CN1934902B - 具有用于接收和发射电磁信号的天线的助听器 - Google Patents

具有用于接收和发射电磁信号的天线的助听器 Download PDF

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CN1934902B
CN1934902B CN2005800053883A CN200580005388A CN1934902B CN 1934902 B CN1934902 B CN 1934902B CN 2005800053883 A CN2005800053883 A CN 2005800053883A CN 200580005388 A CN200580005388 A CN 200580005388A CN 1934902 B CN1934902 B CN 1934902B
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科勒·T·克里斯滕松
奥韦·克努森
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
    • H04R25/60—Mounting or interconnection of hearing aid parts, e.g. inside tips, housings or to ossicles
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    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/26—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole with folded element or elements, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of operating wavelength
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    • H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
    • H04R25/55—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception using an external connection, either wireless or wired
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    • H04R25/60—Mounting or interconnection of hearing aid parts, e.g. inside tips, housings or to ossicles
    • H04R25/602—Mounting or interconnection of hearing aid parts, e.g. inside tips, housings or to ossicles of batteries
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    • H04R2225/00—Details of deaf aids covered by H04R25/00, not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2225/025—In the ear hearing aids [ITE] hearing aids
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    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
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    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2225/00—Details of deaf aids covered by H04R25/00, not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2225/33—Aspects relating to adaptation of the battery voltage, e.g. its regulation, increase or decrease
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04R2225/00—Details of deaf aids covered by H04R25/00, not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2225/49—Reducing the effects of electromagnetic noise on the functioning of hearing aids, by, e.g. shielding, signal processing adaptation, selective (de)activation of electronic parts in hearing aid
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    • H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
    • H04R25/60—Mounting or interconnection of hearing aid parts, e.g. inside tips, housings or to ossicles
    • H04R25/609—Mounting or interconnection of hearing aid parts, e.g. inside tips, housings or to ossicles of circuitry

Abstract

本发明涉及适于放置在用户的耳朵中的通信装置。该通信装置包括：封装用于接收输入信号的输入变送器、信号处理装置和用于提供可察觉为声音的信号的输出变送器的外壳部分，位于外壳的表面部分且朝向远离用户头部方向的电池，用于发射和/或接收电磁能量的发射和接收电路。根据本发明提供了用于辐射和/或接收电磁能量的天线，天线具有转向外界的第一表面和接近电池放置的第二表面。

Description

具有用于接收和发射电磁信号的天线的助听器
技术领域
本发明涉及助听器或其他听音设备，其中提供无线接收和发射装置。尤其是在ITE(耳内式)和CIC(深耳道式)助听器中，容纳用于无线发射的天线是一个难题。
背景技术
在佩戴于耳内的小型助听器中，天线与接收器或扬声器之间的距离很小，因此天线极有可能拾取不必要的电磁辐射。在助听器内部，麦克风及接收器与信号处理装置及电池一起放置。接收器向用户传递可察觉的信号作为声音，但是同时接收器将辐射电磁能量，该能量很有可能被天线收集并引发反馈问题或噪声。上述类型的助听器通常是定制的且外壳内电子装置(接收器和信号处理装置)的位置随着助听器的不同而不同。由于天线的功效依赖附近电子元件的位置，无法提前得知附近元件的准确位置是一个难题，因为这将导致不同助听器中天线的性能有所不同。
目前频率在约1MHz以上的无线通信还没有在耳内式(ITE)助听器中实现。将来这种情况极有可能发生改变，那时将需要高效率的天线(相比于可用体积)从而达到可接受的性能(范围，电流消耗等)。在该领域已经公开一专利申请，其覆盖了利用拉出线作为天线的其它专利。美国专利5721783公开了助听器或音频通信系统包括能够隐藏在耳道中的耳机，耳机能够与远程处理器单元无线通信，远程处理单元增强音频信号并能隐藏在衣服下面。已公开的助听器具有设置为与助听器的拉出线协同工作的天线。
在现有技术文献EP1326302中，公开了助听器设备中的集成电路分形天线。分形天线可以结合在助听器设备中以优化设备的无线通信能力。
EP1013143公开了包括用于无线接收信号的检测器的助听器和包括所述助听器的系统。已公开的助听器包括电子电路和电池隔间。面板包括相对于电池隔间能够移动的盖形元件。检测器固定到盖形元件，从而检测器适于无线接收信号并将该信号转换为电信号。该助听器具有至少在盖形元件的闭合位置将检测器连到电子电路的电连接装置。已公开的检测器用于接收在红外光范围的信号。众所周知红外信号的穿透深度很小，工作在红外光范围的接收器必须放置在外表面部分。
根据本发明的天线将工作在射频范围内，射频信号的穿透深度很大，并且不容易提前确定天线的有利位置。此外靠近电子元件的射频天线的灵敏度是之前一直没有解决的难题。
发明内容
本发明的目标之一是在ITE或CIC式助听器中或其他听音设备中提供用于无线发射和接收电磁信号的天线，其中天线不会受到接收器位置变化或听音设备的其他电子元件的影响。还希望实现定制助听器的改进的和统一的辐射和接收特性。
如权利要求1所述的通信装置实现了上述目标。因此该装置适于放置在用户的耳朵中，其包括：封装用于接收输入信号的输入变送器、信号处理装置和用于提供可察觉为声音的信号的输出变送器的外壳部分；位于外壳的表面部分的电池，其朝向远离用户头部的方向；用于发射和接收电磁能量的发射和接收电路；其中提供了用于辐射和/或接收电磁能量的天线，其具有转向外界的第一表面和接近电池放置的第二表面。
通过在电池的表面上放置天线，电池可以用作接地，这是一项优点。而且，在天线和助听器内其他元件之间的电池位置将有助于确保在完成定制助听器期间当外壳内的接收器或其他元件固定在给定位置时天线不会变得失谐。此外电池在天线和助听器电路的其他部分之间提供电磁屏蔽。
根据本发明，天线调谐为在50MHz到50GHz的频率范围辐射和/或接收电磁能量。在该范围内大多数国家允许不同频带的无线通信无需任何许可。这样的频带例如ISM频带。这也意味着这些频带中极可能有噪声，这是天线应当高效的另一原因。天线可用于数字或模拟编码的信号。
优选地，天线成形为柔性印刷电路的一部分。该结构具有优点，因为其能够利用柔性印刷电路的柔韧性提供跨可能移动的部分的连接，如从电池盖到助听器的其余部分。
在本发明的实施例中，天线内嵌在电池外部的材料中。将天线嵌入材料中有助于保护天线，同时使天线占用的空间最小。嵌入可以通过包覆成型柔性印制天线或固体金属部分完成，还可以通过在天线的聚合体部分上提供表面金属化迹线，然后以某种其他的方式包覆成型或覆盖表面迹线实现。
在另一实施例中，天线覆盖的外壳表面区域比面板表面上的电池凸起部分宽。在大多数ITE助听器中，电池盖的大小与电池相同。这一点严重限制了天线，通过允许天线向侧面扩展而超过电池和电池盒的大小可以克服这一问题。但是不能允许天线超过助听器的整体尺寸。
在实施例中，天线包括还可用作电池充电回路的回路。在现代助听器中，充电电池变得更加常见，为了给电池充电，电池会置于强烈变化的磁场中，这将在助听器中的电回路和线圈内产生电流。已经发现天线能够用作这类充电装置的副边上的感应回路。
附图说明
图1是具有根据本发明的天线的ITE助听器的侧视原理图。
图2是根据本发明的天线的原理图。
图3是根据本发明的天线的原理图。
图4是根据本发明的天线的原理图。
图5是天线原理图的侧视剖面图。
图6是天线原理图的侧视剖面图。
具体实施方式
在开始值得注意的是本发明涉及小型天线，这意味着波长比天线的物理尺寸大很多，因此天线的带宽窄(高品质因数)、效率低(与损耗阻抗相比辐射阻抗小)。如果大电流占主导地位，该结构将主要辐射磁场，反之亦然：如果出现高电压，必须考虑占主导地位的电场。
图1表示了具有根据本发明的天线的CIC助听器的原理剖面图。该助听器包括放置在耳道深处的定制外壳部分2。外壳部分除了定制还可以是柔韧的或具有柔韧的外部以允许其插入耳内。外壳部分2封装接收器5、信号处理单元4和麦克风3。接收器5设置有接近耳鼓6的输出孔(未示出)以向用户传递有用的音频信号。前板部分12设置为面向外界环境。在这一部分放置了带有电池8的电池盒7，而且提取器9也包含在前板中。其他元件可以放置在外壳中或与前板部分12相连，如麦克风或与其他设备如电话有线连接的连接器。助听器还包括发射和接收电路以向天线供给或从天线接收电磁能。该电路连接到天线和信号处理部分4。发射和/或接收电路在图中未示出，其可配置为独立的电路部分或配置为信号处理部分4的一部分。
图1示意性地表示了天线10。天线10放置在电池和前板外表面之间的区域。优选地，天线10与电池盒7相连。
图2显示了环形天线13。天线阻抗的电感部分与外部电容(未示出)产生谐振。回路电流产生的磁场是辐射成分并且是附近场中的主导，尤其是如果场由平衡信号激励产生时。如果运行在非平衡模式，天线还将辐射电场。该天线对来自附近目标的失谐不敏感。回路有两个连接点16和11，并可以相对于电池8圆周的切向放置。
图3表示了环形+螺旋形天线的原理图。该天线结构是非平衡的，能够自己或与外部电容结合谐振。天线阻抗通过抽头是可调的。磁场和电场都是从该结构辐射，并且由于螺旋线的高端阻抗，与环形天线相比必须考虑对附近元件导致的失谐的高灵敏度。两个连接点14和15如图所示。绕两圈的回路和绕两圈的螺旋部分如图所示，但也可以使用更多或更少的圈数。
图4公开了板式天线17。因为与波长相比平板式天线17的尺寸小，板式天线可以看作电容，这将要求电感与之谐振。小回路和平板之间的对偶性是显而易见的。平板将从边缘辐射电场，但是调谐电感将不可避免地在辐射图中加入磁场分布。如果平板附近有地平面，则天线只会对附近目标引起的失谐产生适中的敏感。
图5原理性地表示了本发明实施例的放大侧视剖面图。天线10可以是回路或平板天线，如图所示实施例天线嵌在电池盖2的材料中。以这种方式天线将非常接近电池8，因此电池可以用作地平面，同时屏蔽天线10从而不接收来自助听器中的扬声器或其他电子元件的可能的电磁噪声辐射。
图6原理性地表示了本发明的另一实施例的剖视图。其中天线10延伸，比电池盖7上电池8的突起部分更宽。该实施例没有削弱电池10的屏蔽作用和电池作为地平面的有效性，同时实现了天线覆盖面积更大，因此天线变得更加高效。

Claims (7)

1.适于放置在用户的耳朵中的通信装置，包括：封装用于接收输入信号的输入变送器、信号处理装置和用于提供可察觉为声音的信号的输出变送器的外壳部分，位于包括前板的外壳的表面部分、朝向远离用户头部方向的电池，用于发射和/或接收电磁能量的发射和接收电路，其中提供了用于辐射和/或接收电磁能量的板式或环形或螺旋形天线，及其中所述天线位于所述电池和所述前板外表面之间的区域，使得所述天线具有转向外界的第一表面和接近电池放置的第二表面，其中所述天线调谐为辐射和/或接收频率范围在50MHz到50GHz的电磁能量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的通信装置，其中所述天线成形为柔性印刷电路的一部分。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的通信装置，其中所述天线内嵌在电池外部的材料中。
4.根据权利要求3所述的通信装置，其中所述天线是金属件。
5.根据权利要求1所述的通信装置，其中通过在面板和/或电池盒的表面上沉积金属材料而制造所述天线。
6.根据权利要求1所述的通信装置，其中所述天线覆盖的外壳表面区域比面板表面上的电池突起部分宽。
7.根据权利要求1所述的通信装置，其中所述天线包括还用作电池的充电回路的回路。
CN2005800053883A 2004-02-19 2005-02-16 具有用于接收和发射电磁信号的天线的助听器 Active CN1934902B (zh)

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CN1934902A (zh) 2007-03-21
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US20080056520A1 (en) 2008-03-06
US9602933B2 (en) 2017-03-21
US20150163603A1 (en) 2015-06-11
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US7742614B2 (en) 2010-06-22
US8675902B2 (en) 2014-03-18
EP1719384B1 (en) 2011-05-04
ATE508590T1 (de) 2011-05-15
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US8995699B2 (en) 2015-03-31
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