CN86100712A - 彩色塑料板的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
用于制取至少有一个装饰面的空心容器,其特征在于仅仅通过一个多槽模具同时挤压,首先放置一单色底层,其次至少有一中间装饰层,这一层由不同颜色的纵向并置的色带组成,最后至少是一透明上层,并覆盖在上述中间层上。在上述模具中,将上述各层材料在尽可能靠近模具口处结合成一体。
Description
本发明涉及一种制取热塑材料板的方法,此热塑材料板至少有一个装饰面,装饰面由不同颜色的平行带相互紧密并置而成,并且可以热塑成型,以生产原有装饰不变的空心容器。
作为新的工业产品,本发明也包括任何至少在一个面上有紧密相邻的不同色的平行带构成装饰的热塑材料板。
从生产具有上述板料同样装饰的容器以及特别为包装食品设计的容器来看,本发明还包括这些板料在热塑成型加工中的应用。这一点不述自明。
最后,本发明还包括用上述带色的板料热塑成主要为食品工业设计的容器、包装箱等等。
这样的板料具有多种用途,特别适用于包装工业,因为这种板料特别适于用热塑成型法生产包装盒、储存器,这些包装盒有彩色图案或者在同一套盒子中,每一个盒子有不同的颜色。
要取得这样的效果,特别是在这种特殊的用途中,有人建议使用色带印在上面的塑料板,或者使用色带粘合在上面的塑料板。这两种塑料板都很费钱,其质量也不足以使它们承受热塑成型加工而具有满意的结果。
事实上,在直接把颜色印到板料上的情况下,热塑成型时,板料的延伸和拉长均暴露出不带颜色的部分,露出一条条原来板料的颜色;粘合的色带不仅有同样缺陷,而且还有脱粘的趋势,尤其是当色带的边缘位于成型的包装箱边缘时,情况更是如此。
所以,解决这一问题的办法是,用这种方法制作板料的材料应是能够延伸的和均匀一致的,同时具有一条条不同的颜色。因此,这种方法包括一挤压步骤,将单一的材料或类似的材料和不同的(颜色或性质)相容材料进行挤压,有多少种材料,就有多少贮料池。将这些材料在凝固前就结成一体。
由于材料在凝固前的塑性变形现象,结果在相邻的材料之间产生局部的不能控制的材料迁移,尤其是在相邻的颜色之间产生色移,使两色带之间的界线模糊,而不是清楚和笔直的。
因此,本发明就是要寻找避免这种塑性变形的临界条件。没有这种条件,就不可能得到令人满意的结果,即使是使用一种理论上适用的设备,如申请人在法国专利中,尤其是在No.83,16045专利中所描述的设备,也是如此。
要得到所要求的结果,即在塑料板的至少一个面上具有由一系列不同颜色紧密并置在一起的色带,本发明的方法原则上是:通过一个多槽模具同时进行挤压,一方面放置一单色底层,另一方面至少有一层中间装饰层,此层由不同颜色或材料的纵向并置的条带组成,最后至少有一层透明上层覆盖在上述中间层上,在上述模具中将上述各层材料尽可能在靠近模具口处结合成一体。
虽然本发明包括不同颜色以及相近和相容的不同材料的并置色带的生产。为了更为方便,请参见本方法对不同颜色色带的说明。
实施本方法,可获得满意的效果,并具有以下一些特点:
第一,为了避免相邻色带的材料的塑性变形现象,在将各条带材料结合在一起的瞬时,压力必须尽可能低。要达到这一目的,组成中间层的不同颜色的色带都要相互分开并低于填充体积足够量,形成缓冲区,以此来缓减或缓和挤压压力。
第二,底层、组成中间层的色带和上层的材料相同,上述各层材料的物理条件,即流动性、温度、压力和所引起的紊流现象等等,应该使各层只是单纯的接触,粘合在一起,而各色带材料之间没有任何分离和迁移现象。
当然,对所使用的塑料材料的物理条件的考虑将随材料而变化。然而,就常用的聚苯乙烯的情况来看,下面的比较例将表明所需要量的实际范围,因此,也应属于本发明的范围。
第三,这个方法最好是连续方法。根据这个方法,首先把组成中间层的色带连接在一起。然后,经过一段能使它们满意地结合在一起所需要的最小距离后,把这些色带与上面的透明层结合在一起,最后,将这一整层与底层结合。层与层间没有材料的迁移,尤其是色带与色带间的分离处结合自然。
更一般和更系统地说,本发明的方法还包含两个数字因次条件:
-条带间的相遇点和它们与上面透明层的相遇点间的距离L最大是上述色带厚度的15至40倍左右,最好为20至30倍;
-同样的距离L不得小于上述色带厚度的大约5至10倍,这是让它们融接在一起所要求的最小值。如果不注意这一条件,在中间装饰层色带的分离处(更确切地说是在色带融接较差处),上层透明材料有可能迁移至中间装饰层;
-上层中色带的相遇点和这一整层与底层的相遇点间的距离L′也是最大为上面两层总厚度的15至40倍,最好为20至30倍。
事实上,上述条件结合的结果是:在上述距离L内,两条并置色带间的不同流动性所引起的以一条色带到并置色带的材料迁移现象可忽略不计。
这里应该重复指出的是,无论使用什么样的挤压模具,包括事先已经做了改进的模具,尤其是申请人在法国No.83,16045专利中所讲的挤压模具,如果本方法中所限定的条件得不到满足,就不可能取得满意的结果。
为取得最可能好的结果,这些条件还可以补充-尽可能降低从上述进料体积出口处的每一色带材料的压力梯度。
根据本发明实施此方法,还可包括一些变动:
根据第一种变动:不同颜色的色带的厚度一样,中间层的表面连续而平滑。这是最简单,也是最一般的情况。这样得到的板料,通过热塑成型生产的容器具有平滑的表面,广泛适用于装贮消费产品,如酸乳、新鲜奶酪、牛奶产品和果酱等的包装。
根据第三种变动:色带的厚度不同,在底层或透明层上按不同高度排列。
这样,塑料板对应于不同颜色而有厚薄不同的区域。因此,通过热塑成型所得到的容器将具有加强壁,或者在容器上带有令人感到轻松的图案。如,某些面上带有美观的筋条。
同样,具有一定厚度的并置色带间的相对宽度,可以通过调节每一色带材料在贮料池里的流速来调整。这样的组合板热塑成型后,由于色带的各自宽度,容器就有了美的效果。
正如以上所指出的,这种方法所使用的塑料材料通常为聚苯乙烯。其中间层各色带以及各层的性能和等级(特别是等级)可以不同,不过,一般来说,这种材料具有:
-层的厚度为十分之几毫米。
-色带的宽度从20至30毫米不等。
-距离L和距离L′约为20至50毫米。
下面的比较例清楚地表明了在取得满意结果的前提下,此方法在给定条件下的临介特性,即不同颜色的色带互相之间没有色移现象的塑料板。
实例:
采用多槽模具F,此模具有法国专利No,83,16045中所讲的特点,用下列材料同时进行挤压:
-白色聚苯乙烯底层,宽450毫米,厚0.4毫米,由附图4中的1表示。
-三条同为聚苯乙烯的色带,白色和粉红色相间,每条宽150毫米,厚0.5毫米,由2a、2b、2c表示。
-透明聚苯乙烯上层,宽450毫米,厚0.1毫米,由3表示。
挤压温度(模具温度)为200至220℃。
用制造的模具连续做了三次试验,对应于上述L和L′的值如下:
每一次试验都能得到均匀的组合板,其机械性能是令人满意的。但是,其外观完全不同,如相应的附图中2a和2b两色带的联结区域(以示意、断面和透视说明)。
图1说明本发明的方法。图中数字3表示透明上层,2a和2b表示有色带2a和2b的中间装饰层,数字1表示底层。本图指出了理想的联结区,即沿色带联结线5(或5′)(直而有规则)的垂直面4和沿垂直部分6的横截面。图2说明当距离L太大时,不能象图1的理想情况用平面4具体表示其联结部分;条带2a的材料趋于塑性变形,越过垂直面4,迁移进条带2b;联结线用曲线7表示。其结果是在上一面产生了一个模糊区f,全然不再象图1中理想情形的清爽线条5了。
L值离最大理想值越远(事实上,就是在模具中所停留的时间越长),区域f就越大,即联结区域越模糊。也可以认为,假使2a或2b中有一条是透明材料,只有内部塑性变形,即在色带的厚度里,也会引起同样的缺陷。
图3说明当距离L太短时,色带2a和2b在与透明上层连在一起前还不能很好地融合在一起。其结果是在色带的分离处有透明层3的材料通过理想水平面4′而移入,在上表面出现了一个f′区。虽然它不象图2中的模糊情形,然而,都对材料的质量和外观带来坏的效果。
当然,图1、图2和图3只是大致上的勾画,仅显示了色带的一小部分,使我们能容易地理解本发明及其重要性。
正如前叙部分所说,本发明不仅包括上述方法,也包括由所述方法制得的新的工业产品,诸如至少有一个装饰面的热塑材料片、板等等,此装饰面由不同颜色的平行色带组成,并严密地并列在一起,即色带间没有间隙,色带与色带间没有色移,以及这些产品的一切应用。
因此,在这些应用中,本发明也包括生产容器的片、板材料的热塑成型。这些容器即包装箱或盒、单个的或集体的,特别是食品工业上用的,它们的装饰与所说的板材料的装饰相似。
因此,我们能够生产一系列的包装,其中各个包装的颜色不同,或者这一系列包装与另一系列包装的颜色不同;或者,根据原板材料上色带的宽度,生产由不同颜色的色带装饰的各色包装,从而使产品或者质量具有特色,或使厂家具有特征。
对于新的工业产品来说,本发明还包括有独特颜色的和/或有装饰的包装及其系列,如上述所说明的那样。
Claims (14)
1、用于生产至少有一个装饰面的热塑料板的方法,此装饰面由相互并置在一起的不同颜色的平行色带构成,经热塑成型后,可以生产具有与原来一样装饰的空心容器,其特征在于仅通过一个多槽模具同时挤压,首先放置一单色底层,其次至少有一中间装饰层,这一层由不同颜色的纵向并置的色带组成,最后至少有一透明上层,并覆盖在上述中间层上,在上述模具中,将上述各层材料在尽可能靠近模具口处结合成一体。
2、根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于组成中间层的不同颜色的色带都要相互分开,并低于进料容积足够量,形成缓冲区,以使各色带材料相遇时所受的压力尽可能低。
3、根据权利要求1和权利要求2所讲的方法,其特征在于底层、组成中间层的色带和上层的材料相同,材料和上述各层的物理条件,即流动性、温度、压力和所引起的紊流现象等等应使所说的各层一层融接在一起,即只是互相接触,但材料不分离,也无色带间的迁移。
4、根据权利要求1至权利要求3所讲的方法,其特征在于组成中间层的色带首先结合在一起,然后把这些色带与上面的透明层结合在一起,最后,将这一整层与底层结合,层与层间没有迁移,尤其是条带间的分离处没有迁移。
5、根据权利要求4所讲的方法,其特征在于色带间的相遇点和它们与上面透明层的相遇点间的距离L最大约为上述色带厚度的15至40倍,最好为20至30倍。
6、根据权利要求4所讲的方法,其特征在于色带和上层的相遇点和这一整层与底层的相遇点间的距离L′也是最大约为上面两层总厚度的15至40倍,最好为20至30倍。
7、根据权利要求5所讲的方法,其特征在于上述距离L内,两条并置色带间的不同流动性所引起的从一色带到并置色带的材料的迁移现象可忽略不计。
8、根据权利要求2所讲的方法,其特征在于从进料容器起,每一层材料在出口处的压力梯度要尽可能低。
9、根据权利要求1至权利要求8中任何一项所讲的方法,其特征在于不同颜色色带的厚度一样,中间层的表面连续而平滑。
10、根据权利要求1至权利要求8中任何一项所讲的方法,其特征在于色带的厚度不同,色带在底层或透明上层上高度不同。
11、根据权利要求1至权利要求10中任何一项所讲的方法,其特征在于具有一定厚度的并列色带的相对宽度可以通过调节每一色带材料在贮料池里的流速来调整。
12、根据上述任何一项权利要求所讲的方法,其特征在于:
-塑料材料为聚苯乙烯,中间层色带之间和各层之间的性能,尤其是其等级可以多种多样;
-层的厚度为十分之几毫米;
-色带的宽度从20至300毫米不等;
-距离L和距离L′约为20至50毫米。
13、至少有一装饰面的热塑材料板,这一装饰面由不同颜色的平行色带构成,其特征在于它是采用根据权利要求1至权利要求12所讲的方法得到的。
14、特别适合于礼品和包装食品的容器,其特征在于,它们是根据权利要求13热塑成型有装饰的热塑板制得的,可以是单独的产品,或者是系列产品。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8515621A FR2588797B1 (fr) | 1985-10-18 | 1985-10-18 | Procede pour la fabrication d'une feuille plastique multicolore |
FR85/15621 | 1985-10-18 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN86100712A true CN86100712A (zh) | 1987-08-12 |
Family
ID=9324061
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN198686100712A Pending CN86100712A (zh) | 1985-10-18 | 1986-01-29 | 彩色塑料板的制备方法 |
Country Status (19)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4753766A (zh) |
JP (1) | JPS6299128A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR870003865A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN86100712A (zh) |
AU (1) | AU5423986A (zh) |
BE (1) | BE903677A (zh) |
DE (1) | DE3542244A1 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK521485A (zh) |
ES (1) | ES8605193A1 (zh) |
FR (1) | FR2588797B1 (zh) |
GB (1) | GB2181987A (zh) |
GR (1) | GR852915B (zh) |
IT (1) | IT1203523B (zh) |
LU (1) | LU86161A1 (zh) |
MC (1) | MC1739A1 (zh) |
NL (1) | NL8503276A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO854861L (zh) |
PT (1) | PT81578B (zh) |
SE (1) | SE8604413L (zh) |
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-
1985
- 1985-10-18 FR FR8515621A patent/FR2588797B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1985-11-12 DK DK521485A patent/DK521485A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1985-11-12 LU LU86161A patent/LU86161A1/fr unknown
- 1985-11-20 BE BE2/60848A patent/BE903677A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-11-22 ES ES549192A patent/ES8605193A1/es not_active Expired
- 1985-11-27 NL NL8503276A patent/NL8503276A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1985-11-29 PT PT81578A patent/PT81578B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-11-29 DE DE19853542244 patent/DE3542244A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1985-12-03 NO NO854861A patent/NO854861L/no unknown
- 1985-12-04 GR GR852915A patent/GR852915B/el unknown
- 1985-12-06 US US06/806,281 patent/US4753766A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-12-13 KR KR1019850009382A patent/KR870003865A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1985-12-19 GB GB08531258A patent/GB2181987A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1985-12-23 JP JP60290292A patent/JPS6299128A/ja active Pending
-
1986
- 1986-01-10 IT IT67017/86A patent/IT1203523B/it active
- 1986-01-29 CN CN198686100712A patent/CN86100712A/zh active Pending
- 1986-02-28 AU AU54239/86A patent/AU5423986A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1986-03-27 MC MC861830A patent/MC1739A1/xx unknown
- 1986-10-17 SE SE8604413A patent/SE8604413L/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES549192A0 (es) | 1986-04-01 |
KR870003865A (ko) | 1987-05-04 |
PT81578A (fr) | 1985-12-01 |
IT8667017A0 (it) | 1986-01-10 |
DE3542244A1 (de) | 1987-04-23 |
GB8531258D0 (en) | 1986-01-29 |
NL8503276A (nl) | 1987-05-18 |
MC1739A1 (fr) | 1987-02-26 |
LU86161A1 (fr) | 1986-03-24 |
AU5423986A (en) | 1987-04-30 |
FR2588797A1 (fr) | 1987-04-24 |
DK521485A (da) | 1987-04-19 |
SE8604413D0 (sv) | 1986-10-17 |
SE8604413L (sv) | 1987-04-19 |
DK521485D0 (da) | 1985-11-12 |
PT81578B (pt) | 1992-08-31 |
NO854861L (no) | 1987-04-21 |
FR2588797B1 (fr) | 1988-07-22 |
GR852915B (zh) | 1986-04-07 |
ES8605193A1 (es) | 1986-04-01 |
US4753766A (en) | 1988-06-28 |
GB2181987A (en) | 1987-05-07 |
IT1203523B (it) | 1989-02-15 |
JPS6299128A (ja) | 1987-05-08 |
BE903677A (fr) | 1986-03-14 |
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