DE10128548A1 - Exhaust gas cleaner, especially for IC motor exhaust, has particle filter and catalyst insert for each flow direction through housing, which can be installed easily in difficult locations - Google Patents

Abstract

An exhaust gas cleaning system (1), especially for the exhaust from an internal combustion motor, has at least one cleaning insert (15,16) in a housing between the inflow/outflow connections (2,3) at one side and the gas flow deflection zone (13) at the other end of the housing. The gas flow deflection zone gives two separate flow zones in opposite directions, with a cleaning insert for each of the two flow directions (8,9) through the housing. At least one cleaning insert (15) is a particle filter, especially for the separation of soot, and the other insert (16) is a catalyst, with a dividing wall (10) between them.

Description

The invention relates to an exhaust gas purification device for Internal combustion engines, especially one in the exhaust line of Internal combustion engines for automotive exhaust gas cleaning gung device, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Exhaust gas cleaning devices find for stationary as well as for mobile internal combustion engines, especially for as Part of the drive train of motor vehicles continued use of internal combustion engines, namely in the form of Catalysts and / or soot filters. The one for the internal combustion engine available space is often cramped, and often additional in use due to installation conditions limited. These circumstances come in particular for vehicles to carry, which, based on a given benes design, retrofitted with internal combustion engines different sizes and where the up space for the internal combustion engine increasingly additional is used by aggregates, being in connection with the positioning of the aggregate functions, as with for example, the cooling and the like, not affected may be.

These conditions often lead to difficulties and are very difficult cramped and difficult building situations, not least in exhaust gas purification devices that act as a catalyst or Filters, in particular particle filters, are subjected to high thermal loads and because of their heat radiation also for the environment partially represent critical elements and for which also in With regard to the exposure to hot exhaust gases  often positioning near the internal combustion engine, so a so-called "close-to-engine arrangement" is sought.

In connection with the tightening of the exhaust gas regulations and the very large inventory of vehicles, for the more basic ones There is a need for retrofitting to meet these regulations can mean the particulars addressed in particular Rem degree of adjustment difficulties.

The invention has for its object an exhaust gas cleaning Show device for internal combustion engines on Because of their design, the conditions for an adapted use even under difficult installation conditions provides relationships.

This is achieved with an exhaust gas purification device according to claim 1, consequently the exhaust gas purification device ei NEN structure, which in a particularly advantageous manner Integration in exhaust lines possible, and that as across Exhaust system protruding component as well as a component in the course of the exhaust line forming component, the latter in particular the use of otherwise necessary, in particular re U-shaped deflection bends, or when retrofitting exhaust systems against the replacement of such deflection bends by exhaust gas cleaning device enables.

Used as a deflection area in the exhaust line, erfin Exhaust gas purification device according to the invention a particularly space-saving rende solution in particular for the close-to-engine arrangement, wherein a connection option that is particularly advantageous in some cases on the end face to each connected to the outlet nozzle There is a collecting tube, so that there is an extremely close arrangement to the engine results in a structure that also builds up little in the width and the poss offers the exhaust system via the exhaust gas purification pre direction angled offset in height to continue to the manifold ren.  

Especially for vehicle use in conjunction with lengthways built-in motors also offers the solution according to the invention the advantage of housing the exhaust gas purification device in the space between the front of the vehicle and the wheel house, where in such an arrangement according to the invention the exhaust gas cleaning device is laterally projecting to the exhaust line, preferably then to the front end of the Collecting pipe, the Ab gas line on the outlet side, preferably towards the floor area can be led.

Such a solution is in particular also as a retrofit solution suitable, the outflow from the manifold, against the otherwise common in vehicles, above the front End area is done. Such an arrangement is special also advantageous in connection with turbochargers charged engines with the turbocharger in the front end range of the focal arranged in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle engine and, already due to the loader arrangement tion, particularly tight space conditions are given.

In connection with the opposite flow of exhaust gas Cleaning device results in a special for this ders compact design, whereby by the separation, in particular the position of the partition between the opposite flowed also various possibilities for transition areas Placement of the upstream and downstream housing connections stand, which also offer the opportunity to the flowed through Exhaust line length to influence, so without Zu Adjustment costs, for example under vibration technology niche aspects.

The upstream and downstream housing connections are fiction expediently according to a housing-side connection area assigned by a ge to the head-side deflection area opposite bottom part, in particular a bottom shell ge is formed, with a convex shell shape with preferably ring  shaped, especially cylindrical, or oval, designed The central area of the housing is distinguished in an advantageous manner lightest connection positions of the connecting pieces. Ent speaking bowl-shaped also proves to be on the head side Lid as appropriate, the cheap due to its curvature Flow conditions in the deflection area between the opposite fig flows through overflow areas.

With regard to the simplest possible overall structure The lid and base shell should be of the same design so that the housing as a cylindrical body with spherical seg elements, in particular spherical segments formed from the end represents conclusions. The oppositely flowable over Corridors are conveniently separated by a Partition formed, starting from the bottom shell in the area of, especially at the connection level of Dec kels reaches so that between the lid shell and partition there is a free overflow area in which the gas flow from crosses one to the other transition area. The parting wall can also be used to support the cover up to it be guided and correspondingly cut free transition cross have cuts.

It is also within the scope of the invention to provide a short circuit provision between the connections, be it in the form of a external bypass located outside the housing, be it in Form of an internal bypass inside the housing ses, the bypass preferably pressure and / or temperature is controlled pending. The bypass can be arranged internally be assigned to the bottom shell, and z. B. as a cross passage be formed to the partition, or through in the bottom shell Double walls must be integrated. Accordingly, dop fur-shelled other housing areas used as bypass channels are, in particular peripheral wall areas of the housing appropriate position of the connections. In the simplest way can the bypass, the partition as an opening in the area of the Bo interspersed, designed for the bypass  also a simple pressure controlled, temperature controlled or otherwise controlled flap control is possible. As part of The invention also includes solutions in which the partition is configured as a double-walled channel, in particular can flow parallel to the transition areas.

In the context of the invention it is advantageous to use the partition as Arrange the diagonal wall so that there are the same cross sections for the transition areas result. Especially if the Transitional areas are used differently, e.g. B. one the transition areas are covered with a particle filter, and the other with a catalyst, but can also under different cross-sectional sizes for the transition areas be expedient, preferably the one with the particle filter occupied transition area has a larger cross section than the cross-sectional area covered by the catalyst and preferably the flow from the particle filter to the Catalyst takes place, but also a flow in counter direction lies within the scope of the invention.

It is also within the scope of the invention to use both transition areas with a catalyst or with a particle filter gene, the parting in such an embodiment wall function also in the respective, as a catalyst or par particle filter acting matrix can be included, be it in Form of one inserted into and connected to the matrix NEN partition, be it in the form of an appropriately closed trained transverse plane of the matrix.

A preferred use of the exhaust gas purification device is used as a pre-catalytic converter, the sub-engine close to the engine thinking catalyst is upstream.

Further details and features of the invention emerge from the claims. Furthermore, the invention is set forth below hand explained in more detail by exemplary embodiments. Show it:  

Fig. 1 is a schematic view, partially in section, of an exhaust gas purification device according to the invention,

Fig. 2 to 4 schematic illustrations of a Abgasreinigungsvorrich processing according to the invention, the presence, the position and outflow-side housing connections veranschauli Chen, wherein the exhaust gas purifying apparatus is illustrated as transversely to the exhaust line,

Fig. 5 and 6, another schematic representation of a gas purifying device from where the exhaust gas cleaning constriction device quasi than deflection arc in the gas line from lying down, replaces an elbow,

Fig. 7 is a schematic representation of an engine compartment of a vehicle with the internal combustion engine lying in the vehicle longitudinal direction and between the vehicle front and wheel house exhaust gas cleaning device, only one half of the engine compartment is shown, and

Fig. 8 to 10 different schematic representations for bypass arrangements in the transition between the housing connections sen.

In the highly schematic representation according to FIG. 1, the exhaust gas cleaning device is designated in its entirety by 1, and its connections to an exhaust line of an internal combustion engine, not shown, of the upstream connection to 2 and the downstream connection to 3, the position of the connections shown 2 and 3 illustrates that there are by their shape and design of various possibilities for placement of the exhaust gas purification device 1 relative to the exhaust gas system, in which the exhaust gas purification device 1 can assume different cross plies the exhaust system. A wide variety of installation options can thus be realized as such without intervention in the exhaust gas purification device 1 , as will be shown in more detail below with reference to FIGS . 2 to 6.

The terminals 2 and 3 are in the representation according to Fig. 1 the bottom shell 4 of the housing 5 of the Abgasreinigungseinrich device 1 associated with the housing 5 to the tray 4 has opposite a lid 6 and base shell 4 and cover 6 connecting a sheath 7, wherein The jacket 7 in the exemplary embodiment has a cylindrical shape, but can also have different shapes from it, that is to say in particular it can be oval.

The cover 6 , like the base shell 4 , is convexly curved outwards and in particular is designed as a spherical segment, so that the housing 5 has a simple and easy-to-produce basic shape.

The connections 2 and 3 open out on transition areas 8 and 9 , which are delimited from one another by a partition 10 and, as illustrated by the arrows 11 and 12 , are flowed through in opposite directions by the exhaust gas, the transition regions 8 and 9 being head-end via one of the Cover 6 limited deflection area 13 are connected to each other, in which the exhaust gas, as illustrated by the arrow 14 , is U-shaped deflected.

The partition 10 can, as indicated, also be designed between the transition areas 8 and 9 as a structurally housing-side vorese hene partition, in particular support wall, or as an insert between the respective cleaning inserts 15 , 16 or by the design of the cleaning inserts 15 , 16 itself be, for example, by forming them closed with respect to their mutually facing surfaces.

The transition regions 8 and 9 are occupied by cleaning inserts 15 and 16 , of which the cleaning insert 15 assigned to the upstream transition region 8 is designed as a particle filter and the one assigned to the downstream deflection region 9 is designed as a catalyst. A corresponding reverse flow can be appropriate in some cases. It is also within the scope of the invention to occupy both transition areas 8 and 9 with cleaning inserts designed as a catalyst or as a particle filter. The respective cleaning insert can be designed in the usual way, for example in the form of ceramic or metallic honeycomb bodies, as are known for such purposes. If necessary, one of the transition areas 8 or 9 can also be designed as an "empty pipe", for example with regard to country-specific retrofitting options.

In the exemplary embodiment, apart from the design of the connections 2 , 3, a basically symmetrical structure of the gas cleaning device 1 is illustrated, the partition wall 10 forming a closed transverse median plane, which is only open in the deflection area 13 (arrow 14 ). The design of the deflection areas, in shape as well as in length, can also take place in such a way that the function of a silencer volume is taken over.

It is also within the scope of the invention to make the cross sections of the transition areas 8 and 9 different, in particular to make them different in size, depending on the required cleaning capacity of the respective cleaning insert 15 or 16 or in different cross-sectional shapes, for. B. in adaptation to installation space conditions. Correspondingly, different cross-sectional shapes are also possible for the housing 5 , production-specific, in particular, regular shapes, for example circular or oval cross-sections, being sought.

The connections 2 and 3 are assigned to the bottom shell 4 in FIG. 2 and open essentially as an extension of the transition regions 8 and 9 respectively. Within the scope of the invention, however, there are also other designs of the housing-side connection area, for example laterally radial or laterally tangential openings of the connections 2 , 3 , a connection area for this purpose being able to be laterally delimited, for example, by a section of man which is closed at the bottom and which is closed with respect to it bottom end ses axial distance from the respective cleaning insert.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic of an exhaust gas purification device 1 which corresponds in its basic structure to that according to FIG. 1 and is therefore used with reference to the same reference numerals. In addition to the representation according to FIG. 1, the line paths 17 and 18 of the exhaust line, with which the connections 2 , 3 are connected, are indicated. In particular, the schematic representation according to FIG. 2 illustrates the laterally protruding arrangement of the exhaust gas purification device 1 to the exhaust line, symbolically illustrated by the broken line 19 .

Fig. 3 in conjunction with Fig. 2 shows a fundamentally symmetrical position of the exhaust gas purification device 1 to the gas line 19 , and it can be seen in Fig. 3 in particular that an exhaust gas cleaning device 1 can be easily integrated into an exhaust line 19 , and indeed subsequently as part of a retrofit or retrofit.

Particularly in the context of such interventions, but also in the design of an exhaust line, there may be a need for length adjustments with regard to the line routes. Fig. 4 shows a relevant way, with respect to the longitudinal extension of the exhaust line - symbolically in turn illustrated by the chain line 19 - an overlap of adjoining the terminals 2 and 3 line paths 20, 21 is shown and wherein the partition wall 10 regions between the transition 8 and 9 and the connections 2 and 3 assigned to them run diagonally to the exhaust line 19 .

Fig. 2 illustrates, similarly to the initial situation in Fig. 1, a cantilevered to the exhaust line 19 position of the exhaust gas cleaning constriction device 1, wherein the exhaust gas purification device 1 be züglich the partition wall 10 and the opposite through-flow transition regions lies transversely to the exhaust line 19. Within the scope of the invention it is also possible, which is not shown here, to arrange an exhaust gas cleaning device laterally offset from the gas line, but in such a way that the transition regions 8 and 9 and the partition wall 10 in their extent between the base shell 4 and the cover 6 in 2 are essentially in the direction of the gas line 19 , a position which would correspond to the position shown in FIG. 2 corresponding to a pivoted position in the plane of the exhaust gas cleaning device 1 .

In contrast to the laterally offset arrangement of the exhaust gas cleaning constriction device 1, as shown with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4 above, he explained, Figs. 5 and 6 an embodiment in which the exhaust gas purifying device of U-shaped curved 30 in an in approximation, dash-dotted lines in its course From indicated gas line 31 forms the arc of curvature, that is to say virtually replaces the elbow, so that the exhaust gas line 31 with its lines 32 and 33 is virtually an extension of the transition areas 34 and 35 , which are connected via the reversal area 36 . Fig. 6 illustrates this in a schematic plan view, the partition 37 is again shown symbolically as a dashed line, within the scope of the invention, of course, but can also be angled to the opposite flow paths 32 , 33 .

The schematic representation of FIG. 7 shows a possible installation situation for an exhaust gas purification device 1, which, as explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 is laterally cantilevered to the exhaust strand, which is symbolized in the schematic view through the longitudinal sides of the engine 40 extending exhaust manifold 41 , to which the cylinders are connected on the exhaust gas side and which, in the context of the solution according to the invention, passes over to the direction of travel 42 of the vehicle before its end via the exhaust gas purification device 1 into the wide, only indicated part of the exhaust line. The schematic diagram illustrates that the exhaust gas cleaning device is located on the front side between the vehicle front 43 and the wheel arch 44 laterally offset from the radiator 45 , and thus in an otherwise unusable area for exhaust gas purification purposes, so that on the one hand there is a very close arrangement for the exhaust gas purification device 1 , on the other hand, critical installation space areas can be avoided, which would prevent an arrangement close to the engine or would make it very difficult.

With the invention, a structure for an exhaust gas cleaning device is thus shown, which offers particular advantages in particular with respect to vehicles, in particular the serial installation of an exhaust gas cleaning device 1 in existing vehicle concepts is made possible, or retrofitting of vehicles.

Of particular importance, an exhaust gas cleaning device according to the invention attains particular importance for vehicle types which are optionally equipped as Otto or diesel vehicles and which in their diesel version are subsequently to be equipped with particle filters, which is expediently possible with an exhaust gas cleaning device 1 according to the invention, with the arrangement close to the engine aspired to high temperatures and the spatial variable arrangement also allows the combination with additional turbochargers which also allows internal combustion engines.

Fig. 8 to 10 show schematic representations for bypass solutions to short-circuit connection of arrival and downstream ports 2 and 3, starting from a basic configuration according to Fig. 1 for the exhaust gas purification device 1 and the partition wall 10, the transition zones 8 and 9 against each other borders. In the area of the bottom shell 4 , the partition 10 is assigned the bypass-side cross section, that is, before the exhaust gases enter the transition areas 8 and 9 .

In Fig. 8 is a bypass solution with active, for. B. depending on the speed of engine data (z. B. cold start) controlled bypass valve 50 shown, controlled by an actuator 51st

Fig. 9 illustrates a solution with pressure-dependent work the bypass valve 53 , here a simplest constructed in the direction of its closed position via a spring 54 tes valve is resorted to, for example in the event of blockage or impermissibly strong contamination of one of the transition areas 8 and / or 9 assigned cleaning inserts (15 or 16 in FIG. 1) to address.

Fig. 10 illustrates a solution in which a temperature-dependent bypass valve 55 is shown, wherein the temperature-dependent control is illustrated by a bimetallic spring 56 .

All relevant control parameters can of course be taken into account with an active control according to FIG. 8.

Claims (23)

1.Exhaust gas cleaning device for internal combustion engines, in particular for exhaust gas cleaning device lying in the exhaust gas line of internal combustion engines for motor vehicles, with an upstream and downstream housing connection and an exhaust gas cleaning insert, in particular in the form of a particle filter and / or a catalyst, characterized in that the device ( 1; 30) between one the terminals (2, 3; 32, 33) comprising the housing-side connection region and a spaced opposite head side Umlenkbe rich (13; 36) separated from one another, connected by means of the deflection region (36) and counter-flowed through one after the transition regions (34 , 35 ), at least one of which contains a cleaning insert ( 15 , 16 ). 2. Exhaust gas purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that both transition areas ( 8 , 9 ) have cleaning inserts ( 15 , 16 ). 3. Exhaust gas purification device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one cleaning insert ( 15 ) is designed as a particle filter, in particular a soot filter. 4. Exhaust gas purification device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one cleaning insert ( 16 ) is formed as a catalyst. 5. Exhaust gas purification device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transition regions ( 8 , 9 ) are delimited from one another via a partition ( 10 ). 6. Emission control device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cleaning device ( 1 ) has a cup-shaped housing ( 5 ). 7. Exhaust gas purification device according to claim 6, characterized in that the housing ( 6 ) is annular, in particular cylindrical. 8. Exhaust gas purification device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the housing ( 5 ) is gebil det head side through a cover ( 6 ). 9. Exhaust gas purification device according to claim 8, characterized in that the cover ( 6 ) is bulged towards the side remote from the partition ( 10 ). 10. Exhaust gas purification device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing ( 5 ) opposite to the cover ( 6 ) by egg NEN opposite bowl-shaped curved bottom (bottom shell 4 ) is limited. 11. The exhaust gas purification device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connections ( 2 , 3 ) are assigned to the base shell ( 4 ). 12. Exhaust gas purification device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connections ( 2 or 3 ) run from opposite sides to the connection area and open onto the respective adjacent transition area ( 8 or 9 ). 13. Exhaust gas purification device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the connections ( 2 or 3 ) run from opposite sides to the connection area and open onto the respectively opposite connection area ( 9 or 8 ). 14. Exhaust gas purification device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the partition ( 10 ) lying between the transition regions ( 8 , 9 ) connects to the base shell ( 4 ). 15. Exhaust gas purification device according to claim 14, characterized in that the partition ( 10 ) ends below the cover ( 6 ). 16. Exhaust gas purification device according to claim 14, characterized in that the partition ( 10 ) adjoins the cover ( 6 ) and has through openings which determine the free cross section of the deflection region ( 13 ). 17. Exhaust gas purification device according to one of the preceding Expectations, characterized, that the exhaust gas purification device to the respective exhaust line is laterally offset. 18. Emission control device according to one of claims 1 to 17 characterized, that the exhaust gas purification device to the respective exhaust line is laterally offset cantilevered. 19. Emission control device according to one of claims 1 to 17 characterized, that the exhaust gas purification device to the respective exhaust line offset laterally and extending along the same is arranged. 20. Exhaust gas purification device according to one of claims 1 to 16 characterized, that the exhaust gas purification device in the flow direction of the exhaust line forming a deflection curve of the exhaust line is arranged in this. 21. Emission control device according to one of the preceding Expectations, characterized, that between the connections one, at least for part of the exhaust gases, bypass connection immediately surrounding the transition areas is provided. 22. An exhaust gas purification device according to claim 21, characterized, that the bypass connection penetrates the partition.   23. An exhaust gas purification device according to claim 21 or 22, characterized, that the bypass connection internally in the area of the bottom shell runs.