CN CNB2004100149544A patent/CN1307509C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1063767A (en) * | 1991-01-25 | 1992-08-19 | 国际商业机器公司 | Battery operated computer power management system |
| US5925942A (en) * | 1997-07-16 | 1999-07-20 | Motorola, Inc. | Power supply control apparatus and method suitable for use in an electronic device |
| US6031302A (en) * | 1997-09-30 | 2000-02-29 | Conexant Systems, Inc. | Battery management system with current measurement across on-resistance of semiconductor cutout switch |
| JP2001024296A (en) * | 1999-07-07 | 2001-01-26 | Kyocera Corp | Ceramic circuit board |
| CN1438555A (en) * | 2002-02-15 | 2003-08-27 | 株式会社东芝 | Power-supply management apparatus |
| CN2702364Y (en) * | 2004-05-20 | 2005-05-25 | 南京航空航天大学 | Electric battery supervisor |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1581565A (en) | 2005-02-16 |
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Granted publication date: 20070328 Termination date: 20110520 |