CN1946336A - 使用水对近红外线的吸收的脉冲血氧计运动伪影消除 - Google Patents

使用水对近红外线的吸收的脉冲血氧计运动伪影消除 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1946336A
CN1946336A CNA2005800129844A CN200580012984A CN1946336A CN 1946336 A CN1946336 A CN 1946336A CN A2005800129844 A CNA2005800129844 A CN A2005800129844A CN 200580012984 A CN200580012984 A CN 200580012984A CN 1946336 A CN1946336 A CN 1946336A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
signal
wavelength
electromagnetic energy
motion
incident
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CNA2005800129844A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
马丁·德布赖采尼
克拉克·R·小贝克
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nellcor Puritan Bennett LLC
Original Assignee
Nellcor Puritan Bennett LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nellcor Puritan Bennett LLC filed Critical Nellcor Puritan Bennett LLC
Publication of CN1946336A publication Critical patent/CN1946336A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/024Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/72Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/7203Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes for noise prevention, reduction or removal
    • A61B5/7207Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes for noise prevention, reduction or removal of noise induced by motion artifacts
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/1455Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
    • A61B5/14551Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/024Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
    • A61B5/02416Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infrared radiation

Abstract

本发明提供一种用于测量生理参数的方法及设备,其获得一从以一第一波长透射过一组织部分的能量导出的第一信号,所述信号包括一对应于与运动相关的事件的信号部分及一对应于动脉脉动事件的信号部分,在所述第一波长下,水为所述组织部分中电磁能量的一主要吸收剂;获得一从以一第二波长透射过一组织部分的电磁能量导出的第二信号,所述信号包括一对应于与运动相关的事件的信号部分及一对应于动脉脉动事件的信号部分,在所述第二波长下,血红蛋白为所述组织部分中电磁能量的一主要吸收剂;并将所述第一与第二信号相组合以产生一组合的体积描记图信号,所述组合信号具有一对应于与运动相关的事件的信号部分,所述信号部分小于存在于所述第一信号或第二信号中的信号部分。

Description

使用水对近红外线的吸收的脉冲血氧计运动伪影消除
技术领域
本发明涉及使用近红外光谱技术处理自例如脉动式血氧计等医疗诊断器械获得的信号以消除代表一所关心生理参数的信号中的伪影或噪声影响。
背景技术
典型的脉动式血氧计测量两个生理参数:动脉血红蛋白的氧饱和度百分比(SpO2或饱和)及脉搏率。可使用各种技术来估测氧饱和度。在一常用技术中,调节并处理由光电检测器产生的光电流以确定红色信号对红外信号的调制比之比(比率之比)。人们已发现此调制比与动脉血氧饱和度密切相关。脉动式血氧计及传感器是通过针对一组病人、健康的志愿者、或动物在一系列在体内测量的动脉血氧饱和度(SaO2)内测量调制比来凭经验校准。以逆向方式根据所测量的病人的调制比的值,使用所观察到的关联性来估测血氧饱和度(SpO2)。大多数脉动式血氧计提取具有最初所确定饱和度或脉搏率的体积描记图信号,而最初所确定的饱和度及脉搏率二者均易受干扰。
通常,脉动式血氧计利用如下事实:在活的人体组织内,血红蛋白为介于500与1100nm之间的光的强吸收剂。使用在此波长范围内由血红蛋白吸收的光量可很容易地测量出流过组织的动脉血液的脉动。一随时间变化的动脉脉动波形的曲线图称作光体积描记图。体积描记波形的幅值随用于测量其的光的波长而变化,而所述光的波长取决于脉动地流过动脉的血液的吸收特性。通过将其中氧血红蛋白及脱氧血红蛋白具有不同吸收系数的两个不同波长区域中的体积描记测量相结合,便可估测动脉血液的氧饱和度。市售脉动式血氧计中所采用的典型波长为660及890nm。
已知快速运动或向一组织部位施加压力可具有改变在所述部位处或附近所测量到的光学特性的作用。与此类事件相关联的光信号变化幅度—称作运动伪影—可很容易大于因动脉脉动所引起的光信号变化幅度。在实际中,此可导致脉冲式血氧计所估测的百分比氧饱和度不精确。已知用于解决并消除所不希望的信号影响的各种技术,包括运动伪影技术。本文中所说的噪声是指不希望有的或不直接与和动脉脉动相关光学特性变化相关的信号部分,且其可包括运动伪影。噪声及运动伪影可使通过组织的光信号而劣化。一种噪声源为到达光电检测器的环境光。另一噪声源为来自其它电子仪器的电磁耦合。病人的运动也会引入噪声并影响信号。例如,检测器与皮肤或发射体与皮肤之间的接触可在运动使这两者中的任何一者移离皮肤时暂时中断。另外,由于血液为流体,因此其对惯性效应的反应与周围组织不同,从而引起血氧计探头固定位置附近的点处的体积发生瞬间变化。
运动伪影可使保健提供者所依赖的脉冲血氧计信号劣化却不为所述提供者所知。如果对病人的监控是在远程进行,运动太小以至于未能观测到,或保健提供者正在观察仪器或病人的其它部位而不是传感器部位,则会尤其如此。存在各种用于解决噪声及/或运动伪影的影响的已知技术。
例如,第4,714,341号美国专利揭示一种用于将三个波长相结合来检测是否存在运动的方法。每次使用两个波长来分别计算氧饱和度百分比。当使用不同波长组合所计算出的氧饱和度值的一致性较差时,便假定是因运动伪影所致,并放弃此值。此方法的一缺点在于:各饱和值之间的一致或不一致既可能是因运动伪影所致也可能不是因运动伪影所致。另外,此方法不能识别或消除运动伪影的影响,而是放弃看似可疑的值。
另一种方法涉及对脉动式血氧计信号进行滤波。然而,滤波方法需要作出关于所述伪影的特性的假定,而这些假定并非总是成立。另外,此方法不能测量由运动引起的信号。
第5,482,036号美国专利提供另一种方法,并阐述一种用于减少伪影的信号处理方法,所述信号处理方法在与伪影有关的信号与处于比动脉血液低的氧饱和度下的血液相关联时起作用。此种方法依赖于产生一人工噪声信号,将所述人工噪声信号与生理参数相结合来减小未知噪声信号的影响。此种用于减小伪影的影响而不单独测量运动信号的方法是建立在关于运动对体积描记信号的影响的假定之上。而假定既可能成立也可能不成立,而且许多假定是无效的。
每一种用于补偿运动伪影的已知技术均具有其自身的局限性及缺点。因此,需要设计一种在运动阶段期间更有效及更精确地报告血氧水平的脉动式血氧计系统。虽然许多人已通过作出可能无效的假定或通过舍弃所需信号值的可疑估测值来尝试着隔离所不希望有的信号部分的影响,但仍然需要对伪影信号进行定性识别、测定及测量,以在存在所不希望有的信号部分时能够对所需信号值进行精确测量。
发明内容
通过测量伪影信号,本发明使运动伪影能够与体积描记信号分离而无需使用现有已知技术中的限定性假定。本发明提供用于测量与组织的光学特性变化相关联的运动信号并使用所述测量值来补偿在其它波长下所作的体积描记测量的方法。
在一实施例中,本发明提供一种用以测量一生理参数的方法,所述方法包括:获得一从以一第一波长透射过一组织部分的电磁能量导出的第一信号,所述第一信号包括一对应于与运动相关的事件的信号部分及一对应于动脉脉动事件的信号部分,其中在所述第一波长下,水为所述组织部分中电磁能量的一主要吸收剂;获得一从以一第二波长透射过一组织部分的电磁能量导出的第二信号,所述第二信号包括一对应于与运动相关的事件的信号部分及一对应于动脉脉动事件的信号部分,其中在所述第二波长下,血红蛋白为所述组织部分中电磁能量的一主要吸收剂;并将所述第一信号与所述第二信号相组合以产生一组合的体积描记信号,以便所述组合信号具有一对应于与运动相关的事件的信号部分,所述信号部分小于存在于所述第一信号或所述第二信号中的信号部分。
在所述第一波长下,在所述组织部分中,水为一强于血红蛋白的电磁能量吸收剂,而在所述第二波长下,在所述组织部分中,血红蛋白为一强于水的电磁能量吸收剂。
为了更详尽地了解本发明各实施例的性质及优点,应结合附图阅读下文详细说明。
附图说明
图1为一实例性血氧计的一方块图。
图2为在人耳上测到的体积描记图幅值随波长而变化的一曲线图。
图3为人血液中主要成分的吸收光谱的一曲线图。
图4为一换算至典型生理浓度的人皮肤中主要成分的吸收光谱曲线图。
图5为一换算至相等体积分数浓度的人皮肤中主要成分的吸收光谱曲线图。
图6为一在4个分别为约920、1050、1180及1300nm的不同波长下在人耳上测到的体积描记图的曲线图。
图7为一通过将在2个近红外波长下所进行的测量相结合来减少实例性体积描记图伪影的一曲线图。
具体实施方式
通过测量伪影信号,本发明使运动伪影能够与体积描记信号分离而无需使用现有已知技术中的限定性假定。本发明提供用于测量与组织的光学特性变化相关联的运动信号并使用所述测量来补偿在其它波长下所测到的体积描记测量的方法。
图1为一可经配置以实施本发明各实施例的实例性脉动式血氧计的一方块图。本发明各实施例可为一由下文所述的微处理器122执行的数据处理算法。来自光源110的光进入病人组织112中,并由光电检测器114散射及检测到。一包含所述光源及光电检测器的传感器100也可包含一编码器116,编码器116提供指示光源110的波长的信号以使血氧计能够选择适用于计算氧饱和度的校准系数。编码器116可(例如)为一电阻器。
传感器100连接至一脉动式血氧计120。所述血氧计包括一连接至一内部总线124的微处理器122。一RAM存储器126及一显示器128也连接至所述总线。一时间处理单元(TPU)130向光驱动电路132提供定时控制信号,光驱动电路132控制何时点亮光源110,且如果使用多个光源,则控制不同光源的多路复用定时。TPU 130还通过一放大器133及一开关电路134来控制来自光电检测器114的信号的选通输入。如果使用多个光源,则根据点亮多个光源中的那一个光源,在适当时间对这些信号进行采样。所接收的信号经过一放大器136、一低通滤波器138及一模拟-数字转换器140。然后,将所述数字数据存储于一队列串行模块(QSM)142中,供以后在QSM 142装满时下载至RAM 126。在一实施例中,可具有多个由单独的放大器、滤波器及A/D转换器构成的并行路径来用于所接收的多个光波长或光谱。
根据由对应于光电检测器114所接收的光的接收信号值,微处理器122将使用各种算法来计算氧饱和度。这些算法需要使用对应于(例如)所使用的光的波长的系数,所述系数可凭经验来确定。这些系数存储于一ROM 146中。在一双波长系统中,为任一对波长光谱所选择的特定的一组系数取决于由编码器116所指示的对应于一特定传感器100中一特定光源的值。在一实施例中,可指配多个电阻值来选择不同组系数。在另一实施例中,使用相同的电阻器从各系数中选择适用于一与近红外光源或远红外光源配对的红外光源的系数。可通过一来自控制输入154的控制输入来选择将选择近红外组还是将选择远红外组。控制输入154可为(例如)脉动式血氧计上的开关、一键盘或一自一远程主计算机提供指令的端口。而且,可使用任一数量的方法或算法来确定病人的脉搏率、氧饱和度或任何其它所需的生理参数。例如,使用调制比进行的氧饱和度估测阐述于1998年12月29日颁予且名称为“用于使用基于模型的自适应性滤波来估测生理参数的方法及器械(METHOD AND APPARATUS FORESTIMATING PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS USING MODEL-BASED ADAPTIVEFILTERING)”的第5,853,364号美国专利及1990年3月27日颁予且名称为“用于检测光脉冲的方法及器械(METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETECTING OPTICAL PULSES)”的第4,911,167号美国专利中。此外,氧饱和度与调制比之间的关系进一步阐述于1997年7月8日颁予且名称为“具有调制编码方案的医用传感器(MEDICAL SENSOR WITH MODULATEDENCODING SCHEME)”的第5,645,059号美国专利中。
上文已阐述一种实例性脉动式血氧计,下文将阐述根据本发明各实施例用于减少包括所接收信号中的运动伪影影响在内的噪声的各种方法。
图2为通过36名受试者的耳垂所测量到并根据在约900nm波长下的测量值来归一化的平均体积描记幅值随波长变化的曲线图。测量值(例如图2中所示)表明光电体积描记波形的幅值在约900与1300nm之间随波长减小,在约1285nm处具有最小值。本发明的发明者已发现,在处于约900-920nm之外的波长下,水-其浓度远高于血红蛋白-也变成组织中的一主要的光吸收剂。图3为血液中所存在的某些光吸收成分的吸收率(以cm-1为单位)与波长(以nm为单位)的关系曲线图。图3显示,在约1400nm下,水的吸收率高于氧血红蛋白约60%,然而在1400nm下的体积描记幅值(图2)低于约900nm下的体积描记幅值35%。
图4为一换算至典型生理浓度的人皮肤中主要成分的吸收光谱(cm-1)随波长(nm)而变化的曲线图。此图式显示因水而引起的吸收率在约1180nm处具有一峰值,且蛋白质在略高于1150nm处、脂肪在约1200nm处存在类似峰值。
图5为一换算至相等体积分数浓度的人皮肤中主要成分的吸收光谱的曲线图。此图式显示,在约1185nm处,水、脂肪及蛋白质的经体积分数换算的吸收率大致相等。
虽然并不限于任一特定理论,然而本发明的发明者注意到,水(在低于约900及低于约1300nm的波长下)的体积描记影响弱于血红蛋白的一原因在于如下事实:血红蛋白基本上仅局限于血管中,而水则以高的浓度同时存在于血管及周围组织中。因此,通过一组织床的动脉血管的因脉动而引起的扩张会导致血红蛋白浓度局部增加,但水的浓度的净变化却较小。在血液中水的浓度等于组织中水的浓度情况下,水所吸收的光量的变化预计接近于零。
本发明的各实施例利用如下发现:与其中血红蛋白为强吸收剂而水为弱吸收剂的光谱范围相比,在其中血红蛋白的吸收性较弱而水的吸收性较强的光谱范围内,体积描记图对与运动相关的事件更加敏感。
利用体积描记图在水吸收性较强的范围内的弱幅值来使与动脉脉动相关的信号与一运动伪影信号分离。通过在一其中水为主要吸收剂的波长下测量光学体积描记图,可测量与运动或压力相关的组织光学特性的变化,而几乎不存在来自下面的动脉脉动的干扰。图6中以吸收率单位与成比例的时间(即每一点的时间为43毫秒)的关系形式来显示在四个近红外波长下通过一经历偶然运动的人耳测到的体积描记图。在约920nm处-其中血红蛋白的吸收性强而水的吸收性弱,体积描记图包含规则的动脉脉动,这些规则的动脉脉动偶尔地由与运动相关的事件中断。随着波长增加至约1300nm-其中水为主要吸收剂,动脉脉动减少且测到的信号因与运动相关的事件而变大。
通过将在一其中水为主要吸收剂的光谱范围内所测到的体积描记图与在血液为一主要吸收剂的光谱范围内测到的体积描记图相结合,可有选择地消除与运动相关的信号。图7显示在约920nm下测到的人耳的体积描记图及从在920nm下测到的体积描记图中减去在约1180nm下测到的体积描记图的一部分的结果。具体而言,图7显示在920nm下测到的人耳的体积描记图、及从在约920nm下测到的体积描记图中减去在约1180nm下测到的体积描记图的约60%而得到的结果。选择60%这一值是因为在此波长下,水的吸收率高于氧血红蛋白的吸收率约60%。对于不同的波长组合而言,根据水的吸收率与氧血红蛋白的吸收率之比或根据经验确定值来使用其它乘数。
通过对在医院环境中测量的36位病人的一多样性集合应用相同的分析,发现在910nm处体积描记图的信噪比平均增加到2倍。通过允许改变1180nm体积描记图的乘数,能实现更高的信噪比提高量。
理论模型
下文的推导证明一种如下机理:通过所述机理,使在一波长下测量的体积描记图上因运动引起的光散射的变化的影响可由一第二波长下的体积描记图测量来补偿。此推导是作为可加以补偿的因运动引起的光学变化类型的一实例,而并非是本发明可赖以起作用的唯一机理,且因此其并非旨在限制本发明的各实施例。
此分析的起点是组织中光传输的漫射理论(例如参见“Diffusion Theory of LightTransport”,Willem M.Star,Optical-Thermal Response of Laser-Irradiated Tissue,由Ashley J.Welch及Martin J.C.van Gemert编辑,Plenum Press,New York,1995,第131-206中)。在其中经传输校正的散射系数μs’远大于吸收系数μa’的情况下,由一定位于离光源一距离I处的检测器在波长λ处测量的光漫射强度I(λ)可描述如下(例如参见“Measurement ofBlood Hematocrit by Dual-Wavelength Near-IR Photoplethysmography”,Schmitt,J.M.;Guan-Xiong,G.;Miller,J.,SPIE,第1641卷,1992年,第150-161页):
I ( λ ) ∝ exp ( - l 3 μ a μ s ′ ( λ ) ) (方程式1)
对于吸收系数的较小变化,例如由动脉脉动而引起的变化,所引起的强度变化可由强度相对于吸收系数的导数来描述:
dI ( λ ) / d μ a ( λ ) I ( λ ) = AC ( λ ) DC ( λ ) = - l 3 μ s ′ ( λ ) 4 μ a ( λ ) Δ V art μ a art ( λ ) (方程式2)
其中ΔVart为因动脉脉动而引起的分数体积变化,μa art为受测量的动脉血液的吸收系数,AC(λ)是指光信号中随时间变化的部分且DC(λ)是指光信号中的平均部分或不随时间变化的部分。
如果在两个选择成使氧血红蛋白与脱氧血红蛋白容易区分的波长λ1及λ2(例如λ1~约为660nm,λ2~约为910nm)下测量方程2所描述的AC-DC比,即会估测出动脉氧饱和度SPO2
R = AC ( λ 1 ) / DC ( λ 1 ) AC ( λ 2 ) / DC ( λ 2 ) = Ω 12 μ a art ( λ 1 ) μ a art ( λ 2 ) (方程式3a)
其中:
Ω 12 = μ s ′ ( λ 1 ) μ a ( λ 2 ) μ s ′ ( λ 2 ) μ a ( λ 1 ) (方程式3b)
据此: Sp O 2 = μ a HHb ( λ 1 ) - R Ω 12 - 1 μ a HHb ( λ 2 ) R Ω 12 - 1 ( μ a O 2 Hb ( λ 2 ) - μ a HHb ( λ 2 ) ) + μ a HHb ( λ 1 ) - μ a O 2 Hb ( λ 1 ) (方程式3c)
其中μa HHb及μa O2Hb为动脉血液中脱氧血红蛋白及氧血红蛋白各自的吸收系数,且R为AC与DC的比之比。
散射系数的较小变化(例如可能是因组织受压或运动伪影而引起)的影响如下列方程式4所列:
dI ( λ ) / d μ s ′ ( λ ) I ( λ ) = AC ( λ ) DC ( λ ) = - l 3 μ a ( λ ) 4 μ s ′ ( λ ) Δ μ s ′ ( λ ) (方程式4)
通过在一选择成使因血红蛋白引起的吸收较弱而因水引起的吸收较强的第三波长λ3下测量AC-DC比,通过减去经换算的在λ3下的AC-DC测量值来从在λ2下的AC-DC测量值中消除因运动引起的散射变化的影响。最后得到的经运动校正的体积描记图P可表示成:
P = AC ( λ 2 ) DC ( λ 2 ) - AC ( λ 3 ) DC ( λ 3 ) Ω 23 - 1
(方程式5a)
其中:
Ω 23 = μ s ′ ( λ 2 ) μ a ( λ 3 ) μ s ′ ( λ 3 ) μ a ( λ 2 ) (方程式5b)
当动脉脉动(方程式2)与运动伪影(方程式4)的影响为加性时,将方程式5扩展如下:
P = - l 3 μ s ′ ( λ 2 ) 4 μ a ( λ 2 ) Δ V art μ a art ( λ 2 ) - l 3 μ a ( λ 2 ) 4 μ s ′ ( λ 2 ) Δ μ s ′ ( λ 2 ) +
+ Ω 23 - 1 [ l 3 μ s ′ ( λ 3 ) 4 μ a ( λ 3 ) Δ μ a ( λ 3 ) + l 3 μ a ( λ 3 ) 4 μ s ′ ( λ 3 ) Δ μ s ′ ( λ 3 ) (方程式6)
当在λ3处水的吸收在组织对光的吸收中占主要地位、且动脉与周围组织中的水浓度接近相等时,Δμa3)近似为零,且方程式6化简成:
P = - l 3 μ s ′ ( λ 2 ) 4 μ a ( λ 2 ) Δ V art μ a art ( λ 2 ) (方程式7)
方程式7仅取决于在λ2处的动脉脉动的影响;运动伪影的影响已得到消除。以一类似方式,在λ3处测到的体积描记图可用于将运动影响从在λ1处测到的体积描记图中消除。然后,可将在λ1及λ2处测到的经校正的体积描记图相结合并用于估测氧饱和度,如例如方程式3所述。
已测试了介于约900与1300nm之间范围内且更具体而言介于约1150与1350nm之间范围内的几个波长并发现其可有效地自在约910nm下测得的体积描记图中减少运动伪影。处于此范围的较长波长侧处的波长具有使血红蛋白的吸收率比水的吸收率弱的优点(例如参见图3及4)。然而,处于此范围的较短端处的波长具有使随变化的组织成分的变动量减小的优点。如在其中已将组织中各主要成分归一化成相等的体积分数的图5中可见,水、脂肪及非血红蛋白蛋白质在约1185nm下均具有大致相等的吸收率。因此,在约1185nm下的组织吸收率几乎不随这些主要成分的相对浓度的变化而变化。
已知使用市售血氧计中通常所采用的硅(Si)检测器不容易实现对超过约1100nm的光的检测。例如,用于收集图2-7中所显示的数据的检测器采用砷化铟镓(InGaAs)作为光敏材料。最常见类型的InGaAs检测器对介于约800与1700nm之间的光敏感。因此,在一根据本发明各实施例设计而成的具有660及890nm常规波长的脉动式血氧计中,除一发出可被水强吸收的波长(例如约1180nm或约介于900-1400nm之间)的新光源外,还使用一个或多个附加检测器。一种这样的方案采用两个并排放置的检测器:一个Si检测器及一个InGaAs检测器。一替代方案使用一包含单独的Si层及InGaAs层的共线(“夹层”)检测器,例如可(举例而言)自Hamamatsu公司购得的检测器。或者,使用一锗检测器(Ge)来代替InGaAs检测器。
另外,上述对常规脉动式血氧定量法的增强的一替代形式为一全NIR脉动式血氧计。全NIR血氧计的一实例为一将发出约940、1040及1180nm的光的光源与单个InGaAs检测器结合使用的血氧计。除仅需一个检测器这一优点外,所述全NIR实施方案还具有与组织的光学特性相关的优点。使用脉动式血氧定量法所作的测量的精度部分地取决于不同颜色的光所传播经过的路径的相同程度。穿过组织的特定波长的光的平均路径长度及穿透深度受在所述波长下组织的吸收性及散射系数的强烈影响。在常规脉动式血氧定量法中,为了在两个波长下获得相同的平均路径长度及穿透深度,需要使在这两个波长下的散射及吸收系数相匹配。组织对光的散射随波长迅速减少,结果,出于下文所述的原因,使组织在约940、1040及1180nm处的散射特性将比组织在可见光波长与NIR波长的一组合(例如约660、890及1180nm)处的散射特性更密切地相匹配。氧及脱氧血红蛋白的吸收特性使得在高的氧饱和度值下因血红蛋白而引起的净(即氧及脱氧血红蛋白的组合影响)吸收系数将在660nm与940nm处匹配得相当好。然而,随着氧饱和度值的减小,在约660nm处的脱氧血红蛋白的高吸收系数将导致血红蛋白在约660与约940nm处的净吸收系数之间的失配越来越强。在可测量的氧饱和度值的整个范围内,血红蛋白在约940与约1040nm处的净吸收系数将较在约660与约940nm处更紧密地匹配。
对用于测量运动伪影信号的波长的选择部分地取决于对使光学路径长度与所要校正的信号的光学路径长度相匹配的需要。在超过约950nm时,为实现路径长度的紧密匹配,除血红蛋白的吸收系数外,还需要对水、蛋白质及非血红蛋白蛋白质的吸收系数加以考虑。虽然对于测量运动伪影信号而言,约1185nm为一当前较佳的波长,但其它替代波长值也可有效,例如介于约1050与1400nm之间及介于约1500与1850nm之间的波长。
可通过将光学组件直接放置于组织界面处,或者另一选择为通过用光纤向及自组织传输光,来实施本发明的各实施例。前一实施方式的优点是能更有效地传送及收集光,而后一实施方式的优点是能成本较低。成本较低的解决方案是通过如下事实来实现:当采用光纤传送时,光源及检测器可驻留于监视器而不是传感器中,且考虑到此类组件可能比光纤更昂贵,所以此将使装置更廉价。
本发明各实施例相对于用于解决运动伪影的影响的已知方法具有下文所述的几个优点。本发明各实施例提供用于测量与组织的光学特性变化相关联的运动信号并使用所述测量来补偿在其它波长下所作的体积描记图测量的方法及装置。通过测量伪影信号,本发明各实施例使运动伪影能够与体积描记信号分离而不使用现有已知技术中的限定性假定。本发明各实施例的优点在于:除识别运动处,其还提供一种用以在运动期间消除运动伪影并继续测量氧饱和度的方法。
如所属领域的技术人员所将了解,可设想出根据本发明各实施例的其它等效或替代方法来测量与组织的光学特性变化相关联的运动伪影信号并使用所述测量来补偿在其它波长下所作的体积描记图测量,此并不背离本发明的实质特征。例如,可使用可见光波长与NIR波长的一组合或一全NIR波长组合来进行测量。而且,近红外光谱领域的技术人员将认识到,可在本文中所使用的算法中添加其他项以包含在其他波长下所作的反射率测量且因此进一步提高精度。而且,除LED以外的光源或发光光学器件—包括(但不限于)适当调谐至所需波长的白炽灯及窄带光源—及相关联的光检测光学器件可放置于组织部位附近或者可定位于一远程单元中;且其通过光纤将光传送至组织部位及自组织部位接收光。另外,可使用以一背向散射模式或一反射模式来对反射率进行光学测量的传感器布置以及其它实施例(例如以一前向散射模式或一透射模式工作的实施例)来进行这些测量。这些等效形式及替代形式以及显而易见的改动及修改均打算包含于本发明范围内。因此,上文揭示内容旨在例示而非限制本发明的范围,本发明的范围是在随附权利要求书中加以规定。

Claims (24)

1、一种用以测量—生理参数的方法,其包括:
获得一从以一第一波长透射过一组织部分的电磁能量导出的第一信号,所述第一信号包括一对应于与运动相关的事件的信号部分及一对应于动脉脉动事件的信号部分,其中在所述第一波长下,水为所述组织部分中电磁能量的一主要吸收剂;
获得一从以一第二波长透射过一组织部分的电磁能量导出的第二信号,所述第二信号包括一对应于与运动相关的事件的信号部分及一对应于动脉脉动事件的信号部分,其中在所述第二波长下,血红蛋白为所述组织部分中电磁能量的一主要吸收剂;及
将所述第一信号与所述第二信号相组合以产生一包括一体积描记图的组合信号,所述组合信号具有一对应于与运动相关的事件的信号部分,所述信号部分小于存在于所述第一信号或所述第二信号中的信号部分。
2、如权利要求1所述的方法,其中在所述第一波长下,在所述组织部分中,水为一强于血红蛋白的电磁能量吸收剂。
3、如权利要求1所述的方法,其中在所述第二波长下,在所述组织部分中,血红蛋白为一强于水的电磁能量吸收剂。
4、如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述第一波长处于约900与1850nm之间的范围内。
5、如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述第一波长处于约1100与1400nm之间的范围内。
6、如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述第一波长处于约1150与1250nm之间的范围内。
7、如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述第一波长为约1185nm。
8、如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述第二波长处于约600与950nm之间的范围内。
9、如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述组合包括对所述第一信号应用一乘数以获得一经换算的第一信号并从所述第二信号中减去所述经换算的第一信号。
10、如权利要求9所述的方法,其中所述乘数为一在所述第一波长下血红蛋白对所述组织部分中电磁能量的吸收与在所述第二波长下血红蛋白对所述组织部分中电磁能量的吸收之比的一函数。
11、如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述生理参数为一脉搏率。
12、如权利要求1所述的方法,其进一步包括:
获得一从以一第三波长透射过一组织部分的电磁能量中导出的第三信号,所述第三信号包括一对应于与运动相关的事件的信号部分及一对应于动脉脉动事件的信号部分,其中在所述第三波长下,血红蛋白为所述组织部分中电磁能量的一主要吸收剂;及
将所述第一信号与所述第三信号相组合以产生一包括一体积描记图的第二组合信号,所述第二组合信号具有一对应于与运动相关的事件的信号部分,所述信号部分小于存在于所述第一信号或所述第三信号中的信号部分。
13、如权利要求12所述的方法,其进一步包括:
将所述组合信号与所述第二组合信号相组合以形成一组合;及
使用所述组合来估测一氧饱和度值。
14、一种用于测量一生理参数的设备,其包括:
获得构件,其用于获得一从以一第一波长透射过一组织部分的电磁能量导出的第一信号,所述第一信号包括一对应于与运动相关的事件的信号部分及一对应于动脉脉动事件的信号部分,其中在所述第一波长下,水为所述组织部分中电磁能量的一主要吸收剂;
获得构件,其用于获得一从以一第二波长透射过一组织部分的电磁能量导出的第二信号,所述第二信号包括一对应于与运动相关的事件的信号部分及一对应于动脉脉动事件的信号部分,其中在所述第二波长下,血红蛋白为所述组织部分中电磁能量的一主要吸收剂;及
组合构件,其用于将所述第一信号与所述第二信号相组合以产生一包括一体积描记图的组合信号,所述组合信号具有一对应于与运动相关的事件的信号部分,所述信号部分小于存在于所述第一信号或所述第二信号中的信号部分。
15、如权利要求14所述的设备,其中所述用于获得一第一信号的构件包括:
经配置以将电磁能量射向所述组织部位处的发光光学器件;及
经配置以自所述组织部位接收辐射的光检测光学器件。
16、如权利要求15所述的设备,其中所述发光光学器件经配置以传送一处于约900与1850nm之间范围内的波长的电磁能量。
17、如权利要求15所述的设备,其中所述发光光学器件经配置以传送一处于约1100与1400nm之间范围内的波长的电磁能量。
18、如权利要求15所述的设备,其中所述发光光学器件经配置以传送一处于约1150与1250nm之间范围内的波长的电磁能量。
19、如权利要求15所述的设备,其中所述发光光学器件经配置以传送一处于约1185nm的电磁能量。
20、如权利要求14所述的设备,其中所述用于组合的构件包括用于对所述第一信号应用一乘数以获得一经换算的第一信号并从所述第二信号中减去所述经换算的第一信号的构件。
21、如权利要求14所述的设备,其中所述用于组合的构件包括一处理装置,所述处理装置经配置以将所述第一信号与所述第二信号相组合以产生一包括一体积描记图的组合信号,所述组合信号具有一对应于与运动相关的事件的信号部分,所述信号部分小于存在于所述第一信号或所述第二信号中的信号部分。
22、如权利要求14所述的设备,其进一步包括:
获得构件,其用于获得一从以一第三波长透射过一组织部分的电磁能量导出的第三信号,所述第三信号包括一对应于与运动相关的事件的信号部分及一对应于动脉脉动事件的信号部分,其中在所述第三波长下,血红蛋白为所述组织部分中电磁能量的一主要吸收剂;及
组合构件,其用于将所述第一信号与所述第三信号相组合以产生一包括一体积描记图的第二组合信号,所述第二组合信号具有一对应于与运动相关的事件的信号部分,所述信号部分小于存在于所述第一信号或所述第三信号中的信号部分。
23、如权利要求22所述的设备,其进一步包括:
组合构件,其用于将所述组合信号与所述第二组合信号相组合以形成一组合;及
估测构件,其用于使用所述组合来测定一氧饱和度值。
24、如权利要求14所述的设备,其中所述生理参数为一脉搏率。
CNA2005800129844A 2004-03-09 2005-03-08 使用水对近红外线的吸收的脉冲血氧计运动伪影消除 Pending CN1946336A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/797,475 2004-03-09
US10/797,475 US7277741B2 (en) 2004-03-09 2004-03-09 Pulse oximetry motion artifact rejection using near infrared absorption by water

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1946336A true CN1946336A (zh) 2007-04-11

Family

ID=34920066

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNA2005800129844A Pending CN1946336A (zh) 2004-03-09 2005-03-08 使用水对近红外线的吸收的脉冲血氧计运动伪影消除

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (3) US7277741B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1729633B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2007528276A (zh)
KR (1) KR20070013277A (zh)
CN (1) CN1946336A (zh)
AU (1) AU2005221673A1 (zh)
CA (1) CA2558643C (zh)
MX (1) MXPA06010318A (zh)
WO (1) WO2005087098A1 (zh)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101972148A (zh) * 2010-11-19 2011-02-16 哈尔滨工业大学 基于经验模态分解的近红外脑功能检测的扰动消除方法
CN102647941A (zh) * 2009-10-06 2012-08-22 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 用于执行光电容积描记的方法和系统
CN104507381A (zh) * 2012-06-18 2015-04-08 皇家飞利浦有限公司 光电体积描记设备和方法
CN105979861A (zh) * 2014-02-12 2016-09-28 皇家飞利浦有限公司 用于基于反射和透射的光来确定对象的生命体征的设备、系统和方法
CN106456029A (zh) * 2014-05-21 2017-02-22 皇家飞利浦有限公司 用于无创地确定对象的红细胞比容值的设备和方法
CN106560156A (zh) * 2015-10-01 2017-04-12 硅谷实验室公司 使用差分传感器的体积描记心率监测降噪
CN106659392A (zh) * 2014-07-22 2017-05-10 皇家飞利浦有限公司 非侵扰式皮肤组织水合确定设备及相关的方法

Families Citing this family (172)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6018673A (en) 1996-10-10 2000-01-25 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Motion compatible sensor for non-invasive optical blood analysis
US20060161071A1 (en) 1997-01-27 2006-07-20 Lynn Lawrence A Time series objectification system and method
US9042952B2 (en) 1997-01-27 2015-05-26 Lawrence A. Lynn System and method for automatic detection of a plurality of SPO2 time series pattern types
US8932227B2 (en) 2000-07-28 2015-01-13 Lawrence A. Lynn System and method for CO2 and oximetry integration
US9521971B2 (en) 1997-07-14 2016-12-20 Lawrence A. Lynn System and method for automatic detection of a plurality of SPO2 time series pattern types
US20070191697A1 (en) 2006-02-10 2007-08-16 Lynn Lawrence A System and method for SPO2 instability detection and quantification
US6675031B1 (en) 1999-04-14 2004-01-06 Mallinckrodt Inc. Method and circuit for indicating quality and accuracy of physiological measurements
US20060195041A1 (en) 2002-05-17 2006-08-31 Lynn Lawrence A Centralized hospital monitoring system for automatically detecting upper airway instability and for preventing and aborting adverse drug reactions
US9053222B2 (en) 2002-05-17 2015-06-09 Lawrence A. Lynn Patient safety processor
US8135448B2 (en) * 2001-03-16 2012-03-13 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Systems and methods to assess one or more body fluid metrics
US6754516B2 (en) 2001-07-19 2004-06-22 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Nuisance alarm reductions in a physiological monitor
JP3784766B2 (ja) * 2002-11-01 2006-06-14 株式会社半導体理工学研究センター 多ポート統合キャッシュ
US7006856B2 (en) 2003-01-10 2006-02-28 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Signal quality metrics design for qualifying data for a physiological monitor
US7016715B2 (en) 2003-01-13 2006-03-21 Nellcorpuritan Bennett Incorporated Selection of preset filter parameters based on signal quality
US7190985B2 (en) 2004-02-25 2007-03-13 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Inc. Oximeter ambient light cancellation
US7120479B2 (en) 2004-02-25 2006-10-10 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Inc. Switch-mode oximeter LED drive with a single inductor
US7194293B2 (en) 2004-03-08 2007-03-20 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Selection of ensemble averaging weights for a pulse oximeter based on signal quality metrics
US7534212B2 (en) 2004-03-08 2009-05-19 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Pulse oximeter with alternate heart-rate determination
US7277741B2 (en) 2004-03-09 2007-10-02 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Pulse oximetry motion artifact rejection using near infrared absorption by water
EP1860995A1 (en) 2005-03-01 2007-12-05 Masimo Laboratories, Inc. Multiple wavelength sensor substrate
US7392075B2 (en) 2005-03-03 2008-06-24 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Method for enhancing pulse oximetry calculations in the presence of correlated artifacts
US20070069898A1 (en) * 2005-09-28 2007-03-29 White Mark J Glove with attached security device
US7725146B2 (en) 2005-09-29 2010-05-25 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc System and method for pre-processing waveforms
US7725147B2 (en) 2005-09-29 2010-05-25 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc System and method for removing artifacts from waveforms
US20070106126A1 (en) 2005-09-30 2007-05-10 Mannheimer Paul D Patient monitoring alarm escalation system and method
DE602005024990D1 (zh) * 2005-12-02 2011-01-05 Gen Electric
US7706852B2 (en) 2006-01-30 2010-04-27 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc System and method for detection of unstable oxygen saturation
US7668579B2 (en) 2006-02-10 2010-02-23 Lynn Lawrence A System and method for the detection of physiologic response to stimulation
US8702606B2 (en) 2006-03-21 2014-04-22 Covidien Lp Patient monitoring help video system and method
US8255025B2 (en) 2006-06-09 2012-08-28 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Bronchial or tracheal tissular water content sensor and system
US8380271B2 (en) 2006-06-15 2013-02-19 Covidien Lp System and method for generating customizable audible beep tones and alarms
US8064975B2 (en) 2006-09-20 2011-11-22 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc System and method for probability based determination of estimated oxygen saturation
US8696593B2 (en) 2006-09-27 2014-04-15 Covidien Lp Method and system for monitoring intracranial pressure
US8180419B2 (en) * 2006-09-27 2012-05-15 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Tissue hydration estimation by spectral absorption bandwidth measurement
US7643858B2 (en) 2006-09-28 2010-01-05 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc System and method for detection of brain edema using spectrophotometry
US7922665B2 (en) 2006-09-28 2011-04-12 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc System and method for pulse rate calculation using a scheme for alternate weighting
US7680522B2 (en) 2006-09-29 2010-03-16 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Method and apparatus for detecting misapplied sensors
US8728059B2 (en) 2006-09-29 2014-05-20 Covidien Lp System and method for assuring validity of monitoring parameter in combination with a therapeutic device
US7848891B2 (en) 2006-09-29 2010-12-07 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Modulation ratio determination with accommodation of uncertainty
US8068891B2 (en) 2006-09-29 2011-11-29 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Symmetric LED array for pulse oximetry
US7698002B2 (en) 2006-09-29 2010-04-13 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Systems and methods for user interface and identification in a medical device
US20080081956A1 (en) 2006-09-29 2008-04-03 Jayesh Shah System and method for integrating voice with a medical device
US7706896B2 (en) 2006-09-29 2010-04-27 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc User interface and identification in a medical device system and method
US7925511B2 (en) 2006-09-29 2011-04-12 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc System and method for secure voice identification in a medical device
US8068890B2 (en) 2006-09-29 2011-11-29 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Pulse oximetry sensor switchover
US8175667B2 (en) * 2006-09-29 2012-05-08 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Symmetric LED array for pulse oximetry
US8160668B2 (en) 2006-09-29 2012-04-17 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Pathological condition detector using kernel methods and oximeters
US8652040B2 (en) 2006-12-19 2014-02-18 Valencell, Inc. Telemetric apparatus for health and environmental monitoring
US8157730B2 (en) 2006-12-19 2012-04-17 Valencell, Inc. Physiological and environmental monitoring systems and methods
US20080220512A1 (en) * 2007-03-09 2008-09-11 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Tunable laser-based spectroscopy system for non-invasively measuring body water content
US8109882B2 (en) 2007-03-09 2012-02-07 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc System and method for venous pulsation detection using near infrared wavelengths
US8690864B2 (en) 2007-03-09 2014-04-08 Covidien Lp System and method for controlling tissue treatment
US7713196B2 (en) * 2007-03-09 2010-05-11 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Method for evaluating skin hydration and fluid compartmentalization
US8265724B2 (en) 2007-03-09 2012-09-11 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Cancellation of light shunting
US20080221426A1 (en) * 2007-03-09 2008-09-11 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Methods and apparatus for detecting misapplied optical sensors
US8346327B2 (en) 2007-03-09 2013-01-01 Covidien Lp Method for identification of sensor site by local skin spectrum data
US20080221416A1 (en) * 2007-03-09 2008-09-11 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc System and method for detection of macular degeneration using spectrophotometry
US8175665B2 (en) 2007-03-09 2012-05-08 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Method and apparatus for spectroscopic tissue analyte measurement
US8280469B2 (en) 2007-03-09 2012-10-02 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Method for detection of aberrant tissue spectra
US8357090B2 (en) * 2007-03-09 2013-01-22 Covidien Lp Method and apparatus for estimating water reserves
EP2476369B1 (en) 2007-03-27 2014-10-01 Masimo Laboratories, Inc. Multiple wavelength optical sensor
US8374665B2 (en) 2007-04-21 2013-02-12 Cercacor Laboratories, Inc. Tissue profile wellness monitor
WO2009036256A1 (en) 2007-09-14 2009-03-19 Corventis, Inc. Injectable physiological monitoring system
US8116841B2 (en) 2007-09-14 2012-02-14 Corventis, Inc. Adherent device with multiple physiological sensors
EP2200512A1 (en) 2007-09-14 2010-06-30 Corventis, Inc. Adherent device for respiratory monitoring and sleep disordered breathing
US8897868B2 (en) 2007-09-14 2014-11-25 Medtronic, Inc. Medical device automatic start-up upon contact to patient tissue
EP2194864B1 (en) 2007-09-14 2018-08-29 Medtronic Monitoring, Inc. System and methods for wireless body fluid monitoring
US8460189B2 (en) 2007-09-14 2013-06-11 Corventis, Inc. Adherent cardiac monitor with advanced sensing capabilities
US20090076346A1 (en) 2007-09-14 2009-03-19 Corventis, Inc. Tracking and Security for Adherent Patient Monitor
JP4569615B2 (ja) * 2007-09-25 2010-10-27 ブラザー工業株式会社 印刷装置
US8251903B2 (en) * 2007-10-25 2012-08-28 Valencell, Inc. Noninvasive physiological analysis using excitation-sensor modules and related devices and methods
US8204567B2 (en) 2007-12-13 2012-06-19 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Signal demodulation
US8346328B2 (en) 2007-12-21 2013-01-01 Covidien Lp Medical sensor and technique for using the same
US8352004B2 (en) * 2007-12-21 2013-01-08 Covidien Lp Medical sensor and technique for using the same
US8092993B2 (en) 2007-12-31 2012-01-10 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Hydrogel thin film for use as a biosensor
US20090171174A1 (en) * 2007-12-31 2009-07-02 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc System and method for maintaining battery life
WO2009088799A1 (en) * 2007-12-31 2009-07-16 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Method and apparatus for assessing contact of a sensor with arterialized tissue
US8750953B2 (en) 2008-02-19 2014-06-10 Covidien Lp Methods and systems for alerting practitioners to physiological conditions
US8275553B2 (en) 2008-02-19 2012-09-25 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc System and method for evaluating physiological parameter data
EP2257216B1 (en) 2008-03-12 2021-04-28 Medtronic Monitoring, Inc. Heart failure decompensation prediction based on cardiac rhythm
US8140272B2 (en) 2008-03-27 2012-03-20 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc System and method for unmixing spectroscopic observations with nonnegative matrix factorization
US8437822B2 (en) 2008-03-28 2013-05-07 Covidien Lp System and method for estimating blood analyte concentration
US8292809B2 (en) 2008-03-31 2012-10-23 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Detecting chemical components from spectroscopic observations
US8364224B2 (en) 2008-03-31 2013-01-29 Covidien Lp System and method for facilitating sensor and monitor communication
US8112375B2 (en) 2008-03-31 2012-02-07 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Wavelength selection and outlier detection in reduced rank linear models
US8412317B2 (en) 2008-04-18 2013-04-02 Corventis, Inc. Method and apparatus to measure bioelectric impedance of patient tissue
JP5474937B2 (ja) 2008-05-07 2014-04-16 ローレンス エー. リン, 医療障害パターン検索エンジン
US9285459B2 (en) * 2008-05-09 2016-03-15 Analog Devices, Inc. Method of locating an object in 3D
US20090279107A1 (en) * 2008-05-09 2009-11-12 Analog Devices, Inc. Optical distance measurement by triangulation of an active transponder
USD626561S1 (en) 2008-06-30 2010-11-02 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Circular satseconds indicator and triangular saturation pattern detection indicator for a patient monitor display panel
US8862194B2 (en) 2008-06-30 2014-10-14 Covidien Lp Method for improved oxygen saturation estimation in the presence of noise
US9895068B2 (en) 2008-06-30 2018-02-20 Covidien Lp Pulse oximeter with wait-time indication
USD626562S1 (en) 2008-06-30 2010-11-02 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Triangular saturation pattern detection indicator for a patient monitor display panel
US20100016741A1 (en) * 2008-07-21 2010-01-21 John Mix Heart rate monitor
US8433382B2 (en) 2008-09-30 2013-04-30 Covidien Lp Transmission mode photon density wave system and method
US8406865B2 (en) 2008-09-30 2013-03-26 Covidien Lp Bioimpedance system and sensor and technique for using the same
US8386000B2 (en) 2008-09-30 2013-02-26 Covidien Lp System and method for photon density wave pulse oximetry and pulse hemometry
US8968193B2 (en) 2008-09-30 2015-03-03 Covidien Lp System and method for enabling a research mode on physiological monitors
US8417309B2 (en) 2008-09-30 2013-04-09 Covidien Lp Medical sensor
ES2336997B1 (es) * 2008-10-16 2011-06-13 Sabirmedical,S.L. Sistema y aparato para la medicion no invasiva de la presion arterial.
US9746544B2 (en) * 2008-12-03 2017-08-29 Analog Devices, Inc. Position measurement systems using position sensitive detectors
US20090171172A1 (en) * 2008-12-19 2009-07-02 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Method and system for pulse gating
EP2400884B1 (en) 2009-02-25 2018-03-07 Valencell, Inc. Light-guiding devices and monitoring devices incorporating same
US9750462B2 (en) 2009-02-25 2017-09-05 Valencell, Inc. Monitoring apparatus and methods for measuring physiological and/or environmental conditions
US8788002B2 (en) 2009-02-25 2014-07-22 Valencell, Inc. Light-guiding devices and monitoring devices incorporating same
US8221319B2 (en) 2009-03-25 2012-07-17 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical device for assessing intravascular blood volume and technique for using the same
US8509869B2 (en) 2009-05-15 2013-08-13 Covidien Lp Method and apparatus for detecting and analyzing variations in a physiologic parameter
WO2010138385A1 (en) * 2009-05-27 2010-12-02 Analog Devices, Inc. Multiuse optical sensor
US8494786B2 (en) 2009-07-30 2013-07-23 Covidien Lp Exponential sampling of red and infrared signals
US8494606B2 (en) 2009-08-19 2013-07-23 Covidien Lp Photoplethysmography with controlled application of sensor pressure
US8704666B2 (en) 2009-09-21 2014-04-22 Covidien Lp Medical device interface customization systems and methods
US8494604B2 (en) 2009-09-21 2013-07-23 Covidien Lp Wavelength-division multiplexing in a multi-wavelength photon density wave system
US8788001B2 (en) 2009-09-21 2014-07-22 Covidien Lp Time-division multiplexing in a multi-wavelength photon density wave system
US8798704B2 (en) 2009-09-24 2014-08-05 Covidien Lp Photoacoustic spectroscopy method and system to discern sepsis from shock
US9554739B2 (en) 2009-09-29 2017-01-31 Covidien Lp Smart cable for coupling a medical sensor to an electronic patient monitor
US8515511B2 (en) 2009-09-29 2013-08-20 Covidien Lp Sensor with an optical coupling material to improve plethysmographic measurements and method of using the same
US8376955B2 (en) 2009-09-29 2013-02-19 Covidien Lp Spectroscopic method and system for assessing tissue temperature
WO2011050283A2 (en) 2009-10-22 2011-04-28 Corventis, Inc. Remote detection and monitoring of functional chronotropic incompetence
US9839381B1 (en) 2009-11-24 2017-12-12 Cercacor Laboratories, Inc. Physiological measurement system with automatic wavelength adjustment
GB2487882B (en) 2009-12-04 2017-03-29 Masimo Corp Calibration for multi-stage physiological monitors
US9451897B2 (en) 2009-12-14 2016-09-27 Medtronic Monitoring, Inc. Body adherent patch with electronics for physiologic monitoring
US8391943B2 (en) 2010-03-31 2013-03-05 Covidien Lp Multi-wavelength photon density wave system using an optical switch
US8965498B2 (en) 2010-04-05 2015-02-24 Corventis, Inc. Method and apparatus for personalized physiologic parameters
US7884933B1 (en) 2010-05-05 2011-02-08 Revolutionary Business Concepts, Inc. Apparatus and method for determining analyte concentrations
US8930145B2 (en) 2010-07-28 2015-01-06 Covidien Lp Light focusing continuous wave photoacoustic spectroscopy and its applications to patient monitoring
WO2012050847A2 (en) 2010-09-28 2012-04-19 Masimo Corporation Depth of consciousness monitor including oximeter
US9775545B2 (en) 2010-09-28 2017-10-03 Masimo Corporation Magnetic electrical connector for patient monitors
US8521247B2 (en) 2010-12-29 2013-08-27 Covidien Lp Certification apparatus and method for a medical device computer
US8888701B2 (en) 2011-01-27 2014-11-18 Valencell, Inc. Apparatus and methods for monitoring physiological data during environmental interference
US8855735B2 (en) 2011-02-24 2014-10-07 Covidien Lp Medical sensor using photonic crystal LED
US8725311B1 (en) 2011-03-14 2014-05-13 American Vehicular Sciences, LLC Driver health and fatigue monitoring system and method
US9427191B2 (en) 2011-07-25 2016-08-30 Valencell, Inc. Apparatus and methods for estimating time-state physiological parameters
WO2013019494A2 (en) 2011-08-02 2013-02-07 Valencell, Inc. Systems and methods for variable filter adjustment by heart rate metric feedback
US9702690B2 (en) 2011-12-19 2017-07-11 Analog Devices, Inc. Lens-less optical position measuring sensor
JP6044012B2 (ja) * 2012-02-13 2016-12-14 愛知県 検出対象部位の検出システム
US20130317373A1 (en) 2012-03-12 2013-11-28 Ivwatch, Llc System for Mitigating the Effects of Tissue Blood Volume Changes to Aid in Diagnosing Infiltration or Extravasation in Animalia Tissue
US9833146B2 (en) 2012-04-17 2017-12-05 Covidien Lp Surgical system and method of use of the same
US20140039309A1 (en) * 2012-04-26 2014-02-06 Evena Medical, Inc. Vein imaging systems and methods
EP2879569A1 (en) * 2012-07-30 2015-06-10 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Device and method for extracting physiological information
US10881310B2 (en) 2012-08-25 2021-01-05 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Motion artifact mitigation methods and devices for pulse photoplethysmography
CN108937908B (zh) 2013-01-28 2021-08-10 瓦伦赛尔公司 具有与身体运动脱开的感测元件的生理监测装置
US9717423B2 (en) 2013-01-28 2017-08-01 Texas Instruments Incorporated Low-complexity sensor displacement tolerant pulse oximetry based heart rate measurement
US20140275878A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Covidien Lp Methods and systems for equalizing physiological signals
USD756372S1 (en) * 2013-12-02 2016-05-17 Symantec Corporation Display screen with graphical user interface
US20160296174A1 (en) * 2013-12-05 2016-10-13 Apple Inc. Method of reducing motion artifacts on wearable optical sensor devices
US20160296173A1 (en) * 2013-12-30 2016-10-13 Apple Inc. Motion artifact cancelation
US20160029898A1 (en) 2014-07-30 2016-02-04 Valencell, Inc. Physiological Monitoring Devices and Methods Using Optical Sensors
WO2016022295A1 (en) 2014-08-06 2016-02-11 Valencell, Inc. Optical physiological sensor modules with reduced signal noise
US9794653B2 (en) 2014-09-27 2017-10-17 Valencell, Inc. Methods and apparatus for improving signal quality in wearable biometric monitoring devices
US10154815B2 (en) 2014-10-07 2018-12-18 Masimo Corporation Modular physiological sensors
US11103139B2 (en) 2015-06-14 2021-08-31 Facense Ltd. Detecting fever from video images and a baseline
US11103140B2 (en) 2015-06-14 2021-08-31 Facense Ltd. Monitoring blood sugar level with a comfortable head-mounted device
US10376163B1 (en) 2015-06-14 2019-08-13 Facense Ltd. Blood pressure from inward-facing head-mounted cameras
US11064892B2 (en) 2015-06-14 2021-07-20 Facense Ltd. Detecting a transient ischemic attack using photoplethysmogram signals
US10791938B2 (en) 2015-06-14 2020-10-06 Facense Ltd. Smartglasses for detecting congestive heart failure
US11154203B2 (en) 2015-06-14 2021-10-26 Facense Ltd. Detecting fever from images and temperatures
US10349887B1 (en) 2015-06-14 2019-07-16 Facense Ltd. Blood pressure measuring smartglasses
US10667697B2 (en) 2015-06-14 2020-06-02 Facense Ltd. Identification of posture-related syncope using head-mounted sensors
US10638938B1 (en) 2015-06-14 2020-05-05 Facense Ltd. Eyeglasses to detect abnormal medical events including stroke and migraine
US10799122B2 (en) 2015-06-14 2020-10-13 Facense Ltd. Utilizing correlations between PPG signals and iPPG signals to improve detection of physiological responses
US10317200B1 (en) 2015-09-30 2019-06-11 Apple Inc. Multi-mode sensor for surface orientation
US10610158B2 (en) 2015-10-23 2020-04-07 Valencell, Inc. Physiological monitoring devices and methods that identify subject activity type
US10945618B2 (en) 2015-10-23 2021-03-16 Valencell, Inc. Physiological monitoring devices and methods for noise reduction in physiological signals based on subject activity type
US10376223B2 (en) * 2016-03-28 2019-08-13 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Living-body information measurement device and non-transitory computer readable medium
WO2018009736A1 (en) 2016-07-08 2018-01-11 Valencell, Inc. Motion-dependent averaging for physiological metric estimating systems and methods
JP6134429B1 (ja) * 2016-09-23 2017-05-24 東京瓦斯株式会社 検出装置、及び検出方法
US10206619B1 (en) * 2017-04-28 2019-02-19 Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. Device and method for monitoring body hydration
WO2020073326A1 (zh) * 2018-10-12 2020-04-16 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司 医疗设备
WO2020257718A1 (en) 2019-06-20 2020-12-24 Medici Technologies, LLC Hydration assessment system
US11674797B2 (en) 2020-03-22 2023-06-13 Analog Devices, Inc. Self-aligned light angle sensor using thin metal silicide anodes
US11191460B1 (en) 2020-07-15 2021-12-07 Shani Biotechnologies LLC Device and method for measuring blood components
WO2022251139A1 (en) * 2021-05-23 2022-12-01 Vydar Medical Wireless tissue oxygenation monitoring device

Family Cites Families (165)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3638640A (en) 1967-11-01 1972-02-01 Robert F Shaw Oximeter and method for in vivo determination of oxygen saturation in blood using three or more different wavelengths
US3639640A (en) * 1969-02-27 1972-02-01 Plastic Coating Corp Electrostatographic recording element
JPS5725217B2 (zh) 1974-10-14 1982-05-28
SE388045B (sv) 1974-11-28 1976-09-20 Servo Med Ab Forfarande vid metning av fran en yta genom diffusion avgiven mengd av exv. vatten samt anordning for genomforande av forfarandet
US4364008A (en) 1980-10-02 1982-12-14 Jacques Steven L Focusing probe for moisture measurement device
US4711244A (en) 1981-12-17 1987-12-08 American Cyanamid Company Digital moisture dermatometer
US4714341A (en) 1984-02-23 1987-12-22 Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha Multi-wavelength oximeter having a means for disregarding a poor signal
US4723554A (en) 1984-04-27 1988-02-09 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Skin pallor and blush monitor
US4911167A (en) 1985-06-07 1990-03-27 Nellcor Incorporated Method and apparatus for detecting optical pulses
US4936679A (en) 1985-11-12 1990-06-26 Becton, Dickinson And Company Optical fiber transducer driving and measuring circuit and method for using same
DE3723881A1 (de) 1987-07-18 1989-01-26 Nicolay Gmbh Verfahren zum ermitteln der sauerstoffsaettigung des blutes eines lebenden organismus und elektronische schaltung sowie vorrichtung zum durchfuehren dieses verfahrens
US4805623A (en) * 1987-09-04 1989-02-21 Vander Corporation Spectrophotometric method for quantitatively determining the concentration of a dilute component in a light- or other radiation-scattering environment
US4860753A (en) 1987-11-04 1989-08-29 The Gillette Company Monitoring apparatus
US4805365A (en) 1987-12-10 1989-02-21 Hamilton Industries, Inc. Corner post assembly
US4883055A (en) 1988-03-11 1989-11-28 Puritan-Bennett Corporation Artificially induced blood pulse for use with a pulse oximeter
US4850365A (en) 1988-03-14 1989-07-25 Futrex, Inc. Near infrared apparatus and method for determining percent fat in a body
US4972331A (en) 1989-02-06 1990-11-20 Nim, Inc. Phase modulated spectrophotometry
US5122974A (en) * 1989-02-06 1992-06-16 Nim, Inc. Phase modulated spectrophotometry
US5564417A (en) 1991-01-24 1996-10-15 Non-Invasive Technology, Inc. Pathlength corrected oximeter and the like
US5873821A (en) * 1992-05-18 1999-02-23 Non-Invasive Technology, Inc. Lateralization spectrophotometer
CA1331483C (en) 1988-11-02 1994-08-16 Britton Chance User-wearable hemoglobinometer for measuring the metabolic condition of a subject
JPH06103257B2 (ja) 1988-12-19 1994-12-14 大塚電子株式会社 光散乱を用いた物質の吸光係数測定方法および装置
US5553614A (en) 1988-12-21 1996-09-10 Non-Invasive Technology, Inc. Examination of biological tissue using frequency domain spectroscopy
US5119815A (en) * 1988-12-21 1992-06-09 Nim, Incorporated Apparatus for determining the concentration of a tissue pigment of known absorbance, in vivo, using the decay characteristics of scintered electromagnetic radiation
US5111817A (en) 1988-12-29 1992-05-12 Medical Physics, Inc. Noninvasive system and method for enhanced arterial oxygen saturation determination and arterial blood pressure monitoring
US6183414B1 (en) * 1999-04-26 2001-02-06 Michael S. Wysor Technique for restoring plasticity to tissues of a male or female organ
US6708048B1 (en) * 1989-02-06 2004-03-16 Non-Invasive Technology, Inc. Phase modulation spectrophotometric apparatus
US5086781A (en) 1989-11-14 1992-02-11 Bookspan Mark A Bioelectric apparatus for monitoring body fluid compartments
DE3938759A1 (de) 1989-11-23 1991-05-29 Philips Patentverwaltung Nichtinvasive oximeteranordnung
US5224478A (en) 1989-11-25 1993-07-06 Colin Electronics Co., Ltd. Reflecting-type oxymeter probe
US5146091A (en) 1990-04-19 1992-09-08 Inomet, Inc. Body fluid constituent measurement utilizing an interference pattern
GB9011887D0 (en) * 1990-05-26 1990-07-18 Le Fit Ltd Pulse responsive device
JPH0440940A (ja) 1990-06-07 1992-02-12 Minolta Camera Co Ltd 総ヘモグロビン濃度測定装置
US6246894B1 (en) 1993-02-01 2001-06-12 In-Line Diagnostics Corporation System and method for measuring blood urea nitrogen, blood osmolarity, plasma free hemoglobin and tissue water content
US6266546B1 (en) 1990-10-06 2001-07-24 In-Line Diagnostics Corporation System for noninvasive hematocrit monitoring
US5372136A (en) 1990-10-06 1994-12-13 Noninvasive Medical Technology Corporation System and method for noninvasive hematocrit monitoring
US6681128B2 (en) * 1990-10-06 2004-01-20 Hema Metrics, Inc. System for noninvasive hematocrit monitoring
US5632272A (en) * 1991-03-07 1997-05-27 Masimo Corporation Signal processing apparatus
MX9702434A (es) * 1991-03-07 1998-05-31 Masimo Corp Aparato de procesamiento de señales.
DE69229994T2 (de) * 1991-03-07 2000-04-27 Masimo Corp Gerät und verfahren zur signalverarbeitung
US6549795B1 (en) * 1991-05-16 2003-04-15 Non-Invasive Technology, Inc. Spectrophotometer for tissue examination
US5219400A (en) * 1991-06-11 1993-06-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Noninvasive method for quantitation of oxyhemoglobin saturation by near-infrared reflectance spectrophotometry
CA2079058A1 (en) 1991-10-18 1993-04-19 Stanley H. Remiszewski Surgical stapling apparatus
US5277181A (en) 1991-12-12 1994-01-11 Vivascan Corporation Noninvasive measurement of hematocrit and hemoglobin content by differential optical analysis
DE69117964T2 (de) * 1991-12-30 1996-07-25 Hamamatsu Photonics Kk Diagnosegerät
AU3583293A (en) 1992-01-17 1993-08-03 Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Department Of Health And Human Services, The Optical method for monitoring arterial blood hematocrit
US5385143A (en) 1992-02-06 1995-01-31 Nihon Kohden Corporation Apparatus for measuring predetermined data of living tissue
JP2608828B2 (ja) 1992-02-06 1997-05-14 日本光電工業株式会社 非観血式オキシメータ
US5297548A (en) * 1992-02-07 1994-03-29 Ohmeda Inc. Arterial blood monitoring probe
EP0555553A3 (en) * 1992-02-07 1993-09-08 Boc Health Care, Inc. Improved arterial blood monitoring system
US5337745A (en) 1992-03-10 1994-08-16 Benaron David A Device and method for in vivo qualitative or quantative measurement of blood chromophore concentration using blood pulse spectrophotometry
US5377674A (en) 1992-05-08 1995-01-03 Kuestner; J. Todd Method for non-invasive and in-vitro hemoglobin concentration measurement
US6785568B2 (en) 1992-05-18 2004-08-31 Non-Invasive Technology Inc. Transcranial examination of the brain
JP3255370B2 (ja) 1992-06-03 2002-02-12 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 皮膚中の水分の存在位置検出方法及び装置
US5735284A (en) 1992-06-24 1998-04-07 N.I. Medical Ltd. Method and system for non-invasive determination of the main cardiorespiratory parameters of the human body
US5355880A (en) 1992-07-06 1994-10-18 Sandia Corporation Reliable noninvasive measurement of blood gases
US6222189B1 (en) 1992-07-15 2001-04-24 Optix, Lp Methods of enhancing optical signals by mechanical manipulation in non-invasive testing
GB9216431D0 (en) 1992-08-01 1992-09-16 Univ Swansea Optical monitoring or measuring artefact suppression
US5282467A (en) 1992-08-13 1994-02-01 Duke University Non-invasive method for detecting deep venous thrombosis in the human body
DE4242232C2 (de) 1992-12-15 1998-12-10 Burkhard Kuhls Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur nicht-invasiven Konzentrationsbestimmung polarisierender Stoffe im menschlichen Körper
US5348004A (en) 1993-03-31 1994-09-20 Nellcor Incorporated Electronic processor for pulse oximeter
US6178342B1 (en) 1993-09-09 2001-01-23 Vasamedics Surface perfusion pressure monitoring system
US5833602A (en) 1993-09-20 1998-11-10 Osemwota; Omoigui Process of continuous noninvasive hemometry
FR2710517B1 (fr) 1993-09-27 1995-12-22 Dior Christian Parfums Procédé d'évaluation de l'état d'hydratation de la peau et appareil destiné à sa mise en Óoeuvre.
US7376453B1 (en) * 1993-10-06 2008-05-20 Masimo Corporation Signal processing apparatus
US5747789A (en) 1993-12-01 1998-05-05 Dynamics Imaging, Inc. Method for investigation of distribution of physiological components in human body tissues and apparatus for its realization
US5645059A (en) 1993-12-17 1997-07-08 Nellcor Incorporated Medical sensor with modulated encoding scheme
JP3464697B2 (ja) 1993-12-21 2003-11-10 興和株式会社 酸素飽和度測定装置
JPH0880288A (ja) 1994-09-14 1996-03-26 Seiko Epson Corp 生体情報計測装置および脈波計測装置
US5701902A (en) 1994-09-14 1997-12-30 Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Spectroscopic burn injury evaluation apparatus and method
US8019400B2 (en) * 1994-10-07 2011-09-13 Masimo Corporation Signal processing apparatus
US5615689A (en) 1994-12-12 1997-04-01 St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Method of predicting body cell mass using bioimpedance analysis
US5692503A (en) 1995-03-10 1997-12-02 Kuenstner; J. Todd Method for noninvasive (in-vivo) total hemoglobin, oxyhemogolobin, deoxyhemoglobin, carboxyhemoglobin and methemoglobin concentration determination
DE19612425C2 (de) 1995-03-31 2000-08-31 Nihon Kohden Corp Apparat zur Messung von Hämoglobinkonzentration
US5758644A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-06-02 Masimo Corporation Manual and automatic probe calibration
US5638816A (en) 1995-06-07 1997-06-17 Masimo Corporation Active pulse blood constituent monitoring
US5645060A (en) 1995-06-14 1997-07-08 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Method and apparatus for removing artifact and noise from pulse oximetry
US5853364A (en) 1995-08-07 1998-12-29 Nellcor Puritan Bennett, Inc. Method and apparatus for estimating physiological parameters using model-based adaptive filtering
US6212424B1 (en) 1998-10-29 2001-04-03 Rio Grande Medical Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and method for determination of the adequacy of dialysis by non-invasive near-infrared spectroscopy
US5827181A (en) 1995-09-07 1998-10-27 Hewlett-Packard Co. Noninvasive blood chemistry measurement method and system
US5995856A (en) 1995-11-22 1999-11-30 Nellcor, Incorporated Non-contact optical monitoring of physiological parameters
TW314460B (zh) 1995-11-30 1997-09-01 Moritex Kk
AU3583297A (en) * 1996-06-27 1998-01-14 Falcon Medical, Inc. Motion artifact resistant oximeter using three wavelengths
US5842981A (en) 1996-07-17 1998-12-01 Criticare Systems, Inc. Direct to digital oximeter
US6163715A (en) * 1996-07-17 2000-12-19 Criticare Systems, Inc. Direct to digital oximeter and method for calculating oxygenation levels
US6544193B2 (en) 1996-09-04 2003-04-08 Marcio Marc Abreu Noninvasive measurement of chemical substances
US6120460A (en) 1996-09-04 2000-09-19 Abreu; Marcio Marc Method and apparatus for signal acquisition, processing and transmission for evaluation of bodily functions
US5830139A (en) 1996-09-04 1998-11-03 Abreu; Marcio M. Tonometer system for measuring intraocular pressure by applanation and/or indentation
GB9702018D0 (en) 1997-01-31 1997-03-19 Univ London Determination of the ratio of optical absorbtion coefficients at different wavelengths in a scattering medium
US6149591A (en) 1997-02-21 2000-11-21 Duke University Refractometric devices especially adapted for the in vivo detection of refractive indices of cervical mucus
US6487439B1 (en) 1997-03-17 2002-11-26 Victor N. Skladnev Glove-mounted hybrid probe for tissue type recognition
US6002952A (en) 1997-04-14 1999-12-14 Masimo Corporation Signal processing apparatus and method
US5788643A (en) 1997-04-22 1998-08-04 Zymed Medical Instrumentation, Inc. Process for monitoring patients with chronic congestive heart failure
GB2328279B (en) 1997-08-12 2001-10-10 Abbott Lab Optical glucose detector
DE69940053D1 (de) 1998-02-05 2009-01-22 Hema Metrics Inc Verfahren und vorrichtung zur nicht-invasiven beobachtung von blutbestandteilen
US6125297A (en) 1998-02-06 2000-09-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States National Aeronautics And Space Administration Body fluids monitor
JPH11244266A (ja) 1998-02-27 1999-09-14 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 生体表層組織の分析方法及び生体表層組織の分析装置
US6662030B2 (en) * 1998-05-18 2003-12-09 Abbott Laboratories Non-invasive sensor having controllable temperature feature
US6241663B1 (en) 1998-05-18 2001-06-05 Abbott Laboratories Method for improving non-invasive determination of the concentration of analytes in a biological sample
JP2000083933A (ja) * 1998-07-17 2000-03-28 Nippon Koden Corp 生体組織中吸光物質濃度測定装置
US6671526B1 (en) 1998-07-17 2003-12-30 Nihon Kohden Corporation Probe and apparatus for determining concentration of light-absorbing materials in living tissue
US6280396B1 (en) 1998-08-03 2001-08-28 American Weights And Measures Apparatus and method for measuring body composition
EP1104254A2 (en) * 1998-08-13 2001-06-06 Whitland Research Limited Optical device
US6949081B1 (en) 1998-08-26 2005-09-27 Non-Invasive Technology, Inc. Sensing and interactive drug delivery
US6336044B1 (en) 1998-09-11 2002-01-01 Futrex Inc. Reliable body fat measurement in self-service health parameter Measuring system
US6064898A (en) 1998-09-21 2000-05-16 Essential Medical Devices Non-invasive blood component analyzer
DE19855521A1 (de) 1998-12-02 2000-06-08 Tracoe Medizine Ges Fuer Tubus mit abgedichteter Manschette
US6438399B1 (en) 1999-02-16 2002-08-20 The Children's Hospital Of Philadelphia Multi-wavelength frequency domain near-infrared cerebral oximeter
US6675031B1 (en) * 1999-04-14 2004-01-06 Mallinckrodt Inc. Method and circuit for indicating quality and accuracy of physiological measurements
EP1171030B1 (en) 1999-04-20 2006-11-02 Nova Technology Corporation Method and apparatus for measuring relative hydration of a substrate
US6402690B1 (en) 1999-04-23 2002-06-11 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Isolating ring sensor design
DE19923658A1 (de) 1999-05-22 2000-11-23 Infralytic Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Messen des Organisationsgrades von Wasser in Säugetierkörpern
US6678643B1 (en) * 1999-06-28 2004-01-13 Advantest Corp. Event based semiconductor test system
US6442408B1 (en) 1999-07-22 2002-08-27 Instrumentation Metrics, Inc. Method for quantification of stratum corneum hydration using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy
US6512936B1 (en) 1999-07-22 2003-01-28 Sensys Medical, Inc. Multi-tier method of classifying sample spectra for non-invasive blood analyte prediction
US6475800B1 (en) 1999-07-22 2002-11-05 Instrumentation Metrics, Inc. Intra-serum and intra-gel for modeling human skin tissue
US6675029B2 (en) 1999-07-22 2004-01-06 Sensys Medical, Inc. Apparatus and method for quantification of tissue hydration using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy
DE60038303T2 (de) 1999-07-28 2009-05-20 AMO Manufacturing USA, LLC, Santa Clara Hydrations- und topographiemessungen von gewebe für die laserformung
US7904139B2 (en) * 1999-08-26 2011-03-08 Non-Invasive Technology Inc. Optical examination of biological tissue using non-contact irradiation and detection
EP1214577A1 (en) 1999-08-31 2002-06-19 CME Telemetrix Inc. Method for determination of analytes using nir, adjacent visible spectrum and discrete nir wavelengths
IL132027A0 (en) 1999-09-23 2001-03-19 M B D3 Ltd System and method for detecting dehydration
US20050107676A1 (en) * 2003-03-07 2005-05-19 Acosta George M. Method and apparatus for noninvasive glucose concentration estimation through near-infrared spectroscopy
US6400971B1 (en) 1999-10-12 2002-06-04 Orsense Ltd. Optical device for non-invasive measurement of blood-related signals and a finger holder therefor
JP2001112728A (ja) * 1999-10-15 2001-04-24 Advanced Medical Kk 脈拍計
JP2001149349A (ja) * 1999-11-26 2001-06-05 Nippon Koden Corp 生体用センサ
US6622095B2 (en) 1999-11-30 2003-09-16 Nihon Kohden Corporation Apparatus for determining concentrations of hemoglobins
US6415236B2 (en) 1999-11-30 2002-07-02 Nihon Kohden Corporation Apparatus for determining concentrations of hemoglobins
WO2001045553A1 (en) 1999-12-22 2001-06-28 Orsense Ltd. A method of optical measurements for determining various parameters of the patient's blood
US6594513B1 (en) 2000-01-12 2003-07-15 Paul D. Jobsis Method and apparatus for determining oxygen saturation of blood in body organs
AU2001251654B2 (en) * 2000-04-17 2005-03-03 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Pulse oximeter sensor with piece-wise function
AU2001259258A1 (en) * 2000-05-02 2001-11-12 Cas Medical Systems, Inc. Method for non-invasive spectrophotometric blood oxygenation monitoring
US6635491B1 (en) 2000-07-28 2003-10-21 Abbott Labortories Method for non-invasively determining the concentration of an analyte by compensating for the effect of tissue hydration
JP3699640B2 (ja) 2000-08-01 2005-09-28 株式会社タニタ 多周波生体インピーダンス測定による体水分量状態判定装置
US6600946B1 (en) 2000-08-11 2003-07-29 The Boeing Company Methods and apparatus for quantifying dermal hydration
KR100398362B1 (ko) 2000-09-01 2003-09-19 스펙트론 테크 주식회사 근적외선 분광 분석법에 의한 피부 수분 측정방법 및 장치
IL138683A0 (en) * 2000-09-25 2001-10-31 Vital Medical Ltd Apparatus and method for monitoring tissue vitality parameters
IL138884A (en) * 2000-10-05 2006-07-05 Conmed Corp Pulse oximeter and a method of its operation
US6501974B2 (en) 2001-01-22 2002-12-31 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Compensation of human variability in pulse oximetry
US7657292B2 (en) * 2001-03-16 2010-02-02 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Method for evaluating extracellular water concentration in tissue
US6591122B2 (en) 2001-03-16 2003-07-08 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Device and method for monitoring body fluid and electrolyte disorders
US7239902B2 (en) 2001-03-16 2007-07-03 Nellor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Device and method for monitoring body fluid and electrolyte disorders
US6606509B2 (en) 2001-03-16 2003-08-12 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Method and apparatus for improving the accuracy of noninvasive hematocrit measurements
US8135448B2 (en) 2001-03-16 2012-03-13 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Systems and methods to assess one or more body fluid metrics
US6488677B1 (en) 2001-05-10 2002-12-03 Thermal Technologies, Inc. System for quantifying edema
SG126677A1 (en) 2001-06-26 2006-11-29 Meng Ting Choon Method and device for measuring blood sugar level
IL145445A (en) * 2001-09-13 2006-12-31 Conmed Corp A method for signal processing and a device for improving signal for noise
US6950699B1 (en) 2001-12-12 2005-09-27 Brain Child Foundation Water content probe
JP4031438B2 (ja) * 2002-02-14 2008-01-09 俊徳 加藤 生体機能診断装置
WO2003071939A1 (en) * 2002-02-22 2003-09-04 Masimo Corporation Active pulse spectraphotometry
DE10213692B4 (de) 2002-03-27 2013-05-23 Weinmann Diagnostics Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Steuerung einer Vorrichtung und Vorrichtung zur Messung von Inhaltsstoffen im Blut
US6690958B1 (en) * 2002-05-07 2004-02-10 Nostix Llc Ultrasound-guided near infrared spectrophotometer
US6711425B1 (en) * 2002-05-28 2004-03-23 Ob Scientific, Inc. Pulse oximeter with calibration stabilization
JP3905005B2 (ja) * 2002-09-18 2007-04-18 富士通株式会社 携帯型機器及び半導体集積回路装置
JP4352315B2 (ja) 2002-10-31 2009-10-28 日本光電工業株式会社 信号処理方法/装置及びそれを用いたパルスフォトメータ
US7027849B2 (en) * 2002-11-22 2006-04-11 Masimo Laboratories, Inc. Blood parameter measurement system
US7006856B2 (en) * 2003-01-10 2006-02-28 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Signal quality metrics design for qualifying data for a physiological monitor
JP4284674B2 (ja) 2003-01-31 2009-06-24 日本光電工業株式会社 血中吸光物質濃度測定装置
US7206621B2 (en) * 2003-08-27 2007-04-17 Nihon Kohden Corporation Pulse oximeter
US20050267346A1 (en) 2004-01-30 2005-12-01 3Wave Optics, Llc Non-invasive blood component measurement system
WO2005077260A1 (en) 2004-02-12 2005-08-25 Biopeak Corporation Non-invasive method and apparatus for determining a physiological parameter
US7039538B2 (en) * 2004-03-08 2006-05-02 Nellcor Puritant Bennett Incorporated Pulse oximeter with separate ensemble averaging for oxygen saturation and heart rate
US7277741B2 (en) 2004-03-09 2007-10-02 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Pulse oximetry motion artifact rejection using near infrared absorption by water
US7551950B2 (en) * 2004-06-29 2009-06-23 O2 Medtech, Inc,. Optical apparatus and method of use for non-invasive tomographic scan of biological tissues
US7343186B2 (en) * 2004-07-07 2008-03-11 Masimo Laboratories, Inc. Multi-wavelength physiological monitor
US7392075B2 (en) 2005-03-03 2008-06-24 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Method for enhancing pulse oximetry calculations in the presence of correlated artifacts

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102647941A (zh) * 2009-10-06 2012-08-22 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 用于执行光电容积描记的方法和系统
CN102647941B (zh) * 2009-10-06 2015-11-25 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 用于执行远程光电容积描记的方法和系统
US10271746B2 (en) 2009-10-06 2019-04-30 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Method and system for carrying out photoplethysmography
CN101972148A (zh) * 2010-11-19 2011-02-16 哈尔滨工业大学 基于经验模态分解的近红外脑功能检测的扰动消除方法
CN104507381A (zh) * 2012-06-18 2015-04-08 皇家飞利浦有限公司 光电体积描记设备和方法
CN105979861A (zh) * 2014-02-12 2016-09-28 皇家飞利浦有限公司 用于基于反射和透射的光来确定对象的生命体征的设备、系统和方法
CN106456029A (zh) * 2014-05-21 2017-02-22 皇家飞利浦有限公司 用于无创地确定对象的红细胞比容值的设备和方法
CN106456029B (zh) * 2014-05-21 2019-11-26 皇家飞利浦有限公司 用于无创地确定对象的红细胞比容值的设备和方法
CN106659392A (zh) * 2014-07-22 2017-05-10 皇家飞利浦有限公司 非侵扰式皮肤组织水合确定设备及相关的方法
CN106560156A (zh) * 2015-10-01 2017-04-12 硅谷实验室公司 使用差分传感器的体积描记心率监测降噪

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2558643A1 (en) 2005-09-22
EP1729633A1 (en) 2006-12-13
US8195263B2 (en) 2012-06-05
WO2005087098A1 (en) 2005-09-22
US20070106137A1 (en) 2007-05-10
KR20070013277A (ko) 2007-01-30
AU2005221673A1 (en) 2005-09-22
US8175670B2 (en) 2012-05-08
US20050203357A1 (en) 2005-09-15
CA2558643C (en) 2013-07-23
US20080009690A1 (en) 2008-01-10
JP2007528276A (ja) 2007-10-11
EP1729633B1 (en) 2013-02-27
MXPA06010318A (es) 2007-04-13
US7277741B2 (en) 2007-10-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1946336A (zh) 使用水对近红外线的吸收的脉冲血氧计运动伪影消除
Ferrari et al. Near infrared brain and muscle oximetry: from the discovery to current applications
Bagha et al. A real time analysis of PPG signal for measurement of SpO2 and pulse rate
Venema et al. Advances in reflective oxygen saturation monitoring with a novel in-ear sensor system: results of a human hypoxia study
US20180146902A1 (en) Active-pulse blood analysis system
EP2403398B1 (de) Diagnostische messvorrichtung
US8694067B2 (en) Sensor, apparatus and method for non-invasively monitoring blood characteristics of a subject
EP0613652A2 (en) Apparatus and method for non-invasive measurement of oxygen saturation
US20110029247A1 (en) Exponential Sampling Of Red And Infrared Signals
KR101746307B1 (ko) 혈액 중의 산소 포화도 측정 방법 및 시스템
WO2008061788A1 (de) Medizinische messvorrichtung
AU2005232600A1 (en) Photoplethysmography with a spatially homogenous multi-color source
CN209899402U (zh) 反射式血氧仪
JP2005198787A (ja) 心理状態評価装置、心理状態評価方法
Alharbi et al. An applicable approach for extracting human heart rate and oxygen saturation during physical movements using a multi-wavelength illumination optoelectronic sensor system
JP2019505275A (ja) 血液中に存在する化合物の濃度を測定するための装置及び方法
US20140187884A1 (en) Systems and methods for ensemble averaging in pulse oximetry
CN109890287B (zh) 无创测定血液中血红蛋白浓度和氧浓度的方法
Mykhailova et al. Application of the photoplethysmography technique to complex wireless diagnostic the functional state of the human body
Timm et al. Sensor System Concept for Non-Invasive Blood Diagnosis
Cysewska-Sobusiak et al. Examples of transillumination techniques used in medical measurements and imaging
Cheang Feasibility of non-contact photoplethysmography
CN113974616A (zh) 一种血氧检测方法、装置及指环
이종민 Development of Optical Biomedical Signal Monitoring Module for Unconstrained Pulse Oxymetry and Portable fNIRS
WO2014052040A2 (en) Noninvasive absolute oximetry of brain tissue

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C02 Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001)
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication