DE1704179B2 - Verfahren zum verbinden von folien - Google Patents

Verfahren zum verbinden von folien

Info

Publication number
DE1704179B2
DE1704179B2 DE1967L0057212 DEL0057212A DE1704179B2 DE 1704179 B2 DE1704179 B2 DE 1704179B2 DE 1967L0057212 DE1967L0057212 DE 1967L0057212 DE L0057212 A DEL0057212 A DE L0057212A DE 1704179 B2 DE1704179 B2 DE 1704179B2
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
heat
foils
storing
welded
storing material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
DE1967L0057212
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
DE1704179A1 (de
Inventor
William C Milwaukee Wis.; Leatherman Alfred F. Columbus Ohio; Heller (V.St.A.)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of DE1704179A1 publication Critical patent/DE1704179A1/de
Publication of DE1704179B2 publication Critical patent/DE1704179B2/de
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3468Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the means for supplying heat to said heated elements which remain in the join, e.g. special electrical connectors of windings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/022Particular heating or welding methods not otherwise provided for
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/04Dielectric heating, e.g. high-frequency welding, i.e. radio frequency welding of plastic materials having dielectric properties, e.g. PVC
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1435Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. transmission welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1477Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B29C65/148Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation making use of an absorber or impact modifier placed at the interface
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/24Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool
    • B29C65/245Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool the heat transfer being achieved contactless, e.g. by radiation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/24Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool
    • B29C65/30Electrical means
    • B29C65/32Induction
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3408Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising single particles, e.g. fillers or discontinuous fibre-reinforcements
    • B29C65/3412Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising single particles, e.g. fillers or discontinuous fibre-reinforcements comprising fillers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3444Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint being a ribbon, band or strip
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3444Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint being a ribbon, band or strip
    • B29C65/3448Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint being a ribbon, band or strip said ribbon, band or strip being perforated
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B29C65/3604Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3608Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint comprising single particles, e.g. fillers or discontinuous fibre-reinforcements
    • B29C65/3612Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint comprising single particles, e.g. fillers or discontinuous fibre-reinforcements comprising fillers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B29C65/3604Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3656Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being a layer of a multilayer part to be joined, e.g. for joining plastic-metal laminates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5007Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like characterised by the structure of said adhesive tape, threads or the like
    • B29C65/5021Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like characterised by the structure of said adhesive tape, threads or the like being multi-layered
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5057Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like positioned between the surfaces to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/004Preventing sticking together, e.g. of some areas of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/0042Preventing sticking together, e.g. of some areas of the parts to be joined of the joining tool and the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/005Detaching the article from the joining tool
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/135Single hemmed joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being hemmed in the joint area
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/304Joining through openings in an intermediate part of the article
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/431Joining the articles to themselves
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/45Joining of substantially the whole surface of the articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
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    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
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    • B29C66/818General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8187General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical insulating constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81871General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical insulating constructional aspects of the welding jaws
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    • B29C66/914Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91411Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the parts to be joined, e.g. the joining process taking the temperature of the parts to be joined into account
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    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
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    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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    • B29C65/1403Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
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    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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    • B29C65/1403Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
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    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1403Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
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    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
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    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3472Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3476Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic
    • B29C65/348Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic with a polymer coating
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3472Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3484Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being non-metallic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B29C65/3668Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the means for supplying heat to said heated elements which remain in the join, e.g. special induction coils
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
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    • B29C65/3672Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3676Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being metallic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
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    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
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    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5092Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like characterised by the tape handling mechanisms, e.g. using vacuum
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    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72327General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of natural products or their composites, not provided for in B29C66/72321 - B29C66/72324
    • B29C66/72328Paper
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    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7371General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable
    • B29C66/73711General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable oriented
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8341Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
    • B29C66/83421Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types band or belt types
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9161Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B29C66/91651Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by controlling or regulating the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2711/00Use of natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29K2601/00 - B29K2709/00, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B29K2711/12Paper, e.g. cardboard
    • B29K2711/123Coated
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0003Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
    • B29K2995/0008Magnetic or paramagnetic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0018Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular optical properties, e.g. fluorescent or phosphorescent
    • B29K2995/0026Transparent
    • B29K2995/0027Transparent for light outside the visible spectrum
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037Other properties
    • B29K2995/005Oriented

Description

Fig. 1 schematisch in einer Seitenansicht eine chernde Material nur leicht auf den Folien haftet,
erste Vorrichtung zur Ausübung des Verfahrens nach z. B. durch elektrostatische Kräfte, kann es nach dem
der Erfindung, Schweißvorgang durch Abstreifer oder durch Auf-
Fig. 2 eine Abänderung, wobei verschieden ge- nahmerollen, die auch mit einem Lösungsmittel verformte Stücke aus wärmespeicherndem Material ver- 5 sehen sein können, wieder gewonnen werden. Das wendet werden, wärmespeichernde Material kann einen hohen di-
Fig. 3 eine weitere Abänderung, wobei die Druck- elektrischen Verlustfaktor aufweisen und beispiels-
rollen gleichzeitig an eine Hochfrequenzquelle an- weise in Polytetrafluoräthylen als Träger eingefügt
geschlosseii sind, sejn
Fig. 4 eine wiederum abgeänderte Ausführungs- io An einer späteren Stelle in dem Verfahren in
form, bei der über dem wärmespeichernden Mate- Fig. 1 läuft das Material 14 zwischen herkömm-
rial vor dem Erhitzen eine Folie aus nicht schweiß- liehen dielektrischen Heizelektroden 16 hindurch, die
barem Material angeordnet ist, wie beispielsweise mit einer Hochfrequenz-Spannungsquelle 17 verbun-
Pappe. den sind, welche mit einer der üblichen Frequenzen
In F i g. 1 sind zwei schweißbare, thermoplastische i5 betrieben werden könnten, beispielsweise 27,5 oder Folien 11 und 12 gezeigt, die von links nach rechts 41 MHz. In diesem Falle sind die Folien 11 und 12 vorwärtsbewegt und in einem kontinu:erlichen Ver- und das Material 14 die Elektroden 16 nicht berühfahren gemäß der Erfindung verschweißt werden. Sie rend dargestellt, es versteht sich jedoch, daß die Erbestehen beispielsweise aus Polyäthylen, welches findung auch mit Berührung der Elektroden durchbeim Schweißen mittels Strahlung oder Hochfre- 20 geführt werden kann. Die Folien 11 unH 12 in quenz Probleme aufv/irft, weil es durchsichtig oder gegenseitigem Abstand geführt. Die Größe des in durchscheinend ist und einen niedrigen dielektrischen F i g. 1 dargestellten Raums ist zur Verdeutlichung Verlustfaktor aufweist. Diese Eigenschaften machen vergrößert dargestellt.
es im allgemeinen undurchführbar, solche Folien mit Die Größe des zwischen den Folien 1! und 12 Hilfe von Strahlungsheizung, dielektrischer Heizung 25 vorhandenen Raums kann dem Gutdünken des Beohne zusätzliche Hilfsmittel zu verschweißen. Des- dienungsmanns überlassen werden oder der bevorhalb ist es üblich, solche Folien durch Kontakt zu zugte Abstand wird aus der Erfahrung mit verschweißen, z. B. durch das Heißdrahtimpulsv^rfah- schiedenen Bedingungen und Materialien festgestellt ren. Solche Schweißverfahren ergeben bei der An- Die Heizung und das Anwenden von Druck können Wendung in kontinuierlichen Arbeitsgängen oft 30 in einer Stufe vereinigt werden, so wie es im folgen-Schwierigkeiten. Auch ergeben sich Schwierigkeiten den beschrieben wird.
bei der Steuerung dei Wärmeübertragung auf die In Fig. 1 besteht das Material 14 im wesentlichen
Folie. aus einer Zusammensetzung, die leicht dielektrisch
Im linken Bereich der Fig. 1 ist auf der Folie 11 erhitzt werden kann. Beispielsweise sind halogeniein wärmespeicherndes Material 14 aufgetragen oder 35 sierte Polymere, solche wie Dipolymers und Copolybildet einen Teil davon. Das Material 14 ist so aus- mere von Vinylchlorid, Vinylfluorid, Vinylidenchlorid gewählt, daß es durch eine geeignete Energiequelle und Vinyledenfluorid, und die Polycarbonate, PoIyerhitzbar und dann als Wärmequelle für das Schwei- urethane, Polyazetate und Zellulosederivate für dießen dient. Das Material 14 bildet einen Teil der sen Zweck geeignete Materialien. In einigen Fällen Folie 11 oder ist darauf aufgebracht, beispielsweise 40 können auch bestimmte Flüssigkeiten als Energiedurch verschiedene Druckverfahren, inklusive Offset- aufnehmer dienen. Wasser wird in einem anderen druck, Gravüre, Gummidruck, Siebdruck, magneti- Verfahren zum Schweißen von Nylon in der USA.-scher Druck, Xerographie od. dgl., oder es ist durch Patentschrift 2 992 958 dargestellt. Verschiedene ein anderes Auftragsverfahren aufgebracht, wie bei- Flüssigkeiten und andere organische und anorganispielsweise Aufstreichen, Strangpressen, pneumati- 45 sehe Materialien werden in der USA.-Patentschrift sches oder elektrisches Aufsprühen. Das Material 14 2 859 153 gezeigt. Obwohl Flüssigkeiten in dem vorbraucht nicht fest auf der Folie 11 haften, solange es liegenden Verfahren verwendet werden können, ist in der Stellung verbleibt, bis die Schweißung durch- die Verwendung von Flüssigkeiten zum Unterstützen geführt ist. Das Aufbringen des Materials 14 auf die des Erzeugens von Wärme nicht bevorzugt, und zwar Folie 11 kann als Teil eines kontinuierlichen oder 50 wegen der Wahrscheinlichkeit des Auftretens von unterbrochenen Verfahrens erreicht werden, wie es Dämpfen, die in den Schweißbereich eintreten und schon in einer bestehenden Fertigungsstraße für das den Schweißvorgang beeinträchtigen, weil die Flüs-Bedrucken, Perforieren, Aufschneiden, Behandeln, sigkeiten verdampfen und ihre Wirksamkeit als Abwickeln oder Falten der Folie il angewendet wärmeerzeugender Wirkstoff verlieren können und wird. 55 um Verunreinigungen zu vermeiden und Sauberkeit
Das Material 14 ist in F i g. 1 auf nur einen Film 11 aufrecht zu erhalten.
aufgetragen dargestellt. Wenn sehr hohe Schweiß- Flüssigkeiten könnten wertvoll sein, wenn sie von geschwindigkeiten erwünscht sind, kann es nötig oder dem Schweißbereich isoliert werden können, wenn erwünscht sein, wärmespeicherndes Material auf Jie zu verschweißende Folie, wie beispielsweise die beiden Folien zu verwenden, etwa an gegenüber- 60 Folie 11 von Fig. 1, als eine Sperre zwischen der liegenden Stellen, wie in Fig. 2 die wärmespeichern- Flüssigkeit und dem Schweißbereich wirkt,
den Materialien 14a, 14 ft und die thermoplastischen Wenn das Material 14 von Fig. 1 zwischen den Folien 11 α und 12a dargestellt sind. Aus Fig. 2 dielektrischen Heizelektroden 16 hindurchläuft, ergeht noch hervor, daß die wärmespeichernden Mate- zeugt das vorhandene elektrische Hochfrequenzfeld rialien verschiedene Größen und Formen haben 65 Wärme in dem Material 14. Die Folien 11 und 12 können. selbst können für dielektrische Erwärmung emp-
Eine Zurückgewinnung des wärmespeichernden fänglich sein oder auch nicht. Wenn solche Folien
Materials kann erfolgen. Wenn das wärmespei- für dielektrische Erwärmung empfänglich sind, dient
das Material 14 zur Unterstützung der Wärmecrzeugung und hilft in jedem Fall in dem Bereich, der durch die Dimensionen des Materials bestimmt wird. die Wärmeerzeugung lokal mehr auszuprägen. Wenn das Material der Fig. 1 erhitzt wird, fließt Wärme von ihm in die ihm benachbarten Teile der Folie 11 und bewirkt an dem Bereich 20 (von der Kante aus gesehen) der Fläche 22 der Folie 11 eine Erhöhung der Temperatur auf Schweißtemperatur. Beispielsweise wird eine Schweißtemperatur von 80 bis 1200C für verschiedene Arten von Polyäthylen bevorzugt, während etwa 150° C für Polypropylen bevorzugt wird.
Gleichzeitig mit der Erwärmung oder unmittelbar darauf, wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt, werden das Material und die Folien vorzugsweise Druck ausgesetzt, beispielsweise durch Rollen 18, um die Schweißverbindung bei 19 zu unterstützen. Wenn nötig, können die Rollen 18 mit einem Trennmittel behandelt werden, um das Haftenbleiben zu vermeiden, aber im allgemeinen entsteht keine Haftung, wenn die Temperatur der Rollen unter der Erweichungstemperatur der Folie liegt.
Da die Folien 11 und 12 verhältnismäßig dünn sind, wird Wärme von dem Material 14 nicht nur zum Bereich 20 der unteren Fläche 22 der Folie 11 übcrtragen, sondern auch zum Bereich 21 der oberen Fläche 24 der Folie 12, wobei diese Fläche während des Arbeitsgangs dicht an der Fläche 22 liegt oder in Berührung mit ihr steht, besonders infolge des Aufbringens von Druck auf die Folien 11 und 12, wie es durch die Rollen 18 vorgesehen ist. Somit wird in den Bereichen 20 und 21 die zum Schweißen benötigte Temperatur hergestellt, wodurch die Folien 11 und 12, wie bei 23, direkt miteinander verschweißt werden, besonders mit Hilfe der Rollen 18, welche bewirken, daß die Bereiche 20 und 21 dicht aneinanderliegen, wenn sie es nicht schon vor dieser Stelle tun
Die sich daraus ergebende, vorherbestimmte Schweißstelle 23 ist eine direkte Verschmelzung zwisehen den Folien 11 und 12 und weist die hervorragende Festigkeit und Dauerhaftigkeit dieser Art der Schweißung auf. Wenn darüber hinaus das Material 14 aus einer Zusammensetzung besteht, welche bei erhöhten Temperaturen weich wird, bewirkt das Aufbringen von Druck auf die Kombination des Materials mit den Folien, wenn gewünscht, ein Glätten dieser Materialien, indem genügend Druck darauf aufgebracht wird. In Fällen, in denen eine Folie dünn und die andere dick ist, wird es bevorzugt, das Material auf die dünnere Folie aufzubringen. In einer anderen Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung sind die Elektroden 16 und die Rollen 18 der Fig. 1 vereinigt, wie in Fig. 3 dargestellt wird. In F i g. 3 sind die Rollen 18 α mit elektrisch isolierten Achsen ausgestattet und jede Rolle wurde elektrisch mit einem Anschluß einer Hochfrequenzstromquelle 17 a verbunden. Somit dienen die Rollen 18 a gemeinsam als dielektrische Heizelektroden zum Erwärmen des Materials 14 6 und als Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen von Druck auf die zu bearbeitenden Folien 11 b und 12 6.
Die Erfindung bietet nach Fig. 4 besondere Vorteile beim Schweißen verhältnismäßig dicker Materialien, die keine guten Wärmeleiter sind, wie beispielsweise die gebräuchliche, kunststoffbeschichtete Pappe, die in Milchverpackungen verwendet wird.
Der Vorteil liegt in der Fähigkeit, mit der vorliegenden Erfindung mit Hilfe von wärmespeichernden Materialien, die unmittelbar neben dem zu schweißenden Bereich angebracht sind, Wärme zu erzeugen, selbst wenn einige: Schichten mit verschiedenen Materialien das Material von der Energiequelle trennen. Als Induktionsheizung kann eine Wirbelstromheizung, eine magnetische Hysterese-Heizung oder eine Kombination davon verwendet werden. Das wärmespeichernde Material kann aus Eisenoxydpartikeln in einem Polyäthylen- oder Nylonträger bestehen oder es kann eine elektrisch leitende Folie sein.
In Fig. 4 wird eine Schweißung an einem Stück Pappe 31 durchgeführt. Dort ist eine die Kombination von Pappe 'M a, wärmespeicherndem Material 34 ο und thermoplastischer Folie 36 α mit oder ohne Perforation und eine schweißbare Fläche 38 vorgesehen.
Ubei dem wärrnespeichernden Material kann auch eine Pappe vorgesehen sein, auf welcher in einem vorhergehenden Verfahren eine dünne thermoplastisehe Folie aufgetragen ist. Diese Kombination wird einer Quelle geeigneter Energie ausgesetzt, beispielsweise beim Durchlaufen eines Hochfrequenzmagnetfelds einer Induktionsheizspuk: 41 a. Wenn die Materialien in die Spule 41 α eintreten, wird in dem Material 34 ο Wärme erzeugt und ein Teil der Wärme wird durch die Dicke der thermoplastischen Schicht 36 α oder der Pappe bei einer anderen Kombination geleitet, wodurch die obere Fläche 38 des thermoplastischen Films erweicht bzw. der Pappe erwärmt wird. Ein Teil der Wärme an der Fläche 38 wird auf die untere Fläche 44 der Pappe 31 oder der Folie bei einer anderen Kombination übertragen, besonders wenn die Materialien in die Druckrollen 46 eintreten. Wenn an der Fläche 38 der thermoplastischen Schicht oder der Pappe eine Temperatur von etwa 80 bis 120° C erreicht wird, unter der Annähme, es ist Polyäthylen, wird durch die Rollen 46 aufgebrachter Druck eine Schweißwirkung zwischen der thermoplastischen Folie 36 α oder der Pappe und der unteren Fläche 44 der Pappe 31 oder der Folie erzeugt und somit die Schweißung hergestellt.
Die Zeichnungen veranschaulichen die Verwendung von drei verschiedenen Energiequellen und etliche verschiedene Anordnungen des wärmespeichernden Materials mit Rücksicht auf die zu verbindenden Materialien. Es versteht sich, daß andere Kombinationen möglich sind. In Fig. 1 kann z. B. ein Induktionsheizverfahren oder ein Strahlungsheizverfahrcn verwendet werden.
Als bevorzugt: Energiequelle wird eine Infrarot-Strahlung emittierende Heizzoiae angesehen.
Zusammenfassend wird bezugnehmend auf Fig. 1 ein Verfahren zum Verbinden vorherbestimmt« Grenzbereiche IS1 und 23 benachbarter schweißbarer Flächen 23 und 24 der Verpackungsmaterialien 11 und 12 dargestellt, in welchen Material 14 in jedem vorherbestimmten Bereich vorgesehen ist jedoch einen Abstand zu den benachbarten zu verbindenden Flächen aufweist. Das Material für jeden vorherbestimmten Bereich, wie beispielsweise IS und 23, weist im wesentlichen dieselbe Größe und Form auf, wie der entsprechende vorherbestimmte Bereich, der geschweißt werden soll, und paßt mil diesem zusammen. Bei der Ausführung des Verfahrens wird dann Wärme in dem energieaufnehmender
Material erzeugt, wodurch die benachbarten Ilachen des Verpackungsmaterials in diesem Bereich verschweiBt werden.
Wie besonders in F i g. 2 dargestellt wird, unterdurch. indem die Größe und Gestalt des Materials 14 α und 14 ft verändert wird. F.s ist auch zu beachten, daß das Material einen Abstand zu den benachbarten Flächen der zu verschweißenden Mate
scheidet sieh der Bereich 19 in Größe und Gestalt s rialien aufweist, der wenigstens so groß ist, wie die von dem anderen vorherbestimmten Bereich 23 da- Dicke des Verpackungsmaterials.
Hierzu I Blatt Zeichnungen
*09 539/339

Claims (6)

Durch die USA.-Patentschrift 2 640 796 ist es Patentansprüche: bekannt, daß übereinanderliegende Kunststoffolien durch Aufdrücken eines erhitzten Materials auf die
1. Verfahren zum Verbinden voa Folien, von Außenfläche verschweißt werden können. Auch hier denen mindestens eine aus thermoplastischem 5 befinden sich die zu verbindenden Folien während Kunststoff besteht, unter Aufbringen von einem des gesamten Verfahrens miteinander in Berührung, unabhängig von den Folien erhitzbaren, wärme- Das Wärmemittel muß ein durchlaufendes, fadenspeichernden Material auf die Folien, wobei die artiges Gebilde sein, um mit der bei diesem bekann-Folien mit dem Material an einer Wärmequelle ten Verfahren verwendeten Maschine zusammenfür das Material vorbeigeführt und unter Druck- io arbeiten zu können. Das fadenartige Gebilde muß anwendung verschweißt werden, dadurch erwärmt werden, bevor es auf die Folien aufgebracht gekennzeichnet, daß die Folien mit ihren wird. Daher muß die Verfahrensgeschwindigkeit sehr zu verschweißenden Flächen einander gegenüber- kritisch mit der in dem Gebilde erzeugten Wärme liegend unter gegenseitigem Abstand geführt abgestimmt werden, bevor dieses auf die Folien aufwerden, wobei das wärmespei chemde Material 15 gebracht wird. Wird das fadenartige Gebilde gleichauf der von der Schweißzone abgewandten Ober- zeitig mit der Erhitzung auf die Folien aufgebracht, fläche der Kunststoffolie in getrennten Teilen so ist die Verknüpfung der Verfahrensgeschwindigaufgebracht und beim Weitertransport der Folien keit mit der Temperatur roch kritischer,
in einer Ebene von einer außerhalb der Folien Ausgehend von dem eingangs genannten Verfah-
liegenden Wärmequelle erhitzt wird, und daß 20 ren liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein durch die aufgenommene Wärme des wärme- Verfahren zu schaffen, mit dem Folien an beliebigen, speichernden Materials und Aufeinanderdrücken genau begrenzten Bereichen kontinuierlich besonders der Folien die Folien verbunden werden. fest verschweißt werden können, wobei der Grad der
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch I, dadurch ge- Erwärmung des wärmespeichemden Materials und kennzeichnet, daß das wärmespeichernde Mate- 25 die FoKentransportgeschwindigkeit leicht aufeinanrial in fester Form aufgebracht wird. der abstimmbar sein sollen.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch ge- Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist die Erfindung dakennzeichnet, daß das wärmespeichernde Mate- durch gekennzeichnet, daß die Folien mit ihren zu rial in flüssiger Form aufgebracht wird. verschweißenden Flächen einander gegenüberliegend
4. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3, 30 unter gegenseitigem Abstand geführt werden, wobei dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wärme unter das wärmespeichernde. Material auf der von der Einhaltung eines Abstands vom wärmespeichern- Schweißzone abgewandten Oberfläche der Kunstden Material angewendet wird. stoffolie in getrennten Teilen aufgebracht und beim
5. VerFahren nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, Weitertransport der Folien in einer Ebene von einer dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das wärmespei- 35 außerhalb der Folien liegenden Wärmequelle erhitzt chemde Material mit der von der Schweißzone wird, und daß durch die aufgenommene Wärme des abgewandten Oberfläche der Kunststoffolien ver- wärmespeichemden Materials und Aufeinanderbunden wird. drücken der Folien die Folien verbunden werden.
6. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 5, Weil das Verschweißen der Folien durch die aufdadurch gekennzeichnet, daß über dem wärme- 40 genommene Wärme des in getrennten Teilen aufspeichernden Material vor dem Erhitzen eine gebrachten wärmespeichemden Materials erfolgt, Folie aus nicht schweißbarem Material angeord- werden die Folien nur an den durch diese Teile benet wird, die mit der thermoplastischen Folie grenzten Stellen fest miteinander verschweißt.
beim Erhitzen des wärmespeichemden Materials Das wärmespeichernde Material kann in fester
verbunden wird. 45 Form aufgebracht werden. Eine andere bevorzugte
Ausführungsform des Verfahrens besteht darin, daß
das wärmespeichernde Material in flüssiger Form
aufgebracht wird.
Die Wärme kann auch unter Einhaltung eines
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Verbin- 50 Abstands vom wärmespeichemden Material angeden von Folien, von denen mindestens eine aus wendet werden. Dadurch wird jede direkte Beriihthermoplastischem Kunststoff besteht, unter Auf- rung zwischen wärmespeicherndem Material und bringen von einem unabhängig von den Folien er- Wärmequelle vermieden.
hitzbaren, wärmespeichemden Material auf die Fo- Das wärmespeichernde Material kann nach einer
lien, wobei die Folien mit dem Material an einer 55 anderen Ausführungsform mit der von der Schweiß-Wärmequelle für das Material vorbeigeführt und zone abgewandten Oberfläche der Kunststoffolien unter Druckanwendung verschweißt werden. verbunden werden.
Mit diesem Verfahren lassen sich wegen des zu- Eine weitere Ausgestaltung besteht darin, daß
sätzlich vorgesehenen, wärmespeichemden Materials über dem wärmespeichemden Material vor dem Erauch Folien miteinander verschweißen, die sonst bei 60 hitzen eine Folie aus nicht schweißbarem Material alleiniger Anwendung von Wärme und Druck nicht angeordnet wird, die mit der thermoplastischen verschweißbar sind. Foiie beim Erhitzen des wärmespeichemden Mate-
Ein derartiges Verfahren ist durch die französische rials verbunden wird. Dieser Teil aus nicht schweiß-Patentschrift 1 197 154 bekannt. Dort wird das barem Material ist beispielsweise Pappe oder Papier, wärmespeichernde Material zwischen die beiden mit- 65 wodurch dann Papp- oder Papierbehälter verschweißt einander zu verschweißenden Folien gelegt. Die werden können.
Folien werden also längs ihrer gesamten gemein- Die Erfindung wird im folgenden an Hand von
samen Oberfläche miteinander verschweißt. Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Es zeigt
DE1967L0057212 1966-08-15 1967-08-16 Verfahren zum verbinden von folien Granted DE1704179B2 (de)

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DE1704179A1 (de) 1971-03-04
FR1551911A (de) 1969-01-03
US3528867A (en) 1970-09-15

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