DE19645362A1 - Production of epothilone compounds with taxol-like activity - Google Patents

Production of epothilone compounds with taxol-like activity

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Publication number
DE19645362A1
DE19645362A1 DE19645362A DE19645362A DE19645362A1 DE 19645362 A1 DE19645362 A1 DE 19645362A1 DE 19645362 A DE19645362 A DE 19645362A DE 19645362 A DE19645362 A DE 19645362A DE 19645362 A1 DE19645362 A1 DE 19645362A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
mmol
methyl
solution
benzyl
epothilone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19645362A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dieter Schinzer
Anja Limberg
Olivar M Boehm
Armin Bauer
Martin Cordes
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Novartis AG
Original Assignee
Ciba Geigy AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Ciba Geigy AG filed Critical Ciba Geigy AG
Priority to DE19645362A priority Critical patent/DE19645362A1/en
Priority to NZ334821A priority patent/NZ334821A/en
Priority to EP97914077A priority patent/EP0923583A1/en
Priority to PCT/DE1997/000111 priority patent/WO1998008849A1/en
Priority to JP10511141A priority patent/JP2001500851A/en
Priority to AU21493/97A priority patent/AU716610B2/en
Priority to US08/921,512 priority patent/US5969145A/en
Publication of DE19645362A1 publication Critical patent/DE19645362A1/en
Priority to US09/344,713 priority patent/US6043372A/en
Priority to US09/478,466 priority patent/US6156905A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D493/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system
    • C07D493/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D493/04—Ortho-condensed systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D277/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings
    • C07D277/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D277/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D277/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D277/24—Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D319/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D319/04—1,3-Dioxanes; Hydrogenated 1,3-dioxanes
    • C07D319/06—1,3-Dioxanes; Hydrogenated 1,3-dioxanes not condensed with other rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic System
    • C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
    • C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
    • C07F7/18—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
    • C07F7/1804—Compounds having Si-O-C linkages
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups

Abstract

Production of epothilone A and B of formula (I) comprises esterification of a thiazolyl-hydroxyalkyldiene (II) with a protected 3,7-dihydroxy-5-oxo-tridecenoic acid (III) and conversion of the resulting ester into (I) by the following sequence of reactions: (a) ring closure involving olefin metathesis in the presence of a noble metal catalyst; (b) optional deprotection of protected hydroxy groups, (c) epoxidation and (d) deprotection of protected hydroxy groups as required. R = H (epothilone A) or Me (epothilone B); B = benzyl; tetrahydropyranyl; or silyl protecting group. Also claimed are starting materials (II) and (III) and desoxy-epothilone intermediates (IV) (obtained from step (a) and optionally (b)): B1 = H; benzyl; p-methoxybenzyl; tetrahydropyranyl; or silyl protecting group. Further claimed are 2-(2,2-dimethyl-1,3dioxan-4-yl)-2-methyl-pentan-3-one (V); 2-methyl-6-heptenal (VI), 2,6-dimethyl-6-heptenal (VII) and (4S,6S)-2-(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxan-4-yl)-5-hydroxy-2,4,6-trimethyl-und ecan-3-one (sic) (DDHTU); used for the preparation of (III); as well as protected thiazolyl-hydroxyalkyldienes (VIII) used for the preparation of (II): B2 = benzyl; p-methoxybenzyl; tetrahydropyranyl; or silyl protecting group. Note - The final claim appears to cover stereoisomers of all the above compounds except (DDHTU) and (VIII) sic; the phrasing of the claims is ambiguous. (I) are known from DE 4138042.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Epothilon A und B und Derivate und Zwischenprodukte.The invention relates to a process for the preparation of epothilones A and B and derivatives and intermediates.

Epothilon A und B sind Naturstoffe, die durch Mikroorganismen hergestellt werden und die Taxol ähnliche Eigenschaften besitzen und somit besonderes Interesse in der Arzneimittelchemie besitzen. Diese Epothilone A und B werden innerhalb des Standes der Technik in DE 41 38 042 C2 und in European Chemistry Chronicle, Vol. 1/No. 1 S. 7-10 beschrieben.Epothilon A and B are natural products that are produced by microorganisms and the Taxol have similar properties and are therefore of particular interest in of pharmaceutical chemistry. These epothilones A and B are within the State of the art in DE 41 38 042 C2 and in European Chemistry Chronicle, Vol. 1 / No. 1 pp. 7-10.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Epothilon A und B bereitzustellen, das es erlaubt, die Naturstoffe totalsynthetisch herzustellen und die Struktur in der üblichen Art und Weise zu variieren, um Verbindungen mit stärkeren bzw. nebenwirkungsärmeren Eigenschaften herstellen zu können.The object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing To provide epothilones A and B, which allows the natural products to be totally synthetic to manufacture and to vary the structure in the usual way Establish connections with stronger or fewer side effects to be able to.

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Epothilon A oder B
The invention relates to a process for the preparation of epothilone A or B.

worin R = Wasserstoff (A) oder eine Methylgruppe (B) bedeuten, durch Umsetzung eines Thiazolalkyldien-alkohol-derivat der Formel 8a
wherein R = hydrogen (A) or a methyl group (B), by reacting a thiazole alkyldiene alcohol derivative of the formula 8a

mit einer Carbonsäure der allgemeinen Formel 2c
with a carboxylic acid of general formula 2c

worin B = Benzyl-, Tetrahydropyranyl- und/oder eine Silylschutzgruppe(n) und
R = Wasserstoff oder Methyl
bedeuten,
verestert wird, der erhaltene Ester mittels einer Olefinmetathese in Gegenwart eines Edelmetallkatalysators ringgeschlossen und die neu entstandene Doppelbindung epoxidiert wird und die Hydroxylschutzgruppen gespalten werden.where B = benzyl, tetrahydropyranyl and / or a silyl protecting group (s) and
R = hydrogen or methyl
mean,
is esterified, the ester obtained is ring-closed by means of an olefin metathesis in the presence of a noble metal catalyst, the newly formed double bond is epoxidized and the hydroxyl protective groups are cleaved.

Als Silylschutzgruppen B eignen sich in der Regel alle unterschiedlichen Trialkyl- oder Diaryl-alkyl-silylschutzgruppen, insbesondere die tert.-Butyl-dimethyl-, Trimethylsilyl- und Diphenyl-tert.-butyl-silylgruppen.As a rule, all different trialkyl groups are suitable as silyl protective groups B. or diaryl-alkyl-silyl protecting groups, especially the tert-butyl-dimethyl, Trimethylsilyl and diphenyl tert-butyl silyl groups.

Die Derivate 8a und 9 werden verestert, vorzugsweise durch Anwendung von DCCI/DMAP und der so erhaltene Ester mit den zwei endständigen Alkengruppen wird durch Olefinmetathese, vorzugsweise durch Anwendung von RuCl2( = CHPh) (PCy3)2 (Grubbs-Katalysator) ringgeschlossen (J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 3942-3943; Tetrahedron 1996, 52, 7251-7264; J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 12364-12365; J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 2943-2944 und Tetrahedron Lett.; 1994, 35, 3191-3194, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 6634-6640 und J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 118, 100-110.The derivatives 8a and 9 are esterified, preferably by using DCCI / DMAP and the ester thus obtained with the two terminal alkene groups is ring-closed by olefin metathesis, preferably by using RuCl 2 (= CHPh) (PCy 3 ) 2 (Grubbs catalyst) (J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 3942-3943; Tetrahedron 1996, 52, 7251-7264; J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 12364-12365; J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 2943-2944 and Tetrahedron Lett .; 1994, 35, 3191-3194, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 6634-6640 and J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 118, 100-110.

Die Epoxidierung der neu entstandenen Doppelbindung erfolgt vorzugsweise mittels Persäure, z. B. Perchlorsäure, oder Peroxid, z. B. Cumolhydroperoxid.The newly formed double bond is preferably epoxidized by means of peracid, e.g. B. perchloric acid, or peroxide, e.g. B. Cumene hydroperoxide.

Die anschließende Abspaltung der Schutzgruppen erfolgt beispielsweise mittels Fluorid (für die Silylschutzgruppen), hydrogenolytisch (für Benzyl) oder durch Spaltung im schwach sauren Medium (Tetrahydropyranyl-ether). The protective groups are subsequently split off, for example, by means of Fluoride (for the silyl protecting groups), hydrogenolytic (for benzyl) or through Cleavage in a weakly acidic medium (tetrahydropyranyl ether).  

Weiter beinhaltet die Erfindung Zwischenprodukte der Herstellung gemäß allgemeiner Formel 1a
The invention further includes intermediate products of the production according to general formula 1a

worin B = Benzyl-, Tetrahydropyranyl- und/oder eine Silylschutzgruppe(n) und R = Wasserstoff oder Methyl bedeuten.where B = benzyl, tetrahydropyranyl and / or a silyl protecting group (s) and R = hydrogen or methyl.

Die Erfindung beinhaltet Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formel 2a
The invention includes compounds of the general formula 2a

worin A = Wasserstoff oder eine niedrige Alkylgruppe (Methyl, Ethyl, Propyl, Iso- Propyl, Butyl-, iso- und ter. Butyl) und B = Wasserstoff, Benzyl-, Tetrahydro­ pyranyl- oder eine Silylschutzgruppe (beispielsweise Trimethyl-, tert.-Buty­ dimethyl-, Diphenyl-tert.-butyl-silyl) bedeutet. where A = hydrogen or a lower alkyl group (methyl, ethyl, propyl, iso- Propyl, butyl, iso and ter. Butyl) and B = hydrogen, benzyl, tetrahydro pyranyl or a silyl protective group (for example trimethyl, tert-buty dimethyl-, diphenyl-tert-butyl-silyl) means.  

Weiter beinhaltet die Endungen Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formel 2b
The endings also include compounds of the general formula 2b

worin A = Wasserstoff oder eine niedrige Alkylgruppe (C1-C4) und B = Wasserstoff, Benzyl-, Tetrahydropyranyl- oder eine Silylschutzgruppe bedeutet. Die Bedeutung von B im Molekül kann unterschiedlich sein kann.wherein A = hydrogen or a lower alkyl group (C 1 -C 4 ) and B = hydrogen, benzyl, tetrahydropyranyl or a silyl protective group. The meaning of B in the molecule can be different.

Weiter beinhaltet die Erfindung 2-Methyl-6-heptenal 4a
The invention further includes 2-methyl-6-heptenal 4a

und Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formel 8a
and compounds of general formula 8a

worin B = Wasserstoff, Benzyl-, Tetrahydropyranyl- oder eine Silylschutzgruppe bedeutet und die Bedeutung von B im Molekül ebenfalls unterschiedlich sein können und Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formel 8b
where B = hydrogen, benzyl, tetrahydropyranyl or a silyl protective group and the meaning of B in the molecule can also be different and compounds of the general formula 8b

worin B = Wasserstoff, Benzyl-, Tetrahydropyranyl- oder eine Silylschutzgruppe bedeutet und die Bedeutung von B im Molekül unterschiedlich sein kann; weiter werden die Stereoisomere der Verbindungen umfaßt. where B = hydrogen, benzyl, tetrahydropyranyl or a silyl protecting group means and the meaning of B in the molecule can be different; the stereoisomers of the compounds are further included.  

Synthese von Segment 4Synthesis of segment 4

Arbeitsvorschriften zur Darstellung von Segment 4Work regulations for the presentation of segment 4

Das Natrium-6-hydroxyhexanoat 20 wird nach einer Vorschrift von Wulff, Krüger und Röhle Chem. Ber. 1971, 104, 1387-1399 aus ω-Caprolacton 19 hergestellt.The sodium 6-hydroxyhexanoate 20 is produced according to a regulation by Wulff, Krüger and Röhle Chem. Ber. 1971, 104, 1387-1399 made from ω-caprolactone 19.

Darstellung von 6-[(tert-Butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]-hexansäuresilylester 21 [7] Preparation of 6 - [(tert-butyldimethylsilyl) oxy] hexanoic acid silyl ester 21 [7]

Eine Mischung aus 2.00 g (12.97 mmol) des Salzes 20, 25 ml DMF, 5.87 g (38.93 mmol, 3 equiv) TBDMSCl und 5.3 g (77.85 mmol, 6 equiv) Imidazol wird 48 Stunden bei RT gerührt. Das Reaktionsgemisch wird flashfiltriert und anschließend mit Pentan:DE = 4 : 1 säulen-chromatographisch gereinigt. Man erhält 3.99 g (11.1 mmol) der bissilylierten Verbindung 21, entsprechend einer Ausbeute von 85%.
Allgemeine Daten: C18H40O3Si2, FG = 360.69 g/mol
13C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): 174.17 (s), 63.00 (t), 36.02 (t), 32.53 (t), 25.95 (q), 25.55 (q), 25.40 (t), 24.91(t), 18.33 (s), 17.57 (s), -4.83(q), -5.32(q)A mixture of 2.00 g (12.97 mmol) of the salt 20, 25 ml of DMF, 5.87 g (38.93 mmol, 3 equiv) TBDMSCl and 5.3 g (77.85 mmol, 6 equiv) imidazole is stirred for 48 hours at RT. The reaction mixture is flash filtered and then purified by column chromatography with pentane: DE = 4: 1. 3.99 g (11.1 mmol) of the bissilylated compound 21 are obtained, corresponding to a yield of 85%.
General data: C 18 H 40 O 3 Si 2 , FG = 360.69 g / mol
13 C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl 3 ): 174.17 (s), 63.00 (t), 36.02 (t), 32.53 (t), 25.95 (q), 25.55 (q), 25.40 (t), 24.91 (t ), 18.33 (s), 17.57 (s), -4.83 (q), -5.32 (q)

Darstellung von 6-[(tert-Butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]-hexansäure 22 nach D.R. Morton, J.L. Thompson, J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 2102-2106Preparation of 6 - [(tert-butyldimethylsilyl) oxy] hexanoic acid 22 after D.R. Morton, J.L. Thompson, J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 2102-2106

Eine Lösung von 3.25 g (9.02 mmol) der bissilylierten Verbindung 21 in 130 ml Methanol und 44 ml THF wird mit einer Lösung von 4.4 g (31.8 mmol, 3.5 equiv) K2CO3 in 44 ml H2O versetzt und 1 h bei RT gerührt. Danach wird das Volumen der Reaktionslösung im Vakuum auf ein Viertel reduziert. Man verdünnt mit 130 ml ges. NaCl-Lösung und stellt mit 1 M KHSO4-Lösung auf pH 4-5 ein. Es wird mit Diethylether extrahiert. Die vereinigten organischen Phasen werden über MgSO4 getrocknet und das Lösungsmittel am Rotationsverdampfer abdestilliert. Man erhält 2.01 g (8. 17 mmol) der Carbonsäure 22, entsprechend einer Ausbeute von 90%.
Allgemeine Daten: C12H26O3Si, FG = 246.42 g/mol
13C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): 180.09 (s), 62.90 (t), 34.05 (t), 32.37 (t), 25.93 (q), 25.31(t), 24.46 (t), 18.32 (s), -5.33(q) A solution of 3.25 g (9.02 mmol) of the bissilylated compound 21 in 130 ml of methanol and 44 ml of THF is mixed with a solution of 4.4 g (31.8 mmol, 3.5 equiv) of K 2 CO 3 in 44 ml of H 2 O and added for 1 h RT stirred. The volume of the reaction solution is then reduced to a quarter in vacuo. It is diluted with 130 ml of sat. NaCl solution and adjust to pH 4-5 with 1 M KHSO 4 solution. It is extracted with diethyl ether. The combined organic phases are dried over MgSO 4 and the solvent is distilled off on a rotary evaporator. 2.01 g (8. 17 mmol) of carboxylic acid 22 are obtained, corresponding to a yield of 90%.
General data: C 12 H 26 O 3 Si, FG = 246.42 g / mol
13 C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl 3 ): 180.09 (s), 62.90 (t), 34.05 (t), 32.37 (t), 25.93 (q), 25.31 (t), 24.46 (t), 18.32 (s ), -5.33 (q)

Darstellung von 6-[(tert-Butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]-hexanoylchlorid 23, J. Tanaka, Bull. Chem. Jpn. 1992, 65, 2851-2853Preparation of 6 - [(tert-butyldimethylsilyl) oxy] hexanoyl chloride 23, J. Tanaka, Bull. Chem. Jpn. 1992, 65, 2851-2853

Eine Lösung von 0.5 g (2.03 mmol) Carbonsäure in 4 ml Benzol wird mit 362 mg (3.04 mmol, 1.5 equiv) SOCl2 versetzt und 2 h unter Rückfluß erhitzt. Man läßt abkühlen und destilliert das Lösungsmittel am Rotationsverdampfer ab. Um das überschüssige SOCl2 aus der Reaktionsmischung zu entfernen, wird der Rückstand wieder mit Benzol versetzt und erneut abdestilliert. Man erhält 494 mg (1.865 mmol, 92%) des Säurechlorids 23. Dieses Rohprodukt wird ohne Aufreinigung und Charakterisierung weiter umgesetzt.A solution of 0.5 g (2.03 mmol) carboxylic acid in 4 ml benzene is mixed with 362 mg (3.04 mmol, 1.5 equiv) SOCl 2 and heated under reflux for 2 h. The mixture is allowed to cool and the solvent is distilled off on a rotary evaporator. In order to remove the excess SOCl 2 from the reaction mixture, the residue is mixed again with benzene and distilled off again. 494 mg (1,865 mmol, 92%) of the acid chloride 23 are obtained. This crude product is reacted further without purification and characterization.

Darstellung von 3-[6-[(tert-Butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]-hexanoyl]-4-isopropyl­ oxazolidin-2-on 7, A. Gonzalez, Synth. Comm. 1991, 21, 1353-1360Preparation of 3- [6 - [(tert-butyldimethylsilyl) oxy] hexanoyl] -4-isopropyl oxazolidin-2-one 7, A. Gonzalez, Synth. Comm. 1991, 21, 1353-1360

Eine Lösung von 755 mg (5.845 mmol) (4S)-4-(1-Methylethyl)-2-oxazolidinon 24 in 8 ml THF wird auf -78°C gekühlt und tropfenweise mit 4.0 ml (6.43 mmol, 1.1 equiv) einer n-BuLi-Lösung (1.6 M in Hexan) versetzt. Anschließend wird bei -78°C innerhalb von 2 Minuten eine Lösung von 1.703 g (6.43 mmol, 1.1 equiv) Säurechlorid 23 in 7 ml THF zugegeben. Man läßt auf RT erwärmen und versetzt mit 11 ml einer 1 M wäßrigen K2CO3-Lösung und läßt 15 Minuten rühren. Es wird mit CH2Cl2 extrahiert, über MgSO4 getrocknet und das Lösungsmittel am Rotationsverdampfer abdestilliert. Der Rückstand wird säulen-chromatographisch mit Pentan:DE = 1 : 1 gereinigt. Man erhält 1.352 g (3.78 mmol) der Verbindung 7, entsprechend einer Ausbeute von 65%.
Allgemeine Daten: C18H35NO4Si, FG = 357.56 g/mol
13C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): 173.22 (s), 154.02 (s), 63.26 (t)1, 62.94 (t), 58.32 (d), 35.47 (t), 32.52 (t), 28.32 (d), 25.92 (q), 25.36 (t), 24.18 (t), 18.29 (s), 17.92 (q), 14.61(q), -5.34(q) A solution of 755 mg (5,845 mmol) of (4S) -4- (1-methylethyl) -2-oxazolidinone 24 in 8 ml of THF is cooled to -78 ° C and added dropwise with 4.0 ml (6.43 mmol, 1.1 equiv) of a n -BuLi solution (1.6 M in hexane) added. A solution of 1,703 g (6.43 mmol, 1.1 equiv) of acid chloride 23 in 7 ml of THF is then added at -78 ° C. in the course of 2 minutes. The mixture is allowed to warm to RT and 11 ml of a 1 M aqueous K 2 CO 3 solution are added and the mixture is stirred for 15 minutes. It is extracted with CH 2 Cl 2 , dried over MgSO 4 and the solvent is distilled off on a rotary evaporator. The residue is purified by column chromatography with pentane: DE = 1: 1. 1,352 g (3.78 mmol) of compound 7 are obtained, corresponding to a yield of 65%.
General data: C 18 H 35 NO 4 Si, FG = 357.56 g / mol
13 C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl 3 ): 173.22 (s), 154.02 (s), 63.26 (t) 1 , 62.94 (t), 58.32 (d), 35.47 (t), 32.52 (t), 28.32 ( d), 25.92 (q), 25.36 (t), 24.18 (t), 18.29 (s), 17.92 (q), 14.61 (q), -5.34 (q)

Darstellung von 3-[6-[(tert-Butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]-2-methyl-hexandyl]-4- isopropyl-oxazolidin-2-on 25, D.A. Evans, A.E. Weber J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 6757-6761Preparation of 3- [6 - [(tert-butyldimethylsilyl) oxy] -2-methyl-hexandyl] -4- isopropyl-oxazolidin-2-one 25, THERE. Evans, A.E. Weber J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 6757-6761

Es werden 1.231 ml (1.231 mmol, 1.1 equiv) einer 1 M Lösung von NaHMDS in THF auf -78°C gekühlt und tropfenweise mit einer auf 0°C gekühlten Lösung von 400 mg (1.119 mmol) Oxazolidinon 7 in 3.5 ml THF versetzt. Man läßt 30 Minuten bei -78°C rühren, addiert 793 mg (5.593 mmol, 5 equiv) Mel gelöst in 2 ml THF und läßt für 4 h bei -78°C rühren. Anschließend wird mit ges. NH4Cl-Lösung gequencht, mit Diethylether extrahiert, über MgSO4 getrocknet und eingeengt. Der Rückstand wird säulenchromatographisch mit Pentan:DE = 2 : 1 gereinigt, wobei das in geringem Maße entstandene unerwünschte Diastereomer leicht abgetrennt werden kann. Man erhält 328 mg (0.917 mmol) des methylierten Produkts 25, entsprechend einer Ausbeute von 82%.
Allgemeine Daten: C19H37NO4Si, FG = 371.59 g/mol
13C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): 177.13 (s), 153.60 (s), 63.13 (t), 62.95 (t), 58.38 (d), 37.63 (d), 32.83 (t), 32.78 (t), 28.37 (d), 25.92 (q), 23.50 (t), 18.29 (s), 17.89 (q), 17.76 (q), 14.63 (q), -5.33(q)1,231 ml (1,231 mmol, 1.1 equiv) of a 1 M solution of NaHMDS in THF are cooled to -78 ° C and a solution of 400 mg (1,119 mmol) oxazolidinone 7 in 3.5 ml THF cooled to 0 ° C is added dropwise. The mixture is stirred at -78 ° C. for 30 minutes, 793 mg (5,593 mmol, 5 equiv) of Mel dissolved in 2 ml of THF are added and the mixture is stirred at -78 ° C. for 4 h. Then with sat. Quenched NH 4 Cl solution, extracted with diethyl ether, dried over MgSO 4 and concentrated. The residue is purified by column chromatography with pentane: DE = 2: 1, the undesirable diastereomer which has formed to a small extent being able to be separated off easily. 328 mg (0.917 mmol) of the methylated product 25 are obtained, corresponding to a yield of 82%.
General data: C 19 H 37 NO 4 Si, FG = 371.59 g / mol
13 C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl 3 ): 177.13 (s), 153.60 (s), 63.13 (t), 62.95 (t), 58.38 (d), 37.63 (d), 32.83 (t), 32.78 (t ), 28.37 (d), 25.92 (q), 23.50 (t), 18.29 (s), 17.89 (q), 17.76 (q), 14.63 (q), -5.33 (q)

Darstellung von 6-[(tert-Butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]-2-methyl-hexan-1ol 26, D.A. Evans, A.E. Weber J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 6757-6761Preparation of 6 - [(tert-butyldimethylsilyl) oxy] -2-methyl-hexan-1ol 26, THERE. Evans, A.E. Weber J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 6757-6761

Zu einer auf 0°C gekühlten Lösung von 168 mg (0.452 mmol) der Verbindung 25 in 3 ml Diethylether wird über einen Zeitraum von 40 Minuten mit Hilfe einer Dosierpumpe 0,452 ml (0.452 mmol, 1 equiv) einer 1 M Lösung von LAH in Diethylether zugegeben. Falls sich DC-chromatographisch noch Edukt nachweisen läßt, wird weitere LAH-Lösung zugetropft bis die Umsetzung vollständig ist. Es wird gequencht durch die Zugabe von 17 ml Wasser, 17 ml 15%iger wäßriger NaOH- Lösung und 52 ml Wasser. Anschließend wird über grobes Kieselgel mit Diethylether flashfiltriert und säulenchromatographisch mit Pentan:DE = 1 : 1 gereinigt. Man erhält 94 mg (0.381 mmol) des Alkohols 26, entsprechend einer Au beute von 84%.
Allgemeine Daten: C13H30O2Si, FG = 246.46 g/mol
13C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): 68.25 (t), 63.12 (t), 35.72 (d), 33.03 (t), 32.84 (t), 25.94 (q), 23.13 (t), 18.34 (s), 16.51(q), -5.29(q) 0.452 ml (0.452 mmol, 1 equiv) of a 1 M solution of LAH in diethyl ether is added to a solution of 168 mg (0.452 mmol) of compound 25 in 3 ml of diethyl ether cooled to 0 ° C. over a period of 40 minutes admitted. If starting material can still be detected by TLC, further LAH solution is added dropwise until the reaction is complete. It is quenched by adding 17 ml of water, 17 ml of 15% aqueous NaOH solution and 52 ml of water. It is then flash-filtered over coarse silica gel with diethyl ether and purified by column chromatography with pentane: DE = 1: 1. 94 mg (0.381 mmol) of alcohol 26 are obtained, corresponding to a yield of 84%.
General data: C 13 H 30 O 2 Si, FG = 246.46 g / mol
13 C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl 3 ): 68.25 (t), 63.12 (t), 35.72 (d), 33.03 (t), 32.84 (t), 25.94 (q), 23.13 (t), 18.34 (see ), 16.51 (q), -5.29 (q)

Darstellung von 6-[(tert-Butyldimethylsiyl)oxy]-2-methyl-hexanal 4 D.A. Evans, A.E. Weber J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986,108, 6757-6761Preparation of 6 - [(tert-Butyldimethylsiyl) oxy] -2-methyl-hexanal 4 THERE. Evans, A.E. Weber J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 6757-6761

Eine Lösung aus 64 mg (0.505 mmol, 1.4 equiv) Oxalylchlorid in 2 ml CH2Cl2 wird auf -78°C gekühlt und 79 mg (1.011 mmol, 12.8 equiv) DMSO addiert. Nach 5 Minuten wird eine Lösung aus 89 mg (0.361 mmol) des Alkohols 26 in 1 ml CH2Cl2 zugetropft. Man läßt 30 Minuten bei -78°C rühren und addiert dann 161 mg (1.589 mmol, 4.4 equiv) NEt3. Man ersetzt das -78°C-Kältebad durch ein -30°C-Bad und läßt eine weitere Stunde rühren. Anschließend wird mit 5.2 ml Pentan verdünnt, mit 3.4 ml einer 1 M wäßrigen NaHSO4-Lösung und 3 mal mit je 3.4 ml Wasser gewaschen, über MgSO4 getrocknet und eingeengt. Der Rückstand wird mit Pentan:DE = 2 : 1 säulenchromatographisch gereinigt. Man erhält 77 mg (0.315 mmol) des Aldehyds 4, entsprechend einer Ausbeute von 87%.
Allgemeine Daten: C13H28O2Si, FG = 244.45 g/mol
13C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): 205.24 (d), 62.81(t), 46.30 (d), 32.73 (t), 30.25 (t), 25.93 (q), 23.25 (t), 18.33 (s), 13.25 (q), -5.32(q)A solution of 64 mg (0.505 mmol, 1.4 equiv) oxalyl chloride in 2 ml CH 2 Cl 2 is cooled to -78 ° C and 79 mg (1.011 mmol, 12.8 equiv) DMSO are added. After 5 minutes, a solution of 89 mg (0.361 mmol) of the alcohol 26 in 1 ml of CH 2 Cl 2 is added dropwise. The mixture is stirred at -78 ° C. for 30 minutes and then 161 mg (1,589 mmol, 4.4 equiv) NEt 3 are added . The -78 ° C cold bath is replaced by a -30 ° C bath and the mixture is stirred for another hour. The mixture is then diluted with 5.2 ml of pentane, washed with 3.4 ml of a 1 M aqueous NaHSO 4 solution and 3 times with 3.4 ml of water each time, dried over MgSO 4 and concentrated. The residue is purified by column chromatography with pentane: DE = 2: 1. 77 mg (0.315 mmol) of aldehyde 4 are obtained, corresponding to a yield of 87%.
General data: C 13 H 28 O 2 Si, FG = 244.45 g / mol
13 C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl 3 ): 205.24 (d), 62.81 (t), 46.30 (d), 32.73 (t), 30.25 (t), 25.93 (q), 23.25 (t), 18.33 (see ), 13.25 (q), -5.32 (q)

Die Herstellung von 2-Methyl-6-heptenal 4a erfolgt aus der käuflichen 6-Hepten­ säure; es wird analog der Herstellung von 23 das entsprechende Säurechlorid synthetisiert und dann über die beschriebenen Stufen 7 (Oxazolidinon) , 25 (Methylierung), 26 (Reduktion mit LAH) und 4 (Oxalylchlorid-Oxidation zum Aldehyd) das 2-Methyl-6-heptenal 4a erhalten.The production of 2-methyl-6-heptenal 4a takes place from the commercially available 6-heptene acid; analogously to the preparation of 23, the corresponding acid chloride synthesized and then via the described steps 7 (oxazolidinone), 25 (Methylation), 26 (reduction with LAH) and 4 (oxalyl chloride oxidation to Aldehyde) receive the 2-methyl-6-heptenal 4a.

Aus der 6-Methyl-6-heptensäure erfolgt über die gleiche Synthesesequenz die Herstellung von 2,6-Dimethyl-6-heptenal 4b.
The 6-methyl-6-heptenoic acid is used to produce 2,6-dimethyl-6-heptenal 4b using the same synthesis sequence.

Synthese von Segment 8Synthesis of segment 8

Arbeitsvorschriften zur Synthese von Segment 8: 3-[(t-Butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]-propanal 5Working instructions for the synthesis of segment 8: 3 - [(t-Butyldimethylsilyl) oxy] propanal 5

Synthese durch Monosilylierung von 1,3-Propandiol und anschließende Swern- Oxidation des entstandenen 3-[(t-Butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]-1-propanols.
Allgemeine Daten: C9H20O2Si; FG= 188.36; CAS-Nr. [89922-82-7]
13C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): d=202.05 (d), 57.42 (t), 46.58 (t), 25.82 (q), 18.23 (s), -5.43(q) Synthesis by monosilylation of 1,3-propanediol and subsequent Swern oxidation of the resulting 3 - [(t-butyldimethylsilyl) oxy] -1-propanol.
General data: C 9 H 20 O 2 Si; FG = 188.36; CAS number [89922-82-7]
13 C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl 3 ): d = 202.05 (d), 57.42 (t), 46.58 (t), 25.82 (q), 18.23 (s), -5.43 (q)

1-[(t-Butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-4-penten 271 - [(t-Butyldimethylsilyl) oxy] -3-hydroxy-4-methyl-4-pentene 27

Zu 443 mg Mg-Drehspänen (18.2 mmol) und 1.5 ml abs. THF unter N2 werden 0.2 ml 2-Brompropen gegeben, so daß die Reaktion anspringt. Es wird unter gelegentlicher Kühlung eine Lösung von 1.7 ml 2-Brompropen (insgesamt 22 mmol) in 6 ml abs. THF langsam zugetropft, bis alle Mg-Späne gelöst sind. Zu der noch warmen Mischung wird eine Lösung von 2.862 g 1 (15.2 mmol) in 6 ml abs. THF getropft. Es wird 6 h bei RT gerührt. Danach gibt man 25 ml ges. NH4Cl-Lsg. zu der Reaktionslösung und läßt 10 Min. rühren. Die Mischung wird in 30 ml ges. NH4Cl- Lsg. gegossen und zweimal mit Ether extrahiert. Die vereinigten org. Phasen werden je einmal mit ges. NH4Cl-Lsg. und ges. NaCl-Lsg. gewaschen. Man trocknet über MgSO4, engt im Vakuum ein und reinigt flashchromatographisch (Ether:Pentan = 1 : 6).
Man erhält 2.749 g 2 (11.9 mmol; 79% d. Th.) als farbloses Öl.
Allgemeine Daten: C12H26O2Si; FG=230.43
13C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): d=147.10(s), 110.39 (t), 75.21(d), 62.17 (t), 36.79 (t), 25.89 (q), 18.41(s), -5.49(q), -5.53(q)To 443 mg Mg turnings (18.2 mmol) and 1.5 ml abs. THF under N 2 are given 0.2 ml of 2-bromine propene so that the reaction starts. With occasional cooling, a solution of 1.7 ml of 2-bromopropene (22 mmol in total) in 6 ml of abs. THF slowly added dropwise until all Mg chips are dissolved. A solution of 2,862 g 1 (15.2 mmol) in 6 ml abs. THF dropped. The mixture is stirred at RT for 6 h. Then 25 ml of sat. NH 4 Cl solution. to the reaction solution and allowed to stir for 10 minutes. The mixture is sat in 30 ml. Poured NH 4 Cl solution and extracted twice with ether. The united org. Phases are recorded once with sat. NH 4 Cl solution. and sat. NaCl solution. washed. It is dried over MgSO 4 , concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography (ether: pentane = 1: 6).
2,749 g 2 (11.9 mmol; 79% of theory) are obtained as a colorless oil.
General data: C 12 H 26 O 2 Si; FG = 230.43
13 C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl 3 ): d = 147.10 (s), 110.39 (t), 75.21 (d), 62.17 (t), 36.79 (t), 25.89 (q), 18.41 (s), - 5.49 (q), -5.53 (q)

(S)-1-[(t-Butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-4-penten 11(S) -1 - [(t-butyldimethylsilyl) oxy] -3-hydroxy-4-methyl-4-pentene 11

Man löst 600 mg 2 (2.60 mmol) und 91.5 mg (-)-Diisopropyltartrat (0.391 mmol) unter N2 in 10.4 ml abs. CH2Cl2 und versetzt mit 180 mg gepulvertem, frisch aktiviertem Molsieb 4 Å. Als interner Standard für die GC werden 100 ml n-Decan dazugegeben. Man kühlt auf -20°C ab und gibt unter Rühren 74 mg Titan(IV)- isopropylat (0.260 mmol) dazu. Nach 30 Min. wird ein aliquoter Teil von etwa 4 Tropfen entnommen und bei 0 °C mit einer Mischung von je etwa 0.15 ml Ether und Eisen(II)-sulfat-Zitronensäure-Lösung (s. unten) aufgearbeitet. Die org. Phase dient als t0-Probe für die GC. Man gibt 610 ml einer ca. 3 M-Lösung von t-Butylhydroperoxid in Isooctan (1.82 mmol) dazu. Die Reaktionsmischung wird im Kühlschrank bei -22°C aufbewahrt. Ein- bis zweimal täglich werden Proben entnommen und wie oben aufgearbeitet. Die jeweilige Konzentration von 11 wird gaschromatographisch bestimmt.600 mg 2 (2.60 mmol) and 91.5 mg (-) - diisopropyl tartrate (0.391 mmol) are dissolved in 10.4 ml abs under N 2 . CH 2 Cl 2 and mixed with 180 mg of powdered, freshly activated molecular sieve 4 Å. 100 ml of n-decane are added as an internal standard for the GC. It is cooled to -20 ° C. and 74 mg of titanium (IV) isopropylate (0.260 mmol) are added with stirring. After 30 minutes, an aliquot of about 4 drops is removed and worked up at 0 ° C. with a mixture of about 0.15 ml of ether and iron (II) sulfate-citric acid solution (see below). The org. Phase serves as a t 0 sample for the GC. 610 ml of an approximately 3 M solution of t-butyl hydroperoxide in isooctane (1.82 mmol) are added. The reaction mixture is stored in the refrigerator at -22 ° C. Samples are taken once or twice a day and processed as above. The respective concentration of 11 is determined by gas chromatography.

Nach 118 h wird die Reaktion bei etwa 50%-iger Umsetzung von 27 abgebrochen.After 118 h, the reaction is terminated with a 50% conversion of 27.

Bei -20°C wird eine frisch angesetzte, auf 0°C gekühlte Lösung von 3.3 g Eisen(II)-sulfat-heptahydrat und 1.1 g Zitronensäuremonohydrat in 10 ml dest. Wasser dazugegeben. Nach 20 Min. kräftigem Rühren ohne weitere Kühlung wird die Mischung dreimal mit CH2Cl2 extrahiert. Die ges. org. Phasen werden auf ca. 10 ml eingeengt und bei 0 °C 30 Min. lang mit 3 ml NaOH-Lsg. (30% in ges. NaCl-Lsg) gerührt. Es wird wiederum dreimal mit CH2Cl2 extrahiert, und die vereinigten org. Phasen werden mit ges. NaCl-Lsg. gewaschen, über MgSO4 getrocknet und eingeengt. Flashchromatographische Reinigung (Ether:Pentan = 1 : 6) liefert 274 mg 11 (1.19 mmol; 46% des Eduktes) als farbloses Öl.
Allgemeine Daten: C12H26O2Si; FG=230.43
(c=1, CHCl3), [a]D = -4.6°; ee = 90% (berechnet durch Integration der olefinischen 1H-NMR-Signale sowie des 1H-NMR-Signals der C-4-Methylprotonen der diastereomeren Reaktionsprodukte von 11 mit S(+)-a-Methoxy-a-trifluor- methyl­ phenylessigsäurechlorid, S(+)-MTPA-Cl).A freshly prepared, cooled to 0 ° C solution of 3.3 g iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate and 1.1 g citric acid monohydrate in 10 ml dist. Water added. After vigorous stirring for 20 minutes without further cooling, the mixture is extracted three times with CH 2 Cl 2 . The total org. Phases are concentrated to approx. 10 ml and at 0 ° C. for 30 minutes with 3 ml NaOH solution. (30% in saturated NaCl solution). It is extracted again three times with CH 2 Cl 2 , and the combined org. Phases are with sat. NaCl solution. washed, dried over MgSO 4 and concentrated. Flash chromatographic purification (ether: pentane = 1: 6) yields 274 mg 11 (1.19 mmol; 46% of the educt) as a colorless oil.
General data: C 12 H 26 O 2 Si; FG = 230.43
(c = 1, CHCl 3 ), [a] D = -4.6 °; ee = 90% (calculated by integrating the olefinic 1 H-NMR signals and the 1 H-NMR signal of the C-4-methyl protons of the diastereomeric reaction products of 11 with S (+) - a-methoxy-a-trifluoromethyl phenylacetic acid chloride, S (+) - MTPA-Cl).

Die absolute Konfiguration des überwiegenden Enantiomers wurde nach der Methode von MOSHER durch Vergleich der 1H-NMR-Spektren der Reaktionsprodukte von 11 mit S(+)-MTPA-Cl bzw. R(-)-MTPA-Cl bestimmt.The absolute configuration of the predominant enantiomer was determined by the MOSHER method by comparing the 1 H-NMR spectra of the reaction products of 11 with S (+) - MTPA-Cl and R (-) - MTPA-Cl.

(S)-3-Benzyloxy-1-[(t-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]-4-methyl-4-penten 28(S) -3-benzyloxy-1 - [(t-butyldimethylsilyl) oxy] -4-methyl-4-pentene 28

70 mg einer Suspension von 35% Kaliumhydrid in Mineralöl (0.609 mmol) werden unter N2 mit 0.5 ml abs. THF versetzt und auf 0°C gekühlt. Man gibt 1.5 ml Benzylbromid (12.6 mmol) dazu. Unter Rühren wird eine Lösung von 117 mg 11(0.508 mmol) und 3 mg Tetra-n-butylammoniumiodid (8 mmol) in 1 ml abs. THF dazugetropft. Nach 15 Min. läßt man auf RT erwärmen. Es wird 19 h gerührt, danach werden 8 ml ges. NH4Cl-Lsg. eingespritzt. Die Mischung wird zweimal mit Ether extrahiert, die vereinigten org. Phasen werden zweimal mit ges. NaCl-Lsg. und einmal mit Wasser gewaschen und über MgSO4 getrocknet. Nach dem Einengen am Rotationsverdampfer wird der Hauptteil des noch vorhandenen Benzylbromides bei RT im Hochvakuum abgezogen. Flashchromatographische Reinigung (Ether:Petrolether = 1 : 100) liefert 96 mg 28 (0.299 mmol; 59% d.Th.) als farbloses Öl.
Allgemeine Daten: C19H32O2Si, FG=320.54
13C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): d=144.70 (s), 138.87 (s), 128.33 (d), 127.78 (d), 127.40(d), 113.54(t), 80.03(d), 70.07 (t), 59.71(t), 37.18(t), 25.97 (q), 18.30(s), 16.75 (q), -5.28(q), -5.31(q) 70 mg of a suspension of 35% potassium hydride in mineral oil (0.609 mmol) of abs ml under N 2 with 0.5. THF added and cooled to 0 ° C. 1.5 ml of benzyl bromide (12.6 mmol) are added. A solution of 117 mg of 11 (0.508 mmol) and 3 mg of tetra-n-butylammonium iodide (8 mmol) in 1 ml of abs. THF added dropwise. After 15 minutes, the mixture is allowed to warm to RT. The mixture is stirred for 19 h, then 8 ml are sat. NH 4 Cl solution. injected. The mixture is extracted twice with ether, the combined org. Phases are recorded twice with sat. NaCl solution. and washed once with water and dried over MgSO 4 . After concentrating on a rotary evaporator, the main part of the benzyl bromide still present is removed at RT in a high vacuum. Flash chromatographic purification (ether: petroleum ether = 1: 100) yields 96 mg 28 (0.299 mmol; 59% of theory) as a colorless oil.
General data: C 19 H 32 O 2 Si, FG = 320.54
13 C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl 3 ): d = 144.70 (s), 138.87 (s), 128.33 (d), 127.78 (d), 127.40 (d), 113.54 (t), 80.03 (d), 70.07 (t), 59.71 (t), 37.18 (t), 25.97 (q), 18.30 (s), 16.75 (q), -5.28 (q), -5.31 (q)

(S)-3-Benzyloxy-5-[(t-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]-2-pentanon 9(S) -3-benzyloxy-5 - [(t-butyldimethylsilyl) oxy] -2-pentanone 9

Zu einer Mischung aus 1.5 ml THF und 1.5 ml Wasser werden 38 mg 28 (118 mmol) gegeben. 48 mg einer Lsg. von 2.5% OsO4 in t-Butanol (4.7 mmol) werden mit 0.5 ml THF gemischt und dazugetropft. Es wird 5 Min. gerührt; dann werden 127 mg NalO4 (590 mmol) dazugegeben. Nach 12 h kräftigem Rühren bei RT wird die Reaktionsmischung in 20 ml Ether gegossen und mit 5 ml Wasser verdünnt. Man extrahiert zweimal mit Ether, trocknet die vereinigten org. Phasen über MgSO4 und engt ein. Flashchromatographische Reinigung (Ether:Pentan = 1 : 4) liefert 14 mg 5 (43.4 mmol; 37% d.Th.) als graubraunes Öl.
Allgemeine Daten: C18H30O3Si; FG=322. 53
13C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): d=211.00(s), 137.67(s), 128.51 (d)1 127.94(d), 127.90 (d), 82.00 (d), 72.59 (t), 58.68 (t), 35.23 (t), 25.94 (q), 25.68 (q), 18.30 (s), -5.38 (q), -5.43(q)38 mg 28 (118 mmol) are added to a mixture of 1.5 ml THF and 1.5 ml water. 48 mg of a solution of 2.5% OsO 4 in t-butanol (4.7 mmol) are mixed with 0.5 ml THF and added dropwise. The mixture is stirred for 5 minutes; then 127 mg of NalO 4 (590 mmol) are added. After vigorous stirring at RT for 12 h, the reaction mixture is poured into 20 ml of ether and diluted with 5 ml of water. It is extracted twice with ether, the combined org. Phases over MgSO 4 and concentrated. Flash chromatographic purification (ether: pentane = 1: 4) yields 14 mg 5 (43.4 mmol; 37% of theory) as a gray-brown oil.
General data: C 18 H 30 O 3 Si; FG = 322. 53
13 C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl 3 ): d = 211.00 (s), 137.67 (s), 128.51 (d) 1 127.94 (d), 127.90 (d), 82.00 (d), 72.59 (t), 58.68 (t), 35.23 (t), 25.94 (q), 25.68 (q), 18.30 (s), -5.38 (q), -5.43 (q)

4-Hydroxymethyl-2-methylthiazol 294-hydroxymethyl-2-methylthiazole 29

Die Verbindung 29 wird durch Ringschluß von L-Cystein-methylester-hydrochlorid mit Acetaldehyd, anschließender Dehydrierung über MnO2 und Reduktion der Methylestergruppe durch LAH hergestellt.
Allgemeine Daten: C5H7NOS; FG= 129.19; GAS-Nr. [76632-23-0]
13C-NMR (50 MHz, CDCl3): d=167 (s), 156.0(s), 114.4(d), 60.5 (t), 19.0(q)Compound 29 is prepared by ring closure of L-cysteine methyl ester hydrochloride with acetaldehyde, subsequent dehydrogenation over MnO 2 and reduction of the methyl ester group by LAH.
General data: C 5 H 7 NOS; FG = 129.19; GAS no. [76632-23-0]
13 C-NMR (50 MHz, CDCl 3 ): d = 167 (s), 156.0 (s), 114.4 (d), 60.5 (t), 19.0 (q)

4-Brommethyl-2-methylthiazol 304-bromomethyl-2-methylthiazole 30

Man löst 60 mg 29 (0.464 mmol) in 1 ml abs. Ether und gibt unter Rühren 47 mg Triphenylphosphin (0.511 mmol) und 169 mg Tetrabrommethan (0.511 mmol) dazu. Nach 16 h Rühren (RT) wird der Niederschlag abfiltriert und mit Ether gewaschen. Das Filtrat wird eingeengt und flashchromato-graphisch gereinigt (Ether:Pentan = 1 : 5). Man erhält 33 mg 30 (0.172 mmol; 37% d.Th.) als helles bräunliches Öl.
Allgemeine Daten: C5H6BrNS; FG=192.08
13C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): d=166.91(s), 151.63(s), 117.25(d), 27.11(t), 19.25 (q) 60 mg of 29 (0.464 mmol) are dissolved in 1 ml of abs. Ether and with stirring 47 mg triphenylphosphine (0.511 mmol) and 169 mg tetrabromomethane (0.511 mmol). After stirring for 16 h (RT), the precipitate is filtered off and washed with ether. The filtrate is concentrated and purified by flash chromatography (ether: pentane = 1: 5). 33 mg of 30 (0.172 mmol; 37% of theory) are obtained as a light brownish oil.
General data: C 5 H 6 BrNS; FG = 192.08
13 C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl 3 ): d = 166.91 (s), 151.63 (s), 117.25 (d), 27.11 (t), 19.25 (q)

Verbindung 10Connection 10

150 mg 1(0.78 mmol) und 300 ml Triethylphosphit (1.75 mmol) werden 1.5 h lang auf 160°C erhitzt. Nach dem Abkühlen wird das überschüssige Triethylphosphit im Vakuum abdestilliert. Flashchromatographische Reinigung (Ether/Methanol = 19 : 1) liefert 173 mg 2 (89% d. Th.) als schwach gelbliches Öl.
13C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): d = 165.44(s), 145.96 (ds, 2J(C,P)=8.2 Hz), 115.67 (dd, 3J(C,P)=7.4 Hz), 62.19 (dt, 2 C, 2J(C,P)=6.4 Hz), 29.35 (dt, 1J(C,P)=141 Hz), 19.05 (q), 16.35 (dq, 2 C, 3J(C,P)=6.0 Hz)
(Anmerkung: Bei den zweifachen Angaben zur Signalmultiplizität bezieht sich das führende Zeichen auf die im Spektrum sichtbare durch C,P-Kopplung verursachte Multiplizität und das folgende Zeichen auf die durch C,H-Kopplung verursachte, im Standardspektrum unsichtbare Multiplizität.)150 mg 1 (0.78 mmol) and 300 ml triethyl phosphite (1.75 mmol) are heated to 160 ° C for 1.5 h. After cooling, the excess triethyl phosphite is distilled off in vacuo. Flash chromatographic purification (ether / methanol = 19: 1) yields 173 mg 2 (89% of theory) as a slightly yellowish oil.
13 C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl 3 ): d = 165.44 (s), 145.96 (ds, 2 J (C, P) = 8.2 Hz), 115.67 (dd, 3 J (C, P) = 7.4 Hz) , 62.19 (dt, 2 C, 2 J (C, P) = 6.4 Hz), 29.35 (dt, 1 J (C, P) = 141 Hz), 19.05 (q), 16.35 (dq, 2 C, 3 J (C, P) = 6.0 Hz)
(Note: In the case of the double information on signal multiplicity, the leading symbol refers to the multiplicity visible in the spectrum caused by C, P coupling and the following symbol to the multiplicity invisible in the standard spectrum caused by C, H coupling.)

Verbindung 8Connection 8

Unter N2 werden 33 mg 2 (132 mmol) in 2 ml abs. THF gelöst und auf -78°C gekühlt. Man tropft 78 ml n-BuLi-Lsg. (15% in Hexan; 125 mmol) dazu und läßt 45 Min. rühren. Anschließend wird bei -78°C eine Lösung von 35 mg Methylketon 9 (109 mmol) in 1 ml abs. THF dazugegeben. Nach langsamer Erwärmung auf RT läßt man noch 40 h rühren und gibt dann 10 ml ges. NH4Cl-Lsg. zu der Reaktionsmischung. Es wird dreimal mit je 15 ml Ether extrahiert. Die vereinigten org. Phasen werden zweimal mit wenig Wasser und einmal mit ges. NaCl-Lsg. gewaschen. Nach dem Trocknen über MgSO4 wird das Lösungsmittel am Rotationsverdampfer abdestilliert. Flashchromatographische Reinigung (Pentan/Dichlormethan = 1 : 1, dann 1 : 2) liefert 17 mg 4 (38% d. Th.) als farbloses Öl.
13C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): d = 164.4 (s), 152.90 (s), 139.74 (s), 138.84 (s), 128.33 (d, 2 C), 127.77 (d, 2 C), 127.41 (d), 121.33 (d), 115.67 (d), 82.00 (d), 70.30 (t), 59.69 (t), 37.58 (t), 25.98 (q, 3 C), 19.26 (q), 18.30 (s), 13.44 (q), -5.25(q), -5.31 (q)Under N 2, 33 mg of 2 (132 mmol) in 2 ml of abs. THF dissolved and cooled to -78 ° C. 78 ml of n-BuLi solution are added dropwise. (15% in hexane; 125 mmol) and let stir for 45 min. A solution of 35 mg of methyl ketone 9 (109 mmol) in 1 ml of abs. THF added. After slowly warming to RT, stirring is continued for 40 h and then 10 ml of sat. NH 4 Cl solution. to the reaction mixture. It is extracted three times with 15 ml ether each. The united org. Phases are carried out twice with a little water and once with sat. NaCl solution. washed. After drying over MgSO 4 , the solvent is distilled off on a rotary evaporator. Flash chromatographic purification (pentane / dichloromethane = 1: 1, then 1: 2) yields 17 mg 4 (38% of theory) as a colorless oil.
13 C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl 3 ): d = 164.4 (s), 152.90 (s), 139.74 (s), 138.84 (s), 128.33 (d, 2 C), 127.77 (d, 2 C), 127.41 (d), 121.33 (d), 115.67 (d), 82.00 (d), 70.30 (t), 59.69 (t), 37.58 (t), 25.98 (q, 3 C), 19.26 (q), 18.30 ( s), 13.44 (q), -5.25 (q), -5.31 (q)

Die Darstellung von 8b
The representation of 8b

erfolgt aus
takes place from

wobei der TBDMS-Ether mit Fluorid gespalten wird, der primäre Alkohol mittels Dess.-Martin-Oxidatin (Perjodat) in den Aldehyd und dieser mit dem Methylen- Wittig-Reagenz (Ph3=CH2) in die Verbindung 8b überführt wird. Die Schutzgruppe Benzyl ist beliebig gegen andere gängige Hydroxyl-Schutzgruppen austauschbar oder in den freien Alkohol 8b überführbar. whereby the TBDMS ether is cleaved with fluoride, the primary alcohol is converted into the aldehyde by means of Dess.-Martin oxidatin (periodate) and this is converted into the compound 8b with the methylene-Wittig reagent (Ph 3 = CH 2 ). The protective group benzyl can be exchanged for other common hydroxyl protective groups or converted into the free alcohol 8b.

Darstellung von (4S,6S)-2-(2,2-dimethyl-[1,3]dioxan-4-yl)-5-hydroxy-2,4,6- trimethyl-undecan-3-on 91Preparation of (4S, 6S) -2- (2,2-dimethyl- [1,3] dioxan-4-yl) -5-hydroxy-2,4,6- trimethyl-undecan-3-one 91

Zu einer Lösung von 23 mg Diisopropylamin (0.227 mmol, leq.) in ml THF werden bei 0°C 142 γl (0.227 mmol, 1 eq.) einer 1.6 M Lösung von n-BuLi in Hexan zugetropft und 30 Minuten bei 0°C gerührt, bevor dann auf -78°C heruntergekühlt wird. Nun werden 49 mg (0.227 mmol, 1 eq.) (S)-2-(2,2-dimethyl- [1,3]dioxan-4-yl-2-methyl-pentan-3-on 3 (siehe DE 196 36 343.8), gelöst in 1 ml THF langsam zugetropft. Die Lösung wird 35 Minuten bei -78°C gerührt. Anschließend werden 55 mg (0.224 mmol, 099 eq.) 2-Methyl-heptanal 4a (analog erfolgt hier die Zugabe von 2,6-Dimethyl-6-heptenal 4b, um die entsprechenden Methylderivate zu erhalten) zugetropft und 1 h bei -78°C gerührt. Die Reaktionslösung wird durch Zugabe von gesättigter NH4Cl-Lösung gequenscht und auf RT erwärmt. Die wäßrige Phase wird mit Ether extrahiert, die vereinigten organischen Phasen über MgSO4 getrocknet und das Lösungsmittel am Rotationsverdampfer abdestilliert. Der Rückstand wird säulenchromatographisch mit Pentan:Diethylether = 2 : 1 gereinigt. Man erhält 55 mg (0.107 mmol, 52%) des Aldolprodukts als farbloses Öl.
142 γl (0.227 mmol, 1 eq.) Of a 1.6 M solution of n-BuLi in hexane are added dropwise to a solution of 23 mg of diisopropylamine (0.227 mmol, leq.) In ml of THF at 0 ° C. and at 30 ° C. for 30 minutes stirred before cooling down to -78 ° C. Now 49 mg (0.227 mmol, 1 eq.) (S) -2- (2,2-dimethyl- [1,3] dioxan-4-yl-2-methylpentan-3-one 3 (see DE 196 36 343.8), slowly added dropwise in 1 ml of THF, and the solution is stirred for 35 minutes at -78 ° C. 55 mg (0.224 mmol, 099 eq.) Of 2-methyl-heptanal 4a are then added (analogously, 2 , 6-dimethyl-6-heptenal 4b, in order to obtain the corresponding methyl derivatives), and added dropwise for 1 h at -78 ° C. The reaction solution is quenched by the addition of saturated NH 4 Cl solution and warmed to RT. The aqueous phase becomes extracted with ether, the combined organic phases dried over MgSO 4 and the solvent distilled off on a rotary evaporator The residue is purified by column chromatography with pentane: diethyl ether = 2: 1. 55 mg (0.107 mmol, 52%) of the aldol product are obtained as a colorless oil.

Gemäß konventioneller Methoden wird der Benzyl- oder TBDMS-Ether 91 hergestellt, es können hier auch andere Hydroxylschutzgruppen, wie bereits für B offenbart, verwendet werden.
The benzyl or TBDMS ether 91 is prepared in accordance with conventional methods; other hydroxyl protecting groups, as already disclosed for B, can also be used here.

Die Stufenfolge bis 94 ist analog dem Stand der Technik, dem Fachmann also bekannt, konventionelle Schutzgruppenchemie.
The step sequence up to 94 is analogous to the prior art, that is to say to the person skilled in the art, conventional protective group chemistry.

Durch Oxidation, z. B. Pyridiniumdichromat wird die Carbonsäure 95 erhalten
By oxidation, e.g. B. pyridinium dichromate, the carboxylic acid 95 is obtained

Die Veresterung zu Verbindungen der allgemeine Formel 2b erfolgt hier beispielsweise mit DMAP/DCCI, (Angew. Chem. 90, (1978), S. 556).
The esterification to compounds of the general formula 2b takes place here, for example, with DMAP / DCCI, (Angew. Chem. 90, (1978), p. 556).

Für die Synthese ist besonders der Methylester 96 geeignet,
Methyl ester 96 is particularly suitable for the synthesis,

In analoger Weise lassen sich aus 80,
Analogously, 80,

siehe die nachveröffentlichte DE 196 36 343.8, die Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formel 2a
see the post-published DE 196 36 343.8, the compounds of the general formula 2a

herstellen.produce.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch Stereoisomere der Verbindungen gemäß der Ansprüche, wie diese üblicherweise innerhalb der Synthese anfallen.The invention also relates to stereoisomers of the compounds according to the claims, as are usually obtained during synthesis.

Die Erfindung beinhaltet auch Verfahren zur Herstellung der Verbindungen gemäß der Patentansprüche.The invention also includes processes for the preparation of the compounds according to of claims.

Claims (2)

1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Epothilon A oder B
worin R = Wasserstoff (A) oder eine Methylgruppe (B) bedeuten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Thiazolalkyldien-alkohol-derivat der Formel 8c
mit einer Carbonsäure der allgemeinen Formel 2c
worin B = Benzyl-, Tetrahydropyranyl- und/oder eine Silylschutzgruppe(n) und
R = Wasserstoff oder Methyl
bedeuten,
verestert wird, der erhaltene Ester mittels einer Olefinmetathese in Gegenwart eines Edelmetallkatalysators ringgeschlossen und die neu entstandene Doppelbindung epoxidiert wird und die Hydroxylschutzgruppen gespalten werden. 1. Process for the preparation of epothilone A or B
wherein R = hydrogen (A) or a methyl group (B), characterized in that a thiazolalkyldiene alcohol derivative of the formula 8c
with a carboxylic acid of general formula 2c
where B = benzyl, tetrahydropyranyl and / or a silyl protecting group (s) and
R = hydrogen or methyl
mean,
is esterified, the ester obtained is ring-closed by means of an olefin metathesis in the presence of a noble metal catalyst, the newly formed double bond is epoxidized and the hydroxyl protective groups are cleaved. 2. Zwischenprodukte der Herstellung gemäß Anspruch 1 gemäß allgemeiner Formel 1a
worin B = Benzyl-, Tetrahydropyranyl- und/oder eine Silylschutzgruppe(n) und
R = Wasserstoff oder Methyl
bedeuten.2. Intermediates of the preparation according to claim 1 according to general formula 1a
where B = benzyl, tetrahydropyranyl and / or a silyl protecting group (s) and
R = hydrogen or methyl
mean.
DE19645362A 1996-08-30 1996-10-28 Production of epothilone compounds with taxol-like activity Withdrawn DE19645362A1 (en)

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DE19645362A DE19645362A1 (en) 1996-10-28 1996-10-28 Production of epothilone compounds with taxol-like activity
NZ334821A NZ334821A (en) 1996-08-30 1997-01-15 Method for producing epothilones
EP97914077A EP0923583A1 (en) 1996-08-30 1997-01-15 Method for producing epothilones, and intermediate products obtained during the production process
PCT/DE1997/000111 WO1998008849A1 (en) 1996-08-30 1997-01-15 Method for producing epothilones, and intermediate products obtained during the production process
JP10511141A JP2001500851A (en) 1996-08-30 1997-01-15 Process for producing epothilone and intermediate products obtained during the process
AU21493/97A AU716610B2 (en) 1996-08-30 1997-01-15 Method for producing epothilones, and intermediate products obtained during the production process
US08/921,512 US5969145A (en) 1996-08-30 1997-09-02 Process for the production of epothilones and intermediate products within the process
US09/344,713 US6043372A (en) 1996-08-30 1999-06-25 Intermediates in the process for preparing epothilones
US09/478,466 US6156905A (en) 1996-08-30 2000-01-06 Deoxy epothilones and intermediates utilized in the process for preparing epothilones

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