DE102015218755A1 - Apparatus and method for producing a component - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for the powder bed-based, additive production of a component in which on the surface of a blank, the component is produced in individual layers by repeated layers of loose powder are generated on the blank from the selectively individual areas with the blank by an energy beam are fused, wherein the surface of the loose powder is not parallel to the surface of the building platform, wherein the surface of the blank, the outer wall of a horizontal, rotatably mounted hollow body is used, wherein the loose powder is applied to a portion of the hollow body wherein the portion is disposed perpendicularly above the central axis of the hollow body, wherein the loose powder is fused by the energy beam and new layers of the loose powder are respectively generated after rotation of the blank about its central axis.

Description

The invention relates to a device and a method for producing a component. The method basically corresponds to a powder bed-based additive production of components such. B. the laser melting.

In a laser melting process, micrometer-fine particles are melted by a laser, where they connect with each other to form a component. Depending on the component size, this is a very time-consuming process. It is possible to use a blank, which provides a basis for the component to be created.

The DE 100 51 893 A1 shows a component that has been prepared by the addition of a geometric contour on a blank by a generative process. It is shown that the production of complex structures is possible, whereby the component must be broken down into individual components.

The object of the invention is to provide a method for powder bed-based, additive production of a component in which on the surface of a blank, the component is produced in individual layers by repeated layers of loose powder are generated on the blank from the selectively individual areas be merged with the blank by an energy beam, wherein the surface of the loose powder is at least partially not parallel to the surface of the building platform, wherein the surface of the blank, the outer wall of a horizontal, rotatably mounted hollow body is used, wherein the loose powder on a portion the hollow body is applied, wherein the portion is arranged vertically above the central axis of the hollow body, wherein the loose powder fused by the energy beam and new layers of loose powder are respectively generated after rotation of the blank about its central axis. Thus, individual layers are spirally applied to the periphery of the blank. This has the advantage that a solid blank, which does not have to have any more detailed structure, can be used. This includes, for example, holding areas of the component to which it can be fastened with a further component. This massive blank is also essential in the manufacturing process for the heat dissipation of the newly created structure, which is obtained by the melting process.

In a further embodiment of the method, the loose powder is applied to the blank in a first area, merged in a second area by the energy beam with the ground and removed in a third area, the unfused loose powder from the blank. This causes unmelted powder to be removed from the component at the latest after half a revolution of the component. Specifically for the manufacture of components where the welded structure is to be made of different materials, the materials can be changed with each application of the powder to the component. In this way, areas of different materials and / or physical properties can be produced in all spatial directions.

Another aspect of the invention relates to a component which is produced by the described method, wherein on a blank, which may be designed as a cast or forged part and does not have to have a special surface structure, by means of a layer melting process, a detailed structure of at least one powdery material is made.

Further advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the description of embodiments with reference to drawings and from the drawings themselves.

Showing:

1 a schematic representation of a plant for carrying out the method according to the invention.

In 1 shows a simplified representation of an annular blank 1 in the form of a coal cylinder. This lies on a drive roller 2 whose counterpart is the leadership role 3 holding the blank and allowing rotation about the cylinder axis. The drive roller 2 allows rotation of the blank 1 with a speed necessary for the respective process step.

Through the powder applicator 4 becomes the bulk powder intended for the current layer 5 on the blank 1 or the already fused outermost layer applied. The loose powder 5 is doing in a single-layer or at least only a few grain layers thick layer with a height above the blank 1 applied constant thickness.

As powder, in this example, a metal powder having a grain size smaller than 10 microns is provided. In principle, all metal powders that can be made into spherical particles via an atomization process are suitable.

A laser 6 heats the loose powder 5 in a melting zone 6 , whereby it is liquefied and combines with the likewise metallic underground. The melting process takes place under a protective gas atmosphere. To reduce an increased local heat input, the laser beam 7 be distracted during heating so that the heat is uniform within the melting zone 8th is distributed. The resulting new layer 9 can be made either continuously by the drive moves the blank accordingly. The laser beam is correspondingly flexible in two directions. Or there is a gradual production of the new layer 9 instead, with the blank 1 for each one increment is moved and the laser beam 7 to move along an action line.

Shown in the figure at the bottom right is a device for collecting the remaining powder 10 , Moved by gravity, the powder that has not been welded by the laser beam will fall off the surface. This can possibly be reinforced by other technical devices such as suckers or brushes, so that no loose powder is present on the component in the bottom next position. This is especially advantageous if you want to create multiple layers of different materials that are arranged side by side or one above the other. These materials are very expensive and can be recovered in this way immediately layer by layer in high purity.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Blank (hollow cylinder)

2

capstan

3

leadership

4

powder applicator

5

Loose powder

6

laser

7

laser beam

8th

fusion zone

9

new layer

10

catcher

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 10051893 A1 [0003]

Claims (4)

Process for the powder bed-based, additive production of a component, in which on the surface of a blank ( 1 ) the component is produced in individual layers by placing on the blank ( 1 ) repeats layers of loose powder ( 5 ) are selectively generated from the individual areas with the blank ( 1 ) by an energy beam ( 7 ), the surface of the loose powder ( 5 ) at least in some areas not parallel to the surface of the building platform ( 13 ), characterized in that as the surface of the blank ( 1 ) the outer wall of a horizontally moving, rotatably mounted hollow body ( 2 ), the loose powder ( 5 ) on a portion of the hollow body ( 2 ) is applied, wherein the portion is arranged vertically above the central axis of the hollow body, wherein the loose powder ( 5 ) through the energy beam ( 7 ) and new loose powder layers ( 5 ) after each rotation of the blank ( 1 ) are generated around its central axis. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the loose powder is applied in a first region on the blank, is fused in a second region by the energy beam to the ground and in a third region, the unfused loose powder is removed from the blank. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a second loose powder on the blank ( 1 ) or a layer of first fused powder thereon, is applied. Component produced by a method according to one of claims 1 to 3.

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