CN1516939B - Method and apparatus to send feedback from clients to server in content distribution broadcast system - Google Patents

Method and apparatus to send feedback from clients to server in content distribution broadcast system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1516939B
CN1516939B CN028119894A CN02811989A CN1516939B CN 1516939 B CN1516939 B CN 1516939B CN 028119894 A CN028119894 A CN 028119894A CN 02811989 A CN02811989 A CN 02811989A CN 1516939 B CN1516939 B CN 1516939B
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client
demand data
server
content
user
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CN028119894A
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CN1516939A (en
Inventor
杰伊·康奈利
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Intel Corp
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Intel Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H60/00—Arrangements for broadcast applications with a direct linking to broadcast information or broadcast space-time; Broadcast-related systems
    • H04H60/61—Arrangements for services using the result of monitoring, identification or recognition covered by groups H04H60/29-H04H60/54
    • H04H60/64—Arrangements for services using the result of monitoring, identification or recognition covered by groups H04H60/29-H04H60/54 for providing detail information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/437—Interfacing the upstream path of the transmission network, e.g. for transmitting client requests to a VOD server
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H60/00—Arrangements for broadcast applications with a direct linking to broadcast information or broadcast space-time; Broadcast-related systems
    • H04H60/02—Arrangements for generating broadcast information; Arrangements for generating broadcast-related information with a direct linking to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time; Arrangements for simultaneous generation of broadcast information and broadcast-related information
    • H04H60/06—Arrangements for scheduling broadcast services or broadcast-related services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H60/00—Arrangements for broadcast applications with a direct linking to broadcast information or broadcast space-time; Broadcast-related systems
    • H04H60/29—Arrangements for monitoring broadcast services or broadcast-related services
    • H04H60/33—Arrangements for monitoring the users' behaviour or opinions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H60/00—Arrangements for broadcast applications with a direct linking to broadcast information or broadcast space-time; Broadcast-related systems
    • H04H60/35—Arrangements for identifying or recognising characteristics with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time, e.g. for identifying broadcast stations or for identifying users
    • H04H60/46—Arrangements for identifying or recognising characteristics with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time, e.g. for identifying broadcast stations or for identifying users for recognising users' preferences
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
    • H04N21/262—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists
    • H04N21/26258—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists for generating a list of items to be played back in a given order, e.g. playlist, or scheduling item distribution according to such list
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/433—Content storage operation, e.g. storage operation in response to a pause request, caching operations
    • H04N21/4331—Caching operations, e.g. of an advertisement for later insertion during playback
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/442—Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed, the storage space available from the internal hard disk
    • H04N21/44213—Monitoring of end-user related data
    • H04N21/44222—Analytics of user selections, e.g. selection of programs or purchase activity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/45—Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies, resolving scheduling conflicts
    • H04N21/4508—Management of client data or end-user data
    • H04N21/4532—Management of client data or end-user data involving end-user characteristics, e.g. viewer profile, preferences
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/47—End-user applications
    • H04N21/475—End-user interface for inputting end-user data, e.g. personal identification number [PIN], preference data
    • H04N21/4756—End-user interface for inputting end-user data, e.g. personal identification number [PIN], preference data for rating content, e.g. scoring a recommended movie
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/65—Transmission of management data between client and server
    • H04N21/654—Transmission by server directed to the client
    • H04N21/6543—Transmission by server directed to the client for forcing some client operations, e.g. recording
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/65—Transmission of management data between client and server
    • H04N21/658—Transmission by the client directed to the server
    • H04N21/6582—Data stored in the client, e.g. viewing habits, hardware capabilities, credit card number
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
    • H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
    • H04N21/84—Generation or processing of descriptive data, e.g. content descriptors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/173—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
    • H04N7/17309—Transmission or handling of upstream communications
    • H04N7/17318—Direct or substantially direct transmission and handling of requests

Abstract

Methods and apparatuses providing feedback to a server from a client in a content distribution broadcast system. In one aspect, feedback is sent from a client to a server in response to a trigger. In another aspect, feedback is sent after a predetermined amount of time has lapsed. In yet another aspect, feedback is sent after a rankings or ratings have been generated for a predetermined number of pieces of content. In still another aspect, feedback is sent after a predetermined amount of content has been consumed. In yet another aspect, feedback is sent when the amount of unconsumed content is less than a predetermined threshold amount.

Description

In the content release broadcast system, send the method and apparatus of feedback to server from the client
Technical field
Relate generally to broadcast system of the present invention more particularly, the present invention relates to provide as required content in broadcast system.
Background technology
Broadcast system traditionally from server system to a plurality of client folk prescriptions to sending data.Client system user is typically according to consuming like that from the signal of server system reception that signal is broadcasted.Provide content to relate to continuously and/or broadcast the server system of identical data to user's a example as required with the staggered time interval.Therefore, if the user need consume certain content section or data file as required, one of repeated broadcast of user's this content of " calling in (tune in) " then.An example of this example can illustrate with " pay-per-view " film now, and these films can obtain from wired or satellite television supplier.For example, the cable TV supplier usually with the staggered time interval at the identical film of a plurality of channel repeated broadcast.Hope " as required " watches the user of certain movie as long as call in one of channel of the required film of broadcasting on it in one of time started of broadcasting this film.Continuous and the repeated broadcast of identical data or program causes the very inefficient use of broadcast bandwidth.Otherwise, be used for bandwidth at a plurality of channel repeated broadcast identical datas and can be used for broadcasting different pieces of information.
In broadcast system, provide as required another example of content relate to the user record particular data file and afterwards " as required " visit this data file.Continue television broadcasting example discussed above, the example of this example is that the user is provided with his or her video tape recorder (VCR) and writes down required TV programme.After, when the user wished that " as required " watches this TV programme, this user was as long as play the previous program that writes down from his or her VCR.Recently, can obtain more senior digital video recorder, digital video recorder is in the broadcasting of record television on the hard disk of inside rather than on the employed video tape of traditional VCR.Yet, require the user clearly be provided with service condition (for example date, time) determine on internal hard drive which broadcasting of record aspect, the use of digital video recorder is similar to traditional VCR.
Another restriction of broadcast system now is to be difficult to provide feedback about program to the broadcasting station concerning most of users of client.For example, continue television broadcasting example discussed above, the television broadcasting station of many today relies on Nielsen rating (Nielson ratings) to determine broadcast program and/or arrangement of time.Nielsen rating is the little sampling based on public's sample usually.Therefore, most of televiewers have only quite little influence or not influence to broadcasting schedule and/or content.
Summary of the invention
The invention discloses a kind of method, comprising: receive description in the customers' place from server and be considered to be used for the content descriptors of the inclusive segment of broadcasting in the future; Produce the demand data of the relative desirability of the described inclusive segment of the described content descriptors of indication in described customers' place; And since demand data feedback being sent to described server, used the predetermined content hop count and after a plurality of inclusive segments of having graded of having counted for predetermined threshold have generated the described demand data relevant with employed inclusive segment from last time, send the demand data feedback from described client to described server, the indication of described demand data feedback can be used for the relative desirability of the inclusive segment of broadcasting in the future.
The invention also discloses a kind of system, comprising: server; And one or more clients of being coupled to described server, wherein said server is coupled with to described one or more client's broadcasted content descriptors, and described content descriptors is described and is considered to be used for the inclusive segment that sends in the future; Each is coupled wherein said one or more client to produce the demand data of the relative desirability of indicating the described described inclusive segment of described content descriptors; Each is coupled wherein said one or more client with after having used the predetermined content hop count and generated the described demand data relevant with employed inclusive segment for a plurality of inclusive segments of having graded that corresponding each client among the described client has counted for predetermined threshold since from last time demand data feedback corresponding each client from described client being sent to described server, to described server transmission demand data feedback, the indication of described demand data feedback can be used for the relative desirability of the content of transmission in the future.
Description of drawings
Mode with example illustrates the present invention, and is not limited to accompanying drawing.
Figure 1A is the block diagram of diagram according to an embodiment of the broadcast system of instruction of the present invention.
Figure 1B is the block diagram of diagram according to another embodiment of the broadcast system of instruction of the present invention.
Fig. 1 C is the block diagram of diagram according to another embodiment of the broadcast system of instruction of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram according to an embodiment of the computer system of the representative client of instruction of the present invention or server.
Fig. 3 illustrates according to the flow chart that is taught in an embodiment of the incident flow process among server and the client of the present invention, and this server and client have the multistage content descriptors of broadcasting to the client and feed back to the multistage demand data that server sends with further describing property content and from the client.
Fig. 4 A to 4C be diagram according to instruction of the present invention from the flow chart of server to the various embodiment of the content descriptors file of client broadcasting.
Fig. 5 A to 5E is a diagram according to the flow chart of the various embodiment of the demand data feedback that sends to server from the client of instruction of the present invention.
Fig. 6 be diagram according to instruction of the present invention when processing from the content descriptors of server broadcast during with maintenance content descriptor table and demand data table, the flow chart of the embodiment of the incident flow process among the client.
Fig. 7 is the example by an example of the content descriptors of server broadcast according to instruction of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is being upgraded and the example of an example of the content descriptors table safeguarded by the client according to instruction of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is being upgraded and the example of an example of the demand data table safeguarded by the client according to instruction of the present invention.
Figure 10 is a diagram according to the chart by an embodiment of the data file of user classification of instruction of the present invention.
Figure 11 is a diagram according to the chart of an embodiment of the content descriptors table that upgrades in response to user classification of instruction of the present invention.
Figure 12 is the chart of diagram according to an embodiment of the content descriptors table that upgrades after user capture of instruction of the present invention.
Figure 13 is the chart of diagram according to an embodiment of the demand data table that upgrades after user capture of instruction of the present invention.
Figure 14 is the chart of diagram according to another embodiment of the content descriptors table that upgrades after another user capture of instruction of the present invention.
Embodiment
In one aspect of the invention, the method and apparatus that uses the multistage broadcast system to determine the content broadcasting schedule is disclosed.In another aspect of the present invention, the method and apparatus that is used for sending to the client from server content descriptors is disclosed.In another aspect of the present invention, the method and apparatus that is used for sending to server from the client demand data is disclosed.In the following description, in order to provide thorough of the present invention a large amount of concrete details have been illustrated.Yet, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that and implement unessential these concrete details that adopt of the present invention.In other example, do not describe material known or method in detail for fear of obscuring the present invention.
Quote expression described concrete feature, structure or the characteristic relevant with this embodiment to " embodiment " or " embodiment " in the whole specification comprise at least one embodiment of the present invention.Therefore, each local phrase " in one embodiment " that occurs or " in an embodiment " differ to establish a capital and refer to identical embodiment in whole specification.In addition, in one or more embodiments, can described concrete feature, structure or characteristic be combined in any suitable mode.
Figure 1A is the example according to an embodiment of the broadcast system of instruction of the present invention.As described among the embodiment illustrated like that, configuration broadcast operation center or server 103 are with to a plurality of clients 105,107 and 109 broadcast messages.In the embodiment shown in Figure 1A, client 105 receives broadcasting from server 103 by the link 115 from broadcast antenna 111.Similarly, client 107 receives from the broadcasting of server 103 by link 117 and client 109 receives broadcasting from server 103 by the link 119 from broadcast antenna 111.In one embodiment, link 115,117 and 119 is uni-directional wireless radio frequency (RF) links from broadcast antenna, described link is the signal form of broadcasting by air with all amplitude modulation as is well known (AM) or frequency modulation (FM) radio signal, TV (TV) signal and digital video broadcasting (DVB) signal etc., but is not limited thereto.
In one embodiment, configuration server 103 can be by client 105,107 and 109 a plurality of data files or the multistage contents that receive with broadcasting.In one embodiment, described data file can be the combination in any of a plurality of dissimilar files, and described different file type comprises for example video, audio frequency, picture, text and multimedia etc.After receiving these files, they can be by client 105,107 or 109 real time access, shunting or consumption, perhaps can buffer memory or store these files in order to consumption later on.For the purpose of explaining, the data file of broadcasting for the many examples supposition servers that help description the present invention to provide in the disclosure is an audio/video file, for example has the film of mobile image and sound.Yet, should understand according to instruction of the present invention, the data file of broadcasting is not only limited to audio/video file.
Embodiment shown in Figure 1A is illustrated like that, is single channel or unidirectional link between server 103 and client 105,107 and 109.Yet in another embodiment, should understand between server 103 and each client 105,107 and 109 to have communication link respectively.Specifically, Figure 1B be the broadcast system of Figure 1A increased each client 105,107 and 109 and server 103 between " backward channel " or the example of communication link.Specifically, illustrated embodiment shows and can be used to send a message back to the link 121,123 and 125 of server 103 by client 105,107 and 109 respectively among Figure 1B.Though in Figure 1B link 121,123 and 125 be illustrated as client 105,107 and 109 and server 103 between direct link, but should understand, client 105,107 and 109 can pass through such as, but not limited to indirect links such as broadcast wireless signal and network services to server 103 transmission information.In one embodiment, suppose that link 121,123 and 125 is to have than link 115,117 and 119 being connected of low bandwidth more.For example, link 121,123 and 125 can be to connect such as the low bandwidth that the modulator-demodulator by public exchanging telephone network is connected etc., and link 115,117 and 119 to be high bandwidths such as television broadcasting, cable tv broadcast and satellite television broadcasting etc. be connected.
Fig. 1 C is the example according to another embodiment of the broadcast system of instruction of the present invention.As shown in the figure, coupling server 103 is to pass through network 113 to a plurality of clients 105,107 and 109 broadcast messages.In one embodiment, network 113 can be the communication network of any kind, and such as but not limited to internet, wide area network (WAN), Local Area Network and Intranet etc., wherein multiple different equipment can communicate by described communication network.
Among Fig. 1 C in the illustrated embodiment, coupling client 105 is to communicate by link 115 and broadcasting from server 103.Similarly, coupling client 107 is communicating by link 117 and server 103, and coupling client 109 is to communicate by link 119 and server 103.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of diagram according to an embodiment of the machine 201 that can be used as server 103 or client 105,107 or 109 of instruction of the present invention.In one embodiment, machine 201 is computer or the devices that comprise the processor 203 that is coupled to bus 207.In one embodiment, internal memory 205, memory 211, display controller 209, communication interface 213, i/o controller 215 and Audio Controller 227 also all are coupled to bus 207.
In one embodiment, machine 201 is connected to external system by communication interface 213.Communication interface 213 can comprise the radio transceiver compatible with AM, FM, TV, digital TV, DVB and radiophone signal etc.Communication interface 213 can also comprise analog modem, Integrated Service Digital Network modulator-demodulator, cable modem, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) modulator-demodulator, T-1 line interface, T-3 line interface, optical carrier interface (for example OC-3), token ring interface, satellite transmission interface, wave point or other interface, so that device coupled is arrived miscellaneous equipment.
In one embodiment, by communication interface 213 reception carrier signals 223 to communicate by letter with antenna 111.In one embodiment, reception/transmission carrier signal 225 between communication interface 213 and network 113.In one embodiment, signal of communication 225 can be used for machine 201 is connected with another computer system, hub, interchanger and router etc.In one embodiment, carrier signal 223 and 225 is considered to machine readable media, and it can wait by lead, cable, optical fiber or by air and send.
In one embodiment, processor 203 can be traditional microprocessor, such as but not limited to the x86 of Intel or Pentium series microprocessor, motorola series microprocessor etc.Internal memory 205 can be the machine readable media such as dynamic random access memory (DRAM), and can comprise static RAM (SRAM).Display controller 209 is controlled display 219 in a conventional manner, and in one embodiment, described display 219 can be cathode ray tube (CRT), LCD (LCD), active-matrix display screen and televimonitor etc.The input-output apparatus 217 that is coupled to i/o controller 215 can be keyboard, disc driver, printer, scanner and other input-output apparatus that comprises TV remote controller, mouse, tracking ball (trackball), tracking plate (trackpad) and joystick etc.In one embodiment, Audio Controller 227 is control audio output 231 in a conventional manner, and described audio frequency output 231 can comprise for example audio tweeter, earphone, audio receiver and loudspeaker etc.In one embodiment, controller is control audio input 229 in a conventional manner also, and described audio frequency input 229 can comprise microphone for example or from the input of audio frequency apparatus or musical instruments etc.
In one embodiment, memory 211 can comprise the machine readable media such as but not limited to magnetic hard-disk, floppy disk, CD, smart card or another form data storage.In one embodiment, memory 211 can comprise and can remove medium, read-only medium, readable/writable media etc.In computer system 201, can be the term of execution of software by the direct memory access process with in some data write memories 205.Should understand software and can reside in memory 211, the internal memory 205, perhaps can send or receive by modulator-demodulator or communication interface 213.
For the purpose of this specification, term " machine readable media " should comprise can store data, information or any medium that can the coded command sequence, and wherein said command sequence is carried out so that processor 203 is carried out method of the present invention by processor 203.Term " machine readable media " should include but not limited to solid-state memory, CD and disk, carrier signal etc.
In one embodiment, configuration such as to Figure 1A-1C in any one similar broadcast system in illustrated those broadcast systems, make server 103 to a plurality of clients 105,107 and a plurality of data files of 109 broadcasting.As following will go through more, according to an embodiment of the invention the instruction, each in a plurality of data files all uses metadata (meta-data) or content descriptors to describe.Usually, content descriptors can think that one group is used to describe in the multistage the perhaps descriptor of data file or property value, in the wherein said multistage perhaps data file can maybe may be broadcasted from server 103 broadcasting.Content descriptors of the present invention provides information, and this information makes client 105,107 and 109 can infer and be apprised of the decision about the content data file that will broadcast after the server 103.Such just as will be discussed, various embodiment of the present invention use filtration, storage administration and other personalization technology of content descriptors to be used for client, and provide the demand data feedback to determine the broadcasting schedule and the content of server broadcast in the future.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart 301 of the implementation of diagram instruction according to an embodiment of the invention.Specifically, flow chart 301 illustrate use the multistage process from the broadcast operation center or server to an embodiment of the content distributed content delivering system of one or more clients.Shown in process square frame 303, server is to one or more client's broadcasted content descriptors.Square frame 305 illustrates content descriptors and is received by one or more client.In one embodiment, content descriptors comprises that the metadata or the property value that are used for describing the content obtained that may serviced device broadcasting are right.As discussing,, has a plurality of different embodiment that content descriptors is sent to the client from server according to instruction of the present invention below with reference to Fig. 4 A to 4C.In one embodiment, connect or other standard, the client can be divided in the specific group based on geographical, network.
Square frame 309 shows behind the received content descriptor, and the user upgrades their content descriptors table and demand data table.Such just as will be discussed in detail, in various embodiment of the present invention, the client uses content descriptors table and demand data table in the process of creating demand data.For purpose of the present disclosure, " demand data " is the client to the expression of the desirability of the certain content section that can obtain from server.Therefore, the inclusive segment of high " demand " will have the desirability of high level, and the inclusive segment in " demand " will not have the desirability of relative low degree.
Data can cause the demand with the variety of way that comprises rank, grading etc.For example, by producing the ordered list that at least some can obtain the content rank, can determine demand data.Rank has been set up the relative order that can obtain content in the content choice.In another embodiment, can determine demand data by the absolute grading ordered series of numbers table that produces some or all inclusive segments.Give concrete desirability value by the user to every section content, can realize grading.The existing content of buffer memory in the particular customer system can be considered or can not considered to demand data.By considering user feedback that the customer is clear and definite or based on last user's action or content of consumption, data can cause the demand.
Square frame 313 shows demand data feedback and sends it back server from the client then, and square frame 307 shows server and receives the demand data feedback from the client.As the discussion of carrying out below with reference to Fig. 5 A to 5E,, have a plurality of different embodiment that can send demand data to server from each client according to instruction of the present invention.For example, can be in real time or send demand data in batches.Demand data can be represented and can obtain the content or the feedback of partial content just from the user to all.In addition, from the triggering of server or based on some rule, feedback can be sent independently by the client by response.
Square frame 311 shows server and creates the demand data feedback that the highest desired content tabulation receives from the client with response then.In one embodiment, described tabulation is based on demand data feedback, the tabulation of scope from the high requirements content to low desired content that is received from the client.In one embodiment, the serviced device of tabulation is used for distinguishing the order of priority of broadcasted content.For example, in one embodiment, the broadcasting before low desired content broadcasting of high requirements content.In some instances, server may never be broadcasted rank or the lower desired content of grading.
In one embodiment, it is supermatic should understanding the transmission content descriptors in this stage and receive demand data feedback from the client, and can be transparent to the user.In one embodiment, be used for causing the demand data rank or rating system can use or can not use be used for catching the identical algorithm of those algorithms with buffer memory multistage content by the client when the server broadcast.
In the next stage, square frame 315 shows server to one or more further describing property of clients' broadcasting contents, and square frame 317 shows the client and receives described further describing property content.In one embodiment, described the further describing property content that is sent is limited to the smaller portions that can obtain content.As indicating in the tabulation of being created at square frame 311, by described this smaller portions content of further describing property content be confirmed as be more may demand content.In one embodiment, the client filters the further describing property content that server sent in the square frame 315.Therefore, the further describing property content description of client institute buffer memory more may be by the multistage content of client's rank, grading and/or consumption.In another embodiment, carry out filtration in the square frame 317.
Should recognize this stage in process, in order to receive the user feedback of more demand data form, the content distributed part of server among embodiment.In one embodiment, further describing property content comprises the part of content, and compare its transmission with actual content more cheap.For example, suppose that can obtain content comprises film, further describing property content can comprise movie trailer, placard (box art), prize-winning situation, film scene etc.In the situation of connection music, further describing property content can comprise album joint, disc preview, about historical information of music artist etc.
Square frame 321 shows then at customer's update content descriptor table and demand data table.In one embodiment, in response to clear and definite such as rank or grading user feedback and the renewal of content descriptors table and demand data table takes place.For example, by such as see the user may be interested in potentially consumption movie trailer and/or listen the album joint, the user can check further describing property content.After the further describing property content in having checked the client that is buffered in the user, the user can provide the clearly feedback of whether being interested in to consume whole section content about the user.
Square frame 325 shows then the demand data feedback that will upgrade and sends it back server from the client, and square frame 319 shows server and receives described demand data from (a plurality of) client.Square frame 323 shows then the demand data that the highest desired content tabulation of further refining receives from (a plurality of) client with response.Therefore, by receive feedback from the client in a plurality of stages, server can better be determined the multistage content that the client more may consume.
In one embodiment, loop back square frame 315 and loop back square frame 317 from the process of square frame 323 from the process of square frame 325.In one embodiment, this circulation can repeat repeatedly up to the highest desired content tabulation by refining or narrow down to the degree that needs.After this manner, embodiments of the invention can come further refining or dwindle the highest desired content tabulation based on clear and definite feedback.Therefore, when server is finally selected the multistage content of broadcasting, will consume this content, will have greatly and hold for the user.In one embodiment, because clear and definite user feedback is more accurate than feeding back automatically usually, so compare with the feedback of the automatic generation that does not have clear and definite user feedback, clear and definite user feedback is given bigger weight.
In one embodiment, when further describing property of transmission content, each partial content that tracking server sends.Specifically, system maintenance and keeping track of content section are so that finally send in following last and complete content relevant with each partial content of its situation of any client requests.Therefore user's expectation obtains management, because the user has involved in this part of rank or rating system.
As mentioned above, the client among embodiment can filter the further describing property content application that receives in the square frame 317.Therefore, be buffered in further describing property content relation among the client and more may wish the multistage content of consuming to the user.As a result, this system can send more total the further describing property content than single client's energy buffer memory in square frame 315.For example, suppose that client has 5G (gigabyte) memory capacity can be used for the further describing property content that server sends at square frame 315.By in square frame 317, use filtering, for example 5G among the 20G altogether that client sends caching server.In addition, the multistage content that more may consume to the user of further describing property of the 5G content relation of client institute buffer memory.And, filtering by in square frame 317, using, the user will will describe the user's interest content to the further describing property content of institute's buffer memory and have bigger assurance.Because the user will have bigger assurance, therefore will carry out clearly rank or grading so that the demand data of renewal to be provided in square frame 325 to content for the user, bigger possibility will be arranged.
In one embodiment, the tabulating result of can memory response in square frame 311, creating in the demand data that in square frame 307, receives.In the case, because the demand data that receives in the square frame 307 may produce automatically, so the tabulation of the refining of creating in square frame 323 in response to the data that receive in the square frame 319 has been endowed bigger weight.In another embodiment, in case in square frame 323 list producing of refining, just no longer consider the tabulation of creating in the square frame 311.
In the next stage, square frame 327 shows the serviced then device broadcasting of selected multistage content, and square frame 329 shows the client and receives described content.In one embodiment, clearly do not provide the situation of active feedback except there being the client sending in the demand data of server in square frame 325, any inclusive segment that sends in square frame 315 described in client's the further describing property content finally all is included in the broadcasting of square frame 327.
As discussed in more detail below, in one embodiment, square frame 331 shows the client and optionally stores the multistage content according to the demand data table of being safeguarded by each particular customer then.In one embodiment, content descriptors table and the demand data table on each client is updated then if square frame 333 shows that content is consumed.The demand data that square frame 335 shows renewal is sent out back server then so that the tabulation of refining can the further refining of serviced device.
As mentioned above, have a plurality of different embodiment,, can send and by client's received content descriptor file from server wherein according in the square frame 303 and 305 that is taught in Fig. 3 of the present invention.For example, Fig. 4 A illustrates content descriptors from the flow chart 401 of server to one or more client's broadcasting.In illustrated embodiment, square frame 403 shows from server broadcast content descriptors broadcasting schedule signal, and square frame 405 shows client's received content descriptor broadcasting schedule signal.
In one embodiment, content descriptors broadcasting schedule signal is such signal, and it sends to all clients and is used to refer to and will sends the content descriptors file.In one embodiment, content descriptors broadcasting schedule signal comprises the description that when sends the content descriptors file.For example, content descriptors broadcasting schedule signal time of determining that can the instruction content descriptor file will be sent out or by the relative order in the out of Memory of server broadcast.In one embodiment, how content descriptors broadcasting schedule signal also for example uses to client indication that frequency, Internet protocol (IP) port and IP address information wait the position of finding the content descriptors file.
In one embodiment, use Internet protocol (IP) signaling protocol, digital video broadcast signal (DVB) and program and system information protocol (PSIP) signal to wait broadcasted content descriptor broadcasting schedule signal.In another embodiment, content descriptors broadcasting schedule signal is embedded into by server in the file of client's broadcasting.
In one embodiment, client is that the arrival of content descriptors broadcasting schedule signal monitors broadcasting channel.When the client received content descriptors broadcasting schedule signal, the client prepared to receive it when arranging the broadcasted content descriptor file then.In one embodiment, by notify other process of the responsible contents processing descriptor that moves on client, the client prepares the received content descriptor file.
In one embodiment, server produces then or collects content descriptors in file.Square frame 407 shows then in reasonable time broadcasted content descriptor file, and square frame 409 shows then as the received content descriptor file of arranging.Point out that at content descriptors broadcasting schedule signal server is waited until the fixed time always, then in this time broadcasted content descriptor file in the embodiment of definite time broadcasted content descriptor file.In content descriptors broadcasting schedule signal was pointed out embodiment with relative order broadcasted content descriptor file, server was at first broadcasted the All Files that is arranged in broadcasting before the content descriptors file.Then, server broadcast content descriptors file.In one embodiment, server uses such as the file transfer protocol (FTP) of HTTP(Hypertext Transport Protocol) and file transfer protocol (FTP) (FTP) etc. to come to client's broadcasted content descriptor file.
Fig. 4 B illustrates from the flow chart 431 of server to another embodiment of one or more client's broadcasted content descriptors.In illustrated embodiment, square frame 433 shows server and gives unique identifier to the content descriptor file.Square frame 437 shows then then and broadcasts this content descriptors file to the client.In one embodiment, all clients in a section send the content descriptors file.For purpose of the present disclosure, one section a plurality of clients or client's subclass that can be defined as based on geography, network connection and right vector (rights vector) etc.
Square frame 435 shows client's received content descriptor file then.Square frame 439 shows based on the unique identifier of giving this document, and the client is the content descriptors file with received file identification.In one embodiment, the unique identifier of giving the content descriptors file makes client this content descriptors file of specific and/or known location storage on the client.So the input file that client identifies in the square frame 409 is the content descriptors file and correspondingly handles this document.
In one embodiment, client will distribute temporary buffer for the placed content descriptor, in case and content descriptors file whole end of transmission, the content descriptors file that will receive before the client will lock, and replace its content with the content descriptors file of new reception.In one embodiment, the client process that then signaling is used for the contents processing descriptor has received new content descriptors file.
Fig. 4 C illustrates from the flow chart of server to another embodiment of one or more client's broadcasted content descriptors.In illustrated embodiment, square frame 463 shows server and gives general identifier to the content descriptor file.Square frame 465 shows server then and broadcasts this content descriptors file then.Square frame 467 shows client's received content descriptor file.In one embodiment, receive any other file as it, the client receives the content descriptors file by server broadcast.
Square frame 469 shows server and is used to indicate the signal of having broadcasted the content descriptors file to client's broadcasting then.Square frame 471 shows the client and receives and be used to indicate the signal of having broadcasted the content descriptors file by server broadcast.In one embodiment, how this signal also finds the position of content descriptors file to client's indication, and uses Internet protocol (IP) signaling protocol, digital video broadcast signal (DVB) and program and system information protocol (PSIP) signal to wait and broadcast this signal.In another embodiment, content descriptors broadcasting schedule signal is embedded in by server in the file of client's broadcasting.In one embodiment, the client process that then signaling is used for the contents processing descriptor has received new content descriptors file.
As mentioned above,, have and to send and receive a plurality of different embodiment of demand data from the client, for example 313 of Fig. 3,325 or 335 by server according to instruction of the present invention.For example, Fig. 5 A illustrates to send the flow chart 501 of an embodiment of demand data according to instruction of the present invention to server from the client.Square frame 503 shows when the server prepares reception is fed back from client's demand data to client's broadcast triggers.In one embodiment because server prepares set up another tabulation or timetable to the content of client broadcasting, so server can broadcast triggers.Square frame 505 shows the triggering signal of client's reception by server broadcast.In one embodiment, triggering signal can be asked from whole clients or from the demand data feedback such as one group of client in a section.In response, square frame 509 shows the client and sends demand data to server, and square frame 507 shows server reception demand data feedback.
In one embodiment, the client sends demand data so that the demand data feedback to be provided to server by being connected of initialization and server to server.The client owing to comprise that in one embodiment, the client uses binary system index back off system (binary exponential back-off system) under the former thereby situation that can not connect such as busy of telephone signal for example.Therefore, can provide server and attempt to provide the normal of a plurality of clients of demand data feedback to be connected.
Fig. 5 B is diagram instruction according to the present invention sends another embodiment of demand data to server from the client a flow chart 521.In flow chart 521 illustrated embodiments, the client provides the demand data feedback in the different time to server.Can feed back and use this embodiment under infeasible situation making server receive demand data from whole clients simultaneously owing to the restriction of for example bandwidth or offered load.For example, if public exchanging telephone network (PSTN) is used as backward channel, it is unrealistic or infeasible that whole clients dial the server possibility simultaneously after receiving triggering signal.
Square frame 523 shows client to from last time demand data being sent it back the time quantum maintenance tracking that server experiences.In one embodiment, the client is used to represent to realize square frame 523 from the timer that provided demand data to feed back to the time quantum of server last time by maintenance.In one embodiment, after the experience scheduled time amount, square frame 527 shows the client demand data is sent it back server, and square frame 525 shows server and receives this demand data.In one embodiment, client sends demand data by setting up with being connected of server.
Fig. 5 C is diagram instruction according to the present invention sends another embodiment of demand data to server from the client a flow chart 541.In flow chart 541 in the illustrated embodiment, suppose that the client is with the different rates data feedback that causes the demand.As a result, through the given time period, some clients have more demand data feedback than other client.Therefore, the client provides feedback based on the inner capacities of rank or grading.
In order to illustrate, square frame 543 shows client and produces and the relevant demand data of the described content of content descriptors.Can be automatically or manually produce this demand data.In one embodiment, customer care sent to the demand data feedback from last time the counting of the content hop count of having graded since the server.Square frame 547 shows after the demand data relevant with the predetermined content hop count produced, and sends this demand data to server.In one embodiment, for each client is fine regulated as the predetermined content hop count that determines when the threshold value that sends the demand data feedback, with the speed of taking broadcasted content into account, the speed of broadcasted content descriptor and the bandwidth capacity of the communication link from client to the server.Square frame 545 shows server and receives demand data.In one embodiment, client sends demand data by initialization and being connected of server.
Fig. 5 D is diagram instruction according to the present invention sends another embodiment of demand data to server from the client a flow chart 561.In flow chart 561, in the illustrated embodiment, suppose that the client is with the different rates content of consumption.As a result, some clients will consume more contents than other client in measuring preset time.Therefore, the client provides feedback based on institute's content of consumption amount.
In order to illustrate, square frame 563 shows client and produces the demand data relevant with the content of customer consumption.In one embodiment, customer care sent to the demand data feedback from last time the counting of the content hop count of having consumed since the server.Square frame 567 shows after having consumed the predetermined content hop count, sends demand data to server.Square frame 565 shows server and receives demand data.In one embodiment, client sends demand data by initialization and being connected of server.
Fig. 5 E is diagram instruction according to the present invention sends another embodiment of demand data to server from the client a flow chart 581.In flow chart 581, in the illustrated embodiment, suppose the client, as in the illustrated embodiment in the flow chart 561 with the different rates content of consumption.As a result, some clients will use up retrievable not content of consumption in the client that is buffered in them quickly than other client in preset time amount.Therefore, the client provides feedback based on the not content of consumption amount in the client that still is cached in them.
In order to illustrate, square frame 583 shows client and produces and the relevant demand data of user institute content of consumption.In one embodiment, customer care is to still being stored in the counting of the not content of consumption hop count in this client.Square frame 587 shows when still the content hop count of buffer memory is lower than scheduled volume on the client, sends demand data to server.Therefore, when the content that finally receives the broadcasting of multiserver more as the client refills buffer memory, server will have an opportunity to consider the previous demand data that produces of this client.As a result, client cache more may be to refill with the content that the client more wishes.Square frame 585 shows server and receives demand data.In one embodiment, client sends demand data by initialization and being connected of server.
Fig. 6 is according to instruction of the present invention, and diagram is when processing during from the content descriptors of server broadcast and renewal and maintenance content descriptor table and demand data table, the flow chart 601 of an embodiment of the incident flow process among the client.Specifically, process square frame 603 shows and uses attribute included from the content descriptors of server broadcast and property value to come the update content descriptor table.Process square frame 605 shows to be used then from the clauses and subclauses of described each data file of content descriptors of the server broadcast tables of data of upgrading demand.
In one embodiment, suppose and had content descriptors table, demand data table and a plurality of data file in the client.In one embodiment, among the embodiment as shown in Figure 2 illustrated like that, the internal memory 205 of machine 201 that can be in client, memory 211 or wait storage and maintenance content descriptors table, demand data table and a plurality of data file by the visit local network.
In order to help to illustrate content descriptors of the present invention aspect, Fig. 7 is can be by the example of server 103 to an embodiment of a plurality of content descriptors 701 of client 105,107 and 109 broadcasting.For explanatory purposes, suppose that server 103 is broadcasted in this example data file is the audio/video file such as the movie or television program.As mentioned above, data file can be the file such as, but not limited to other types such as audio frequency, picture, text and multimedias.
In illustrated embodiment, will be after the content descriptors 701 among Fig. 7 shows by four films or the data file of server 103 broadcasting.These films shown in this example are " ActionDude ", " The Funny Show ", " Blast ' Em " and " Hardy Har Har ".Content descriptors 701 comprises will be by the attribute and the property value of every film of server broadcast after being used to describe.In illustrated embodiment, in content descriptors 701, provide two attributes to describe every film.Attribute shown in Fig. 7 is " performer " and " type ".Other embodiments of the invention should be understood and different attributes and other property value can be comprised.For example, the non-exhaustive list that can be used to describe other attribute of film can comprise " director ", " time ", " influence " and " final result " etc.In one embodiment, according to instruction of the present invention, can provide the attribute that for example the 40-50 kind is different to describe film.
Later with reference to the object lesson shown in the figure 7, " Action Dude " is " action " sheet that performer " tall Smith " acts the leading role." The Funny Show " is " comedy " sheet that performer " Jian Duoyi " acts the leading role." Blast ' Em " be " action " sheet that performer " Jian Duoyi " acts the leading role." Hardy Har Har " is " comedy " sheet that performer " tall Smith " acts the leading role.
In order to help to illustrate content descriptors table of the present invention aspect, Fig. 8 is by each client 105,107 and 109 examples at an embodiment of the content descriptors table 801 of local update and maintenance.In illustrated embodiment, the content descriptors table 801 among Fig. 8 has been filled with the included data of content descriptors 701, and described content descriptors 701 is before from server 103 broadcasting.In one embodiment, content descriptors table 801 comprises the tabulation of attribute, property value and corresponding relevance value and CF.Specifically, content descriptors table 801 comprises property value " tall Smith ", " Jian Duoyi ", " action " and " comedy ".At this moment, the relevance value of property value " tall Smith ", " Jian Duoyi ", " action " and " comedy " and CF all are zero in Fig. 8.Such just as will be shown, in one embodiment, when the user was mutual with client, relevance value of the present invention and CF will be updated and safeguard.
In one embodiment, the relevance value in the content descriptors table 801 is that correlation degree about association attributes and property value is to be used to predict the indicating device of specific user's behavior.For example, the indication of relevance value is because of this specific attribute value, and the user watches specific film that much possibilities are arranged.In one embodiment, the relevance value in the content descriptors table 801 is in the value of certain scope, and for example from-10 to 10.Just as will be discussed, if for example the user has watched certain movie or expressed interest to the certain movie with this particular attribute-value at least, then can increase the relevance value.On the contrary, if, then can reduce the relevance value if for example the user does not watch certain movie or user clearly to indicate him or she not want to watch the certain movie with particular attribute-value.
In one embodiment, when whether grading or predictive user had the particular data file of particular attribute-value with actual access, the CF in the content descriptors table 801 was to be applied to particular community and property value to last weight factor.In one embodiment, the CF in the content descriptors table 801 is in the value of certain scope, and for example from-10 to 10.In one embodiment, for example when property value accurately dopes the user's interest data file, can increase CF.On the contrary, when the user is interested in the data file,, can reduce CF even particular attribute-value has other indication.
In one embodiment, the clauses and subclauses of content descriptors table 801 by with server 103 will broadcast may in the set of all the elements descriptor 701 that perhaps data file is relevant make up.In one embodiment, the clauses and subclauses in the content descriptors table 801 are upgraded based on clear and definite user's request.In addition, whether whether the renewal of content descriptors table 801 also can implicitly visit the concrete data file with particular attribute-value based on the user, clearly certain movie is not classified and rely on the user.
In order to help to illustrate demand data table of the present invention aspect, Fig. 9 is the example of an embodiment of demand data table 901, described in one embodiment demand data table 901 by each client 105,107 and 109 in local update and maintenance.In illustrated embodiment, the demand data table 901 among Fig. 9 be included in described in the content descriptor 701 data file list and by the current any extra data file of client at this locality storage or buffer memory.
In one embodiment, the client can internal memory 205 for example, memory 211 or can network by the machine 201 of Fig. 2 at this accessing at local storing data files.For purpose of the present disclosure, the data file of the local storage of client also can be interpreted as comprising the data file by client's " this locality " storage in the known network storage organization that separates with server.For purpose of the present disclosure, local storage of client or data in buffer file should be interpreted as the data file of storing for later visit, retrieval or consumption.In one embodiment, local cache of the present invention is considered to level cache.Therefore, the size that correspondingly customizes local cache of the present invention is clicked the possibility of (single hit) with increase.
Later continue the example with reference to the data file that is used to represent audio/video file, the client is in local store movies.After the user watches film, another film that certain time will broadcast after the memory space that occupies of film is considered to can be used for storing usually thus.Therefore, according to instruction of the present invention, the local cache that should understand client is designed to the single-use system, for example activates and forgets (fire andforget).In one embodiment, suppose that when the user accesses data file, this user unlikely thinks to visit once more identical data file.If the user does not watch certain movie, the occupied memory space of this film is considered to be not useable for storing an other film usually.Yet, if do not have extra memory space can with and will broadcast the more film of high ratings, according to instruction of the present invention, the lower rated film of not watching will be replaced by the film of high ratings more.
Later with reference to the embodiment of the demand data table 901 shown in the figure 9, every film also has relevant grading, grading type indicator, buffer memory internal indicator (in cache indicator) and next step processing indicating device.In one embodiment, the grading value of grading indication associated data files.In one embodiment, can clearly import or implicitly produce this grading value by handling the content descriptors relevant by the user with this particular data file by client.In one embodiment, high relatively grading value indication user may be interesting to this particular data file.On the contrary, in one embodiment, low relatively grading value indication user is unlikely interesting to this particular data file.
In one embodiment, to indicate the grading value of this particular data file be the result that clearly imports of user to the grading type indicator or implicitly produced by client.Therefore, in one embodiment, if the grading type indicator of demand data table 901 can be clear and definite, implicit expression or the also not grading then for empty of this data file or film.In one embodiment, if data file is clearly classified by the user, then the grading value in the property value of this data file is no longer implicitly upgraded by client.Yet if data file also is not classified or is just implicitly graded by client, the grading in the property value of this data file can further be upgraded or adjustment by client.
Whether in one embodiment, buffer memory internal indicator indication particular data file is current is stored or buffer memory in this locality by the client.In Fig. 9 in the illustrated embodiment, film " Action Dude ", " The Funny Show " and " Blast ' Em " are Already in the local storage of client.On the contrary, in the illustrated embodiment, film " Hardy Har Har " also is not stored in the local storage of client in Fig. 9.
In one embodiment, next step is handled indicating device and is used to follow the tracks of the action that will take particular data file.For example, if film is watched by the user, next step is handled indicating device and will indicate " replacement " to can be used for storing another film to indicate the occupied memory space of this certain movie.In one embodiment, if film is not also watched by the user, then next step is handled indicating device and will indicate " reservation ".In one embodiment, if if film may be not interesting to this certain movie by local storage of client and grading value indication user, then next step is handled indicating device and will indicate " catching ".In one embodiment, if film does not also have serviced device broadcasting and grading indication user unlikely this film to be interested in, then next step processing indicating device will be represented " ignoring ".
As Fig. 6 discussed, process square frame 603 and 605 showed according to coming update content descriptor table and demand data table from the content descriptors of server broadcast.Determination block 607 shows the user's classification that determines whether then any data file.Simply with reference to Figure 10, show the classify example of some films of user, as content descriptors 701 is described.Specifically, the user has expressed the interest to this film by indicating him or she to wish to receive film " Action Dude ".In this example, the user has expressed film " TheFunny Show " without any interest by indicating him or she to refuse this film.In this example, the user does not provide any information or the classification about remaining film.
Later with reference to figure 6, if the user to any data file classification, process square frame 609 shows that the relevance value of the particular community of sorting data file is updated in content descriptors table 801.The grading that process square frame 611 shows the data file with property value also is adjusted, and described property value has controlled relevance value in response to user's classification.In one embodiment, if the user then skips process square frame 609 and 611 not to any data file classification.
For diagram when the example of user during to the data document classification, Figure 11 shows and upgrades in response to user's classification or the content descriptors table 801 of adjustment.In the example that provides in Figure 10, the user indicates him or she interesting to film " Action Dude ".Content descriptors 701 among Fig. 7 illustrates " Action Dude " and is acted the leading role by performer " tall Smith " and be " action " sheet.Therefore, with reference to the content descriptors table 801 among Figure 11, the relevance value of property value " tall Smith " and " action " is adjusted clearly to be expressed " Action Dude " interesting with the reflection user.In one embodiment, increasing the relevance value is interested in the reflection user.Just as will be discussed, in one embodiment, the CF relevant with each property value just is updated when user capture has the data file of this particular attribute-value.
Continue the example of Figure 10, the user indicates him or she that " The Funny Show " had no stomach for.Content descriptors 701 among Fig. 7 shows " The Funny Show " and is acted the leading role by performer " Jian Duoyi " and be " comedy " sheet.Therefore, later with reference to the content descriptors table 801 among Figure 11, the relevance value of property value " Jian Duoyi " and " comedy " is adjusted with the reflection user and clearly expresses him or she to " The Funny Show " no stomach for.In one embodiment, reducing the relevance value has no stomach for the reflection user.
Continue the example of Figure 10, the user does not provide any information about " Blast ' Em " and " Hardy HarHar ".Therefore, in content descriptors table 801, there is not to upgrade the relevance value of the property value relevant with " Hardy Har Har " with " Blast ' Em ".
Just as will be discussed, in one embodiment, the renewal of the grading in the demand data table 901 relates to the relevance value and the CF of property value listed in the content descriptors table 801, as described in process square frame 611.Below will occur in the detailed description of the processing in the process square frame 611 together with discussion discussion to process square frame 617.
Later with reference to figure 6, if any data file of user capture, for example the user watches film, and as determined in the determination block 613, process square frame 615 shows relevance value and the CF that upgrades the particular community of the data file that the user visited in content descriptors table 801.The grading that process square frame 617 shows the data file with property value also is adjusted, and described property value has controlled relevance value in response to user capture.If the user does not visit any data file, then skip process square frame 615 and 617.
In order to illustrate the example of user accesses data file, suppose that the user watches film " ActionDude ".Content descriptors 701 among Fig. 7 shows " Action Dude " and is acted the leading role by performer " tall Smith " and be " action " sheet.In one embodiment, each user capture particular data file or when mutual with it, the CF of the property value of this film just is adjusted or upgrades.In one embodiment, for the property value that has greater than zero relevance value, the user is with the precursor of the data file of visit, so the CF of this property value increases because this property value is accurately born the responsibility.In one embodiment, for the property value with minus relevance value, the user is not with the precursor of the data file of visit, so the CF of this property value reduces because this property value is accurately born the responsibility.Therefore, Figure 12 shows in response to the user to the visit of " Action Dude " and the content descriptors table 801 that upgrades or adjust.In this example, because the relevance value of " tall Smith " and " action " is greater than zero, so the CF of these property values increases.
In one embodiment, also in content descriptors table 801, increase with the relevance value that implicitly the ratings data file is relevant in response to user capture.Yet in the example shown in the content descriptors table 801 of Figure 12, " Action Dude " classified clearly by the user.In one embodiment, the relevance value is not updated in content descriptors table 801 visit of the data file of clearly being classified by the user in response to the user.
Figure 13 shows in response to the user to the visit of " Action Dude " and the demand data table 901 that is updated, as described in process square frame 617.As previously mentioned, according to instruction of the present invention, demand data table 901 is also described as process square frame 611 and is updated.Shown in the demand data table 901 of Figure 13, " Action Dude " has grading value 1.As described in as above relevant, because the user clearly classifies to " Action Dude ", so the grading type of " Action Dude " is " clear and definite " with Figure 10.Buffer memory internal indicator indication " Action Dude " is stored in this locality by client at present.Because the user has watched " Action Dude ",, next step replaces so handling the indicating device indication.
In one embodiment, the value of the grading in the demand data table 901 is following determines.Content descriptors 701 illustrates " Action Dude " and has property value " tall Smith " and " action ".The content descriptors table 801 of Figure 12 illustrates " tall Smith " and has relevance value 1 and CF 1.The content descriptors table 801 of Figure 12 also illustrates " action " and has relevance value 1 and CF 1.In one embodiment, consider data file all properties value combine its separately all relevance values of CF determine the grading value of particular data file.For example, in one embodiment, the grading value of data file equals the mean value of each relevance value and whole products of its corresponding CF of the property value of data file.
In order to illustrate, with reference to " the Action Dude " in the demand data table 901 of Figure 13, the relevance value of " tall Smith " and the product of CF are 1 * 1 to equal 1.The relevance value of " action " and the product of CF are 1 * 1 to equal 1. Product 1 and 1 mean value are 1.Therefore, the grading of " the Action Dude " in the demand data table 901 of Figure 13 is 1.
Similarly, about " Blast ' Em " in the demand data table 901, " Blast ' Em " has property value " Jian Duoyi " and " action ".The relevance value and the CF of " Jian Duoyi " in the content descriptors table 801 of Figure 12 is respectively-1 and 0.Therefore, the grading of " Blast ' Em " in the demand data table 901 is 1 * 0 and 1 * 1 mean value, equals 0.5." the The Funny Show " in the demand data table 901 in the example shown in Figure 13 and the grading of " Hardy HarHar " are so that similarly mode is definite in the one embodiment of the invention.
It should be noted that these films have the clearly grading type as shown in the demand data table 901 of Figure 13 because the user classifies to film " Action Dude " and " TheFunny Show " among top Figure 10.Because the user does not classify to " Blast ' Em " and " Hardy Har Har ", these films have the implicit ratings in the demand data table 901.
Should understand, above-mentioned discussion provides an example how determining the grading value in the demand data table 901 according to instruction of the present invention.It should be noted that according to instruction of the present invention, can otherwise come to determine the grading value, it considers the relevance value and the CF of each property value of data file.
In one embodiment, the clauses and subclauses of next step processing are partly determined by the grading and the value in the buffer memory of particular data file in the demand data table 901.For example, suppose that indicating the user greater than zero grading in one embodiment is predicted to be at least some interest of certain movie.Therefore, the user may have some interest to film " Blast ' Em " and " Hardy Har Har ".Therefore, next step handles that indication film " Blast ' Em " will be retained in the memory and it will be hunted down when later server broadcast film " Hardy Har Har ".As mentioned above, because the user has watched film " Action Dude ", so it is flagged as replacement in next step processing field.
In one embodiment, user and client in the future cause aforesaid similar processing alternately.For example, suppose that the user watches film " Blast ' Em " now.In this object lesson, the user before watching this film not to film " Blast ' Em " classification.In one embodiment, for the property value of accessed unfiled data file, relevance value and CF both are updated, shown in the content descriptors table 801 of Figure 14.Recall that film among Fig. 7 " Blast ' Em " is acted the leading role by " Jian Duoyi " and be " action " sheet.Watch the user as shown in Figure 12, " Blast ' Em " before, the relevance value of " Jian Duoyi " is less than zero, in other words conj.or perhaps-1.Yet, in this example, although " Blast ' Em " act the leading role this fact by actress " Jian Duoyi ", the user has watched it.Therefore, because this particular attribute-value is showed less possibility or related now when watching of predictive user is accustomed to, so the CF of " Jian Duoyi " property value is adjusted downwards.In one embodiment, because the relevance value is less than zero, CF is not further adjusted downwards.Yet, because watch the user " Blast ' Em " before " action " have relevance value greater than zero, the relevance value and the CF of property value " action " adjust upward.Therefore, in this example, the relevance value is adjusted upward to 2 and CF also is adjusted upward to 2 from 1 from 1.Therefore, demand data table 801 now forecast " action " sheet of Figure 14 is the film that the user more may watch.
In one embodiment, when each user and client were mutual, content descriptors table 801 and demand data table 901 were updated.Clearly divide time-like when the user accesses data file and as the user to the data file, carry out renewal content descriptor table 801 and demand data table 901.Should understand according to instruction of the present invention, not require that the user is for update content descriptor table 801 and demand data table 901 and to the clearly classification in order of data file.As a result, along with past time demand data table is incited somebody to action the interesting data file of predictive user more accurately.
In one embodiment, implicitly being predicted as the most interesting data file of user and user, clearly to be categorized as interesting data file will be in the data file of local cache on client.In fact, according to instruction of the present invention, user's most probable wants that the film of watching is automatically stored in this locality, and therefore can obtain " as required ", clearly asks these films in advance or clearly specifies the standard that is used to discern these films and need not the user.
As scrutable,,, can more effectively use broadcast bandwidth by local storing data files on each client according to instruction of the present invention.In fact, when the user watches film from client's local storage, do not use extra broadcast bandwidth.In addition, it is also understood that, when upgrade separately the content descriptors table and during the demand data table, carrying out a considerable amount of processing of in system, carrying out on each client according to instruction of the present invention.Because the cost that each extra client increases server is zero,, issue formula of the present invention make current disclosed broadcast system can be extended to a large number of user so handling.
In above detailed description, method and apparatus of the present invention has been described with reference to the concrete exemplary embodiment of the present invention.Yet, clearly, under the situation of the spirit and scope that do not deviate from broad of the present invention, can modifications and variations of the present invention are.Therefore, this specification and accompanying drawing are regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive.

Claims (9)

1. one kind is used to send the method that demand data is fed back, and comprising:
Receive description in the customers' place from server and be considered to be used for the content descriptors of the inclusive segment of broadcasting in the future;
Produce the demand data of the relative desirability of the described inclusive segment of the described content descriptors of indication in described customers' place; And
After since demand data feedback being sent to described server, having used the predetermined content hop count and having generated the described demand data relevant with employed inclusive segment as a plurality of inclusive segments of having graded of predetermined threshold number from last time, send the demand data feedback from described client to described server, the indication of described demand data feedback can be used for the relative desirability of the inclusive segment of broadcasting in the future, the generation of wherein relevant with the described inclusive segment of described content descriptors demand data comprises the clear and definite user input of reception about specific multistage content, described clear and definite user input comprises one of the following: the relative order to some inclusive segments in the available inclusive segment is carried out rank, and be that some inclusive segments in the available inclusive segment generate the tabulations of definitely grading.
2. the method for claim 1, the generation of wherein said demand data comprises: consumption is by the preview of the inclusive segment of the local storage of described client, and the generation of described demand data is in response to the preview of the described inclusive segment of being consumed.
3. the method for claim 1 wherein sends described demand data feedback to described server and comprises: sends demand data to described server after producing the demand data relevant with the first predetermined content hop count.
4. the method for claim 1 comprises that also the counting with described number of threshold values and the employed hop count relevant with described demand data compares.
5. method as claimed in claim 4 also is included in and sends described demand data when described counting surpasses described threshold value.
6. the method for claim 1 considers that wherein described client selects described threshold value with the bandwidth capacity that is connected between the described server.
7. one kind is used to send the system that demand data is fed back, and comprising:
Server, described server comprises the communication interface that is used to send carrier signal; And
Be coupled to one or more clients of described server,
Wherein said server is coupled to use described carrier signal to described one or more client's broadcasting via described communication interface, and broadcasting comprises content descriptors, and described content descriptors is described and is considered to be used for the inclusive segment of transmission in the future;
Each is coupled wherein said one or more client to produce the demand data of the relative desirability of indicating the described described inclusive segment of described content descriptors;
Each is coupled wherein said one or more client with after having used the predetermined content hop count and generated the described demand data relevant with employed inclusive segment as a plurality of inclusive segments of the rank of predetermined threshold number or grading for corresponding each client among the described client since from last time demand data feedback corresponding each client from described client being sent to described server via described communication interface or via backward channel, send the demand data feedback to described server, the indication of described demand data feedback can be used for the relative desirability of the inclusive segment of broadcasting in the future, the generation of wherein relevant with the described inclusive segment of described content descriptors demand data comprises the clear and definite user input of reception about specific multistage content, described clear and definite user input comprises one of the following: the relative order to some inclusive segments in the available inclusive segment is carried out rank, and be that some inclusive segments in the available inclusive segment generate the tabulations of definitely grading.
8. system as claimed in claim 7, each among wherein said one or more clients all are coupled the preview with the inclusive segment of consuming local storage, and the generation of the demand data on each client is in response to the preview of the described inclusive segment of being consumed.
9. system as claimed in claim 7, wherein said communication interface comprises radio transceiver, modulator-demodulator, line interface or optical interface.
CN028119894A 2001-06-15 2002-05-31 Method and apparatus to send feedback from clients to server in content distribution broadcast system Expired - Fee Related CN1516939B (en)

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