DE19818343C1 - Cathodically protecting metal-reinforced concrete surfaces, especially steel concrete in buildings using anode elements containing one of more solar cells - Google Patents

Abstract

Cathodically protecting metal-reinforced concrete surfaces, especially steel concrete comprises using anode elements containing one of more solar cells. The solar cells are connected to the anode of the anode element and the metal to provide a current supply.

Description

The invention relates to a method for cathodic Rust protection for the renovation of metal-reinforced concrete surfaces, especially reinforced concrete, by attaching prefabricated anode elements.

From US-PS 5 366 604 it is known for solar cells to use cathodic corrosion protection. There metallic bodies laid in the ground, especially Pipes to be protected.

In US-SIR H 1644 there is also a cathodic one Corrosion protection using solar cells described. Port facilities are to be protected there.

A special solar cell is known from US Pat. No. 5,672,214 known that is stabilized by concrete.

In reinforced concrete construction, structures are caused by rusting of the reinforcement statically threatened and often have to return regularly renovations are carried out. These renovations are very expensive.

In the article by Michael Raupach, cathodic corrosion protection in reinforced concrete construction, concrete 12/92, page 674 ff Process for cathodic corrosion protection in reinforced concrete construction described, also in the Heraeus company brochure  "Titanode", October 1990.

Under normal conditions, the steel in the concrete is through passivation protected. By penetrating Salt water or carbon dioxide from the air becomes this Passivation destroyed and the iron of the reinforcement in the Concrete can rust. Positive iron arises from the iron iron ions. The released electrons rea yaw in other places with oxygen and water and form hydroxyl ions. These hydroxyl ions combine with the positively charged iron ions and ultimately form Lich iron oxides.

The progression of rusting is avoided in that the electron donation is counteracted by the fact that maintain a weak electrical counter current becomes. This counter current is additionally supplied by one brought anode accomplished. Here sit down at the Anode the hydroxyl ions to oxygen, water and Electrons around and on the cathode become oxygen and water consumed by reduction by means of the electrons and the Formation of the hydroxyl ions again.

It is state of the art that the anode is serpentine, to use polymer-coated copper wires or platinum attach oxide-coated titanium nets to the concrete. Also Prefabricated mesh anodes, which are subsequently mortared are part of the state of the art.  

Cathodic corrosion protection requires a direct current source. The anodes must therefore are constantly under direct current via wire connections. However, the electricity consumption is total seen very little overall.

An area of approx. 1000 m ^{2 of} concrete requires an output of approx. 100 watts. The procurement of a suitable power source and its regular control require a high financial outlay and regular checks.

The object of the invention was therefore to propose a method in which the cathodic Corrosion protection can be operated more economically on all concrete surfaces to be renovated and / or the provision of direct current from the public power grid is avoided becomes.

The object of the invention could be solved by the characterizing part of claim 1 the.

Here prefabricated thin-layer anode elements are preferably used in plate form det, in which a separate power supply is installed. It is also any other shape possible. The power supply is achieved by solar cells.

The anode elements are therefore preferably attached to the surface of the concrete and can be covered with one or more solar cells. The arrangement of the solar cells in a larger area can also be architectural design to have.

One possibility of surface design is the surface structure of the panels shaped anode elements, in which all variations are possible from smooth to strongly structured and there are no limits to the imagination.

The anode elements can also be conductively connected to solar cells and between An There can be a certain distance between the element and the solar cell.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention arises when the thin layer term, plate-shaped anode elements incorporated solar cells. The solar cells can be flush-fitted, protruding or recessed into the anode elements be prepared.

When light hits the solar cells, electricity is generated that is used to maintain the Direct current is used for the cathodic rust protection.

The anode elements, preferably thin-film and plate-shaped, consist of anode material and a carrier.  

The solar cells can be built into this carrier or attached to it and attached to it ground material are connected.

The carrier material can consist of a wide variety of materials, all preferably starting from one closing surface protection treatment must withstand the weather.

This can be: All suitable inorganic materials, e.g. B. cement mortar or plastic hardened cement mortar or concrete substitute or shotcrete (hardened spray ton) if anode material and solar cells have been attached beforehand.

Likewise, plastic is basically suitable as a carrier, such as. B. EP resin, also as a bandage medium, with Styrodur or a similar material possible for weight reasons Lich, which can also be inexpensive in terms of thermal insulation and thus bridges heat and cold can switch or eliminate.

In order to maintain the electrolytic coupling to the reinforcement in the beam material channels or grooves and / or only conical recesses incorporated. Such Connection connections are also created by the structure of the carrier material itself. Via these channels, grooves, conical depressions or other structures, the elek trolytic contact between anode material and cathode (reinforcement) instead. Are at the same time it the trails for electrolytes / salts, especially for the chlorides, away from the reinforcement (Cathode), which can no longer rust.

The connection of prefabricated anode element and concrete surface, the loose concrete parts in front can be removed and the reinforcement is exposed at certain points, can be done electrically conductive mortars made of inorganic materials, electrically conductive, organic plastics or a mixture of both materials or with steel fiber grout become.

Before grouting, the prefabricated anode element on the concrete surface to be renovated is mecha niche to fix or glue to the concrete base with tools or both fixings possibilities have to be combined. Lateral, upper and lower endings can be made from the processing anode material prepared and as a side or bottom end or as Ab cover to be laid.

Depending on the size of the object, separate finishing parts can be made for this purpose, which can be found in the Overall renovation and design concepts are included. Further details of the invention emerge from the subclaims.

Claims (10)

1. A method for cathodic rust protection for the renovation of metal-reinforced concrete surfaces, in particular steel concrete, by attaching prefabricated anode elements, characterized in that anode elements are used which contain one or more solar cells, and for the power supply for cathodic protection, the solar cells with the anode of the anode element and the metal reinforcement are connected ver. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized, that it is on structures, engineering structures or on individuals Components such as balconies, parapets, facades, supports is used.   3. The method according to claim 1, characterized, that the solar cells in the anode elements flush, protruding or back worked, resulting in creative possibilities or on the surface of the An ode elements applied or otherwise connected and / or the solar cells themselves be attached creatively. 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the anode element consists of an anode material and a carrier, the an is embedded in the carrier material. 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the carrier made of all suitable inorganic materials, e.g. B. cement mortar, too plastic-coated cement mortar or concrete substitute material or other carriers or light carriers, which are bound with EP resin or other resins, from ge important technical reasons and / or thermal insulation reasons also Styrodur or similar che materials are used.   6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized, that in the carrier material channels or grooves and / or only conical depressions worked or already exist in the structure of the carrier itself, via which the electro lytic contact between anode material and cathode is established and these channels as Trails for electrolytes, especially chlorides, act. 7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the surface design of the anode elements from smooth to strongly structured in all varia is possible and the surface can be finally coated or in the case of lightweight anode Insulation boards can finally be reworked with thin plaster. 8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the anode elements are thin-layered, plate-shaped, prefabricated or in all possible and suitable shapes, in particular angular or round, or the surface of which has been finally coated can. 9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the connection of the prefabricated anode element and the concrete surface by casting lei tendency mortars made of inorganic materials or electrically conductive, organic plastics or a mixture of both components or made of steel fiber mortar, the An Dowel the element on the concrete surface before casting or glue it to the concrete base or to combine both mounting options or that the connection with one commercially available adhesive or over the abutting edges of the plates themselves, in particular through a Tongue and groove profiling is carried out.   10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized, that lateral, upper and lower endings on concrete parts from existing anode plate material rial are prepared and laid as a side or bottom end or as a cover or depending on the size of the object also custom-made end parts made of anode plate mate rial are made.