CN1714516B

CN1714516B - Soft handoff of a CDMA reverse link

Info

Publication number: CN1714516B
Application number: CN200380103601.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: J·A·小波拉特
Original assignee: IPR Licensing Inc
Current assignee: IPR Licensing Inc
Priority date: 2002-11-20
Filing date: 2003-11-20
Publication date: 2011-06-08
Anticipated expiration: 2023-11-20
Also published as: CA2506754A1; TW200419952A; KR20050085092A; JP2006506917A; TW201521368A; TWI470946B; TWI539762B; AU2003294428A8; TWI357730B; AU2003294428A1; WO2004046893A2; TW201206095A; KR20070055642A; EP1565995A2; WO2004046893A3; NO20052945L; TW200824320A; KR101019460B1; TWI364920B; NO20160875A1

Abstract

Method and apparatus for base stations and subscriber units allows soft handoff of a CDMA reverse link utilizing an orthogonal channel structure. Subscriber units transmit an orthogonally coded signal over a reverse link to the base stations. A given base station provides timing control of the timing offset of the reverse link signal. Based on at least one criterion, an alignment controller determines that the given base station should hand off timing control to another base station, and a soft handoff process ensues. In response to a command or message for soft handoff of the subscriber unitfrom the given base station to another base station, the subscriber unit makes a coarse timing adjustment to the timing of the coded signal. The subscriber unit may make fine timing adjustments basedon feedback from the base station controlling timing. Multiple base stations may provide power control feedback to the subscriber unit.

Description

The soft of CDMA backward chaining submitted

Technical field

Relevant the soft of a kind of CDMA backward chaining of the present invention submitted.

Background technology

Recent two decades comes, and is that the type or the demand of radio communication service all presents unprecedented growth.Wireless voice communication service, comprise mobile phone, personal communication service (Personal communicationService, PCS) and other similar system almost immanent coverage rate all is provided now.Set up for the infrastructure of this type network and to have played the U.S., Europe and other industrialized zone and have the not only place of a communication network in the world, a plurality of service providers therefrom select.

Because the lasting growth of electronics and computer industry, for the access world-wide web with and a large amount of services of being provided and the demand of characteristic then be to grow up significantly.Fast breeding on computer equipment uses like this, especially portable various kinds equipment, comprise notebook computer, handheld personal (PDA), support similarly device etc. of the cellular telephone of world-wide web and other, these equipment are for the increase of all corresponding demand that causes of wireless data access.

Although cellular telephone system and PCS network launch widely, these systems originally were not intended to be used to transport the traffic of data.On the contrary, these networks all are that continuous analog signal is supported in design effectively, and comparing world-wide web needed then is the digital communication protocol of burst mode.And consider that also voice communication probably only needs the communication channel frequency range of 3kHz just enough.Yet, for world-wide web communication effectively, for example web page browsing, per second 56kilobits (kbps) or higher data transfer rate need at least usually.

In addition, the person's character of data traffic itself is different with the person's character of voice traffic.Voice need a multiple connection that continues; That is to say, can transmit and be received in the user of this other end that chains constantly in the user of a wherein end that chains expection, and also must can transmit and receive the same time the user of the other end while.Yet, on world-wide web, be to break out very much guiding (burst-oriented) usually during accessing web page.Traditionally, at a distance the computer user of client clearly discern desire access the address of computer document on server on the network for example.This request is formatted into a relative short data information subsequently, and the typical case is the length less than 1000bytes.And at the other end of this link, for example the web page server in a world-wide web promptly responds institute's request msg file subsequently, and described data file can be literal, image, voice or the video-audio data from 10kbytes to millions of kbytes.Because at world-wide web itself, delay is inherent phenomenon, so the user can expect several seconds or delay for more time at least usually before the content of being asked begins to be delivered to they client itself.Subsequently, in case after described content begins to transmit, the user before distributing next web pages downloaded, may need further to consume several seconds or even time of a few minutes go to watch, read the content of institute's web pages downloaded.

In addition, speech network is to set up the use of supporting high mobility, that is to say that long distance extremely must be used for supporting the high-speed mobile of highway to keep the voice system user and PCS network linking when advancing at a high speed based on cellular Circuits System on highway.Yet for the typical user of a notebook computer, its mobility is static relatively, before for example the user may be sitting in desk.Therefore, must not need to be used for supporting the access of data for the thinking standard of the wireless voice network between the cell-phone that is used for the tool high-speed mobile.

Summary of the invention

Revising some assembly from present existing wireless architecture will be significant with the transmission of more effectively considering wireless data.For the High Data Rate of needs, the new level user of Hypomobility, these additional functionality for need low data rate, high mobility the user existed at present functional should be compatible shortcoming.This has allowed to use identical frequency plans, antenna for base station, building position and other to be present in the service that aspect under the speech network architecture can be used for providing new High Data Rate.

For the High Data Rate in the backward chaining that can support this class network as much as possible is particular importance, especially transmits data for these in backward chaining, transmits as the data from the remote unit to the base station.Consider already present digital cellular telephone standard, specifically note the use of the different coding sequence on a forward chaining direction, with in order to keep the least interference of interchannel as IS-95 code division multiple access (CDMA).In more detail, a such system has used orthogonal coding in the forward chaining of definition logic channel out of the ordinary.Yet, the optimum operation of of this sort system need all such codings all timing aim at the specific border of concrete definition one to maintain the orthogonality of receiving terminal.Therefore described transmission must be simultaneously.

On a forward chaining direction, this does not make us being concerned about especially, because all transmission all on identical direction, that is to say, all begins in the transmission receiver position at a long-pending station.Yet digital cellular CDMA standard does not now attempt to use or need orthogonality on a reverse link direction.Usually can think all that changing at the remote unit of zones of different simultaneously is very difficult so that can't reach at all with the transmission that different distance began to the base station.Opposite, the uniqueness skew disturbing code that these systems use a chip level traditionally and have these of random coded long holidays is distinguished each other backward chaining channel.Yet the transmission meeting that the different users has been got rid of in the use of this disturbing code is the possibility of quadrature each other.

Therefore, comprise communication system between one first group that supports the user and user's the member of second group in the specific embodiment of the present invention.Described user first group for example, can be the legal user of digital code division multiple access (CDMA) cellular telephone system, first coding of sharing and their transmission of encoding.Such user first group is by the code phase bias that each user is provided a uniqueness and identification that can be independent.Described user second group for example, can be the user of high-speed data service, utilizes one of them their transmission of encoding of code phase bias of identical coding and this coding.Yet further with encode their transmission of an extra coding, described extra coding all is unique for each user of described second group to each user of described second group.This allows second user's of group transmission can mutually orthogonal and still keep a single user's of selected first group performance.

The described coding of distributing to the user of first group can be the chip rate of sharing, the coding of pseudo-random.On the described coding typical case who distributes to second group end can be one group of unique orthogonal coding.Indivedual members of described group end can be distinguished by the unique phase deviation disturbing code with assorted at random letter sequence of selected long holidays.

In a preferable specific embodiment, some step is used for guaranteeing proper handling or so-called " heartbeat (heartbeat) " between the user of second group.In more detail, one shares encoding channel and can distribute and be used for one and change channel simultaneously.This allows the keeping of the suitable timing of transmission of second group end, for example, and when code scheme as described is executed in reverse link direction.

In a preferable specific embodiment, described second user of group can distribute specific time slot, to be used to transmit and therefore to see through the use of time division multiple access and keep orthogonality.Again, the user of described second group optionally becomes a single user and transmits with the user with described first group.

Principle of the present invention allows to be designed at present automobile-used mobile cdma system and is supported soft submit of orthogonal channel user in their reverse connection, with the reliability of the backward chaining channel in the RF environment that increases again by a high variations.

Because an orthogonal linkage must time alignment to keep orthogonality, from use a timing control loop once single base station from a user to next user.Be not easy to reach for the orthogonality between two base stations on the reverse link direction, because relative passing time postpones to make that the time alignment on two base stations is complicated.Therefore, in order to utilize a quadrature backward chaining, must there be a main backward chaining base station to provide timing control and less important base station may receive described transmission with soft submitting nonopiately.

Some certain criteria be design to decide the timing control of when redistributing from described main base station to less important base station be favourable, change to described second base station with the link of the quadrature that allows described first base station.Although have only a quadrature base station, can enough deal with reception in the signal level level that described second base station is received.These signals can be used to provide diversity.This particularly has example especially to the system of high mobility.

Though, have only a single base station to carry out timing control, in a preferable specific embodiment, power control all can be carried out in two base stations.This is because along with the path loss to nonopiate base station reduces along with moving of user, the power that is received may become very strong so that it begins to produce excessive interference, thereby has reduced the capacity of second base station.Therefore, when signal level is enough to deal with reception in second base station, order or information will be sent to subscriber unit to reduce the power that is transmitted.Although these orders can influence the power that is received in described quadrature base station and nonopiate base station, the timing control of redistributing from main base station to less important base station may also be suitable.One typical situation may be work as measured surpassed a certain threshold difference to path loss nonopiate or second base station, 10db for example.

The channelizing of the backward chaining of existing cdma system definition nonorthogonality.This is to implement by the distribution code skew of the user's of each backward chaining of definition a uniqueness.Just giving the non-orthogonal downward compatibility can be by the quadrature user of a main base station of sharing identical distribution code and reach.When these user's signals were received in other base station, they were likely time alignment, but they will all have unique code offset, and can be without peer define according to the combination of code offset and orthogonal coding.These signals no longer are interfered compared to the nonopiate signal of the standardization of these legal existences in cdma system.Therefore, have only soft submitting to be performed at present, and it can be with the main base station of a quadrature and nonopiate less important base station and carry out.

After described main base station is redistributed,, may have significant the delay and code phase bias so that current timing during (that is to say backward chaining timing control is submitted take place) from one second base station.And utilize a traditional differential timing control loop of a bit may too slowly consequently can't when it is submitted, obtain the orthogonality of new base station apace.Therefore, submit when taking place when described, the timing adjustment order of a total amount or information may be used for aiming at again apace described backward chaining, and wherein, adjustment can be absolute or relative during described totals.Under the situation of timing order, described subscriber unit can be apprised of and need make a rough timing adjustment; And under the situation of clocking information, described subscriber unit can automatically respond the information of clocking information.

The threshold value that described timing control is submitted can comprise following several at least according to following standard:

1. the yardstick of an alternative route surpasses the threshold value of the time cycle of an appointment;

2. the yardstick of an alternative route is above a relative threshold value in the present path of the time cycle of an appointment;

3. present selected path drops under the absolute measure value; Or

4. candidate's path surpasses an absolute measure value, wherein said scale-value can be what follows at least one of them:

A. power

b.SNR

C. the variation of power

The variation of d.SNR, or

E. the relative scale of above-mentioned scale-value between two paths (meaning is that described orthogonal linkage links with nonopiate)

The power of one orthogonal linkage (RL) control (or SNR control) may be according to two all quadrature (alignings) and non-orthogonal paths.When the SNR in a nonopiate path experience quality standard cited as the front, wherein a power control circuit is initiatively, and the timing of subscriber unit control may be to be re-assigned to the base station relevant with nonopiate path.

Be relevant to described power control circuit, if transmitted be one the order rather than information or report, described order may be the minimum value of the SNR in each path.For example, if there are two paths tracked, one of them path required power and another path has most power, then described power will be ordered to become to need to reduce.This also be applied to one soft be that to submit function the same, wherein via the power output of described subscriber unit only all provide the order of power yardstick or informational needs its just can increase when increasing power.

May have a relative skew from a nonopiate path of a base station with order between quadrature path.For example, described quadrature path be left in the basket and other path power controlling on reduce before, may need more consistent or lasting one section long time or lasting longer cycle from the order of the more or less power of needs in described nonopiate path.In the orthogonal area of the base station of inside, may handle in similar foregoing mode.

Power control may be by just giving nonopiate base station to keep, although the timing orthogonality is controlled by a base station.Though power control maintains two and is just giving nonopiate base station, comprises the order of yardstick or the forward chaining that information must be sent to the conveyer of subscriber unit.

From the described power control command of each base station may be whether a quality yardstick according to each base station out of the ordinary reaches.This quality yardstick may be bit error rate (BER), signal noise ratio, institute's received power or Ec/Io.If can then will be transmitted for the yardstick that is provided is provided in order to an order of falling basic delivering power.Because described access terminals receives the order from two base stations, it just receives the order of conflict usually.When this situation took place, described access terminals will be observed under powered order, if the words that this order exists.This is individual effective one exclusive OR function; For example, a power increase betides when two base stations all order power to increase.If have only a base station commands one power to reduce, then power reduction only betides described access terminals.This also is genuine for many bits command, wherein does low increase or maximum reduction and all can be observed on power.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 expresses support for the block diagram of a wireless communication system of just giving nonopiate link;

Fig. 2 represents a block diagram of the circuit that access terminals adopted shown in Figure 1;

The circuit of Fig. 3 presentation graphs 2 further comprises a code generator with the block diagram of running with an orthogonal linkage of other access terminals;

Fig. 4 represents to have as shown in Figure 1 the block diagram of wireless communication system that the Duo Chang unit of nonopiate link is just being given in use;

Fig. 5 represent as shown in Figure 4 have the block diagram of a quadrature timing controller with the base station processor (BSP) that is controlled in the access end points timing on the orthogonal linkage;

Fig. 6 A represents the network diagram with position alignment controller in a base station processor as shown in Figure 4;

Fig. 6 B represents the network diagram with position alignment controller in a unit as shown in Figure 4;

Fig. 6 C represents the network diagram with position alignment controller on a base station controller as shown in Figure 4;

Fig. 7 represents by as shown in Figure 4 base station end and access terminals is performed so that a flow chart of the step procedure that signal is mutually orthogonal;

Fig. 8 represents by as shown in Figure 4 a base station end in the first environment of many bags and a flow chart of the performed soft step procedure of submitting of access terminals; And

Fig. 9 represent as shown in Figure 1 the base station end and a flow chart of the step procedure of the performed power of access terminals control.

Embodiment

A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

Fig. 1 is the block diagram of a kind of code division multiple access (CDMA) communication system 10, this communication system 10 utilizes a kind of signal encoding structure, wherein first level of logic channel is to be appointed as the unique long code with different coding phase deviation, and second level of logic channel is to utilize a common coding and common code phase bias, with a kind of for each channel use the extra coded program of unique orthogonal coding combine provide.

One with the subsequent detailed description preferred embodiment in, this communication system 10 of being narrated, its shared channel resources is a kind of wireless or radio channel.Yet, will be appreciated that technology described here can be employed with real to make shared access or other similarly is the media type that phone connects, computer network connects, cable connects, and other entity medium of permitting driving in a request access on the basis.

This system 10 not only supports one first user colony 110, also supports the wireless telecommunications of one second user colony 210.It similarly is the cellular telephone equipment of radio telephone receiver 113-1,113-2 that this first user colony 110 is typically, and/or is arranged on the legal user of cellular mobile phone 113-h in the automobile.Communication by with this first user colony 110 is encoded to continuous transmission manner, these colony's 110 most of networks that use a kind of speech pattern.In a preferred embodiment, this user's transmission is from this subscriber unit 113, sees through forward chaining 40 radio channels, sends with backward chaining 50 radio channels.Its signal is to handle in the central position that comprises an antenna for base station 118, base radio transceiver (BTS) 120, base station controller (BSC) 123.Therefore this first user colony 110 uses this movable type subscriber unit 113, base radio transceiver 120, with base station controller 123, connects phone by this public exchanging telephone network (PSTN) 124, and is busy with voice dialogue.

By employed this forward chaining 40 of this first user colony, can be according to similarly being specified by U.S. Telecommunications Industries Association (TIA), the known digital cellular standards that is defined in the IS-95B code division multiple access standard is coded.This forward chaining 40 comprises at least one calling channel 141 and traffic channel 142, and other logic channel 144.These forward chaining 40 legitimate channels 141,142,144 are to define in the system that uses orthogonal code channels.This first user colony 110 also spreads all over this backward chaining 50, to its transfer encoding is and this IS-95B conformance to standard.Therefore they utilize in a backward chaining 50 directions, comprises some logic channels of an access channel 151, traffic channel 152 and other logic channel 154.In this backward chaining 50, this first user colony 110 is typically the common long code of using different coding phase deviation with a kind of, to its signal encoding.In this technology, also be well known to the mode of these legal user's 110 signal encodings in this backward chaining 50.

This communication system 10 also comprises one second user colony 210.This second user colony 210 is typically a kind of user who needs high speed wireless data service.Its system component comprise most long-range settings PC (PC) device 212-2,212-2 ... 212-h ... 212-l, corresponding long-distance user's access unit (SAUs) 214-1,214-2 ... 214-h ... 214-l, and relevant antenna 216-2,216-2 ... 216-h ... 216-l.Be positioned at the equipment of central authorities, comprise an antenna for base station 218 and a base station processor (BSP) 220.This base station processor 220 provides the connection from a world-wide web gateway 222, and it then provides the access to similarly being this world-wide web 224 and NetWare file server 230 data networks that are connected to this network 222.

This PC 212 can be connected by spreading all over 50 the real double-direction radios of doing of forward chaining 40 and backward chaining that used by this legal user 110, transmits data to this webserver 230, or receives data from this webserver 230.Should by be appreciated that as a kind of multiple spot multiple access wireless telecommunication system 10 that shows a bit in, one given base station processor 220, utilize and the identical method of a cellular telephone communication network, support to have the communication of most different active users access units 214.

In this scheme,, be and use distributed identical for this second user colony 210 for this first user colony 110 uses this radio frequency of being distributed.The present invention is special to be concerned about how this first colony 110 is being produced under the minimum interference, allow this second user colony 210 to use different coding structures.

On this PC 212 typical cases desktop computer 212-l, handheld unit 212-h, cellular telephone or the PDA(Personal Digital Assistant) form computer apparatus that uses world-wide web.Each this PC 212 be by a kind of similarly be the suitable wired connection that the ether form connects, be connected to other user access unit 214.

One user access unit 214 allows its relevant PC 212, is connected to this NetWare file server 230 by this base station processor 220, gateway 222 with network 224.In this reverse link direction, just, in order to move towards the data traffic of this server 230 from this PC 212, this PC 212 provides a kind of Internet Protocol (IP) class package to this user access unit 214.This user access unit 214 then with suitable wireless connections news frame and coding, compresses this wired news frame (ether news frame just).The wireless data package of this appropriate formatization is then by this

antenna

216 and 218, and it is mobile to spread all over one of radio channel of comprising this backward chaining 50.In this central base station position, this base station processor 220 then takes out this radio link news frame, formats this package again with the Internet Protocol form, and transmits by this world-wide web gateway 222.This package similarly is the transmission control/network communication protocol (TCP/IP) of this world-wide web 224 then by any number and/or any form, and being sent to similarly is the terminal destination of this NetWare file server 230.

Data can transfer to this PC 212 from this NetWare file server 230 in a forward chaining direction.In this facts,, move through this world-wide web 224, pass through this world-wide web gateway 222, and arrive this base station processor 220 at the Internet Protocol package that this document server 230 produces.Then increase suitable wireless protocols news frame and be encoding among this Internet Protocol package.This package then moves through this

antenna

218 and 216, to this expection reception user access unit 214.This receives user access unit 214 these wireless package forms of decoding, and sends the expection PC 212 that this package is handled to real this Internet Protocol layer of work.

Therefore one given PC 212 and this document server 230 can be considered the end points that a duplex connects at this Internet Protocol class place.In case connect, therefore just can transfer data to this document server 230 the user of this PC 212, or receive data from this document server 230.

From the viewpoint of this second user colony 210, this backward chaining 50 be actually by comprise an access channel 251, most traffic channel 252-1 ... 252-t, and a most multi-form logic and/or an entity radio channel of keeping channel 53 formed.By this backward chaining access channel 251 that this user access unit 240 uses, transmission information is to this base station processor 220, to ask the traffic channel of its allowance.The traffic channel 252 of this appointment is transported the carrying data to this base station processor 220 then from this user access unit 214.Should be appreciated that a given Internet Protocol layer connects, and in fact can have most traffic channel 252 of appointment.In addition, one keeps channel 253 can spread all over this backward chaining 50, and transporting similarly is the information of changing simultaneously with power control information, to other support information transmission.

Identical, this second user colony have comprise a calling channel 241, most traffic channel 242-1 ... 242-t, and a forward chaining 40 of keeping channel 243.By this calling channel 241 that this base station processor 220 uses, not only notify this forward chaining traffic channel 252 that user access unit 214 has distributed, also notify the distribute traffic channel 252 of this user access unit 214 in this reverse link direction.Traffic channel 242-1 in this forward chaining 40 ... 242-t then is used with from this base station processor 220, transports the carrying data to this user access unit 214.In addition, keep channel 243, transport in this forward chaining 40 timeization and power control information to this user access unit 214 from this base station processor 220.Should be appreciated that on its typical case it is to have than calling channel 241 or keep channel 243 to be many calling channels 241.In this preferred embodiment, this logic forward chaining channel 241,242 and 243 and 251,252 and 253 is to utilize to specify the mode of each channel one pseudo-random noise (PN) channel code to define.Therefore this system 10 is called a kind of code division multiple access system, and wherein most encoding channels can use this identical radio frequency (RF) channel.This logic OR encoding channel also can be distinguished from most active users access units 214 or be specified.

The sequence of this signal processing operations is real the work so that this other backward chaining logic channel 51,52 and 53 is encoded on the typical case.In this reverse link direction, this transmitter is one of them of this user access unit 214, and this receiver is this base station processor 220.This preferred embodiment of the present invention is real work the in a kind of environment, wherein similarly is the digital cdma cellular telephone system legal user consistent with this IS-95B standard operation, also is present among this backward chaining 50.In an IS-95B system, backward chaining CDMA channel signal is to utilize to specify nonopiate pseudo-random noise code to discern.

With reference now to Fig. 2,, this chnnel coding of narrating in more detail for this first legal user colony 110 is handled.For example, this first horizontal user comprises the digital code division multiple access cellular telephone system user according to this above-mentioned IS-95B standard signal coding.Therefore this channel separately is by for each channel, defined with this input digit voice signal of a pseudo-random noise code sequence institute modulation.Particularly, this chnnel coding processing obtains the supplied with digital signal 302 that a representative is transmitted information.One or four phase modulators 304 provide (i) and four fens (q) signal paths in the phase place, to one-to-many treasure 306-i and 306-q.It is a kind of for the frequency spectrum distribution employed weak point of purpose (2 15-1 or 32767 bits in this case) length code that one short pseudo-random noise code generator 305 provides.Therefore this short code be typically with for the coding of each these first user colony, 110 logic channel identical.

This (i) and (q) signal path are applied one second modulation step of encoding, and are with an other normal pseudo-random noise code, multiply each other with these two signal paths.This is finished with this long code multiplier 308-i and 308-q by this long code generator 307.This long code is used for being identified in uniquely each user in this backward chaining.This long code can be very long coding, similarly is the long code that per 2 42-1 bits just repeat.This long code is to apply in this short code chip rate place, and for example this long code bit is to be applied to each bit of being exported by this short code modulation process, does not therefore produce extra frequency spectrum and scatters.

Be offset to each user's mode with the out of phase that applies this pseudo-random noise long code, identification other user.

Should be appreciated that step when need not take other for this first user colony 110.Therefore particularly, these transmission in this backward chaining 50 are to be designed to asynchronously, do not need quadrature completely.

Fig. 3 is the more detailed description of handling for the chnnel coding of this second user colony 210.For example, this second user colony 210 comprises according to for the optimized form of transfer of data, carries out the wireless data user of signal encoding.

Utilization with a kind of with for this first user colony 110 the mode of identical false these input data of noise code sequence modulation of the coded sequence that used, discern this other user.Yet as what will be understood very soon, the channel in this second user colony 210 is the certain orthogonal sign indicating number institute identification uniquely similarly to be Walsh (Walsh) sign indicating number.Particularly, handle, obtain a supplied with digital signal 402, and apply the majority coding that is produced by a short code generator 405, walsh codes generator 413 and long code generator 407 for the chnnel coding of this second user colony 210.

As a first step, one or four phase modulators 404 provide (i) and four fens (q) signal paths in the phase place, to one-to-many treasure 406-i and 406-q.In this case, this weak point pseudo-random noise code generator 405 provides the short code of scattering employed 215 length of purpose for frequency spectrum.Therefore this short code is with in this first user colony 110, for each channel employed should short pseudo-random noise code identical.

Second step of this processing is that to apply similarly be the orthogonal code that is produced with walsh codes generator 413.This is to utilize this multiplier 412-i and 412-q, impress this orthogonal code to each this phase place with four sub-signal paths on institute finish.Be assigned to this orthogonal code and the difference of each logic channel, and discern these channels uniquely.

In the final step of this processing, apply one second pseudo-random noise long code to should (i) and (q) signal path.This long code generator 407 is sent this long code 408-i and four fens multiple devices of 408-q one of indivedual to this phase place with this.This long code is not identified in each user in this second user colony 210 uniquely.Particularly, this coding can be and use that one of long code of discerning its first user colony 110 uniquely is very identical in this first user colony.Whereby, for example, it applies and the identical method of a short code chip rate, so a bit of this long code, is to be applied to each bit of being exported by this short code modulation process.In the method, these all users in this second user colony 210, appearing is a legal user of this first user colony 110.Yet the user of this second user colony 210 has been because specified unique orthogonal Walsh code, and can be discerned uniquely.

Doing as the reality in this preferred embodiment is in a backward chaining 50, must provide other information to maintain the orthogonality between the different users in the second user colony 210.Therefore particularly, in this forward chaining 40, comprise and keep channel 243.This keeps or " center (heartbeat) " channel provides and changes information and/or other timing signal simultaneously, so suitably its transmission simultaneously of this remote unit 214.This keeps channel can be time slot.The more long formization of channel 243 is kept in this forward chaining, can be referred to and file an application February 1 calendar year 2001, one United States Patent (USP) that continues is used, numbering No.09/775/305, title is " MAINTENANCE LINK USING ACTIVE/STANDBY REQUESTCHANNELS ", is to be integrated into list of references in this its complete file.

Should be appreciated that some construction therefore can be shared with this first user colony 110 by this second user colony 210.For example, though in Fig. 1, be shown as this

antenna

218 and 118 of indivedual antenna for base station, in fact can be a shared antenna.Identical, the position of this antenna is also therefore identical.This allows this second user colony 210 to share by this legal user 110 entity is set up in the space position and employed equipment.This has simplified greatly the wireless construction of this new user colony 210 has been used, and for example, does not need to set up new position and new antenna setting.

Fig. 4 is the network diagram similar to Fig. 1.In this wireless network 400, one first base station processor 220-1 and the second base station processor 220-2 (being called 220 jointly) for access terminal 213-1,213-2 ..., 213-3 and handheld unit 113-1,113-2 and 113-3, the access to other networks (similarly being this world-wide web or public exchanging telephone network) is provided.This base station processor 220 also is supported in and allows the identical time point of legal handheld unit 113 with typical way use backward chaining, for soft the submitting of code division multiple access backward chaining of non-legal access terminal 213 use orthogonal channels.Access terminal 213 is can replace with reference to being field unit or user access unit with handheld unit 113.

" legal " field unit, be with reference to for not for the shared common backward chaining channel of other field unit, apply orthogonal code and be equipped with the field unit of modulation process device." non-legal " field unit, then with reference to for the shared common backward chaining channel of other field unit, apply orthogonal code and be equipped with the field unit of modulation process device.This base station processor 220 is supported the backward chaining channel optionally to specify the soft mode of submitting of timing control again according to benchmark.In a preferred embodiment, these both base station processors 220 provide the power Control and Feedback to this field unit.

Continuation is first and second chronogram 403-1 and 403-2 (being called 403 jointly) above these antenna tower 218 with reference to figure 4, and it is described for each field unit with 220 communications of these indivedual base station processors, during the correlometer of its reverse link signal.These chronogram 403 described differences are that this quadrature backward chaining channel is a time alignment, the then non-time alignment of this quadrature or non-orthogonal channel.As discussed above, share each non-legal access terminal 213 of a common backward chaining channel, have the extra encoding process that increases by a unique orthogonal,, differentiate its reverse link signal to use the network equipment reverse link signal of this common backward chaining channel from other.

For the purpose of this discussion, this access terminal 213 of its hypothesis (i) is shared a common backward chaining orthogonal channel, and (ii) these three handheld units 113 use legal, non-orthogonal mechanics of communication in this backward chaining.

In this first chronogram 403-1, this first base station processor 220-1 uses an alignment controller (not shown) with the backward chaining orthogonal channel for this base station processor access terminal that 220-1 is controlled, and aims at its timing.In this case, this base station processor 220-1 controls this this first and second field unit 213-1 and 213-2, respectively with represented backward chaining logic channel 420-1 of vertical mark 425-1 and 425-2 and the timing of 420-2.Having the backward chaining time of aligning the backward chaining channel of (in other words, aiming at the common long code phase place), is to be referenced to be " nature " orthogonal channel 410.The 3rd access terminal 213-3 of same and this first base station processor 220-1 communication, the timing of its backward chaining logic channel 420-3 (425-3) is not aimed at the backward chaining logic channel of 213-2 with this first and second access terminal 213-1.The backward chaining channel 420-3 of the 3rd access terminal 213-3 is subjected to this second base station processor 220-2 to control.In view of the above, this backward chaining logic channel 420-3 (425-3) timing of the 3rd access terminal 213-3 in this first chronogram 403-1, is from this nature orthogonal channel 425-1 and 425-2 skew.

In this second chronogram 403-2, with backward chaining logic channel 420-1,420-3,420-4,420-5 and the 420-6 of these five radio network device 213-1,213-2,113-1,113-2 and 113-3 of this second base station processor 220-2 communication, be to represent with vertical mark 425-1,425-3,425-4,425-5 and 425-6 respectively.This second base station processor 220-2 controls the timing of the reverse orthogonal linkage 420-3 of the 3rd access terminal 213-3 (425-3), but does not control the timing of other access terminal 213-1 and 213-2.Therefore, as what expect, as pointed in this second chronogram, this reverse orthogonal linkage channel 420 (425) is in this second base station processor 220-2 place's phase deviation each other.It is relative approaching that three 425-1,425-5 of this backward chaining channel are in the timing at this second base station processor 220-2 with 425-6, and is referenced and is " external " orthogonal channel 415.

This external orthogonal channel 415 is not genuine quadrature, and wherein this channel does not have unique orthogonal, to differentiate each other on one common, backward chaining channel.Therefore, if this external orthogonal channel 415 is aligned, they will produce at this second base station processor 220-2 place each other to destroy and disturb.In a particular case, each this base station processor 220 can be supported nature orthogonal channel 410 and external or non-orthogonal channel 415.This situation indicates combining of non-legal and legal field unit, can use in this identical honeycomb zone respectively.

In existing quadrature technique, when similarly being the honeycomb zone of the field unit of one of this access terminal (for example 213-3) from one first base station processor 220-1, when moving to the honeycomb zone of one second base station processor 220-2, in this backward chaining, do not have the soft technology of submitting.The soft technology of submitting of this backward chaining disclosed herein, (i) support from non-legal radio network device 213 base station processor 220 at the most, communication in this backward chaining, (ii) do timing and power control (waiting a moment narration) in fact, and (iii) describe with reference to figure 8, for a field unit, which is main backward chaining timing control to coordinate most base station processor 220 according to benchmark.Controlled by this majority base station processor 220 by coordination, the backward chaining channel of a given access terminal 213, this given access terminal 213 can move to another nest chamber region from a nest chamber region, and need not interrupt the link in the backward chaining.Principle of the present invention also comprises and is used for technology that quick quadrature timing aims at (in other words, for an access terminal 213, adjust the phase place of this common logic channel long code, so this common backward chaining channel, with the common backward chaining channel of other access terminal 213 is that timing is aimed at, or orthogonal).

This base station processor 220 receives the timing of these backward chaining channels, determines the overall timing offset of this field unit backward chaining logic channel, is the function of this backward chaining logic channel timing of other field unit of sharing this same reverse link logic channel.This overall offset transfers to this field unit 213 with the form of a bias order or offset information.According to this overall offset information, this field unit produces this logic channel, consistent with this overall offset rough timing adjustment.After this rough timing adjustment, can produce with this base station processor 220 after the rough timing adjustment of this backward chaining logic channel 420, consistent trickle timing adjustment is adjusted in the trickle timing that is measured.

Fig. 5 is the block diagram of one of this base station processor 220-1, and it comprises in order to use the soft regulation of submitting of a code division multiple access backward chaining of an orthogonal channel structure.This base station processor 220-1 receives the backward chaining channel from this field unit 113,213 by these antenna tower 218.Receiver 505 from given field unit 213 receptions one a backward chaining channel transmits signal to the quadrature timing controller 510 of this reception.This quadrature timing controller 510 or equivalent element are shared the field unit of this same reverse link logic channel from other, and decision is about the overall timing offset 513 of backward chaining channel.This overall timing offset 513 can be in order to transfer to the absolute measurement of this given field unit 213 with a command forms, or one relatively measure and be recycled to this field unit 213 with a message form, use extra process to determine the timing offset (in other words, phase place adjustment) of this reverse link signal with this this field unit 213.It also can use combining form absolute and relative measurement.

Fig. 6 A is the network structure with one of this first base station processor 220-1 and second base station processor 220-2.This base station processor 220 comprises alignment controller 515 separately.This alignment controller 515 is to be used by this base station processor 220, to select or to control the timing aligning of the backward chaining 420 of which base station processor 220 these field units 213 of control.

In order to determine which base station processor 220 to aim at for this field unit 213-1 controls this timing, this alignment controller 515 can calculate and the relevant standard (for example, signal noise ratio (SNR)) of signal that receives from this field unit 213-1.

One given alignment controller 515 can be issued the alignment controller 515 of an information to other, to tell other base station processor 220, be somebody's turn to do the relevant base station processor 220 of relevant this given alignment controller 515, will control the backward chaining channel timing of this field unit 213-1.Alternatively, it similarly is another alignment controller 515 of this alignment controller 515 in this second base station processor 220-2 that this given alignment controller 515 can issue that an order or information gives, and this second base station processor 220-2 should control the backward chaining channel timing of this field unit 213-1.Other is consulted configuration and can produce between this alignment controller 515, will control the aligning of this field unit 213-1 to determine which base station processor 220.In case the timing of this backward chaining channel has been ordered or be selected to control to a base station processor 220, just use this quadrature timing controller 510 to determine an overall timing offset, submit in order to promote this timing control as above discussion.

Fig. 6 B is the structure chart of this wireless network, and wherein in situation about integrating with this user access unit 214-1, this alignment controller 515 is the parts that expand into this field unit 213-1.Alternatively, this alignment controller 515 can be included among this PC 212-1, or a separate unit that is connected with this user access unit 214-1 or PC 212-1 electric power.

In this configuration, this alignment controller 515 provides an order or information at the user access unit of this field unit 231-1 214-1, responds the timing control signal that is received from one of this first base station processor 220-1 or this second base station processor 220-2 to cause this field unit 231-1.

Fig. 6 C is the structure chart of this wireless network 400, and wherein this alignment controller 515 is to locate to launch at this base station controller (123).In this case, this alignment controller 515 can receive from this first base station processor 220-1 or this second base station processor 220-2, from each these quadrature timing controller 510 reception information, should control the timing of this quadrature, backward chaining channel for this field unit 213-1 to determine which base station processor 220.This alignment controller 515 can similarly be the signal noise ratio in each these base station processor 220 place's reverse link signal, and produce decision according to most factors.This alignment controller 515 can utility command or information, is in order to control the timing of this field unit 213-1 backward chaining channel to indicate which base station processor 220.In another situation, the base station processor 220 of this selection can issue one the order or or information to this field unit 213-1, this base station processor 220 will be controlled the timing of this quadrature backward chaining channel.Should be appreciated that this alignment controller 515 also knows this dispersion notion, and be produced, be controlled the timing of this backward chaining channel,, will be dispersed with the maximized decision of validity with between this base station processor 220 about utilizing which base station processor 220.

Fig. 7 is consistent with principle of the present invention, the soft process chart of submitting of a code division multiple access quadrature backward chaining.In this example, this first base station processor 220-1 carries out one first program 700, and this second base station processor 220-2 carries out one second program 735.After these base station processor program 700 beginnings, this base station processor program 700 is waited for a reverse link signal that receives from this access terminal 213 in step 710 in step 705.After these access terminal program 735 beginnings, this access terminal 213 is in step 745 in step 740, and transmission one has in other access terminal 213 reverse link signal the reverse link signal of this unique orthogonal on the common backward chaining channel.This base station processor program 700 receives this reverse link signal in step 710, and continues step 715.In step 715, these base station processor program 700 decisions are in this backward chaining channel, identification belongs to this long code of this access terminal 213 of quadrature backward chaining user colony, whether be to have as describing with Fig. 3, with the same-phase long code of other access terminal 213 in this same access terminal user colony with reference to the 2nd.This long code is not similarly to be unique certain orthogonal sign indicating number of walsh code, and it is to aim at timing by this base station processor program 700.The uniqueness of this reverse link signal, recognition coding are quadratures when this long code phasing each other.

If the long code in this reverse link signal be with other in this identical orthogonal backward chaining user colony, other reverse link signal same-phase of other access terminal 213 (in other words, timing is aimed at) is just this program 700 finishes at step 730 place.If this long code not with other access terminal reverse link signal in the long code same-phase, 700 of this base station processor programs continue in step 720, wherein as above with reference to discussing among the figure 5, by this quadrature timing controller, produce the decision of this overall timing offset.

This base station processor program 700 continues in step 725, and wherein this base station processor 220 transmits this overall timing offset to this access terminal 213 with the form of an order or information.This access terminal program 735 receives this overall timing offset, and adjusts the timing of this reverse link signal in step 750.This access terminal program 735 finishes in step 755, and this base station processor program 700 finishes in step 730.

Fig. 8 is this two base station processors 220-1 and 220-2, the flow chart with these access terminal 213 reciprocations the time.This first base station processor 220-1 carries out a program 800, and it controls the backward chaining timing of this access terminal 213.This another base station processor 220-2 carries out a program 802, and it provides the processing of these access terminal 213 backward chaining timing of non-control.This access terminal 213 is carried out itself program 833.This program 833 can receive feedback, produce the rough and trickle total amount adjustment of this reverse link signal timing, and produces and the consistent power level adjustment of power level feedback of all receiving from 220 of this base station processors.

The signal (step 836) that these access terminal 213 transmission are received by this first base station processor 220-1 and this second base station processor 220-2.In this example, it supposes to select this first base station processor 220-1 to control the timing of this reverse link signal in advance by this access terminal 213.Therefore this first base station processor 220-1 is from this access terminal 213, receive backward chaining orthogonal signalling (step 803), it is not to aim at other reverse link signal of sharing this same reverse link channel, is and aims at from other reverse link signal of other access terminal 213 of this same reverse link channel of use.This base station processor 220-1 is in step 806, and whether decision reaches the timing benchmark from the signal of this access terminal 213.If this signal does not just reach the timing benchmark, this program 800 determines an overall timing offset, and feeds back to this access terminal 213, uses the signal of same-code to aim to lead this signal and other.This access terminal 213 receives feedback in step 839.If this signal reaches this timing benchmark, this program 800 continues step 809, and wherein whether these program 800 decisions need a trickle timing translation.If desired, this program 800 is transmitted in the step 839, and this trickle timing that is received by these access terminal 213 these programs 833 of execution moves to this access terminal 213.If do not need this trickle timing translation, this program 800 continues step 815.

In step 815, whether this base station processor 220-1 decision will adjust the signal power degree of being transmitted by this access terminal 213.Similar, this second base station processor 220-2 also determines whether need form a power level adjustment of this access terminal 213 in step 815.In arbitrary situation, this power level skew is in this forward chaining, is sent to this access terminal 213.

If without any need for the power level adjustment, with reference to this first base station processor and program 800 and this second base station processor and program 802 both, this other program continues step 818, wherein produces about should an initial timing controlling the decision of submitting.

Timing control is submitted and can be determined according to some benchmark:

(a) in the pre-defined cycle of a timing, the standard of an alternative route surpasses a threshold value;

(b) in the pre-defined cycle of a timing, the standard of an alternative route surpasses a relevant threshold value in path at present;

(c) this selects the path decline at present to an absolute standard; And

(d) this path candidate surpasses an absolute standard, and wherein this standard may be following one or more:

(a) power;

(b) signal noise ratio;

(c) power variation number;

(d) signal noise ratio variance; And

(e) relative ratios in this two path.

If initial timing control is submitted, then in step 821, this base station processor 220-1 upgrades other base station processor and this base station controller 123.This access terminal 213 also can be apprised of this timing control and submit.If this timing control is not surrendered, this program 800 and 802 continues step 824, wherein produce another base station processor 220, base station controller 123 and access terminal 213 and should transmit its order that will control this reverse link signal timing or information, should receive the decision that timing is controlled to discharge maybe to this base station processor 220.If this base station processor discharges or receives timing control responsibility, this program 800,802 continues step 830, with the update system operating parameter; Otherwise this program 800,802 continues to get back to step 803, to receive the signal from this access terminal 213.

Program 833 by this access terminal 213 is carried out receives feedback in step 839, and handles this feedback as subsequent action.At first, if do not receive any feedback, in this embodiment, this program 833 loop etc. in step 839 is to be feedback.If receive feedback, this program continues in step 842, has determined whether to receive a rough timing adjustment order or an information.If receive, just in step 845, produce this rough timing adjustment.Should be appreciated that this rough timing adjustment can be a kind of as above-mentioned absolute or measurement relatively.

In step 848, whether these access terminal 213 decisions have received a trickle timing adjustment order or an information.If receive, just in step 851, produce this trickle timing adjustment.Will be appreciated that on this trickle timing adjustment typical case be a species diversity order or an information.After this trickle timing adjustment, whether these program 833 decisions have received a power level adjustment order or an information.If receive, this access terminal 213 is adjusted this power level in step 857.

After the adjustment of this timing or power, this program 833 is upgraded the operating parameter of this access terminal 213 in step 860.After upgrading this system parameters, this program 833 repeats at step 839 place, waits the feedback from one or more base station processor 220.

Fig. 9 is the program of being carried out respectively by this base station processor 220 and this access terminal 213 900,920, in order to adjust this reverse link signal power level by these access terminal 213 transmission.With reference in step 905, beginning by these base station processor 220 performed programs 900.In step 910, whether these base station processor 220 decisions cause this reverse link signal power level that this access terminal 213 changes in step 910.Change this reverse link signal power level if desired, just the form transmission with order or information feeds back to this access terminal 213.These base station processor 220 programs 900 finish in step 915.

Begin in step 925 by these access terminal 213 performed programs 920.In case receive feedback in step 930, this program 920 continues in step 935, wherein produce whether all base station processors 220, all ask the decision of power level increase.If this program 920 continues in step 940, wherein this access terminal 213 increases and the as many reverse link signal power level of this minimum increase power.If be not that all base station processors 220 all ask power level to increase, just in step 945, produce the decision of whether asking a power level to increase about any base station processor 220.If this access terminal 213 reduces and the identical power level of a minimum minimizing feedback in step 950.This program 920 finishes in step 955, or simply loop is got back to step 930, receives power level feedback to wait for.

When power control is when just giving nonopiate base station to keep among both, can transmit order or standard to this user base station transmitter (in other words, this access terminal 213) by a forward chaining.From the power control command of each base station processor 220, can whether reach according to signal quality standard at each indivedual base station processor 220.This signal quality standard for example can be a kind of bit ratio of error (BER), signal noise ratio, received power or multiple decline path (Ec/Io).Suppose to satisfy this standard, just transmit an order of lowering through-put power.Because both receive order or information to this access terminal 213 from base station processor 220, it reflects the conflict order often.When this took place, this access terminal 213 was followed the order of " power descends (power down) ".This be a kind of exclusive (exclusive OR) function, for example,, just produce the order of " power rising (power up) " if when this base station processor 220 boths order power to rise.If this base station processor 220 both one of order power descend, just produce the order that power descends.This is effective equally when many bits command, and its minimum of following power increases or maximum the minimizing.

Though the present invention illustrates in the mode with reference to this most preferred embodiment and describes, and should be appreciated that in this technology, can not deviate from the viewpoint mode of the present invention that this additional the application's claim scope comprises, be created in pro forma various variation.

Claims

1. in a base station, a kind of method that is used to aim at reverse link signal, described method comprises:

Receive from the given subscriber unit in the backward chaining and have a signal of the orthogonal coding of a uniqueness by this base station;

Determine a total timing offset of described signal, so that described signal is basically with mutually orthogonal from the signal of at least one other subscriber unit in the described backward chaining;

Cause described signal and signal in orthogonal ground to arrange from least one other subscriber unit in this backward chaining or another backward chaining;

Allow described signal with from the skew of the signal in orthogonal of described at least one other subscriber unit in other backward chaining ground;

Calculate and the oppositely relevant yardstick of this signal of link of receive; And

According to this yardstick, optionally determine this base station whether this subscriber unit of this control and the orthogonal arrangement of tying the signal of this at least one other subscriber unit from described reverse strand.

2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that responding the responsibility that is assigned to orthogonal arrangement, with the form of timing order or clocking information with described timing offset report to given subscriber unit.

3. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described base station comprises one first power controller, with one first power level of decision at the code signal of first base station, wherein, described first power controller with the form of power command or power information provide feeding back to of power level given subscriber unit.

4. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that described base station comprises an alignment controller of submitting in order to initialization timing control.

5. base station of aiming at CDMA backward chaining channel, described base station comprises:

One orthogonal channel receiver is in order to receive the orthogonal intersection code signal from the subscriber unit in the backward chaining; And

One timing controller causes a rough timing adjustment in order to the timing to described code signal, the order or the information of the timing of the redistributing control of the subscriber unit under with response one timing that before had been in another base station being controlled.

6. in a base station, a kind of in order to aim at the method for CDMA backward chaining channel, described method comprises:

Subscriber unit from a backward chaining receives an orthogonal coding reverse link signal;

Response is to ordering or information of the timing control of redistributing backward chaining that before had been in a timing control subscriber unit down of another base station, determines a total timing offset of described code signal and the timing of described backward chaining code signal is caused a rough timing adjustment.

7. operate to aim at the subscriber unit of a CDMA backward chaining channel in a wireless network for one kind, described subscriber unit comprises:

One orthogonal channel conveyer is with the signal at the orthogonal coding of transmission one uniqueness to the backward chaining of a base station; And

One timing adjustment unit, described code signal is caused a rough timing adjustment, receive a total timing offset with response from the base station so that described code signal basically with the backward chaining of comfortable described base station on the code signal of at least one other subscriber unit mutually orthogonal.

8. in a subscriber unit of a wireless network operations, a kind of method comprises:

With the backward chaining of a base station on, transmit a uniqueness and signal orthogonal coding; And

Make described code signal carry out a rough timing adjustment, receive a total timing offset with response from the base station so that described code signal basically with the backward chaining of comfortable described base station on the code signal of at least one other subscriber unit mutually orthogonal.