DE102015009084A1 - Device for separating fine dust and coarse dust - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device with a centrifugal separator for separating the airborne dust in fine dust and coarse dust, characterized by a vertical cylindrical chamber with a dust-laden air feeding lower air inlet, by an air vortex generating device on or in the air inlet to the in the chamber injected dust-laden air into a helical ascending vortex, and by catching openings in the chamber wall to let the particles of coarse dust to the outside in a chamber surrounding the collecting space.

Description

The invention relates to a device with a centrifugal separator (cyclone separator) for separating the dust in the air in fine dust and grit.

There are various methods for the separation of pollutant particles are known in which the raw gas tangenial is introduced into a cyclone and spirally revolved, the larger dust particles are thrown by the centrifugal force to the conical cyclone wall and transported down. Here, the cyclone wall is always conical, whereby larger external dimensions are necessary. Also, it is not ensured in these known devices that at the latest when emptying the fine dust collector fine dust does not escape to the outside.

The object of the invention is to improve a device of the type mentioned so that with a simple construction and small external dimensions, a high efficiency is achieved. Also, the device should be highly mobile with small external dimensions.

• – durch eine senkrechte zylindrische Kammer mit einem die staubbelastete Luft zuführenden unteren Lufteinlass,
• – durch eine einen Luftwirbel erzeugende Einrichtung am oder im Lufteinlass, um die in die Kammer eingeblasene staubbelastete Luft in einen schraubenförmigen aufsteigenden Wirbel zu versetzen, und
• – durch Fangöffnungen in der Kammerwand, um die Partikel des Grobstaubs nach außen in einen die Kammer umgebenden Auffangraum austreten zu lassen.

These objects are achieved according to the invention

• By a vertical cylindrical chamber with a lower air inlet supplying the dust-laden air,
• By means of an air vortex generating device on or in the air inlet to place the dust laden air injected into the chamber into a helical ascending vortex, and
• - By catch openings in the chamber wall to allow the particles of coarse dust to escape to the outside in a chamber surrounding the collecting space.

In such a device, the inner cyclone chamber has a constant, small diameter, so that the device has small outer dimensions. Here, the construction is simple and of high efficiency. Particulate matter leakage is reliably prevented and the small outer dimensions allow the device to be mobile. Furthermore, it is advantageous that the device does not require a filter.

While in the known devices, the air inlet is arranged laterally tangent to produce the expanding vortex and hereby significant external dimensions are necessary, the inventive device at the air inlet to a swirl nozzle, which generates the air vortex, so that the vortex generating device a lateral Extension of the device does not require.

It is preferably proposed that the bottom of the collecting space is sloping conically outwards and at the outer edge has at least one, in particular, annular outlet opening to a coarse dust collecting chamber located underneath. In this case, the outlet opening can have an inflatable seal as closure. It is also advantageous if the inflatable seal is formed by a sealing tube, so that with a simple construction and high durability a secure seal is achieved.

A simple and safe emptying of the coarse dust receiving collecting space is achieved when in the annular coarse dust collecting chamber nozzles open obliquely, in particular tangentially such that is blown up by the blown by the blowing air of the collected in the collection chamber grit to be transported by a dust line to become.

A simple design with small lateral dimensions is achieved when the cylindrical chamber is formed by a tube whose length or height is three times to twenty times the tube inner diameter. For these reasons, it is also proposed that the catch openings in the chamber wall have on the inside cover surfaces which form exit slots for the coarse dust with the chamber wall.

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing in a vertical axial section and will be described in more detail below.

The device for separating airborne dust into particulate matter and grit has a tubular vertical chamber 1 constant pipe inside diameter D on with a chamber wall 2 , in the catch openings 3 are arranged in particular at regular intervals, passes through the coarse dust to the outside in an annularly arranged collecting space 4 which can also be cylindrical, so that chamber wall 2 and the outer wall 5 the collection room 4 coaxial with each other. At the bottom is at the chamber wall 2 an inlet pipe 6 , preferably fixed with the same diameter D, through which the charged air is supplied. At the upper end is at the chamber wall 2 an outlet pipe 7 attached, through which the air is discharged, which contains only the fine dust. The height H of the chamber 1 is 3 to 20 times the inside diameter of the chamber.

In the transition area from the inlet pipe 6 to the chamber 1 is a vortex generating device 9 in particular arranged a swirl nozzle through which the entire charged air flows and in this case in a vortex 8th is offset in the form of an upward rising screw or helix of constant diameter. By acting on the coarse dust particles centrifugal forces, the coarse dust particles on the inside of the chamber wall 2 pressed and get through the catch openings 3 to the outside in the surrounding catchment area 4 , Here are the collecting openings 3 preferably by covering surfaces 10 covered so far that laterally outlet slots are still available as collecting openings for the coarse dust.

The catchment room 4 has a lower floor 11 on, which is cone-shaped, leaving the top of the bottom 11 has the shape of the lateral surface of a truncated cone. The floor 11 is at least partially not to the outer wall 5 the collection room 4 guided, but forms with the outer wall 5 at least one annular outlet opening 12 through which the coarse dust penetrates down into a lower coarse dust collecting chamber 13 , which is lockable for the periods in which the coarse dust collection chamber 13 is emptied. The outlet opening (s) has an inflatable seal as closure 14 which is preferably formed by a sealing tube.

To the coarse dust collection chamber 13 to empty, is the outlet opening 12 closed and it gets into the chamber 13 By obliquely particularly tangentially arranged air nozzles in the chamber 13 blown to stir up the collected coarse dust and transported by a dust line to the outside.

The device according to the invention is preferably part of a dust removal system, in which at the outlet pipe 7 a Feinstaubabscheider is connected, the substantially cleaned air back into the inlet pipe 6 reaches, so that behind the particulate matter, not shown, a filter is not required.

The device according to the invention stands on a pedestal 15 , on the underside of wheels can be stored.

Claims (8)

Device with a centrifugal separator for separating the airborne dust into fine dust and coarse dust, characterized by a vertical cylindrical chamber ( 1 with a lower air inlet supplying the dust-laden air, by a device generating an air vortex ( 9 ) on or in the air inlet to the in the chamber ( 1 ) injected dust-laden air into a helical ascending vortex ( 8th ), and - by catch openings ( 3 ) in the chamber wall ( 2 ) to move the particles of coarse dust outward into a chamber ( 1 ) surrounding collecting space ( 4 ) to let escape. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the air vortex ( 8th ) generating device ( 9 ) has at least one swirl nozzle at the air inlet. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ground ( 11 ) of the catchment area ( 4 ) is sloping conically towards the outside and at the outer edge at least one in particular annular outlet opening ( 12 ) to an underlying gross dust collecting chamber ( 13 ). Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the outlet opening ( 12 ) as an inflatable seal seal ( 14 ) having. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the inflatable seal ( 14 ) is formed by a sealing tube. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the annular coarse dust collecting chamber ( 13 ) Nozzles open obliquely, in particular tangentially, in such a way that, due to the air blown in by the blowing nozzles, the air in the collecting chamber ( 13 ) is whirled up to be transported by a dust line. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cylindrical chamber ( 1 ) is formed by a tube whose length or height (H) is three times to twenty times the inner tube diameter (D). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the catch openings ( 3 ) in the chamber wall ( 2 ) inside cover surfaces ( 10 ), which form outlet slots for the coarse dust with the chamber wall.

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