CN1929988A - 制造纸衬板的机器和方法 - Google Patents

制造纸衬板的机器和方法 Download PDF

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CN1929988A
CN1929988A CN200580007269.1A CN200580007269A CN1929988A CN 1929988 A CN1929988 A CN 1929988A CN 200580007269 A CN200580007269 A CN 200580007269A CN 1929988 A CN1929988 A CN 1929988A
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弗拉迪米尔·亚波里斯基
查尔斯·戴格尔
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/18—Perforating by slitting, i.e. forming cuts closed at their ends without removal of material
    • B26F1/22—Perforating by slitting, i.e. forming cuts closed at their ends without removal of material to form non-rectilinear cuts, e.g. for tabs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
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    • B31D5/00—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles ; Making three-dimensional articles
    • B31D5/0039—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles ; Making three-dimensional articles for making dunnage or cushion pads
    • B31D5/0043—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles ; Making three-dimensional articles for making dunnage or cushion pads including crumpling flat material
    • B31D5/0052—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles ; Making three-dimensional articles for making dunnage or cushion pads including crumpling flat material involving rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31D—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B31B OR B31C
    • B31D2205/00—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles
    • B31D2205/0005—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles for making dunnage or cushion pads
    • B31D2205/0011—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles for making dunnage or cushion pads including particular additional operations
    • B31D2205/0017—Providing stock material in a particular form
    • B31D2205/0023—Providing stock material in a particular form as web from a roll
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31D—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B31B OR B31C
    • B31D2205/00—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles
    • B31D2205/0005—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles for making dunnage or cushion pads
    • B31D2205/0011—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles for making dunnage or cushion pads including particular additional operations
    • B31D2205/0052—Perforating; Forming lines of weakness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31D—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B31B OR B31C
    • B31D2205/00—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles
    • B31D2205/0005—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles for making dunnage or cushion pads
    • B31D2205/0076—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles for making dunnage or cushion pads involving particular machinery details
    • B31D2205/0082—General layout of the machinery or relative arrangement of its subunits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S493/00—Manufacturing container or tube from paper; or other manufacturing from a sheet or web
    • Y10S493/967—Dunnage, wadding, stuffing, or filling excelsior

Abstract

本发明公开了一种衬板制造机和方法，其中，拉曳一卷纸跨过带有弯曲端部的形成杆(21)以卷起纸的边缘部，然后拉曳纸穿过第一狭窄部以迫使卷起的边缘部朝向彼此并且使其聚拢(图6)，并且在此之后拉曳纸穿过尺寸小于第一狭窄部的第二狭窄部以聚拢纸的中心部并且进一步聚拢边缘部。

Description

制造纸衬板的机器和方法
技术领域
本发明一般地涉及包装材料，并且更特别地涉及一种制造纸衬板的机器和方法。
背景技术
物品和用于运送物品的纸盒或容器之间的间隙通常用衬板材料来填充以为物品提供缓冲垫并且防止其在运送期间在纸箱内移动。填充材料包括松散填充的包装材料、塑料泡沫包裹材料、充气袋、可膨胀泡沫以及变皱纸。泡沫包裹材料和可膨胀泡沫难以回收并且在处理时会带来环境问题。变皱纸相对容易回收，但是用于形成变皱纸的机器对于较小生意和个人来讲在经济上可能不可行。
发明内容
一般来讲，本发明的目的在于提供一种新的和改进的用于制造纸衬板的机器和方法。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种具有上述特征的机器和方法，其可以克服在此以前提供的衬板制造设备的局限性和缺点。
根据本发明的这些和其他目的通过提供如下的衬板制造机和方法来实现，其中，跨过带有弯曲端部的形成杆拉曳一卷纸以卷起纸的边缘部，然后将纸拉曳穿过第一狭窄部以使卷起的边缘部朝向彼此被推动并且使其聚拢，并且在此之后将纸拉曳穿过尺寸小于第一狭窄部的第二狭窄部以使纸的中心部聚拢并且进一步聚拢边缘部。随后用辊来挤压聚拢的纸以使其变皱，接下来，沿锯齿形撕裂线对变皱的纸穿孔。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明用于制造纸衬板的机器的一个实施例的立体图。
图2是图1中实施例的褶皱机构(crumpling mechanism)的顶视图。
图3是图1中实施例的褶皱机构的仰视图。
图4是图1中实施例的褶皱机构的立体图。
图5是褶皱机构的立体图，拆除了某些部件以更好地示出穿孔刀。
图6是图1中实施例的局部立体图，褶皱头的壳体被拆除并且工作的机器将造纸原料转换成衬板。
图7是沿图6的线7-7截取的剖视图。
图8是类似于图5的工作图，其示出了衬板材料被刀穿孔的方式。
图9是图1中实施例的褶皱头的立体图，外壳被拆除并且传动齿轮外露。
具体实施方式
如附图所示，衬板制造机包括支架11，该支架具有由底座13保持在竖直位置的支柱12，所述底座放置在地板或其他支撑表面上。
待形成衬板的一卷纸16可转动地安装在支柱后侧的水平延伸的轮轴17上。轮轴由一对臂18、18支撑，该对臂从固定在支柱上的横梁19向后延伸。
虽然可以使用其他重量和/类型的纸，包括具有多于一层材料的造纸原料，但是纸优选地为单层材料，例如30-40磅的褐色牛皮纸。备选地，如果需要，代替一卷纸，纸也可以以其他形式供给，例如扇折在盒子中的纸。
形成杆21固定在支柱的上端并且具有向下弯曲的端部22、22，所述端部22、22分离开小于纸宽度的距离，用于在拉曳纸越过杆时沿向下的方向卷起纸的边缘部，如图6所示。
褶皱头24安装在支撑臂26上，该支撑臂从形成杆之下的支柱沿向前的方向延伸，并且狭窄部(thraot section)27安装在支柱和褶皱头之间的臂上。
狭窄部具有一对竖直延伸的侧杆28、28，所述侧杆限定了一个横向尺寸小于形成杆端部之间距离的开口29。当纸从形成杆拉曳穿过狭窄开口时，卷起的边缘部被拉曳靠拢并且聚拢或打褶，如图6和7所示。
褶皱头具有框架31，该框架包括一对侧板32、32，横梁33在侧板之间延伸。
U形导杆33安装在框架上侧，朝向褶皱头的后部。该杆具有一对侧壁34、34，所述侧壁沿大致垂直于纸的路径的方向延伸并且形成第二狭窄部，该第二狭窄部具有比第一狭窄部更小横向尺寸的开口36。当纸经由该开口被拉曳时，其中心部被聚拢或打褶，并且外部更加进一步地聚拢，如图6所示。在所示的实施例中，褶皱头向后倾斜大约45度的角度，并且导臂34、34以类似的角度向上延伸。
一对褶皱辊38、39安装在轴41、42上，所述轴41、42在U形导杆之前和之下轴颈安装在侧板中。聚拢或打褶的纸进给到这些辊之间，所述两个辊啮合纸的相对侧。所述辊具有双重功能，即越过形成杆和穿过两个狭窄开口从供给卷轴拉曳纸，并且随后将聚拢或打褶的纸压在一起以完成褶皱过程。
辊38、39的宽度比狭窄开口的宽度更窄并且仅仅啮合纸的中心部。因此，仅仅张紧了中心部，这便于围绕形成杆的弯曲端部卷起边缘部。
形成头还具有一对输出辊43、44，所述输出辊定位在褶皱辊之下并且大致与其竖直对准。输出辊的横向尺寸也相对较短，并且所述输出辊在纸从机器排出时也仅仅啮合褶皱纸的中心部。
为了便于将被褶皱的纸衬板材料撕裂成所需长度，沿横向延伸的锯齿线46对其穿孔，所述锯齿线46沿材料长度以一定间距分隔开，这在图8中能很好的看出。采用位于形成头中的刀片47进行穿孔。这些刀片以Z字形的式样布置在心轴49的表面48上，该心轴安装在褶皱辊和输出辊之间的轴51上。心轴的轴线垂直于纸的路径，并且当心轴绕其轴线转动时，刀片以一定的间隔周期性地与被褶皱的纸接触并且对其进行穿孔，所述的间隔由刀片尖头形成的圆的圆周确定。
圆柱状支撑辊52定位在与刀相反的纸的侧面上，并且安装在轴53上以围绕与心轴的轴线平行的轴线转动。支撑辊保持将纸抵在刀片上，并且支撑辊由超高分子量的聚乙烯制成，从而在刀片割穿纸时不会使支撑辊被切割。刀片的切割边缘54具有椭圆轮廓，因此，当他们与支撑辊相抵时，它们可以与支撑辊保持均匀和连续的接触，即使它们被设定成与心轴和辊的轴成一定角度时也是如此。
在所示的实施例中，心轴49具有大致正方形的横截面，并且刀片安装在心轴的其中一个平坦表面上的块56的侧面上。所述侧面设置成与表面的纵向中心线成一角度，所述侧面的交替面以相等但相反的角度设置，以形成绕中心线对称的Z字形式样。
辊和刀由马达57驱动，该马达安装在侧板之间，朝向褶皱头的后部。在所示的实施例中，马达是电驱动的，但是可以采用任何合适类型的马达。马达输出轴58上的驱动齿轮(未示出)啮合褶皱头一侧上的心轴51上的齿轮59。
辊的驱动齿轮定位在所述头的另一侧。它们包括心轴上的输入齿轮61，该输入齿轮经由惰轮64、66驱动褶皱辊38和输出辊43的轴上的齿轮62、63。在该特定实施例中，仅驱动各对后辊，并且也不驱动支撑辊52。当然，经由它们进给的纸使未被驱动的各辊转动。
以下是机器的操作和使用，以及本发明的方法。纸从卷纸16上手工拉曳越过形成杆21并且穿过狭窄开口29、36进给到褶皱辊38、39，褶皱辊38、39随后啮合纸并且使其进给穿过机器。
当纸被拉曳越过形成杆21时，纸的边缘部向下滚动，这在图6中可以很好地看出。当纸被拉曳通过第一狭窄开口29时，卷起的边缘部被拉曳得靠紧在一起并且聚拢或打褶，如图6和7所示。当纸通过第二狭窄开口36时，外部甚至进一步地聚拢，并且中心部也聚拢或打褶，如图6所示。当纸通过褶皱辊之间时，打褶或聚拢的部分被压在一起以完成褶皱过程。由于辊仅仅啮合纸的中心部，所以只有中心部张紧，这使得边缘部在越过形成杆的端部向下的滚动变得更加容易。
褶皱纸进给到刀片47和支撑辊之间，穿孔46的锯齿线在此处形成。在纸进给经过刀并且从机器沿向下和向前的方向排出时，输出辊43、44保持纸被张紧。
从上述可以显而易见的是，提出了一种新的和改进的制造衬板的机器和方法。虽然只对某些现有的优选实施例进行了详细地说明，但是对于本领域技术人员显而易见的是，在不脱离由以下权利要求书所限定的本发明范围的情况下，可以对本发明进行某些变化和修改。

Claims (19)

1、一种衬板制造机，包括：直立的支撑支柱；用于在所述支柱的一侧将一卷纸可转动地支撑在水平位置的装置；在所述支柱的上端部处带有一对向下弯曲端部的形成杆，所述向下弯曲端部分隔开一个小于纸宽度的距离，以在纸被拉曳得跨过所述杆时卷起纸的边缘部；从与纸相对的所述支柱的侧面延伸的臂；安装在所述臂上的褶皱头；狭窄部，该狭窄部安装在所述支柱和所述褶皱头之间的臂上，用于从所述形成杆接受纸并且将纸的边缘部朝向彼此推动并且使它们聚拢；位于所述头内的辊，用于挤压聚拢的纸以使其变皱；以及位于所述头内的刀，用于沿锯齿状撕裂线对变皱的纸穿孔。
2、如权利要求1所述的衬板制造机，包括第二狭窄部，该第二狭窄部定位在第一命名的狭窄部和所述褶皱辊之间，以使纸的中心部聚拢并且进一步聚拢边缘部。
3、如权利要求1所述的衬板制造机，其中，所述刀包括多个以Z字形式样安装在绕轴线转动的心轴上的刀片，所述刀片与支撑辊的表面周期性地啮合。
4、如权利要求3所述的衬板制造机，其中所述刀片具有带椭圆形轮廓的切割边缘。
5、如权利要求3所述的衬板制造机，其中所述支撑辊由超高分子量的聚乙烯制成。
6、一种用来将纸褶皱以制造衬板的机器，包括：形成杆，该形成杆具有一对弯曲端部，所述弯曲端部分隔开小于纸宽度的距离，这样当纸被拉曳得跨过所述形成杆时纸的边缘部趋于朝向彼此卷起；具有开口的第一狭窄部，所述开口的尺寸基本上小于所述形成杆端部之间的间距，以进一步将所述边缘部朝向彼此卷起并且使其聚拢以变皱；具有开口的第二狭窄部，该开口的尺寸小于所述第一狭窄开口，以聚拢纸的中心部并且进一步聚拢边缘部；以及一对与纸的相对侧啮合的辊，用于将纸拉曳得越过所述形成杆并且穿过所述狭窄开口，然后将聚拢部压在一起。
7、一种如权利要求6所述的机器，其中，所述辊具有小于所述狭窄开口的宽度，并且在纸被拉曳得跨过所述形成杆并穿过所述开口时，仅使纸的中心部张紧。
8、如权利要求6所述的机器，包括用于沿锯齿形线将变皱的纸穿孔的刀。
9、一种用于制造纸衬板的机器，包括：沿路径进给纸的装置；用于在纸沿所述路径进给时将纸的边缘部拉曳在一起并且使纸聚拢的装置；与聚拢的纸啮合的褶皱辊；以及用于沿纵向分隔开、横向延伸的锯齿形线对纸穿孔的刀。
10、如权利要求9所述的机器，其中，所述刀包括：柱状心轴，该心轴定位成使其轴线大致垂直于纸的路径，并且该心轴具有至少一个与所述轴线相切的平坦侧面；以及多个刀片，所述刀片沿平行于所述轴线的线以Z字形式样安装在所述平坦表面上，以在所述心轴绕其轴线转动时周期形啮合纸。
11、如权利要求10所述的机器，还包括绕与刀心轴的轴线平行的轴线可转动的支撑辊，所述刀心轴具有支撑与刀片啮合的纸的表面。
12、如权利要求10所述的机器，其中支撑辊由超高分子量的聚乙烯制成。
13、如权利要求10所述的机器，其中所述刀片具有带椭圆形轮廓的切割边缘。
14、一种制造纸衬板的方法，包括如下步骤：拉曳一卷纸跨过带有弯曲端部的形成杆以卷起纸的边缘部；拉曳纸穿过狭窄部以迫使卷起的边缘部朝向彼此并且使其聚拢；用辊挤压聚拢的纸以使其变皱，并且沿锯齿形撕裂线对变皱的纸穿孔。
15、如权利要求14所述的方法，其中，通过用横向尺寸小于所述狭窄部的辊啮合纸的中心部从而拉曳纸越过形成杆并且穿过所述狭窄部，这样只有纸的中心部被辊张紧。
16、如权利要求15所述的方法，其中，通过褶皱辊将纸拉曳得越过所述形成杆并且穿过所述狭窄部。
17、如权利要求14所述的方法，其中，通过与以Z字形式样安装在转动心轴表面上的刀片啮合而沿锯齿形线为纸穿孔。
18、一种制造纸衬板的方法，包括如下步骤：拉曳一卷纸跨过带有弯曲端部的形成杆以卷起纸的边缘；拉曳纸穿过第一狭窄部以迫使卷起的边缘部朝向彼此并且使其聚拢；拉曳纸穿过尺寸小于第一狭窄部的第二狭窄部以聚拢纸的中心部并且进一步聚拢边缘部，并且用辊挤压聚拢的纸以使其变皱。
19、如权利要求18所述的方法，包括额外的步骤：沿锯齿形撕裂线对变皱的纸穿孔。
CN200580007269.1A 2004-03-26 2005-02-04 制造纸衬板的机器和方法 Pending CN1929988A (zh)

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CN104010782B (zh) * 2011-09-20 2017-02-22 普里吉斯创新包装公司 撕裂辅助设备

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JP2007530317A (ja) 2007-11-01
US20050215408A1 (en) 2005-09-29
US6910997B1 (en) 2005-06-28
US7651455B2 (en) 2010-01-26
MXPA06010832A (es) 2007-03-23
EP1732751A1 (en) 2006-12-20
WO2005102677A1 (en) 2005-11-03
EP1732751A4 (en) 2008-03-19

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