CN1315740C - Method for treating enriched surface water - Google Patents
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- CN1315740C CN1315740C CNB2005100604500A CN200510060450A CN1315740C CN 1315740 C CN1315740 C CN 1315740C CN B2005100604500 A CNB2005100604500 A CN B2005100604500A CN 200510060450 A CN200510060450 A CN 200510060450A CN 1315740 C CN1315740 C CN 1315740C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for treating eutrophic surface water, which orderly comprises the following steps: 1 carrier manufacture: foam granules are uniformly filled in a sealed flat cloth bag to manufacture a carrier, and the height of the cloth bag is lower than 6cm; 2, rye grass pre-cultivation: seeds of rye grass are wetted, and then are put into a cultivation box to be cultivated for 22 hours to 26 hours at the temperature of 28 DEG C to 32 DEG C; afterwards, the cultivated seeds of rye grass are uniformly spread to the wetted carrier for plant according to the proportion of 28 to 35 g/m so as to manufacture a lawn; 3, eutrophic surface water treatment: when the height of the rye grass on the lawn is 7cm to 10cm, the lawn is moved to the surface of a water area to be treated, and surplus nitrogen and phosphorus nutritive salts in the water are absorbed by the roots of the rye grass. The method for treating eutrophic surface water of the present invention can fast reduce the contents of nitrogen and phosphorus in polluted water areas so as to purify the water causing no secondary pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of administering enriched surface water.
Background technology
Body eutrophication has become one of environmental problem that contemporary many national government and the public pay close attention to the most gradually.An investigation according to United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) (UNEP) shows that the lake of 30%-40% and reservoir have suffered the influence of eutrophication in various degree in the world.In China, because being on the increase of population and developing rapidly of industrial or agricultural, the sewage that is rich in nutritive substance in a large number directly enters in the various water bodys without any processing, thereby causes the acceleration of eutrophication process.In 131 main lakes of China, the lake that has reached the eutrophy degree has 67, accounts for 51.2%; In 39 representative reservoirs, reach have 12 of eutrophy degree, account for 30%.In five big freshwater lakes, Taihu Lake, Hongchehu Lake, Chaohu have reached the eutrophy degree, though Poyang Lake, Dongting Lake are kept middle trophic level at present, phosphorus, nitrogen content are higher, are in the stage to the eutrophy transition.Therefore, surface drainage system such as lake, reservoir eutrophication has become an outstanding environmental problem of China.
On the whole, the harm of body eutrophication shows mainly and has destroyed the original balance of ecosystem of water body that cause the water ecosystem structure to be destroyed, function is degenerated day by day, influences water quality, thereby hydrocoles and plant are produced serious harm.The harm of eutrophication also show since produce in the water quality lack of water that causes of water quality deterioration and the eutrophication process some toxic substances to the damaging effect of HUMAN HEALTH.Therefore the governing problem of eutrophication should be subjected to the great attention of all circles.
At present, the measure of control body eutrophication mainly contains: the input of (1) control exogenous nutrition material: by setting up the input of measure control exogenous nutrition materials such as industry and sanitary sewage disposal factory and widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area control, this is the basic measures of administering eutrophication, but because seriously pollutedly be difficult to control, people's environmental consciousness such as does not seek fame and wealth at factor, makes this measure to prove effective; (2) reduce endogenous nutritive substance load: pollute by measure control endogenous nutritive substances such as dredging bed mud, diversion flushings, but facts have proved, it is of no avail adopting single bed mud removal measure or just short-term is effective, therefore must combine the effect that just has with the control that external source is polluted to the control of endogenous pollution; (3) physics and chemical algae removing: can remove algae by physics and chemical process, utilize methods such as microorganism and change current attitude also can control the growth of algae and water; But this method result of treatment is not very desirable, and especially chemical algae removing brings secondary pollution to water body easily, so this is a not too safe improvement method, Ying Shenyong; (4) ecologically repairing eutrophication water: adopt artificial swamp or come the ecological management body eutrophication by the ecosystem that hydrocoles and plant are formed.Facts have proved that this emerging ecological reestablishment is the most effective, and effect is very remarkable in eutrophication control.Its weak point is the seasonal apparent in view of aquatic plants growth, can directly influence repairing effect.General waterplant is all comparatively vigorous in growth spring and summer, but entering autumn and winter its growth velocity tends to obviously reduce even dead, especially in temperature winter on the low side, thereby cause waterplant that the receptivity of pollution substance in the waste water is also obviously reduced, add of the humification of the dead body of waterplant as fallen leaves, residual branch etc., these all are to cause body eutrophication relatively-high temperature more serious reason in season autumn and winter, and this moment, traditional ecological reestablishment can't reach ideal effect.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art part, the invention provides a kind of nitrogen and phosphorus content that can comparatively fast reduce in the polluted waters, thereby purify water; And do not produce the method for the improvement enriched surface water of secondary pollution.
The present invention is to realize by such technical scheme for reaching above purpose: a kind of method of administering enriched surface water is provided, may further comprise the steps successively:
1), makes carrier: in the flat cloth bag of sealing, foam beads is set evenly and makes carrier; The cloth bag height is less than 6cm;
2), rye grass is cultivated in advance: ryegrass seed is soaked, place in the incubator and cultivated under 28～32 ℃ temperature 22～26 hours; Ryegrass seed after will cultivating then is according to 28～35g/m
2Ratio evenly spill in planting on the wetted carrier, make the lawn;
3), administer enriched surface water: when treating that rye grass on the above-mentioned lawn grows to 7～10cm, above-mentioned lawn moved into and be fixed in administered the surface, waters, utilize the root system of rye grass to absorb nitrogen and phosphorous nutrient superfluous in the water; Administered the waters for every cube and placed 0.2～0.3 square metre of above-mentioned lawn.
A kind of improvement as improvement enriched surface water method of the present invention: after the step 3), gather in when treating that rye grass grows to 80～100cm or every 2～3 months.
As improvement enriched surface water further improvements in methods of the present invention: in the step 1), 5000～10000 gram foam beads are set evenly in every cubic metre the cloth bag.
As improvement enriched surface water further improvements in methods of the present invention: in the step 3), being administered the anistree anchor that waters surface placement can float on the water surface, again this lawn is moved in the anistree anchor earlier.
As improvement enriched surface water further improvements in methods of the present invention: in the described step 1), cloth bag is made by the useless cloth of chemical fibre and is formed.
Rye grass mainly comprises English ryegrass and spends more two kinds of (annual) rye grass, belongs to gramineous feed together.Because the production potential of rye grass are very big, and are also very big to the demand of nitrogen and phosphorous nutrient, and cause that the main factor of eutrophication is exactly a nitrogen phosphorus surplus in the water body, thus the Water cultivating rye grass can the efficient absorption water body in superfluous nitrogen phosphorus.Simultaneously because winter temperature is crossed the low existence that waits the factor that is unfavorable for aquatic plants growth, cause the eutrophication degree relatively-high temperature of water body in winter more serious season, and the growth busy season of rye grass mainly concentrates on winter-spring season, so the Water cultivating rye grass can effectively prevent and treat the generation of water body eutrophication in early spring early winter.
Rye grass is as a kind of high-quality forage grass simultaneously, have that growth is fast, output is high, adaptability is strong, the characteristics of good palatability, trace elements such as rich in proteins, mineral substance, VITAMIN and iron zinc in its body, the hay crude protein content can be a good forage grass of raising various domestic animals and herbivorous fishes up to more than 20%.Therefore the Water cultivating rye grass not only can prevent and treat body eutrophication, can also effectively solve the difficult problem that livestock and poultry lack green fodder early spring early winter, therefore this technology not only has important Significance for Environment in the phytoremediation of enriched surface water, and good economic worth is also arranged, and is worthy to be popularized.
The method of improvement enriched surface water of the present invention is to utilize artificial carrier's Water cultivating rye grass, and the root system by the rye grass prosperity absorbs the nitrogen and phosphorous nutrient in the eutrophication water in a large number, and upwards is transported to roots of plants top; Regularly or the growing height of looking rye grass gather in, and with the overground part material transfer of harvesting to the processing of elsewhere pooling of resources, can make green manure, also can make the green fodder that livestock and poultry lack early spring early winter, reclaim available element in the plant stubble.Therefore the method for improvement enriched surface water of the present invention can be taken away a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorous nutrients from eutrophication water, purifies water; Secrete the algal control material simultaneously, suppress algae reproduction, realize the target of enriched surface water phytoremediation.Compare with the repairing and treating method of traditional enriched surface water, the method for improvement enriched surface water of the present invention is set up good circulating system between " environment-plant-animal-mankind "; Non-secondary pollution, and can afforest and beautify environment.The present invention selects the chemical fibre made cloth bag of cloth that gives up for use, and cost is low, and is corrosion-resistant, and infiltration is strong, is easy to the growth of rye grass; Utilize anistree anchor to fix the lawn, can also play the effect of beautifying the environment.Therefore the method for improvement enriched surface water of the present invention also has less investment, and maintenance cost is low, and quantities is suitable, and administrative skill requires advantages such as low; The recycling of rye grass also can bring certain economic benefits behind the repairing and treating.
The method of improvement enriched surface water of the present invention, adopt the Winter Forage of the suitable low temperature environment growth of this class of rye grass to carry out the restoration of the ecosystem of low temperature season, thereby can effectively prevent and treat the generation of low temperature season body eutrophications such as early spring early winter, again can be by the periodical reaping of rye grass being realized the economic benefit of its herbage.Simultaneously the Water cultivating lawn also be a kind of have a development potentiality beautify waters view technology, change comparatively desolate scene of autumn and winter season, can also bring people fine visual effect when harnessing the river.
Actual regulation effect for the method that proves improvement enriched surface water of the present invention has carried out following example of practical application.
Example 1:
Dispose of sewage and take from Zhejiang Hangzhou Zhejiang University Hua Jiachi school district legendary god of farming fishing platform Chi Shui, with this as low eutrophy sewage, carry out sewage disposal according to the method for improvement enriched surface water of the present invention and be called example set, a blank (promptly not doing any processing) of not establishing plant is called control group.Administered the waters for every cube and placed 0.24 square metre of described lawn.Example set is gathered in experiment periods 3 times altogether, and after experiment was carried out about 86 days, water quality had clear improvement: TN reduces 63.9%, and TP reduces 65.3%, and concrete numerical value sees Table 1.Respectively its overground part plant and root system have been carried out the analysis of nitrogen phosphorus after the rye grass results: TN accounts for 0.99% in the overground part plant, and TP accounts for 0.21%, and TN accounts for 0.70% in the root system, and TP accounts for 0.26%.
Table 1
| The water quality reference index | TN (mg/l) | TP (mg/l) | DP (mg/l) | NH 4 +-N (mg/l) | NO 2 --N (mg/l) | COD Mn (mg/l) | Chla (ug/l) | PH |
| Initially | 1.43 | 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.39 | 0.01 | 11.87 | 121.20 | 8.26 |
| Control group after 86 days | 0.94 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.29 | 0.01 | 11.14 | 21.67 | 8.21 |
| Example set after 86 days | 0.52 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.07 | 0.00 | 9.50 | 3.26 | 7.38 |
In the table: TN represents that total nitrogen, TP represent that total phosphorus, DP represent titanium pigment, NH
4 +-N represents ammonia nitrogen, NO
2 --N represents nitrite nitrogen, COD
MnExpression potassium permanganate salt index, Chla represent chlorophyll a, and PH represents pH-value.
Example 2:
Dispose of sewage and take from Zhejiang Hangzhou Zhejiang University Hua Jiachi school district legendary god of farming fishing platform Chi Shui, other adds the bed mud of taking from the West Lake, with this as low eutrophy sewage.Administered the waters for every cube and placed 0.24 square metre of described lawn.The experiment way of contrast is with example 1.After experiment was carried out about 86 days, water quality had clear improvement: TN reduces 89.5%, and TP reduces 82.1%, and concrete numerical value sees Table 2.Respectively its overground part plant and root system have been carried out the analysis of nitrogen phosphorus after the rye grass results: TN accounts for 1.89% in the overground part plant, and TP accounts for 0.48%, and TN accounts for 1.07% in the root system, and TP accounts for 0.52%.
Table 2
| The water quality reference index | TN (mg/l) | TP (mg/l) | DP (mg/l) | NH 4 +-N (mg/l) | NO 2 --N (mg/l) | COD Mn (mg/l) | Chla (ug/l) | PH |
| Initially | 4.73 | 0.20 | 0.02 | 3.46 | 0.18 | 17.50 | 106.69 | 8.47 |
| Control group after 86 days | 1.36 | 0.09 | 0.01 | 0.99 | 0.08 | 11.14 | 30.56 | 9.28 |
| Example set after 86 days | 0.49 | 0.04 | 0.00 | 0.10 | 0.00 | 9.19 | 12.83 | 7.29 |
Example 3:
Dispose of sewage and take from the Hua Jiachi school district fishpond Chi Shui of Zhejiang Hangzhou Zhejiang University, with this as in eutrophy sewage, administered the waters for every cube and placed 0.24 square metre of described lawn.The experiment way of contrast is with example 1.After experiment was carried out about 86 days, water quality had clear improvement: TN reduces 88.2%, and TP reduces 96.2%, and concrete numerical value sees Table 3.Respectively its overground part plant and root system have been carried out the analysis of nitrogen phosphorus after the rye grass results: TN accounts for 1.76% in the overground part plant, and TP accounts for 0.28%, and TN accounts for 1.31% in the root system, and TP accounts for 0.52%.
Table 3
| The water quality reference index | TN (mg/l) | TP (mg/l) | DP (mg/l) | NH 4 +-N (mg/l) | NO 2 --N (mg/l) | COD Mn (mg/l) | Chla (ug/l) | PH |
| Initially | 8.84 | 2.82 | 1.73 | 16.50 | 0.74 | 43.46 | 141.93 | 8.01 |
| Control group after 86 days | 3.43 | 1.03 | 0.70 | 6.73 | 0.58 | 15.51 | 40.74 | 8.98 |
| Example set after 86 days | 1.05 | 0.11 | 0.02 | 0.24 | 0.01 | 4.88 | 9.86 | 7.20 |
Example 4:
Dispose of sewage and take from the Hua Jiachi school district fishpond Chi Shui of Zhejiang Hangzhou Zhejiang University, other adds the bed mud of taking from the West Lake, with this as in eutrophy sewage, administered the waters for every cube and placed 0.20 square metre of described lawn.The experiment way of contrast is with example 1.After experiment was carried out about 86 days, water quality had clear improvement: TN reduces 97.9%, and TP reduces 78.3%, and concrete numerical value sees Table 4.Respectively its overground part plant and root system have been carried out the analysis of nitrogen phosphorus after the rye grass results: TN accounts for 2.13% in the overground part plant, and TP accounts for 0.24%, and TN accounts for 1.79% in the root system, and TP accounts for 0.34%.
Table 4
| The water quality reference index | TN (mg/l) | TP (mg/l) | DP (mg/l) | NH 4 +-N (mg/l) | NO 2 --N (mg/l) | COD Mn (mg/l) | Chla (ug/l) | PH |
| Initially | 8.03 | 0.24 | 0.21 | 4.64 | 0.11 | 34.23 | 173.20 | 7.54 |
| Control group after 86 days | 0.95 | 0.09 | 0.03 | 1.91 | 0.03 | 20.91 | 62.55 | 9.66 |
| Example set after 86 days | 0.17 | 0.05 | 0.00 | 0.19 | 0.00 | 7.41 | 5.62 | 7.22 |
Example 5:
Dispose of sewage and take from the tail water of Zhejiang Hangzhou four fort sewage works, as heavy eutrophy sewage, administered the waters for every cube and place 0.30 square metre of described lawn with this.The experiment way of contrast is with example 1.After experiment was carried out about 86 days, water quality had clear improvement: TN reduces 96.7%, and TP reduces 93.9%, and concrete numerical value sees Table 5.Respectively its overground part plant and root system have been carried out the analysis of nitrogen phosphorus after the rye grass results: TN accounts for 1.50% in the overground part plant, and TP accounts for 0.33%, and TN accounts for 1.55% in the root system, and TP accounts for 0.45%.
Table 5
| The water quality reference index | TN (mg/l) | TP (mg/l) | DP (mg/l) | NH 4 +-N (mg/l) | NO 2 --N (mg/l) | COD Mn (mg/l) | Chla (ug/l) | PH |
| Initially | 19.83 | 1.90 | 1.67 | 16.52 | 0.08 | 21.91 | 68.29 | 7.59 |
| Control group after 86 days | 10.02 | 1.02 | 0.78 | 8.63 | 1.91 | 14.25 | 162.16 | 8.05 |
| Example set after 86 days | 0.66 | 0.11 | 0.00 | 0.41 | 0.00 | 3.61 | 15.30 | 7.14 |
Example 6:
Dispose of sewage and take from the tail water of Zhejiang Hangzhou four fort sewage works, other adds the bed mud of taking from the West Lake,, is administered the waters for every cube and places 0.30 square metre of described lawn as heavy eutrophy sewage with this.The experiment way of contrast is with example 1.After experiment was carried out about 86 days, water quality had clear improvement: TN reduces 97.8%, and TP reduces 84.7%, and concrete numerical value sees Table 6.Respectively its overground part plant and root system have been carried out the analysis of nitrogen phosphorus after the rye grass results: TN accounts for 1.76% in the overground part plant, and TP accounts for 0.34%, and TN accounts for 2.03% in the root system, and TP accounts for 0.66%.
Table 6
| The water quality reference index | TN (mg/l) | TP (mg/l) | DP (mg/l) | NH 4 +-N (mg/l) | NO 2 --N (mg/l) | COD Mn (mg/l) | Chla (ug/l) | PH |
| Initially | 21.46 | 0.83 | 0.58 | 18.19 | 0.07 | 25.05 | 69.65 | 7.64 |
| Control group after 86 days | 6.44 | 0.27 | 0.12 | 5.95 | 1.13 | 14.05 | 128.03 | 7.92 |
| Example set after 86 days | 0.47 | 0.13 | 0.01 | 0.30 | 0.00 | 5.16 | 10.86 | 7.20 |
Description of drawings
The actual user mode synoptic diagram of the method for Fig. 1 improvement enriched surface water of the present invention.
Embodiment
A kind of method of administering enriched surface water, carry out following steps successively:
1), make carrier: be sewn into the flat cloth bag of one one end opening earlier with the useless cloth of chemical fibre, the cloth bag height is about 5～6cm; An amount of foam beads of packing in the bag then; Foam beads is adorned too much unsuitablely, the cloth bag internal pore is very few, water permeability is poor otherwise can make, thereby cause the rye grass root system can't normal growth and influence plant-growth and wastewater treatment efficiency, therefore generally be controlled in every cubic metre the cloth bag 5000～10000 gram foam beads evenly are set.Cloth bag is made by the useless cloth of chemical fibre and is formed, because the useless cloth of chemical fibre has low, corrosion-resistant, the easy permeable advantage of cost.Then sack is sewed up, shakeout; On cloth bag, evenly add some lines of seam at last, cloth bag is divided into several zonules, play fixedly to shakeout cloth bag, run everywhere, specifically add several lines of seam and decide by the cloth bag size with the foam beads that prevents the cloth bag the inside.Carrier is just made and has been finished like this.
2), rye grass is cultivated in advance: ryegrass seed is soaked, place in the incubator and cultivated under 28～32 ℃ temperature 22～26 hours; Ryegrass seed after will cultivating then is according to 28～35g/m
2Ratio evenly spill in (being the ryegrass seed after the carrier upper surface sowing 28～35g of every square meter cultivates) on the wetted carrier, place under the temperature about 20 ℃ again, under competent illumination condition, plant, need timely moisturizing to urge seedling in the plantation process, if the seedling poor growth is then reseeded; Finally make lawn 1.
3), administer enriched surface water: as shown in Figure 1, place anistree anchor 2 being administered the surface, waters earlier, this anistree anchor 2 is the anistree anchor of piped made with PVC (in fill the close foam pipe of diameter); When treating that rye grass on the lawn 1 grows to 7.0～10.0cm, more above-mentioned 4 lawns 1 are moved in the anistree anchor 2; Utilize the root system of rye grass to absorb nitrogen and phosphorous nutrient superfluous in the water.Gather in when treating that described rye grass grows to 80～100cm or every 2～3 months.
At last, it is also to be noted that what more than enumerate only is a specific embodiment of the present invention.Obviously, the invention is not restricted to above embodiment, many distortion can also be arranged.All distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive or associate from content disclosed by the invention all should be thought protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of method of administering enriched surface water is characterized in that may further comprise the steps successively:
1), makes carrier: in the flat cloth bag of sealing, foam beads is set evenly and makes carrier; Described cloth bag height is less than 6cm;
2), rye grass is cultivated in advance: ryegrass seed is soaked, place in the incubator and cultivated under 28～32 ℃ temperature 22～26 hours; Ryegrass seed after will cultivating then is according to 28～35g/m
2Ratio evenly spill in planting on the wetted carrier, make the lawn;
3), administer enriched surface water: when treating that rye grass on the described lawn grows to 7～10cm, described lawn moved into administered the surface, waters, utilize the root system of rye grass to absorb nitrogen and phosphorous nutrient superfluous in the water; Administered the waters for every cube and placed 0.2～0.3 square metre of described lawn.
2, the method for improvement enriched surface water according to claim 1 is characterized in that: after the described step 3), gather in when treating that described rye grass grows to 80～100cm or every 2～3 months.
3, the method for improvement enriched surface water according to claim 2 is characterized in that: in the described step 1), 5000～10000 gram foam beads are set evenly in described every cubic metre the cloth bag.
4, the method for improvement enriched surface water according to claim 3 is characterized in that: in the described step 3), being administered the anistree anchor that waters surface placement can float on the water surface, more described lawn is moved in the anistree anchor earlier.
5, the method for improvement enriched surface water according to claim 4 is characterized in that: in the described step 1), described cloth bag is made by the useless cloth of chemical fibre and is formed.
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| CNB2005100604500A CN1315740C (en) | 2005-08-23 | 2005-08-23 | Method for treating enriched surface water |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100604500A CN1315740C (en) | 2005-08-23 | 2005-08-23 | Method for treating enriched surface water |
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| CNB2005100604500A Expired - Fee Related CN1315740C (en) | 2005-08-23 | 2005-08-23 | Method for treating enriched surface water |
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| CN101575225B (en) * | 2009-06-04 | 2012-07-04 | 天津师范大学 | Application of eutrophic water to improvement of photosynthetic capacity of lawn plants |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5393426A (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1995-02-28 | Phytotech, Inc. | Method for removing soluble metals from an aqueous phase |
| CN1218772A (en) * | 1997-12-01 | 1999-06-09 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Technology for purifying waste water by using flower plants |
-
2005
- 2005-08-23 CN CNB2005100604500A patent/CN1315740C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5393426A (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1995-02-28 | Phytotech, Inc. | Method for removing soluble metals from an aqueous phase |
| CN1218772A (en) * | 1997-12-01 | 1999-06-09 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Technology for purifying waste water by using flower plants |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 黑麦草在净化富营养化水的人工湿地生态工程中的作用 牛晓音 葛滢 常杰 关保华 徐青山，湿地科学，第2卷第3期 2004 * |
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