CN85100424A - 恶性肿瘤固有荧光诊断仪 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种恶性肿瘤固有荧光诊断仪,可快速、简
便、正确、无损伤地诊断恶性肿瘤。紫外光由石
英光导纤维传输到活体组织表面,激发其固有荧
光,并由普通光导纤维接受和传输固有荧光,经
光学和电路处理,显示记录光谱曲线,分析曲线
是否存在恶性肿瘤特征峰即可确诊活体组织是否
存在恶性肿瘤。也可用目测法观察活体组织固有
荧光,根据其色泽诊断恶性肿瘤。可用于临床诊
断体表及体内凡光导纤维可触及部位的恶性肿瘤,
符合率达90%以上。
Description
在已有技术中,日本筑波大学蔡承熹在《日本消化器内视讲学会杂志》Val(26)8Aug 1984的一篇论文“激光激发消化系统荧光光谱分析及荧光物质初探的研究”中,述及他使用波长为5145
的氩离子激光器作为激发光源。直接照射被测离体标本,分析离体标本受激后产生的固有荧光光谱来诊断标本是否存在恶性肿瘤,蔡承熹的诊断方法不能用于诊断胃癌,对于大肠癌只有30%的符合率,这是因为已有技术中氩离子激光器发射的蓝绿色可见光迭加在由它激发的离体标本的属于可见光波段的固有荧光光谱上,因此导致错误的实验结论,影响诊断的正确性,並且他的工作尚停留在实验室阶段,仅作了离体标本的研究,还没有一台完整的恶性肿瘤诊断仪器。
本发明旨在解决已有技术中这一问题,並克服光源能量弱从而诊断灵敏度低的缺点。特别是希望研制出一台能快速、简便、正确且无创伤地用于人体临床诊断各种肿瘤的仪器,以造福广大人民群众。
本发明是对激发固有荧光的光源及光的传输系统作改进而完成的。
图1是恶性肿瘤固有荧光诊断仪结构示意图。由光源系统出射的波长为3000
~4000
的近紫外光通过低损耗石英光导纤维传输到被测的活体组织的表面,激发活体组织,包括正常组织和恶性肿瘤的特征光谱而呈现固有荧光,反射的固有荧光由多股普通玻璃光导纤维传输到分色系统,经过0.5秒自动扫描系统扫描及经过电路系统〔6〕处理,0.5秒内即能由数字显示报警系统数字显示和报警,並由显示记录系统作固有荧光光谱的显示记录,得到被测活体组织固有荧光光谱图。
本发明与现有技术相比,其优点在于选用发射波长为3000
4000
的近紫外光源代替发射波长为5145
的氩离子激光器,激发光能量大大增加,並且光源的发射波长与恶性肿瘤组织的吸收峰值3400
±200
接近,故其灵敏度高,从而诊断符合率也就高,更为重要的是,光源发射的近紫外波段是不可见光,而光源激发的固有荧光是可见光,故由近紫外光源激发的固有荧光光谱为不与光源光谱相迭加的单纯的活体组织本身的特征光谱,所以采用近紫外光源的恶性肿瘤固有荧光诊断仪诊断恶性肿瘤的符合率很高。它能够诊断出粘膜或粘膜下层1~2mm厚度的恶性肿瘤,对于早期诊断意义重大。
此外,仪器采用了柔软的光导纤维传输激发光和固有荧光,因而操作方便,灵活自如,不仅能诊断人体体表的恶性肿瘤,而且还能诊断内窥镜能达到的人体体腔内部的恶性肿瘤以及在手术过程中暴露于视野内的恶性肿瘤,用以指导医师确定肿瘤的部位及范围。
此仪器由于快速、无损、操作简便,符合率高,可广泛用于恶性肿瘤的临床诊断和普查。
上海长宁区中心医院、上海市肿瘤医院、上海第一医学院附属妇产科医院等大家医院使用此仪器对406例各种恶性肿瘤患者作了验证,其符合率达90%以上。
下面是本发明的一个最佳实施例。
图4是本实施例的光源系统及光传输系统示意图。
在本实施例中,用汞灯〔10〕及反光碗〔11〕固定在一个可调节支架〔12〕上,反光碗〔11〕将汞灯〔10〕发射的光通过调节支架〔12〕聚焦于4-12片每片厚度为1~2mm的迭加在一起的紫外光滤色片组〔13〕的中心,经过滤色片组〔13〕成为单色性极佳的3650
的激发光,与最佳工作波段3400
±200
甚为接近。
传输激发光的光导纤维〔2〕由低损耗的多股石英光导纤维组成,它将激发光传输到活体组织〔3〕的表面。传输固有荧光的光导纤维〔4〕由多股普通光导纤维组成,它的输入与活体组织〔3〕表面垂直,並与传输激发光的光导纤维〔2〕的输出端在固定架〔15〕内固定成45°夹角。一个与固定架〔15〕形状,大小近似的外罩〔16〕紧密地罩在固定架〔15〕的外面,它控制传输激发光的光导纤维〔2〕的输出端和传输固有荧光的光导纤维〔4〕的输入端与被测组织表面相距2-10mm。使用时,外罩〔16〕下端紧贴被测组织表面,每使用一次,调换一只外罩,以免仪器多次接触活体组织引起的交叉感染。
光源系统〔1〕激发的活体组织固有荧光由多股普通光导纤维〔4〕传输到分色系统,再经过0.5秒自动扫描系统和电路系统处理后,由显示记录系统显示或记录固有荧光光谱图。若被测活体组织〔3〕含恶性肿瘤,则光谱图除了在4000
~4800
有一个峰外,在6000
~6900
还有一个恶性肿瘤的特征峰,仪器同时作数字显示和报警。
本实施例用汞灯作紫外光源,它比其他紫外光源结构简单、操作维修方便、价格低廉,故便于推广应用。
作为本实施例的一个变换,也可用紫外激光器做光源,它发射的激光注入传输激发光的光导纤维〔2〕的输入端,被传输到活体组织〔3〕表面,激发其固有荧光。用紫外激光器做光源代替汞灯做光源的光源系统,其优点在于它发射能量大,激发固有荧光的效率就高,因而对于处理固有荧光的电路系统要求降低。但紫外激光器的价格远大于汞灯。所以固有荧光诊断仪采用何种光源应视需要和可能而定。紫外激光器可以采用氮激光器、氪激光器、氙激光器或准分子激光器。
作为本实施例的又一种变换,传输激发光的光导纤维〔2〕的输出端和传输固有荧光的光导纤维〔4〕的输入端可以做成同轴式结构,从而减小光导纤维与活体组织的接触面和减小光导纤维所占空间,以利于配合内窥镜作深入体内的诊断。其同轴的长度由被测部位在体腔内的深度而定。
同轴式光导纤维的结构中,传输激发光的光导纤维〔2〕由低损耗石英玻璃制成,传输活体组织固有荧光的光导纤维〔4〕由普通光学玻璃制成。同轴的方式可以是,轴心为传输激发光的光导纤维〔2〕,它由多股的或直径为300μ-600μ的单股光导纤维制成,周围均布多股传输固有荧光的光导纤维〔4〕,或者是轴心为传输固有荧光的光导纤维〔4〕,周围均布多股传输激发光的光导纤维〔2〕。另外,也可以是多股传输固有荧光的光导纤维〔4〕和多股传输激发光的光导纤维〔2〕交叉排列成同轴复合光导纤维。但同轴式结构的光导纤维传输光的效果小于不同轴的光导纤维。故是否采用同轴式结构应应根据需要决定。
Claims (9)
1、一种属于医用诊断仪器的恶性肿瘤固有荧光诊断仪,它包括光源系统[1]、分色系统[5]、电子系统[6]、显示记录系统[7]、0.5秒自动扫描系统[8]、数字显示报警系统[9]。其特征在于,它还包括传输激发光的光导纤维[2]和接受並传输活体组织[3]上反射的固有荧光的光导纤维[4]。光源系统[1]出射的激发光由传输激发光的光导纤维[2]传输到被测的活体组织[3]表面,传输固有荧光光导纤维[4]接受並传输固有荧光到分色系统[5],再经过0.5秒自动扫描系统[8]扫描及经过电子系统[6]处理后,由显示记录系统[7]作固有荧光光谱的显示记录,同时由数字显示报警系统[9]作数字显示和报警。上述的光源系统[1]是激发波长范围在3000
~4000
的近紫外的光源系统。
2、按权利要求1所述的固有荧光光谱分析仪:其特征在于,上述传输光源的激发光的光导纤维〔2〕是由多股低损耗石英光导纤维组成,传输接收到的固有荧光的光导纤维是由多股普通玻璃光导纤维组成,传输固有荧光的光导纤维〔4〕的输入端与活体组织表面垂直並且与传输激发光的光导纤维〔2〕的输出端在固定架〔15〕内固定成45°夹角,传输激发光的光导纤维〔2〕的输出端和传输固有荧光的光导纤维〔4〕的输入端与活体组织〔3〕表面的距离内固定架〔15〕的外罩〔16〕控制在2~10mm。
3、按权利要求1、2所述的固有荧光诊断仪,其特征在于,传输激发光的光导纤维〔2〕的输出端和传输固有荧光的光导纤维〔4〕的输入端可以做成同轴式的结构,同轴的长度视被测部位在体腔内的深度而定。同轴的方式是,轴心为传输激发光的光导纤维〔2〕,它由多股的或直径为300μ~600μ的光导纤维制成,周围均布多股传输固有荧光的光导纤维〔4〕。或者是轴心为多股传输固有荧光的光导纤维〔4〕,周围均布多股传输激发光的光导纤维〔2〕,或者是多股传输固有荧光的光导纤维〔4〕和多股传输激发光的光导纤维〔2〕交叉排列成同轴复合光导纤维。
4、按权利要求1所述的固有荧光诊断仪,其特征在于,光源系统〔1〕包括固定于可调节支架〔12〕上的汞灯〔10〕和反光碗〔11〕,以及固定于框架〔14〕上的滤色片组〔13〕,由可调节支架〔12〕调节汞灯〔10〕和反光碗〔11〕相对于滤色片组〔13〕的距离,将反光碗〔11〕反射的汞灯〔10〕发射光聚焦于滤色片组〔13〕的中心。
5、按权利要求4所述的固有荧光诊断仪,其特征在于,滤色片组〔13〕是由4~12片1~2mm厚的紫外光滤色片迭加在一起组成的。
6、按权利要求1所述的固有荧光诊断仪,其特征在于,光源系统是一个紫外激光器,它可以是氮激光器、氪激光器、氙激光器或准分子激光器。
8、按权利要求1、2、4、5、6所述的固有荧光诊断仪,其特征在于,能用于诊断人体体表的恶性肿瘤和内窥镜能达到的人体体腔内部的恶性肿瘤,以及手术过程中暴露在视野内的恶性肿瘤。
9、按权利要求1所述的固有荧光诊断仪,其特征在于,既可用显示、记录活体组织固有荧光光谱的波谱法诊断恶性肿瘤,也可用肉眼直接观察活体组织受激发射的固有荧光色泽的目测法诊断恶性肿瘤。
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CN85100424A CN85100424B (zh) | 1985-04-01 | 1985-04-01 | 恶性肿瘤固有荧光诊断仪 |
JP61074108A JPS62270132A (ja) | 1985-04-01 | 1986-03-31 | 悪性腫瘍の内因性螢光に対する診断装置 |
US07/212,630 US4957114A (en) | 1985-04-01 | 1988-06-28 | Diagnostic apparatus for intrinsic fluorescence of malignant tumor |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US4957114A (en) | 1990-09-18 |
JPS62270132A (ja) | 1987-11-24 |
JPH0351169B2 (zh) | 1991-08-06 |
CN85100424B (zh) | 1986-10-29 |
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