CN1991238B - 手术灯 - Google Patents

手术灯 Download PDF

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CN1991238B
CN1991238B CN2006101719421A CN200610171942A CN1991238B CN 1991238 B CN1991238 B CN 1991238B CN 2006101719421 A CN2006101719421 A CN 2006101719421A CN 200610171942 A CN200610171942 A CN 200610171942A CN 1991238 B CN1991238 B CN 1991238B
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operating lamp
energy value
module
light
lighting device
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CN1991238A (zh
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鲁道夫·玛尔卡
马库斯·福格尔
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Trumpf Medizin Systeme GmbH and Co KG
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Trumpf Kreuzer Medizin Systeme GmbH and Co KG
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V23/00Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
    • F21V23/04Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/30Devices for illuminating a surgical field, the devices having an interrelation with other surgical devices or with a surgical procedure
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/20Controlling the colour of the light
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V21/00Supporting, suspending, or attaching arrangements for lighting devices; Hand grips
    • F21V21/02Wall, ceiling, or floor bases; Fixing pendants or arms to the bases
    • F21V21/04Recessed bases
    • F21V21/047Mounting arrangements with fastening means engaging the inner surface of a hole in a ceiling or wall, e.g. for solid walls or for blind holes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21WINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/20Lighting for medical use
    • F21W2131/205Lighting for medical use for operating theatres
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21YINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2113/00Combination of light sources
    • F21Y2113/10Combination of light sources of different colours
    • F21Y2113/13Combination of light sources of different colours comprising an assembly of point-like light sources
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21YINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30Driver circuits
    • H05B45/32Pulse-control circuits
    • H05B45/325Pulse-width modulation [PWM]

Abstract

一种手术灯(1),其包括:用于照明手术场所的至少一个白色的(10a)和几个有色的(10b,10c)照明装置,以及一个用于照明装置(10a,10b,10c)的控制器(15)。提供为照明装置(10a,10b,10c)存储能量值的装置,其中控制器(15)设计为驱动包括几个照明装置(10a,10b,10c)的单个的组。按照手术灯的色温和强度(亮度)的调整来使照明装置启动得以改进。

Description

手术灯
技术领域
本发明涉及一种手术灯,包括用于为手术区域照明的至少一个白色和数个有色照明装置,和用于控制照明装置的一控制器。
背景技术
这种手术灯用于手术室且因此是公知的。
希望控制手术灯关于光辐射表面上的色温、强度和分布的光通量。这种控制如果有,也只能很困难地通过包括传统的诸如卤素或气体放电灯的照明装置的手术灯而实现。当采用单独的照明装置时,卤素或气体放电照明装置的色温在手术期间不能特定地调节,而只能用滤光技术改变。当采用几种昂贵的照明装置时,色温可在一定范围内改变。亮度可以通过孔径调节,而不改变色温。利用电调光在亮度方面的改变同样改变色温。分布仅能通过孔径技术或使用几种昂贵的照明装置来粗调。
发明内容
本发明的基本目的正是改进照明装置的触发以调节手术灯的色温和强度(亮度)。
为了达到上述目的,本发明提出了一种手术灯(1),其包括:用于为手术场所照明的至少一个白色的和几个有色的照明装置,以及一个用于照明装置的控制器,还设有为照明装置存储能量值的装置,并且所述控制器设计为驱动包括几个照明装置的单个的组,其特征在于,分组的标准是照明装置的颜色。
手术灯的色温和强度(亮度)应当是可调节的。为此目的,不同颜色(例如,冷白色、暖白色、青色、蓝色)的发光二极管例如用作然后由可调能量值(即,例如一组照明装置的电流和/或电压)驱动的照明装置。
为了使单个组的照明装置的照明参数标准化,不同照明参数的能量值被储存,分配给各组。
手术灯的色温、手术灯的光强度或者横过发光面的光强度分布更优选被考虑作为照明参数的额定值。多组照明装置可以利用额定值来驱动、控制并且校准。
容易控制的电流强度可能更优选地用作可以通过额定值来控制的能量值或光通量值。电流值可控制电流强度或者是用于脉冲宽度调制以优化驱动的脉冲序列。
照明装置有利地结合于一个或更多模块或结合体。这提供了设计不同的手术灯的可能性。
每个模块或每个结合体可被分配至一存储装置(EPROM)。此外,可提供数据至手术灯中心控制器的传送。这有利地简化了用于修复工作的模块交换。通过为每个模块存储数据,可以安装具有相同的照明性能的更换模块。甚至在中心控制器被更换后,确保利用其校准值来对灯进行操作。
附图说明
示意性的附图示出了利用附图来解释的发明的优选实施例。
图1比较详细地示出了手术灯光模块的构造;
图2示出了该手术灯;
图3示出了用于该手术灯的操作装置的操作区域。
具体实施方式
可结合于手术灯的所有单个光模块,例如图1中所示的光模块6a,每个都由一个罩9连同用于连接邻近的光模块的机械的和/或电的或电子的连接元件或连接器组成。光模块的形状设计为使它们可以布置在典型的半径为1000mm的球面上而没有缝隙。为此,光模块为六边形的形状。当它们被装配时,形成一种蜂窝或小平面(facette)结构。面对操作位置的光模块表面,不是必要地需要是平的,而可能略微地凹入以更好地再现球面的曲率。光模块6a的光轴通常面对球面的焦点。
不同光区域形状可以通过利用改变的入射角彼此邻接地布置光模块而产生。中间元件也可以用于此连接。一些发光二极管,大约10到50个发光二极管,在光模块6a中布置为均匀分布,在图1中仅示出其中的3个,参考标记为10a至10c。阴影的排列由平面发射的光优化。为此目的,每个发出近乎点状光的发光二极管定位于合适的光学元件,如透镜11a至11c(由虚线表示的例如是发光二极管光束12a至12c)。透镜元件11a至11c的形状设计为它们更好地填充光模块6a直至其边缘。透镜元件11a至11c可另外具有散射结构以给光区域提供更多均匀性。光模块的下面5可以由透明盘覆盖。
单个的光模块6a一起形成了具有大约4500K的色温和Ra>93的色彩再现率的光源,以再现例如将在其上进行手术的组织的自然颜色。因此,除了发光二极管10a产生白光之外,还使用发光二极管10b产生具有第一颜色的有色光,以及发光二极管10c产生具有第二颜色的有色光。通过增加有色光部分如青色和蓝色,仅使用白光发光二极管造成的光谱缺失被部分地补偿。此外,可产生特定颜色的混合以改进手术医师的视野。当白光发光二极管有恒定的亮度时,通过由所有单个的光模块(综合光源(overall light source))组成的综合模块(overall modules)所产生的混合光的色温的和色彩再现率可以通过对有色发光二极管强度进行专门的连续调光(dimming)来可变地调整。发光二极管10a至10c的光通量强度可以连续改变。也可能要求通过匹配所有发光二极管的强度控制保持总的照明强度恒定。
发光二极管10a至10c通过电流线13a至13c与布置在光模块6a内的一个印刷板14连接,并连接至使发光二极管光通量电调光(electric dimming)并可通过操作元件16操作的中心控制器15。
可以可变地控制的手术灯(图2)由例如三个或五个单个的光模块组成,每个光模块具有大约35个不同颜色的发光二极管作为照明装置。每个包括其光学系统在内的单个的发光二极管能够照明整个照明区域,并且因而每个单个的光模块也可以。手术灯的不同光强度和色温可通过以不同方式激活发光二极管来调整。由此单个的光模块在照明区域关于亮度和色温达到同一的光学效果是决定性的。依照本发明,发光二极管组合为几组,每组可以单独驱动。分组布置的标准是发光二极管的颜色和已经超出控制器的最大电流承载能力时发光二极管的数量。单个的组可结合于模块或其它结合体。这些组接着通过中心控制器16来驱动,此时用户可以选择需要的色温、光强度和发光分布。
单个的发光二极管组的每个模块或每个结合体关于光亮度和色温来度量,并校准为相应的额定值。这也补偿了发光二极管在调光时通过减小电流(线性电流控制)改变其色温的效果。此外发光二极管在照射色温和光强度方面具有典型的大产量公差。因此,单个组的能量值必须对每个模块或结合体进行测量以得到要求的额定值。当达到额定值时得出的这些能量值——即为了达到额定值,每组照明装置需要一定能量值——被存储以用于单个组的模块或结合体。能量值表示在该能量上每个单个的组必须被驱动以达到设定的额定值。这个能量值可以是电流值(线性电流控制)或用于脉冲宽度调整以供给发光二极管电流的脉冲序列。对于单个组的设置的结合产生对于色温,强度和分布的额定值所需要的设置。不存储能量而是在操作和随之控制参数的过程中测定发出光的色温和强度也是可能的。
能量值可以存储于中心控制器。然而,这些值有利地空间地或功能性地分配给各组分别的模块或结合体。这可以例如在模块里的印刷板14上实现,其上布置有插入连接器以分送电的供应。可布置存储该组的模块或结合体的值的例如EEPROM(电可擦除可编程序只读存储器)或闪存的存储部件。当手术灯开启时,这些值传输至中心控制器而且模块或结合体以其校准值来操作。
此外温度传感器可配置于或连接于模块里的印刷板,其测量罩内的温度并在温度高于可接受温度的情况下减小光强度,以此降低温度。
色温的基本设置预置于4500K,当手术灯开启时其自动地生成。
图3的操作元件16有一个可移动的键/旋转开关17,可以由按压和旋转来被消毒和发送脉冲至手术灯控制器。当开关17被按压时,手术灯的不同操作状态经过以下函数依次转变:
-开/关(完全关断或待机状态)
-光强度(亮度)
-色温
-照明状况(发射的光的强度分布的选择)
-可选项:照相机驱动(定位、变焦)
开关17确定的渐进旋转通过锁闭位置来促进。这改变了操作状态内的操作参数,其可以显示于操作装置16上。如下的参数存储于控制器内:
光强度:例如,内(10%)/50%/60%/70%/80%/90%/100%
色温:例如,3500K/4000K/4500K/5000K
照明状况:例如,1手术医师/2手术医师/大面积创伤/深而窄的创伤
当无菌的开关17被打开或关断时,待机模式被启用或不启用。在关断期间操作参数被存储,并可进一步显示出来。当手术灯打开时,其采取前次所存储参数的操作状态。
除了开关17,操作装置16还包括另外的开关18,用于完全打开或关闭手术灯。当手术灯打开时,其处于预设参数(基本位置)的状态。操作装置16有一个具有一些发光二极管用来显示手术灯调整亮度的强度的显示器19,一个具有一些发光二极管用来显示调整色温的强度的显示器20,一个用来显示对手术灯用于深创伤或浅创伤的调整的显示器21,和一个用来显示手术灯在光线区域范围内用于一个或更多手术医师的调整的显示器22。
开启状态可以示例如下:
Ww=暖白色
Kw=冷白色
B1=蓝色
Cn=青色

Claims (8)

1.一种手术灯(1),其包括:用于为手术场所照明的至少一个白色的(10a)和几个有色的(10b,10c)照明装置,以及一个用于照明装置(10a,10b,10c)的中央控制器(15),还设有为照明装置(10a,10b,10c)存储能量值的装置,并且所述中央控制器(15)设计为驱动包括几个照明装置(10a,10b,10c)的单个的组,其中该照明装置结合于一个模块或几个模块或结合体,其特征在于,每个模块或结合体均设置有所述存储能量值的装置,且设有传输装置,其将能量值从每个存储装置向中央控制器传输。
2.根据权利要求1的手术灯,其特征在于,能量值能够依赖额定值来确定。
3.根据权利要求2的手术灯,其特征在于,一个额定值是手术灯(1)的色温。
4.根据权利要求2的手术灯,其特征在于,一个额定值是手术灯(1)的光强度。
5.根据权利要求2的手术灯,其特征在于,一个额定值是发光表面(5)上光强度的分布。
6.根据权利要求1的手术灯,其特征在于,一个能量值是电流强度。
7.根据权利要求1的手术灯,其特征在于,一个能量值是用于脉宽调制的脉冲序列。
8.根据权利要求1的手术灯,其特征在于,该存储能量值的装置是一个电可擦除可编程序只读存储器。
CN2006101719421A 2005-11-14 2006-11-14 手术灯 Active CN1991238B (zh)

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HK1104345A1 (en) 2008-01-11
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ATE532000T1 (de) 2011-11-15
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