CN1321213C - Smelting manufacturing method for high temperature ferric alloy - Google Patents
Smelting manufacturing method for high temperature ferric alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN1321213C CN1321213C CNB031505465A CN03150546A CN1321213C CN 1321213 C CN1321213 C CN 1321213C CN B031505465 A CNB031505465 A CN B031505465A CN 03150546 A CN03150546 A CN 03150546A CN 1321213 C CN1321213 C CN 1321213C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for smelting iron base high temperature alloy. The present invention is characterized in that in a common electric arc furnace, primary melting smelting is carried out according to a stainless steel return oxygen blast method; the iron base high temperature alloy whose ingredients are qualified is smelted in an AOD furnace; blast starting temperature is higher than or equal to 1540 DEG C, and oxygen blast is carried out in the whole process; at the beginning, mixed gas (argon to oxygen is 4 to 1) is blown in, decarburized and heated; when carbon is about 0.10%, mixed gas (argon to oxygen is 1 to 1) is blown in; the temperature is measured, samples are fetched and analyzed, and ingredients are regulated; when the carbon is about 0.03%, oxygen blast is stopped, and the total blasted argon is 500m#<3>/h; pre-reduction slag charges are added; pre-reduction time is eight minutes, the samples are completely analyzed, the slag is thoroughly removed, and reduction slag charges are added; Ar is blown for dissolving the slag for three minutes or more than three minutes; the Ar is blown for three minutes before tapping; pure Ti is put into a ladle in a slag-free tapping mode; crane ladle temperature is 1515 DEG C; finally, the ladle is cast into an electrode bar. The present invention has the advantages of simple smelting technology, low production cost and high metallurgy quality; the chemical composition of GH2132 iron base high temperature alloy produced by using the method meets inner control requirements, and the performance of the GH2132 iron base high temperature alloy meets the requirements of high quality standards of users.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the smelting and the casting process of metallurgy industry superalloy, refer in particular to the smelting and the casting process of iron-base superalloy.
Background technology
Superalloy is the necessary important meals material of modern aeroengine, rocket engine.It can bear life-time service under the big stress in high temperature (referring generally to 600～1000 ℃) oxidizing atmosphere and under the exhaust gas corrosion condition.Iron-base superalloy is common superalloy, and its alloying level is higher, particularly contains active alloying element (as aluminium, titanium) and the alloy clarity is had relatively high expectations, so require tighter to smelting technology.
At present, the smelting process of iron-base superalloy mainly contains " vacuum consumable induction furnace smelting+esr " or " electric arc furnace smelting+LF refining furnace+esr " two kinds of modes.Adopt " vacuum induction furnace " to smelt, has the advantage that metallurgical control is easy, alloy mass is good, (smelt about 10000 yuan of step expense/t), recovery rate of iron also lower (the electrode cutting head cutting tail of top teeming process cast is big, and recovery rate of iron is low) but smelting cost is very high; So most of producer adopts lower " electric arc furnace smelting+LF refining furnace " the smelting mode of smelting cost.
Difference according to furnace lining material, electric arc furnace can be divided into two kinds of salt solution furnace lining electric arc furnace, pitch furnace lining electric arc furnace, the furnace lining material of the two all adopts middle-grade magnesia brick (MgO content is 95%) adding additives, the former binding agent is bittern (MgCl2 solvent+magnesia), and latter's binding agent is that pitch adds 3～5% graphite.We know: when the salt solution furnace lining is made, brine magnesia brick before building by laying bricks or stones must carry out 100～200 ℃ low-temperature bake more than two days at special-purpose drying room, moisture content in the bittern is more in addition, salt solution stove after building by laying bricks or stones must baking be (too high as if storing temperature more than 5 days down at low temperature (promptly below 200 ℃), then can causing wherein, moisture has little time evaporation and makes the furnace lining explosion, but low-temperature bake is chronic, output is reduced, energy consumption increases, be unfavorable for that cost descends), so complex manufacturing technology, its price is 3 times of pitch furnace lining, and the life-span is 25 stoves/only only, still, the salt solution furnace lining has the not advantage of carbon containing (carbon content is up to 6～8% in the pitch furnace lining), can smelt superalloy kind and the ultra low-carbon steel higher to the C content requirement.Pitch furnace lining high-temperature corrosion resistance and oxidation-resistance are strong, can reach 80 stoves/only work-ing life, so use pitch furnace lining water instead of salt furnace lining imperative, yet, the composition of iron-base superalloy requires very strict, especially contains easily oxidation element such as C, Ti, Al, and very high to the requirement of inclusion and gas, not only difficulty is big for pitch furnace lining electric arc furnace smelting iron-base superalloy, and risk is also big.Therefore, during the electric arc furnace smelting iron-base superalloy, all be to adopt the salt solution furnace lining basically, rather than the relatively low pitch furnace lining of cost of manufacture.
In addition, produce the smelting mode of iron-base superalloy compares with " vacuum consumable induction furnace ", " salt solution furnace lining electric arc furnace smelting mode " is though have that smelting cost is low, the carbon-free advantage of furnace lining, but, because the characteristics of electric arc furnace own, during melting, the whipping performance of molten steel is relatively poor, effect to the obnoxious flavour in the removal molten steel, detrimental impurity is relatively poor, and sweetening effectiveness is also relatively poor; Secondly, because chromium (Cr) constituent content of iron-base superalloy is higher, easily cause the chromium segregation; In addition, during the electric arc furnace smelting iron-base superalloy, decarburization (C), degasifying effect are poor, thus very high to raw-material C content, N content requirement, cause material cost to rise (low C Chrome metal powder cost is much higher than high C Chrome metal powder).
Summary of the invention
The present invention develops a kind of smelting production method of iron-base superalloy, replace traditional " salt solution furnace lining electric arc furnace smelting and casting " with " the electric arc furnace fusing mode that molten steel+the AOD stove is smelted and cast ", produce the electrode bar of the iron-base superalloy of conformance with standard requirement, reduce smelting cost, satisfy customer requirements and market demand.
The smelting production method of a kind of iron-base superalloy provided by the invention is characterized in that: at first in the ordinary arc furnace of salt solution furnace lining or pitch furnace lining, starting material such as returns, alloy, auxiliary material are melted refining just; Carry out the melting of iron-base superalloy molten steel then at the AOD stove, smelt the qualified iron-base superalloy of composition; Finally be cast into electrode bar, carry out esr.
The first step in ordinary arc furnace, melts refining just to starting material such as returns, alloy, auxiliary materials.
When 1) smelting required starting material such as returns, alloy and auxiliary material batching, starting material carbon content unrestricted (because of AOD has good decarburization effect) is used high carbon alloy as far as possible, reduces smelting cost (low C Chrome metal powder cost is much higher than high C Chrome metal powder);
2) fusing refining just is by general stainless steel Returning blowing keto technique operation;
3) Composition Control: Cr lower limit, Ni: lower limit, Si :≤0.35%;
4) draw slag whole before the tapping, guarantee slag free tapping;
5) tapping temperature: T 〉=1630 ℃ (guarantee that AOD open blowing temp 〉=1540 ℃).
In second step, carry out the melting of iron-base superalloy molten steel at the AOD stove.By the AOD refining, realize the condition of carbon preferential oxidation in the high chromium steel liquid, stir and force deoxidation by intensive, quicken the reduction of chromic oxide in the slag, electric furnace is freed from the heavy burden of high chromium steel liquid decarburization.
1) AOD opens blowing temp 〉=1540 ℃, omnidistance Argon;
2) convert the complete slag part, thermometric, sampling analysis (1) of drawing of steel; And according to [Si] content adding lime in the molten steel, lime adding amount=(3.5～4.2) * G * [Si], G are steel-making molten steel in the stove weight; Be blown into argon, oxygen gas mixture in stove, proportionlity is O
2: Ar=4: 1, carry out decarburization, hyperthermic treatment at the AOD stove; Adjust composition according to analysis (1) result and to internal control, limit (Cr reclaims by 97% calculating, and the Ni recovery is pressed 100% and calculated);
3) thermometric, sampling analysis (2) when C is about 0.10% (calculating according to oxygen blast carbon drop formula), and switch argon, oxygen gas mixture flow proportional, proportionlity is O
2: Ar=1: 1, adjust composition according to analysis (2) result and to internal control, limit;
4) when C about 0.03% the time, stop oxygen blast, whole Argons, argon flow amount is 450～500m
3/ h; In stove, add the prereduction slag charge, the slag charge proportioning: the lime of (3.7～4.5) * G * [Si], 15～35Kg Si-Fe/ ton steel are (according to original molten steel composition and oxygen blast total, utilize Si oxidisability under the high temperature to be better than the characteristics of Cr, already oxidised chromium is restored, make total chromium recovery ratio reach 96～97%, reduce cost greatly), electrolytic manganese is an amount of, Al is an amount of;
5) prereduction time 5～10min, sampling total analysis (3), (4) also draw slag whole, add the reduction slag charge, the slag charge proportioning: 15～25Kg lime/ton steel, 0.6～1.0Kg fluorite/ton steel (that is to say, add with 3～5% of lime adding amount; Be used to improve the flowability of molten steel), Al is an amount of; Blow Arization slag 〉=3 minute, good for guaranteeing reduction, it is an amount of to add Si-Ca;
6) ar blowing refining before the tapping 〉=tapping after 3 minutes adds Al piece 0.8～1.3Kg/t with steel stream during tapping;
Be not with slag when 7) molten steel is come out of the stove, pure Ti puts into ladle;
8) the bull ladle temperature is: 1510～1520 ℃, join 0.004%～0.010% B (refinement alloy grain) before the bull ladle.
The 3rd step, adopt argon for protecting pouring technology (improve molten steel clarity), with reasonable pouring speed, control covering slag and molten steel evenly rise, and high-temperature molten steel is cast into electrode bar.
The furnace lining material of electric arc furnace adopts salt solution furnace lining, pitch furnace lining, (the pitch furnace lining has the advantage that cost of manufacture is low, moisture content is few preferably to adopt the pitch furnace lining, the good decarburization effect that has of AOD can remedy the higher defective of carbon content in its furnace lining in addition), reduce smelting cost.
Compare with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
1. smelting operation is simple.
2. equip and the technology highly versatile: its equipment all can be by generally containing the operation of Ti stainless steel with technology.
3. can use cheap high carbon alloy, reduce production costs greatly.
4.AOD good dynamic conditions is arranged, and the molten steel whipping force is strong, can impel inclusion floating, gas content improves the molten steel metallurgical quality near the level of vacuum decarburization method greatly in the steel.
Specific embodiments
Certain Iron And Steel Company's steelshop is implemented patent of the present invention; produce the iron-base superalloy of the 2 stove GH2132 trades mark, its technical process be 20 tons of ac arc furnaces (pitch furnace lining) fusings-→ 18 tons of AOD meltings-→ 18 of refining just ton LF refining furnace adjust-→ cast Φ 430 electrode bars (argon for protecting pouring).The first step, electric arc furnace (pitch furnace lining) fusing refining just: first furnace is identical with other general stainless steel operation, melts clearly and fluxes greater than 80% back oxygen blast; Molten steel temperature adds reductive agent prereduction during greater than 1660 ℃, and the total analysis of taking a sample after the prereduction draws slag whole; Adjust composition, Cr lower limit, Ni lower limit, Si≤0.35% according to analytical results; Temperature is greater than 1630 ℃ of tappings.In second step, carry out the melting of iron-base superalloy molten steel at the AOD stove: (1) AOD opens blowing temp 〉=1540 ℃, omnidistance Argon; (2) convert the complete slag part, thermometric T=1568 ℃, sampling analysis (a) of drawing of steel; Add lime (3.5～4.2) * G * [Si]=400Kg; In stove, be blown into argon, (proportionlity is O to oxygen gas mixture
2: Ar=4: 1), carry out decarburization, hyperthermic treatment at the AOD stove; Adjust composition according to analysis (a) result and to internal control, limit (Cr reclaims by 97% calculating, and the Ni recovery is pressed 100% and calculated); (3) T=1736 ℃ of thermometric, sampling analysis (b) when C is about 0.10% (calculating according to oxygen blast carbon drop formula), and switch argon, oxygen gas mixture flow (O
2: Ar=1: 1); Adjusting composition according to analysis (b) result limits to internal control; (4) continue the oxygen blast carbon drop, when about 0.03% left and right sides of C, stop oxygen blast, whole Argons, argon flow amount is 480m
3/ h; Add the prereduction slag charge in stove, the slag charge proportioning: (3.5～4.2) * G * [Si]=600Kg lime, 430Kg Si-Fe (22Kg/ ton steel), electrolytic manganese is an amount of, Al is an amount of; (5) behind the prereduction time 7min, sampling total analysis (c, d) draws slag whole, adds the reduction slag charge, Argon slag 4 minutes, and good for guaranteeing reduction, it is an amount of to add Si-Ca; The slag charge proportioning: 300Kg lime, (3～5%) * 300Kg=15Kg fluorite, Al are an amount of; Adjust composition and advance internally controlling requirement according to analyzing (c, d) result; (6) draw slag whole before the tapping, thermometric T=1656 ℃ tapping is assigned to 0.60% according to the pure Ti of molten steel amount Bao Neijia, tapping Bi Baoneijia lime 300Kg.The 3rd step, adopt argon for protecting pouring technology, high-temperature molten steel is cast into 6 of Φ 430 electrode bars, the calm 6 minutes time, the duration of pouring 7min, melt mould, sticking iron mill are clean, cap mouth flash cuts only.Patent of the present invention has that smelting operation technology is simple, the restriction of starting material alloying ingredient less, metallurgical power learns that condition is good, production cost is low, the characteristics of equipment and technology highly versatile, implement the GH2132 iron-base superalloy that patent of the present invention is produced, its chemical ingredients satisfies internally controlling requirement fully, molten steel metallurgical quality height, the finished product made through electroslag and after forging, performance meets user's quality standard requirement.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of smelting production method of iron-base superalloy is characterized in that: at first in ordinary arc furnace, the starting material that comprise alloy, returns, auxiliary material are melted refining just; Carry out the melting of iron-base superalloy molten steel then at the AOD stove, smelt the qualified iron-base superalloy of composition; Finally be cast into electrode bar, carry out esr:
The first step, in ordinary arc furnace, starting material are melted refining just: when (1) smelted required starting material batching, raw-material carbon content was unrestricted; (2) fusing refining just is by general stainless steel Returning blowing keto technique operation; (3) Composition Control: Cr lower limit, Ni lower limit, Si≤0.35%; (4) draw slag whole before the tapping, slag free tapping; (5) tapping temperature: T 〉=1630 ℃;
In second step, carry out the melting of iron-base superalloy molten steel at the AOD stove: (1) AOD opens blowing temp 〉=1540 ℃, omnidistance Argon; (2) convert the complete slag part, thermometric, sampling analysis (a) of drawing of steel; And according to Si content adding lime in the molten steel, lime adding amount=(3.5～4.2) * G * [Si], G are steel-making molten steel in the stove weight, and [Si] is Si content in the molten steel; Be blown into argon, oxygen gas mixture in stove, proportionlity is O
2: Ar=4: 1, carry out decarburization, hyperthermic treatment at the AOD stove; Adjust composition to middle limit according to analyzing (a) result, Cr, the Ni rate of recovery are calculated by 97%, 100% respectively; (3) thermometric, sampling analysis (b) when C reduces to 0.10%, and switch argon, oxygen gas mixture flow proportional, proportionlity is O
2: Ar=1: 1, adjust composition to middle limit according to analyzing (b) result; (4) when C reduces to 0.03%, stop oxygen blast, whole Argons, argon flow amount is 450～500m
3/ h; Add the prereduction slag charge in stove, the slag charge proportioning: the lime of (3.7～4.5) * G * [Si], 15～35Kg Si-Fe alloy/ton steel, electrolytic manganese is an amount of, Al is an amount of; (5) prereduction time 5～10min, sampling total analysis (c, d) also draws slag whole, adds the reduction slag charge, the slag charge proportioning: 15～25Kg lime/ton steel, 0.6～1.0Kg fluorite/ton steel, Al are an amount of; Blow Arization slag time 〉=3 minute, it is an amount of to add Si-Ca; (6) Argon refining time before the tapping 〉=tapping after 3 minutes adds Al piece 0.8～1.3Kg/t with steel stream during tapping; Be not with slag when (7) molten steel is come out of the stove, pure Ti puts into ladle; (8) the bull ladle temperature is: 1510～1520 ℃, join 0.004%～0.010% B before the bull ladle;
The 3rd step, adopt argon for protecting pouring technology, control covering slag and molten steel evenly rise, and high-temperature molten steel is cast into electrode bar.
2, the smelting production method of a kind of iron-base superalloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the furnace lining material of ordinary arc furnace is salt solution furnace lining or pitch furnace lining.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB031505465A CN1321213C (en) | 2003-08-26 | 2003-08-26 | Smelting manufacturing method for high temperature ferric alloy |
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| CNB031505465A CN1321213C (en) | 2003-08-26 | 2003-08-26 | Smelting manufacturing method for high temperature ferric alloy |
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| CN1490425A CN1490425A (en) | 2004-04-21 |
| CN1321213C true CN1321213C (en) | 2007-06-13 |
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Families Citing this family (12)
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| CN100348765C (en) * | 2004-12-27 | 2007-11-14 | 宝钢集团上海第一钢铁有限公司 | Technique for smelting mother liquor of stainless steel from electric furnace |
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| CN101323927B (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2010-07-21 | 上海丰渠特种合金有限公司 | Method for producing high-temperature alloy by induction heating vacuum refining |
| CN101967610B (en) * | 2009-07-28 | 2012-07-04 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | High carbon high silicon martensite stainless steel billet and preparation method thereof |
| CN102013313A (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2011-04-13 | 惠州市科力磁元有限公司 | Manufacturing method of iron-silicon-aluminum magnetic powder core with high magnetic conductivity |
| CN106001339A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2016-10-12 | 钢铁研究总院华东分院 | Special steel manufacturing system adaptive to special smelting and forging new process and special smelting and forging new process |
| CN108642365B (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2020-11-10 | 兰州兰石集团有限公司 | High-purity duplex stainless steel smelting process capable of accurately controlling N content |
| CN110499404B (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2021-03-19 | 安徽富凯特材有限公司 | Smelting method of 12Cr2Ni4 steel |
| CN112575198A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-03-30 | 江苏新核合金科技有限公司 | Preparation method of high-temperature alloy material for locomotive motor retaining ring |
| CN113502370A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-10-15 | 东北特殊钢集团股份有限公司 | Method for smelting and adding titanium in high-titanium-iron-based wrought high-temperature alloy |
| CN113528928A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-10-22 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Iron-nickel base alloy continuous casting billet for precision strip steel and production method thereof |
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| JPS5690952A (en) * | 1979-12-17 | 1981-07-23 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Manufacture of stainless steel |
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