CN1833089B - Device for transporting particles of a magnetic material and tool comprising such a device - Google Patents
Device for transporting particles of a magnetic material and tool comprising such a device Download PDFInfo
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- CN1833089B CN1833089B CN2004800195362A CN200480019536A CN1833089B CN 1833089 B CN1833089 B CN 1833089B CN 2004800195362 A CN2004800195362 A CN 2004800195362A CN 200480019536 A CN200480019536 A CN 200480019536A CN 1833089 B CN1833089 B CN 1833089B
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Abstract
A device for transporting particles containing a magnetic material in a selected direction, comprising: a magnet (7) arranged to generate a magnetic field for retaining the particles on a support surface (15) whereby the magnetic field on the support surface comprises a high-field band, a low-field band, and a magnetic field gradient between said high- and low-field bands; means for advancing the high- and low-field bands relative to the support surface (15) in a direction having a component in the direction of said magnetic field gradient, whereby the high-field band is followed by the low-field band; whereby along said high-field band at least a first magnetic pole and a second magnetic pole of opposite polarity are arranged such that a first magnetic path on the support surface from the first magnetic pole to the second magnetic pole is shorter than a second magnetic path on the support surface crossing the gradient zone from the first magnetic pole to any other nearest magnetic pole of opposite polarity.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of device that is used for carrying particles of magnetic material along preferential direction.
In second aspect, the present invention relates to a kind of instrument of excavating object and comprising this device of being used to.
Be used for carrying the device of particles of magnetic material open in International Patent Application WO 02/34653 along preferential direction.This known devices comprises cylindrical magnet, and this cylindrical magnet is arranged in the support unit that is formed by cylindrical sleeve with one heart, and the external surface of this sleeve is formed for supporting the area supported of particle.Cylindrical magnet forms than small magnet by three, and these three are stacked than the axis direction of small magnet along eliminator magnet (separator magnet).Each has the radially relative N and the S utmost point than small magnet, and has the mode of opposite N-S direction to pile up than small magnet with adjacent magnets.
Magnet provides a plurality of spiral slots at its external surface, so that the local radial distance that is increased between magnet and the area supported, so that produce than the low magnetic field intensity zone.The higher magnetic field band is arranged between these are than the downfield zone.Magnet has central longitudinal axis, and magnet can rotate with respect to sleeve around this longitudinal axis.
When work, magnetic-particle remains on the area supported by the magnetic field that is produced by the cylindrical separator magnet.Particularly, magnetic-particle remains in the zone between the spiral slot, and is stronger relatively at this regional magnetic field.Because the axial rotation of eliminator magnet, magnetic-particle stands the magnetic field intensity motion gradient perpendicular to spiral slot (particle will move along this spiral slot).Like this, particle is carried on area supported.
Have been found that for given speed, the numbers of particles that known devices can be carried at time per unit is limited.When the numbers of particles that offers device surpasses this boundary, find that magnetic-particle descends or even stops fully along the conveying of area supported.
According to a first aspect of the invention, provide a kind of device that is used for carrying along preferential direction particles of magnetic material, this device comprises:
Support unit, this support unit are useful on the area supported of supporting particle, and this area supported extends along preferential direction;
The eliminator magnet, this eliminator magnet arrangement becomes to produce and is used for particle is remained on magnetic field on the area supported, therefore, be arranged to have the highfield band in the magnetic field on the area supported, the magnetic field gradient in downfield band and the gradient region between described highfield band and downfield band, and the magnetic field intensity in the band of highfield is higher than the magnetic field intensity in the downfield band;
Be used to device that highfield band and downfield band are advanced in a certain direction with respect to area supported, this direction has along the component of the magnetic field gradient directions on area supported, and therefore, there is the downfield band back of highfield band;
Thus, at least first magnetic pole of opposite polarity and second magnetic pole are arranged to like this along described highfield band, and promptly first flux path from this first magnetic pole to this second magnetic pole is more short out near second magnetic flux of magnetic pole than cross gradient region other from first magnetic pole to opposite polarity at area supported on area supported.
For illustrative purposes, magnetic pole on eliminator magnet surface or area supported, the zone that intersects of magnetic field line and eliminator magnet surface or area supported, therefore be expressed as the source or the sink zone of magnetic field line.
Have been found that when magnetic-particle on area supported very for a long time, this magnetic-particle self will be arranged chaining on area supported, this chain extends between the N in the magnetic field on the area supported utmost point and the S utmost point.Magnetic is approaching more each other by the adjacent N in the band of highfield and the S utmost point being arranged to opposite polarity magnetic pole than gradient region opposite side, and the magnetic-particle chain will preferentially align with the highfield band, rather than gradient region.Dui Qi magnetic-particle will all be subjected to the field of force by the generation of the magnetic field gradient in the gradient region that advances like this.
Do not wish that the magnetic-particle chain crosses the magnetic pole of gradient region from the magnetic pole of band inside, highfield to band outside, highfield.Because these chains cross gradient region, therefore, have only relatively small amount particle in the chain to be subjected to and the relevant power gradient of magnetic field gradient in the gradient region, like this, the particle in the effective pulling chain of advancing in this zone advances with it.Field structure of the present invention will avoid this magnetic-particle chain to cross gradient region.
According to a second aspect of the invention, a kind of instrument that is used to excavate object is provided, this instrument comprises spraying system, this spraying system is arranged such that the jet fluid stream that is mixed with abrasive particle clashes into the object that will excavate, this abrasive particle comprises magnetic material, this spraying system is provided with abrasive particle inlet at least, be used to make abrasive particle can enter spraying system, this instrument also comprises the circulating system again, this again the circulating system be arranged such that at least some abrasive particles are from being recycled back into the spraying system at the fluid stream that returns that is mixed with abrasive particle of the fluid stream that sprays with the downstream of object bump, this again the circulating system comprise according to the described device of aforementioned any one claim, this device is arranged such that area supported is exposed in the described Returning fluid stream, is used for abrasive particle is delivered to import from Returning fluid stream.
Below with reference to the accompanying drawings also by case introduction the present invention, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 has schematically illustrated the sectional view of the part of the instrument that is used to excavate object;
Fig. 2 has schematically illustrated the exterior view according to magnet surface structure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 (a to c) has represented the photo of the instrument shown in Fig. 1, and this instrument has the more steel sands on the area supported that remains on it;
Fig. 4 (a to c) has schematically illustrated the plurality of optional form according to magnet surface structure of the present invention;
Fig. 5 has represented that conduct is along the calculating magnetic field of the function of the axial distance of magnet axial on area supported;
Fig. 6 has schematically illustrated the embodiment with cone separator magnet and conical bearing surface;
Fig. 7 (a to c) has schematically illustrated the magnet structure that provides spiral slot;
Fig. 8 has represented the CALCULATION OF MAGNETIC FIELD INDUCED AROUND radial decay for different magnets; And
Fig. 9 has represented to be used to excavate the schematic diagram of the instrument of object.
In the accompanying drawings, identical parts have same reference numerals.In the following description, specified direction of rotation, and throughput direction is each direction of observation, direction of rotation and this directional correlation are determined.
Schematically illustrated the sectional side elevation of the part of the instrument that is used to excavate object among Fig. 1.Instrument can be connected with the bottom of drill string (not shown), and this drill string stretches in the wellhole that is formed in the object (for example stratum).Instrument be arranged to will mix with abrasive particle drilling liquid flow spray to the object that will excavate, make to the small part abrasive particle and carry out recycling.For this instrument, abrasive particle must be magnetizable.
Instrument has vertical drilling fluid passage 1, and this drilling fluid passage 1 is communicated with drilling fluid conduit fluid in the drill string at the one end, is communicated with mixing chamber 2 fluids by drilling fluid import 3 at its other end.
Mixing chamber 2 also is communicated with abrasive particle inlet 4 fluids that are used for abrasive particle, also is communicated with mixing nozzle 5 fluids with outlet (not shown), this mixing nozzle 5 is arranged to when utilize boring tool to drill in wellhole the fluid of drilling fluid and abrasive particle is flowed injection to the stratum.
Mixing chamber be provided with abrasive particle inlet 4 opposition sides on a plurality of magnetic materials 14, but this is optional.
Mixing nozzle is arranged to tilt with respect to the longitudinal direction of boring tool, and is 15-30 ° with respect to the angle of slope of vertical direction, but also can adopt other angle.Preferably the angle of slope is about 21 °, for the axial rotation of the entire tool by in wellhole and to the abrasion of borehole bottom, this angle be the best.Mixing chamber 2 and mixing nozzle 5 align with outlet nozzle under equal angular, so that make abrasive particle obtain best acceleration.
Drilling fluid passage 1 is arranged to walk around the device 6 that is used to carry magnetic-particle from bypass, and this device 6 is contained in the instrument, as the part of the circulating system again of magnetic abrasive grain, when abrasive particle comprises magnetic material, can use this magnetic abrasive grain.Device 6 comprises the support unit of conical sleeve 15 forms a little, is used to provide the area supported that extends around basic cylindricality elongate separator magnet 7.Eliminator magnet 7 produces magnetic field, is used to make magnetic-particle to remain on area supported 15.
Drilling fluid passage 1 is with respect to area supported 15 and mixing chamber's 2 fixed and arranged.The bottom of drilling fluid passage 1 is arranged near abrasive particle inlet 4.In the present embodiment, drilling fluid passage 1 is formed at ridge (ridge) inside vertically, and this ridge protrudes with area supported 15 and contacts.Also can select, drilling fluid passage 1 can with International Patent Application WO 02/34653 in independently arrange with reference to shown in Figure 4 and described similar mode relative area supported, perhaps along off-axis to the direction layout.The abrasive particle inlet 4 that is used for abrasive particle is positioned at the bottom of ridge.
Cylindrical separator magnet 7 forms than small magnet 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d by four that are stacked, also can adopt different numbers than small magnet.Each magnet 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d have the radially opposite N and the S utmost point, and magnet piles up so that adjacent magnets has toward each other around the mode of the N-S extreme direction of central longitudinal axis 8 orientation anglec of rotation ψ, like this, two substantially radially relative hurricane bands form by the alternating N and the S utmost point respectively.
Because the character of bipolar magnet is lower than around the spiral region aligned N and the S utmost point, basic than the magnetic field intensity in the zone between the N among small magnet 7a, 7b, 7c and the 7d and the S utmost point at each.Like this, with respect to the zone that forms the downfield band, alternately the hurricane band of the N and the S utmost point forms the highfield band that increases magnetic field intensity, and this downfield band is offset about 90 ° with respect to the region, highfield on the orientation.Have gradient region between this highfield band and the downfield band, at this gradient region, magnetic field intensity is decreased to value in the downfield band from the value added the band of highfield.
Eliminator magnet 7 has central longitudinal axis 8, and can be with respect to sleeve 15 around central longitudinal axis 8 rotations.Drive arrangement becomes driving axis 8, thereby makes eliminator magnet 7 be rotated into clockwise or be rotated counterclockwise (bringing appointment by spiral).Drive unit preferably can be arranged to the electric notor form, and this motor can be controlled by the control system (not shown).
Short tapering part 11 is arranged in the bottom of magnet 7d.Sleeve 15 provides corresponding tapering part, and like this, the abrasive particle inlet 4 that is used for abrasive particle provides at area supported 15 and the fluid between the mixing chamber 2 around this tapering part 11 and has been communicated with.Tapering part is preferably based on the identical angle of above-mentioned angle with mixing chamber 2 and mixing nozzle 5.
When operation, instrument is worked as follows.Instrument is connected with the bottom of drill string, and this drill string inserts the wellhole from ground.Drilling liquid flow comes pumping by the appropriate pump on ground, and enters mixing chamber 2 by the drilling fluid conduit and the fluid passage 1 of drill string.In the process of beginning pumping, fluid stream provides magnetic material (for example steel sand or the steel sand grain) abrasive particle of low concentration.
Fluid stream flows to mixing nozzle 5 from mixing chamber 2, and sprays towards borehole bottom.Simultaneously, the drill string rotation, like this, borehole bottom evenly corrodes.The Returning fluid stream that comprises fluid, abrasive particle and excavation chip flows to ground from borehole bottom by wellhole along direction back.Therefore, Returning fluid stream flows along sleeve 15.
In the pumping drilling liquid flow, eliminator magnet 7 is along being rotated around its axis 8 by the specified direction of hurricane band (this direction can be clockwise or counterclockwise).Eliminator magnet 7 comprises the magnetic field of stretching to and crossing sleeve 15 external surfaces.When sleeve 15 flowed, the abrasive particle in fluid stream was by separating from this fluid stream from the magnetic force of eliminator magnet 7 at fluid stream, and this magnetic force is inhaled abrasive particle on the external surface of sleeve 15.
At this moment do not have the drilling liquid flow of magnetic abrasive grain further to flow to the pump on ground substantially, and after removing drilling cuttings, circulate again by drill string by wellhole.
The magnetic force that is applied on the abrasive particle is lower than the highfield band in the downfield band.Remaining on magnetic-particle on the area supported 15 inhales to the band with highfield.Because eliminator magnet 7 is along rotating in the opposite direction with hurricane band side, therefore each band and the gradient region between each band apply power along the direction magnetropism particle vertical with gradient region, this power have downwards to, therefore force particle to carry out spiral and move downward.
When particle arrived abrasive particle inlet 4, the drilling liquid flow that flows in the mixing chamber 2 was carried this particle once more secretly.
In case enter mixing chamber 2 inside, particle will interact with the drilling liquid flow that leads to mixing nozzle 5 by mixing chamber 2 from import 3, and therefore, these particles will be carried secretly by this fluid stream.
If like this, make magnetic field line extend to this magnetic body from the bottom 11 of eliminator magnet at magnetic body 14 with abrasive particle inlet 4 opposition sides.Therefore, not strong from area supported 15 towards the magnetic field gradient of mixing chamber 2 inside, be convenient to magnetic abrasive grain like this and enter mixing chamber 2 by abrasive particle inlet 4.
In next circulation, abrasive particle sprays facing to borehole bottom once more, and flows through the annular channels that is formed by instrument and wellhole along surface direction subsequently.Repeat this circulation then continuously.Like this, drill string/pumping equipment can not be subjected to the infringement of abrasive particle substantially, because they are only by the bottom cycle of drill string, drilling fluid is by whole drill string and pumping equipment circulation simultaneously.When the small part particle flowed to ground by wellhole, this part can be taken back once more by the fluid stream that flows through drill string.
Eliminator magnet 7 also as shown in Figure 2, in the figure, cylindrical surface flattens to paper plane.Therefore, vertically arrange the height of eliminator magnet, this eliminator magnet is divided into than small magnet 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d, and along continuous straight runs can be seen the surface at the place, whole orientation between 9 and 360 °.As shown in the figure, than small magnet, angle ψ in this example is 90 ° in the stacking each, and ψ is adjacent than the azimuth difference between the N-S direction of the projection in the small magnet at two.Also can select, angle ψ can change along the magnet stacking.
According to ψ and the axial height than small magnet, each two highfield band is along the direction elongation with respect to the plane angled θ vertical with central longitudinal axis, as shown in Figure 2.Angle can change along the magnet stacking.
The magnetic-particle that remains on the area supported by the eliminator magnet will make them oneself be arranged to elongate chains, and this elongate chains is along the flux path from a magnetic pole to the nearest magnetic pole of opposite polarity.Can see this chain 45 in Fig. 3, wherein, three photo 3A, 3B and 3C have represented to remain on the recruitment steel sand on the area supported 15 (this area supported 15 is equipped with the spiral separator magnet).As shown in the figure, steel sand self is arranged chaining 43 along the spiral highfield band with NNSS utmost point.Chain between the N and the S utmost point is arranged on the area supported 15 flatly.Outwards give prominence to from area supported at N or the extremely middle steel sand chain of S, because this utmost point is corresponding to the source electrode or the drain electrode of magnetic field line.
Shown in dotted line among Fig. 29, two adjacent N in a highfield band and the shortest flux path on the about cylindrical surface between the S utmost point position than in the S utmost point (or the N utmost point) position in this highfield band and another highfield band near the N utmost point (or S utmost point) between to stride across the shortest path of basic cylindrical surface shorter.Therefore, magnetic-particle will form along the chain of the line 9 that aligns with the highfield band.For example, dotted line 10 is expressed as has the path-length identical with dotted line 9, and can see that this dotted line 10 is too short, to such an extent as to can not the N utmost point of bridge joint from the band of highfield stride across gradient region 16 to this band outside near the distance of the S utmost point.
Correlation distance is determined on the area supported, because this approximately is the distance that particle chain will be grown.
Fig. 4 a, 4b and 4c have represented according to optional magnet structure of the present invention, also are used for rotation counterclockwise.Embodiment shown in Fig. 4 a is similar to the embodiment of Fig. 2, but with respect to the lateral dimension in the plane vertical with stacking direction, than small magnet longitudinally the stacking direction of axis have smaller szie.Because be used for the bridge joint of the particle chain of highfield band between two antipoles distance (by dotted line 12 expressions) than from the magnetic pole of this band inside, highfield to bridge joint distance (by dotted line 13 and 27 expressions) much shorter at the magnetic pole of the opposite polarity of gradient region 16 opposite sides, so the chain of the particle of projection aligns along the line 12 direction with the highfield band.More obvious among the embodiment of diversity ratio Fig. 2 between these distances.As following described in more detail, although have equivalent size and energy capacity, this magnet structure has than development length littler shown in Fig. 2.
In the embodiment of Fig. 4 b, the magnetic pole in band by each than small magnet and arranged alternate, but the magnetic pole of each two same types is disposed adjacent one another.Therefore, this embodiment is based on four stackings than small magnet 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d of Fig. 2, variation is four and is divided into two or more even littler magnet respectively (in the embodiment of Fig. 4 b than small magnet, four are divided into two even littler magnet 7a1 and 7a2,7b1 and 7b2,7c1 and 7c2,7d1 and 7d2 than small magnet), these more each magnetic pole of small magnet carry out azimuth deviation mutually each other.Magnetic pole (zone is shown as the source or the sink of magnetic field line) is by many groups magnetic pole assembling, therefore, each magnetic pole be defined as in magnetic pole, magnetic field line density reaches maximum point.Each magnetic pole arranges with spiral fashion that also preferably consistent with the helical structure of band, therefore, magnetic pole is certainly as similar spiral outward appearance.
Embodiment shown in Fig. 4 c is the mixed form of the element combinations of Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b.In a hurricane band, each magnetic pole is shown as the order of NSSNNSSN or SNNSSNNS.Such advantage is at the middle part of eliminator magnet, and the magnetic pole that forms by adjacent N-N and S-S pole combination is similar spirality, conforms to the helical structure of band.
Simultaneously, by first in the stacking and the last magnetic pole that forms than small magnet along stacking direction less than magnetic pole at the middle part of eliminator magnet.Such advantage is, the flux path that top side from the band of highfield or bottom side magnetic pole begin can find in the band of identical highfield, opposite polarity near magnetic pole, and in the situation of Fig. 4 b, for first and last magnetic pole, this situation does not always satisfy.In order to guarantee N and the path between the S utmost point even littler in the band of highfield, first and last having than the axial height littler in axial stacking than small magnet at eliminator magnet middle part than small magnet.
Fig. 5 has represented the calculating magnetic field intensity B (unit is Te Lasi) on the area supported 15 of conical support unit (for example shown in Fig. 1), and this magnetic field intensity is produced by cylindrical separator magnet 7, the arranging according to Fig. 4 c than small magnet of this eliminator magnet 7.Magnetic field intensity is marked and drawed and to be vertical axis, and the axial height parallel with magnet axis 8 marked and drawed and be horizontal axis.Dimensional parameters provides in Table I.
Table I
| Component names | Reference number | Size |
| The axial length of eliminator magnet | 7 | 120mm |
| The external diameter of eliminator magnet | 7 | 29mm |
| The diameter of area supported |
15 | 34mm |
| The area supported |
15 | 52mm |
Line 20 among Fig. 5 is corresponding to the magnetic field intensity along the spiral passageway in the highfield band of increasing magnetic field, and this path is by 17 expressions of the dotted line among Fig. 4 c.Can see that magnetic field intensity increases gradually.This be since externally the gap width between magnet surface and the area supported 15 (as the function of the position of spirality highfield band) reduce.
Line 21 among Fig. 5 is corresponding to along the magnetic field intensity of (in this example, this path and path 17 depart from 90 ° on the azimuth) of the spiral passageway in the downfield band, and this path is by 18 expressions of the dotted line among Fig. 4 c.Magnetic field intensity in the downfield band is magnetic field intensity only about half of of highfield band, and this is because bipolar character than small magnet causes.Can also see that magnetic field intensity increases gradually.This be since externally the gap width between magnet surface and the area supported 15 reduce.
Similar with line 20 and 21, the line 22 among Fig. 5 represented also that magnetic field intensity reduces along with axial height and increased gradually, this be since externally the gap width between magnet surface and the area supported reduce.This provide act on the magnetic-particle, along the big additional force component of axis direction, this has improved particle conveying in the direction.
Be used to be increased in other method and comprise that axial height along with the eliminator magnet reduces and reduces the wall thickness of bearing sleeve and increase the intensity of eliminator magnet along selected throughput direction along the magnetic field intensity on the track of area supported.The latter can realize than the external diameter of small magnet by increasing with respect to area supported, perhaps increase the magnetic field intensity than small magnet.The latter can realize by the magnet that piles up multiple different magnetic materials, perhaps by using endoporus than small magnet inside, the diameter of this endoporus can be chosen as less than this should strengthen than small magnet.Certainly, also can adopt the combination (comprising the conical bearing surface) of above-mentioned measure.
Fig. 6 has represented similarly to install with device shown in Fig. 1.The inwall 35 of eliminator magnet 37 and bearing sleeve 15 is slightly different with the embodiment of Fig. 1, and wherein, the internal diameter of the external diameter of eliminator magnet 37 and inwall 35 reduces and reduces along with axial height.Than small magnet 37a to 37d is frustoconical shape, so that obtain the eliminator magnet 37 of conical in shape.Gap between the inwall 35 of eliminator magnet 37 and bearing sleeve 15 reduces, and the wall thickness of bearing sleeve also reduces.The advantage of this embodiment is to compare with wellhole, and (capture) length of catching that the eliminator magnet will overcome reduces.And the total magnetic energy in the eliminator magnet can increase, so that increase capture rate.
The shape of the optional body of magnetic material is also slightly different, and these magnetic material 34 bodies are shown as the little agglomerate that is positioned at abrasive particle inlet 4 opposite sides here.The type also can be used for having the device embodiment of cylindrical separator magnet.
Without any mechanical guidance devices (for example ridge that protrudes from area supported 15), therefore, magnetic-particle moves along the downward direction vertical with hurricane band along the spiral passageway of area supported on area supported 15.The downward axial component of transporting velocity and the rotating speed of eliminator magnet multiply by sin (θ) and multiply by cos (θ) and be directly proportional, wherein, θ is the angle between spirality gradient zone and the plane vertical with rotation, this rotation overlaps with the central longitudinal axis of eliminator magnet 7, as shown in Figure 2.Therefore, under the situation without any mechanical guidance devices on the area supported 15, maximum when downwards axial component is in θ=45 °.Preferable range during work is 32 ° to 58 °, and in this scope, the downward component of speed surpasses 90% of maximum possible value.
But, in the embodiment shown in fig. 7, drilling fluid bypass guiding piece 1 is formed at the chi chung that contacts with area supported 15 along axis direction.This ridge makes the magnetic-particle deflection of the downward spiral passageway motion in area supported 15 upper edges, and forces their sidepieces along axis direction along ridge moving in the straight-line openings of the abrasive particle inlet opening 4 of mixing chamber 2.Like this, drilling fluid passage 1 is as guiding device, is used for being used for the abrasive particle inlet 4 of abrasive particle with remaining in magnetic abrasive grain guiding on the area supported 15.
The advantage of this structure is and compares when helical orbit moves when magnetic-particle that the conveying of magnetic-particle being delivered to abrasive particle inlet opening 4 can be faster downwards.At this moment, the downward axial component of transporting velocity is directly proportional divided by tan (θ) with the rotating speed of eliminator magnet.During in aforementioned angle θ=45 °, axially conveying has been one of two faster factors.The high value of θ has produced along the ridge sidepiece even higher axial velocity component.But, should be known in when θ is too big (for example above 60 °) that the gross efficiency of the circulating system reduces owing to rubbing again between particle and area supported 15 and ridge.
For the embodiment of Fig. 1, θ will be more preferably in 45 ° to 60 ° scopes preferably in 30 ° to 60 ° scopes, most preferably is in 45 ° to 55 ° scopes.
In a preferred embodiment, be used to carry the device of particle to comprise one or more relative ridge parts than short and basic axial orientation, this ridge part is arranged on the area supported, and therefore, area supported surpasses the ridge part extension along the ridge part direction.Therefore, magnetic-particle more is evenly distributed on the area supported, and has improved the axial transporting velocity of magnetic-particle on area supported.
In above-mentioned each magnet 7, highfield band and downfield band form by the Distribution of Magnetic Field of bipolar cylindrical magnet.This causes forming the band of a plurality of increasing magnetic field.When the changes of magnetic field in the gradient region is big, the magnetic-particle that remains on the area supported will have the most direct reaction to advancing of gradient region.For this reason, the downfield band preferably reduces magnetic permeability zone and/or the gap between eliminator magnet and area supported corresponding to the eliminator magnet.Therefore, between highfield band and downfield band, obtain more precipitous gradient region.
Fig. 7 has represented an embodiment, and wherein, the area arrangements that reduces the magnetic permeability becomes helical recesses 26 shapes at close band place, highfield in the external surface of eliminator magnet 7.Because the magnetic permeability of magnetic material is higher than the less magnetic permeability magnetic material (gas, fluid or solid) that is full of this recess, so the inner magnet field wire is mainly along magnet material, rather than the interior material of recess of packing into.This makes that near recess 26 highfield bands, increasing magnetic field are more obvious.Fig. 7 a has represented the cross section of eliminator magnet, and it has represented radially antipode circular arc profile 24 on every side, and this circular arc profile 24 is connected by straight substantially profile 25.Straight profile is corresponding to recess 26, and the circular arc profile is corresponding to the highfield band that increases magnetic field intensity.
The vertical view of signal of eliminator magnet is provided in Fig. 7 b, and therefore, tiltedly imaginary line has been represented the transition portion between circular arc profile and straight substantially profile.Fig. 7 c provides the schematic diagram on whole surface in the mode identical with Fig. 2.The angle θ of helical recesses is 53 °.
Preferably, recess arrives certain depth with respect to the cylindricality periphery of eliminator magnet, and this degree of depth is identical or bigger with the distance between the gap between the area supported with magnet surface at the highfield band.
Recess is air inclusion, fluid or solid not, but is vacuum in groove.
The field structure that should be known in Fig. 7 can be replaced by other suitable construction, is particularly replaced by the structure shown in Fig. 2 and 4a, 4b.Should also be appreciated that eliminator magnet shown in Fig. 2,4 and 7, that be used for rotation counterclockwise also can be prepared into and is used for the clockwise direction rotation by making hurricane band be transformed into left hand shape from right hand shape.
The suitable magnet that is used to carry the device of particles of magnetic material and be used for the described circulating system again can be made by the high material of any magnetizability, comprises NdFeB, SmCo and AlNiCo-5 or their combination.
Preferably, the eliminator magnet also at room temperature has 140kJ/m at least
3The magnetic energy capacity, preferably at room temperature surpass 300kJ/m
3, for example when for the time based on the magnet of NdFeB.The high energy capacity makes that the axial contact length of area supported and Returning fluid stream is shorter, so the tapering of area supported is bigger, and this helps axial transporting velocity.Also have, make the required power of eliminator magnet rotation littler.
The component of Table II: Inconel 718 (wt%)
| Element | Minimum | Maximum | The typical case |
| Ni+Co | 50.0 | 55.0 | 53.0 |
| Fe | Balance | 18.5 | |
| Cr | 17.0 | 21.0 | 18.6 |
| Mo | 2.80 | 3.30 | 3.1 |
| Al | 0.35 | 0.80 | 0.4 |
| Ti | 0.65 | 1.15 | 0.9 |
| Cu | 0.15 | 0.05 | |
| Mn | 0.35 | 0.2 | |
| Si | 0.35 | 0.3 | |
| C | 0.08 | 0.04 | |
| P，S | 0.015 | - | |
| B | 0.006 | - | |
| Nb+Ta | 4.75 | 5.5 | 5.0 |
Too high for fear of the reaction torque that acts in rotary course on the eliminator magnet, the vortex flow that should be controlled in the sleeve 15 produces.Therefore, the resistivity of material preferably is higher than 50 μ Ω cm.Therefore, sleeve can be made for the thickness of enough downhole well applications, and therefore, when the speed of eliminator magnet 7 during up to 10Hz, additional torque is near the required moment of torsion of friction that overcomes the normal amount abrasive particle on area supported.Be more preferably, resistivity is higher than 100 μ Ω cm, so that can adopt the higher frequency of about 40Hz.For example, Inconel 718 has the resistivity of about 122 μ Ω cm, and in the instrument of the size that is provided by Table I, the result who calculates and measure is that moment of torsion is 6Ncm under 15Hz.
Fig. 8 has represented the double logarithmic chart of CALCULATION OF MAGNETIC FIELD INDUCED AROUND radial decay of the eliminator magnet (curve 32) of the eliminator magnet (curve 31) of eliminator magnet (curve 30), Fig. 4 c of Fig. 4 b and Fig. 4 a.Marked and drawed radial distance on the horizontal scale, marked and drawed magnetic field on the vertical width from magnet axis.As shown in the figure, compare with the magnet with shorter magnetic pole (for example field structure among Fig. 4 a), the magnet that (in axial direction) on average has bigger identical polar magnetic pole (for example field structure among Fig. 4 b and the 4c) has longer magnetic scope.
Fig. 9 has represented to be used to excavate the schematic diagram of the instrument of object, and this instrument comprises the aforesaid circulating system again.Can see conical bearing surface 15 that the eliminator magnet is housed and the ridge 41 that bypass drilling fluid passage is housed.This ridge also in Fig. 3 as seen.Size is corresponding to the size that provides in the Table I.
With reference to figure 9 and Fig. 3, filter selectively is arranged to the form of skirt 43, and this skirt 43 makes abrasive particle inlet 4 and annular flow path separate, and is created in the opening 44 of the form of slots between skirt 43 and the area supported 15.Area supported 15 and the inner surface of skirt 43 have been determined the channel slot that makes that abrasive particle inlet 4 is connected with the annular flow path of wellhole.This skirt structure has avoided size to enter window bigger rock particles admission passage groove than abrasive particle inlet 4.
The skirt 43 of this structure is gone back guided drilling liquid and is flowed to mixing chamber 2 along suitable throughput direction from the wellhole annular flow path along area supported 15.In order to make drilling fluid fully carry magnetic-particle stream secretly, the drilling fluid speed in the wellhole annular flow path preferably is no more than 3m/s.Also can select, in the skirt wall on the annular flow path side additional slot or opening are set.
Jet pump mechanism in mixing nozzle 5 produces from mixing chamber 2 to mixing nozzle 5 strong drilling liquid flow.Jet pump mechanism is auxiliary supports to make magnetic-particle to flow into mixing chamber.The mixing nozzle 5 of comparing larger diameter with drilling fluid entry nozzle (between import 3 and mixing chamber 2) causes drilling fluid and fully carries secretly by the magnetic abrasive grain that abrasive particle inlet 4 enters mixing chamber.Interaction between drilling fluid of carrying secretly and magnetic-particle also helps efficiently to make particle to be released into the mixing chamber 2 from area supported 15.
When excavating wellhole in the stratum, the drilling liquid flow that returns in wellhole annular flow path (being formed by borehole wall and excavating tools) can be with 2m/s or more speed through the circulating system again.The magnetic field of stretching in the wellhole annular flow path applies enough strong pulling force on particle, so that through before the device they are pulled to area supported at them.Simultaneously, the magnetic force that particle is pulled on the housing will be low as far as possible, so that reduce friction and make the required power of eliminator magnet rotation.Only eliminator magnet is that it is generally for the particular energy capacity has the main bipolar performance eliminator magnet of (surpassing the quadripolarity energy) for minimum main magnet radial poles motion eliminator magnet as far as possible efficiently.As shown in Figure 8, this is preferably in the field structure of Fig. 4 c and realizes, wherein, that considers opposite polarity must be in band near magnetic pole, and the cycle of the magnetic pole of opposite polarity is as far as possible little.
In order to realize again the best capture efficient of the circulating system, the eliminator magnet preferably is positioned at the axial centre of wellhole.In common wellhole, be acceptable up to 15% less axial dipole field of the diameter of excavating tools.The skew of the eliminator magnet axial of embodiment shown in Figure 9 is included in the axial 10% of area supported 15 inside, and perhaps the wellhole for the 70mm aimed dia is about 7mm.
In mixing nozzle 5 or the drilling fluid of abrasion in the jet can comprise usually magnetic abrasive grain up to 10% concentration by volume.The typical concentration of the magnetic abrasive grain of supplying with by bypass manifold 1 is between 0.1 and 1% volume.The eliminator magnet is driven under the speed of 10Hz and 40Hz usually.
Claims (13)
1. instrument that is used to excavate object, this instrument comprises spraying system, this spraying system is arranged to make the jet fluid stream that is mixed with abrasive particle to clash into the object that will excavate, this abrasive particle comprises magnetic material, this spraying system has abrasive particle inlet at least, be used to make abrasive particle can enter spraying system, this instrument also comprises the circulating system again, this again the circulating system be arranged such that at least some abrasive particles are from being recycled back into the spraying system at the fluid stream that returns that is mixed with abrasive particle of the fluid stream that sprays with the downstream of object bump, this again the circulating system comprise a kind of device that is used for carrying the particle comprise magnetic material along preferential direction, this device comprises:
Support unit, this support unit has the area supported that is used to support particle, and this area supported extends along preferential direction;
The eliminator magnet, this eliminator magnet arrangement becomes to produce and is used for particle is remained on magnetic field on the area supported, thus, be arranged to have the highfield band in the magnetic field on the area supported, the magnetic field gradient in downfield band and the gradient region between described highfield band and downfield band, and the magnetic field intensity in the band of highfield is higher than the magnetic field intensity in the downfield band;
Be used to device that highfield band and downfield band are advanced in a certain direction with respect to area supported, this direction has along the component of the magnetic field gradient directions on area supported, and thus, there is the downfield band back of highfield band; It is characterized in that: first magnetic pole of opposite polarity and second magnetic pole are arranged to like this along described highfield band at least, promptly the ratio of first flux path from this first magnetic pole to this second magnetic pole crosses gradient region any other the most short out near second magnetic flux of magnetic pole, that the edge, magnetic field in gradient region is selected throughput direction roughly increase on the track on the area supported from first magnetic pole to opposite polarity at area supported on area supported; And area supported is exposed in the described fluid stream that returns, and is used for abrasive particle is delivered to import from Returning fluid stream.
2. instrument according to claim 1, wherein: the eliminator magnet is the built-up magnet that comprises a plurality of magnetic combination block that are stacked along selected stacking direction.
3. instrument according to claim 2, wherein: each magnetic combination block all has the N-S axis of projection, and this N-S axis is formed by the component on plane internal magnetic field, that the edge is vertical with selected stacking direction.
4. instrument according to claim 3, wherein: the N-S axis of the projection of the magnetic combination block of piling up and highfield band intersect.
5. instrument according to claim 4, wherein: each single magnetic pole group by one or more magnetic combination block of piling up of first magnetic pole and second magnetic pole forms.
6. instrument according to claim 4, wherein: first and/or second magnetic pole is formed by a plurality of magnetic combination block of piling up.
7. according to each described instrument of claim 1 to 6, wherein: be used to make described band to be arranged to the drive unit form with respect to the described device that area supported advances along the direction with the component on the magnetic field gradient directions on the area supported, this drive unit is used to make the eliminator magnet to rotate with respect to area supported around the axis that is parallel to selected stacking direction.
8. according to each described instrument of claim 1 to 6, wherein: gradient region is spirally around the eliminator magnet arrangement.
9. according to each described instrument of claim 1 to 6, wherein: the downfield band is corresponding to the recess in the external surface that is arranged on the eliminator magnet.
10. according to each described instrument of claim 1 to 6, wherein: area supported extends around magnet, and between the external surface of area supported and eliminator magnet, leave certain distance, thus, described distance in the primary importance on area supported is less than the described distance in the second place on area supported, and this primary importance is positioned at the downstream with respect to the second place in the selected direction.
11. instrument according to claim 10, wherein: area supported with the convergent formal ring around the eliminator magnet arrangement.
12. according to each described instrument of claim 1 to 6, wherein: area supported has the ridge on area supported, is used for abrasive particle second import of leading.
13. instrument according to claim 12, wherein: spraying system is connected with the bypass manifold fluid that is arranged in the keel side, and this bypass manifold is used for supplying with fluid to spraying system.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03077159 | 2003-07-09 | ||
| EP03077159.6 | 2003-07-09 | ||
| EP04101507 | 2004-04-14 | ||
| EP04101507.4 | 2004-04-14 | ||
| PCT/EP2004/051407 WO2005005766A1 (en) | 2003-07-09 | 2004-07-08 | Device for transporting particles of a magnetic material and tool comprising such a device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1833089A CN1833089A (en) | 2006-09-13 |
| CN1833089B true CN1833089B (en) | 2011-09-14 |
Family
ID=34923961
Family Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2004800195362A Expired - Fee Related CN1833089B (en) | 2003-07-09 | 2004-07-08 | Device for transporting particles of a magnetic material and tool comprising such a device |
| CN2004800196793A Expired - Fee Related CN101094964B (en) | 2003-07-09 | 2004-07-08 | Tool for excavating an object |
| CNB2004800196806A Expired - Fee Related CN100449108C (en) | 2003-07-09 | 2004-07-09 | Tool for excavating an object |
Family Applications After (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2004800196793A Expired - Fee Related CN101094964B (en) | 2003-07-09 | 2004-07-08 | Tool for excavating an object |
| CNB2004800196806A Expired - Fee Related CN100449108C (en) | 2003-07-09 | 2004-07-09 | Tool for excavating an object |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (3) | CN1833089B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BR112012015439A2 (en) * | 2009-12-23 | 2016-03-15 | Shell Int Research | object drilling method and jet drilling system |
| AU2010334864B2 (en) * | 2009-12-23 | 2015-06-11 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Determining a property of a formation material |
| CN103041916B (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2015-12-23 | 长沙矿冶研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of magnetic separator |
| CN104790452B (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2017-03-22 | 三一重机有限公司 | Particle impact crushing system applied to excavator and crushing method of particle impact crushing system |
| CN105507885B (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2019-04-02 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of permanent magnetism short joint |
| CN107304678A (en) * | 2016-04-24 | 2017-10-31 | 熵零技术逻辑工程院集团股份有限公司 | A kind of method for digging |
| CN108049814B (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2019-04-30 | 长江大学 | A kind of drilling tool injecting simultaneously circulating particle |
| CN111764850B (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2022-02-25 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Hollow ball filtering and separating device and drilling string |
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| US3489280A (en) * | 1966-02-03 | 1970-01-13 | Eriez Mfg Co | Magnetic separator having field shaping poles |
| DE2052516A1 (en) * | 1970-10-26 | 1972-04-27 | Sellnow W | |
| US3831753A (en) * | 1972-12-18 | 1974-08-27 | Gulf Research Development Co | Slotted in-line screen |
| US3952857A (en) * | 1974-03-22 | 1976-04-27 | Bunri Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Magnetic substance conveying apparatus |
| DE2832037A1 (en) * | 1978-07-21 | 1980-01-31 | Canon Kk | Ferromagnetic material conveyor esp. for photocopying machine - has alternate spiral pole strips on core rotating in non-ferrous fixed tape |
| US4993503A (en) * | 1990-03-27 | 1991-02-19 | Electric Power Research Institute | Horizontal boring apparatus and method |
| US5170891A (en) * | 1991-09-20 | 1992-12-15 | Venturedyne Limited | Self-cleaning magnetic separator |
| WO2002034653A1 (en) * | 2000-10-26 | 2002-05-02 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Device for transporting particles of magnetic material |
| US6510907B1 (en) * | 1999-04-28 | 2003-01-28 | Shell Oil Company | Abrasive jet drilling assembly |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2779571A (en) * | 1954-04-09 | 1957-01-29 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Pellet impact drill bit with controlled pellet return |
| US3375886A (en) * | 1963-09-24 | 1968-04-02 | Gulf Research Development Co | Method of treating abrasive-laden drilling liquid |
| US3416614A (en) * | 1965-12-27 | 1968-12-17 | Gulf Research Development Co | Hydraulic jet drilling method using ferrous abrasives |
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2004
- 2004-07-08 CN CN2004800195362A patent/CN1833089B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-07-08 CN CN2004800196793A patent/CN101094964B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-07-09 CN CNB2004800196806A patent/CN100449108C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3489280A (en) * | 1966-02-03 | 1970-01-13 | Eriez Mfg Co | Magnetic separator having field shaping poles |
| DE2052516A1 (en) * | 1970-10-26 | 1972-04-27 | Sellnow W | |
| US3831753A (en) * | 1972-12-18 | 1974-08-27 | Gulf Research Development Co | Slotted in-line screen |
| US3952857A (en) * | 1974-03-22 | 1976-04-27 | Bunri Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Magnetic substance conveying apparatus |
| DE2832037A1 (en) * | 1978-07-21 | 1980-01-31 | Canon Kk | Ferromagnetic material conveyor esp. for photocopying machine - has alternate spiral pole strips on core rotating in non-ferrous fixed tape |
| US4993503A (en) * | 1990-03-27 | 1991-02-19 | Electric Power Research Institute | Horizontal boring apparatus and method |
| US5170891A (en) * | 1991-09-20 | 1992-12-15 | Venturedyne Limited | Self-cleaning magnetic separator |
| US6510907B1 (en) * | 1999-04-28 | 2003-01-28 | Shell Oil Company | Abrasive jet drilling assembly |
| WO2002034653A1 (en) * | 2000-10-26 | 2002-05-02 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Device for transporting particles of magnetic material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1820119A (en) | 2006-08-16 |
| CN100449108C (en) | 2009-01-07 |
| CN1833089A (en) | 2006-09-13 |
| CN101094964A (en) | 2007-12-26 |
| CN101094964B (en) | 2011-07-06 |
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| CI02 | Correction of invention patent application |
Correction item: Priority Correct: 2004.04.14 EP 04101507.4 False: Lack of priority second Number: 37 Page: The title page Volume: 22 |
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Free format text: CORRECT: PRIORITY; FROM: MISSING THE SECOND ARTICLE OF PRIORITY TO: 2004.4.14 EP 04101507.4 |
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Granted publication date: 20110914 Termination date: 20160708 |