DE102008006501A1 - Combined ultrasonic air backwash process to clean immersed membranes involves applying ultrasound to liquid during backwash and blowing gas over outer membrane surface - Google Patents
Combined ultrasonic air backwash process to clean immersed membranes involves applying ultrasound to liquid during backwash and blowing gas over outer membrane surface Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102008006501A1 DE102008006501A1 DE102008006501A DE102008006501A DE102008006501A1 DE 102008006501 A1 DE102008006501 A1 DE 102008006501A1 DE 102008006501 A DE102008006501 A DE 102008006501A DE 102008006501 A DE102008006501 A DE 102008006501A DE 102008006501 A1 DE102008006501 A1 DE 102008006501A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- membrane
- water
- membranes
- liquid
- permeate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 Capillary membrane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000001601 blood-air barrier Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010797 grey water Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 210000004379 membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 64
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005108 dry cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011045 prefiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-[6-[[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methylphenyl)ethyl]amino]purin-9-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=CC(C(CNC=2C=3N=CN(C=3N=CN=2)[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C)=C1 BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2315/00—Details relating to the membrane module operation
- B01D2315/06—Submerged-type; Immersion type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/04—Backflushing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/18—Use of gases
- B01D2321/185—Aeration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/20—By influencing the flow
- B01D2321/2066—Pulsated flow
- B01D2321/2075—Ultrasonic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/34—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with mechanical oscillations
- C02F1/36—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with mechanical oscillations ultrasonic vibrations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft den Bereich der Flüssigkeitsreinigung mittels Membranen, insbesondere zum Zwecke der Trinkwassergewinnung (aber auch zur Gewinnung von Brauchwasser und Wasser für industrielle Zwecke) aus Oberflächenwasser, Grund- und Quellwasser, allgemein verunreinigtem Wasser, im weiteren Rohwasser genannt. Auch die weitergehende Reinigung von Abwasser ist möglich. Dazu werden unter anderem getauchte Membranen zur Filterung des Rohwassers verwendet. Da die Membranen mit zunehmender Betriebsdauer, das heißt Filtrationsdauer, verschmutzen, müssen die Membranen zur Erhaltung ihrer Leistungsfähigkeit gereinigt werden. Die Erfindung betrifft die effiziente, chemikalienfreie in situ-Reinigung getauchter Membranen in Filteranlagen.The The invention relates to the field of liquid purification by means of membranes, in particular for the purpose of drinking water production (but also for the production of service water and water for industrial purposes) from surface water, groundwater and Spring water, generally polluted water, further raw water called. The further purification of wastewater is possible. These include dipped membranes for filtering the Raw water used. Since the membranes with increasing operating time, that is filtration time, need to pollute cleaned the membranes to maintain their performance become. The invention relates to the efficient, chemical-free in situ cleaning of dipped membranes in filter systems.
Nach
dem Stand der Technik werden unter anderem getauchte Membranen zur
Reinigung mit verschiedenen Reinigungslösungen (unter anderem
chlorbasierte Reinigungsmittel, aber auch Säuren und Laugen)
durchspült, wobei verschiedene Verfahren mit Vorwärts-
und Rückwärtsspülung und teilweise mit
erhitzten Reinigungslösungen eingesetzt werden, zum Beispiel
Patent
Besonders bei der Trinkwassergewinnung ist eine chemische Reinigung wegen der dafür notwendigen Chemikalien nicht angebracht, da eine aufwändige weitere Reinigung zur erforderlichen Entfernung der Chemikalien notwendig wird.Especially when drinking water is due to a dry cleaning the necessary chemicals are not appropriate there a complex further cleaning for the required distance the chemicals become necessary.
Nach dem Stand der Technik gibt es Membranen, die mit Permeatrückspülung bei gleichzeitiger Luftüberströmung betrieben werden. Auch bei dieser Betriebsart nimmt die Verblockungsneigung der Membran im Laufe der Zeit soweit zu, dass eine chemische Reinigung unumgänglich wird. Diese ist, wie oben bereits beschrieben, sehr aufwändig und zeit- und kostenintensiv.To The prior art has membranes with permeate backwashing operated with simultaneous air flow become. In this mode, too, the blocking tendency decreases the membrane over time so far that a dry cleaning becomes inevitable. This is, as already described above, very time-consuming and costly.
Ziel der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Bereitstellung eines Reinigungsverfahrens bei Filteranlagen für Flüssigkeiten mit getauchten Membranen, das die vorgenannten Nachteile nach dem Stand der Technik vermeidet. Das Ziel umfasst folgende Eigenschaften des Verfahrens:
- 1) Die Membranen werden in situ abgereinigt, verbleiben also an ihrem Platz und in der zu reinigenden Flüssigkeit eingetaucht.
- 2) Die Membran wird durch Kombination von ultraschallinduzierter Kavitation während einer ersten Rückspülphase mit Permeat und anschließend mit Luftblasenüberströmung (anstelle der ultraschallinduzierten Kavitation) während der zweiten Rückspülphase mit Permeat (hier insgesamt als USL-Verfahren bezeichnet) gereinigt.
- 3) Weder die alleinige Anwendung von Ultraschall während der Permeatrückspülung noch der Luftblasenüberströmung ergeben ein vergleichbares Resultat. Das Ergebnis kann nur in der eben beschriebenen Kombination und Abfolge erreicht werden.
- 4) Es werden keinerlei Reinigungschemikalien bei diesem Verfahren notwendig.
- 5) Das Verfahren kann komplett automatisiert werden.
- 1) The membranes are cleaned in situ, so remain in place and immersed in the liquid to be cleaned.
- 2) The membrane is cleaned by combining ultrasound-induced cavitation during a first backwash phase with permeate and then with air bubble overflow (instead of ultrasound-induced cavitation) during the second backwash phase with permeate (collectively referred to herein as USL method).
- 3) Neither the sole application of ultrasound during the permeate backwash nor the air bubble overflow results in a comparable result. The result can only be achieved in the combination and sequence just described.
- 4) No cleaning chemicals are needed in this process.
- 5) The procedure can be completely automated.
Die
Kavitation in der Flüssigkeit, die die eingetauchte Membran
umgibt, wird vorzugsweise durch Ultraschall erzeugt. Es werden ein
oder mehrere Schallgeber verwendet, die frei in der Flüssigkeit
verschoben werden können und deren jeweiliger Abstand zu
den Membranen zwecks Optimierung des Verfahrens eingestellt werden
kann (
Ultraschall-Leistung
und Ultraschall-Frequenz sowie Beschallungsdauer sind variierbar
in Abhängigkeit der Rohwasserbeschaffenheit (beziehungsweise
des Verunreinigungsgrades der Flüssigkeit) sowie etwaiger
Deckschichtbildung auf der Membran. Die genaue und sachgemäße
Anwendung dieser Parameter ist notwendig, damit die Membranen nicht übermäßig
porös, das heißt zu durchlässig, oder
gar vollständig zerstört werden, andererseits
das Verfahren aber nicht wirkungslos wird. Ultraschallinduzierte
Kavitations-Reinigung wurde bei Membranen bislang noch nicht technisch
eingesetzt, da bei Versuchen nach kurzer Zeit Schäden an
den Membranen auftraten und es bisher noch nicht gelang, die Integrität
der Membranen bei entsprechender Behandlung dauerhaft sicherzustellen
(siehe dazu:
Ein Teil der Erfindung ist daher eine sorgfältige Anwendung der Kavitation, die eine Anwendung in der Flüssigkeitsreinigung ermöglicht, so dass einerseits die Verblockung der Membran verhindert und der Durchfluss dauerhaft stabilisiert wird, andererseits die volle Funktionsfähigkeit (Trennleistung) der Membran erhalten bleibt.Part of the invention is therefore a careful application of cavitation, which is an application in the Liquid cleaning allows, so on the one hand prevents the blocking of the membrane and the flow is permanently stabilized, on the other hand, the full functionality (separation efficiency) of the membrane is maintained.
Ausführungsbeispieleembodiments
Eine
schematische Zeichnung des Aufbaus der Versuchsanlage, die die folgenden
Ergebnisse lieferte, ist in
Beispiel
1: Gegenüberstellung von Permeatrückspülung
mit Luftblasenüberströmung und Permeatrückspülung
mit dem USL-Verfahren. In beiden Filtrationstanks (siehe
Der Ultraschalleinsatz bei diesem Beispiel beträgt eine Minute, bei einer Frequenz von 130 kHz im sogenannten sweep-Modus des verwendeten Ultraschallwandlers mit einer Schall-Leistung von 2,1 Watt/cm2. Der Abstand der getauchten Schallgeber zur Membran beträgt in diesem Fall 10 cm.The ultrasound application in this example is one minute, at a frequency of 130 kHz in the so-called sweep mode of the ultrasonic transducer used with a sound power of 2.1 watts / cm 2 . The distance of the submerged sounder to the membrane in this case is 10 cm.
Angewandt wurde das Verfahren bei einer Polymermembran aus hydrophilisiertem Polyethersulfon mit einer Trenngrenze von 150 kDalton. Die flachen, parallel angeordneten Membrantaschen (Flachmembranen) hatten einen Abstand von 1,2 cm zueinander.Applied the process was performed on a hydrophilic polymer membrane Polyethersulfone with a cut-off of 150 kDaltons. The flat, parallel membrane pockets (flat membranes) had one Distance of 1.2 cm to each other.
Die
Partikelgrafiken in
Weiterhin wurde eine Online-Trübungsmessung sowie nach Abschluss der ersten Versuche ein Druckhaltetest durchgeführt. Hier waren keine Membranschäden feststellbar.Farther was an online turbidity measurement as well as after graduation the first attempts a pressure holding test performed. Here no membrane damage was detectable.
Beispiel 2: Handversuch mit USL-Rückspülverfahren.Example 2: Hand test with USL backwashing method.
Die
Membran wird mit 30 l/(m2 h) beaufschlagt,
das entspricht einer 50% höheren Durchsatzleistung als
im oben genannten Beispiel 1. Die Permeabilität wurde hier
nicht auf 20°C normiert, da die Temperatur über den
kurzen Versuchszeitraum gleich blieb. Die neun Rückspülungen
erfolgten in einem Abstand von jeweils ½ Stunde. Es zeigte
sich, dass entgegen einem ansonsten leichten Abfall der Permeabilität
sofort ein Anstieg der Permeabilität zu verzeichnen ist.
Die Werte sind der untenstehenden Tabelle 2 zu entnehmen. Tabelle 2: Permeabilitätsverlauf
in Abhängigkeit der Anzahl Rückspülungen
mit USL-Verfahren
Kurze Beschreibung der FigurenBrief description of the figures
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung an Hand von lediglich Beispiele darstellenden Figuren erläutert. Es zeigen schematisch:in the The invention will now be described by way of example only Figures explained. They show schematically:
Detaillierte Beschreibung der FigurenDetailed description the figures
Danach
erfolgt das Umschalten auf Filtration
Anschließend
beginnt der Prozeß mit
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNGQUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- - DE 69604818 T2 [0002] - DE 69604818 T2 [0002]
Zitierte Nicht-PatentliteraturCited non-patent literature
- - Masselin et al. (2001) Journal of Membrane Science, Vol. 181, S. 213–220 [0007] - Masselin et al. (2001) Journal of Membrane Science, Vol. 181, pp. 213-220 [0007]
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008006501A DE102008006501B4 (en) | 2007-03-19 | 2008-01-23 | Combined ultrasonic air backwashing process for the chemical-free in-situ cleaning of submerged membranes during backwashing during operation |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007013556 | 2007-03-19 | ||
DE102007013556.6 | 2007-03-19 | ||
DE102008006501A DE102008006501B4 (en) | 2007-03-19 | 2008-01-23 | Combined ultrasonic air backwashing process for the chemical-free in-situ cleaning of submerged membranes during backwashing during operation |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE102008006501A1 true DE102008006501A1 (en) | 2008-09-25 |
DE102008006501B4 DE102008006501B4 (en) | 2013-05-16 |
Family
ID=39713321
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008006501A Active DE102008006501B4 (en) | 2007-03-19 | 2008-01-23 | Combined ultrasonic air backwashing process for the chemical-free in-situ cleaning of submerged membranes during backwashing during operation |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE102008006501B4 (en) |
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ITMI20110732A1 (en) * | 2011-05-02 | 2012-11-03 | Vecchi Gaetano S R L De | PLANT FOR THE TREATMENT OF WATER OR LIQUIDS IN GENERAL WITH SEMIPERMEABLE MEMBRANES FOR REVERSE OSMOSIS OR NANOFILTRATION. |
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