DE19920365A1 - Fastening and detachment of workpiece and carrier for precision processing, e.g. machining, employs intervening adhesive layer, forming attachment in accurate registration - Google Patents

Abstract

The carrier (18) is coated with adhesive on the side facing the workpiece (4). The workpiece is then laid onto the carrier, precisely orientated and centered, to be adhered in place. An Independent claim is included for a device separating the workpiece from the carrier. A gaseous, liquid or solid medium of variable form, is used to force separation, mechanically. Preferred features: Adhesive layers used, can be removed completely, without residue, from the surface of the workpiece. A two-component adhesive is used, hardening as a function of temperature. It hardens as a function of pressure. To center and mount the carrier, quick-acting cylinders are used, ready-positioned at precise height on a bedplate patterned with holes. The cylinders have one or more guide pegs (17). A variant of the method is described, in which the workpiece is frozen into a liquid film, instead of using adhesive. A further variant employs magnetic holding. In separating workpiece and carrier, liquid or gaseous medium at high pressure is employed. Push-off screws are an alternative. Mechanically- or hydraulically-operated spring packs achieve separation. A parting agent or solvent breaks adhesion. Introduction into a hot bath causes separation, optionally also dissolving the adhesive. The heating effect is caused by an induction coil. Separation results from mechanical oscillation induced into the workpiece or its carrier.

Description

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for processing of workpieces with detachable workpiece carriers attached to them.

It is known with different registrations by the same applicant become highly precise and zero point oriented to process a workpiece, which is releasably attached to a perforated grid pallet. Here it is known to the perforated grid pallet one or more so-called quick release cylinders fasten, which interact with assigned retractable nipples that in the Quick release cylinders are detachably and securely clamped. With each the workpiece is then connected to a retractable nipple.

It is known to directly pull the respective retractable nipple with the to connect the workpiece to be machined. From older registrations of the It is known by the applicant, particularly backlash-free and highly precise fastenings between the retractable nipple and the workpiece to be machined, to achieve high-precision machining of the workpiece. To do this  however, provided that the retractable nipple is always with the one to be machined Workpiece is connected, which, however, as in some applications is felt to be disadvantageous. This is because the workpiece must have the appropriate dimensions Mounting holes are attached, which are used to attach the Retractable nipples on the workpiece are suitable. If editing the The workpiece is then finished, the retractable nipples are removed from the Mounting holes removed and these remain on the workpiece. This assumes that the workpiece through such mounting holes is additionally injured.

Measures are known, already existing holes on To use workpiece to attach the retractable nipple, then additional adapter pieces can be used.

However, all of these solutions do not lead to success when it comes to the To keep the underside of the workpiece as free of injury as possible, d. H. at the Bottom of the workpiece must not have any mounting holes, Fasteners or other means for connecting the retractable nipple to the Workpiece.

This is where the invention comes in, which has set itself the task of processing a workpiece that is moved from one processing station to another in the the same grid dimension and zero point oriented can be transferred so that an injury to the workpiece surface caused by an Workpiece carrier that interacts with a quick release cylinder, not given is.

To achieve the object, the invention is through the method and Device characterized according to the independent claims.

The method according to the invention is initially a method of use trained and provides as use that the workpiece carrier releasably over at least one adhesive layer is connected to the workpiece.

As a processing method it is provided that the workpiece carrier on his side facing the workpiece with at least one adhesive layer  is coated and that the workpiece is then precisely aligned and centered is placed on the respective workpiece carrier and glued there.

As far as the workpieces to be machined consist of metal, it is So around a metal bond between the workpiece carrier and the machining workpiece. Such an adhesive process has the essential Advantage that the surface of the workpiece is not affected, injured or is damaged by drilling because it is intended that the present Adhesive processes used adhesive layers completely and without residues the surface of the workpiece to be machined.

According to the current state of development, the following types of synthetic resins are suitable for adhesives in metal construction:
Epoxy resins, modified phenolic resins and polyester resins.

They come on the market as liquid, pasty or solid adhesives. The Most metal adhesives are so-called 2-component adhesives, which according to the completed mixture have a temperature-dependent curing time. It is not necessary to press the metal surfaces to be joined together. However, pressure hardeners can also be used, which are under cure at the appropriate pressure.

In addition, so-called super glue is also possible, which can be pressed on harden and work on an acrylate basis.

With the given technical teaching there is the essential advantage that now by means of a releasable adhesive connection, the workpiece is releasably attached to the intended Workpiece carriers is attached, the invention being a series of Provides options on how to re-use the adhesive bond used completely removed from the surface of the workpiece.

The appropriate workpiece carriers are glued to the workpiece previously known technology, namely the clamping of workpiece carriers by means of clamping or clamping claws on the workpiece to be machined, essential think. It is of course known to use clamps of this type To fix the workpiece carrier to the workpiece to be machined, also the workpiece through appropriate holes or other restraining devices  is affected. The use of clamps has that significant disadvantage that they protrude beyond the circumference of the workpiece, Take up space and unhindered machining of the workpiece affect.

With the given technical teaching there is the advantage that only corresponding workpiece carrier to the underside of the workpiece to be machined have to be fastened over the claimed adhesive connections, whereby then these workpiece carriers are connected to assigned retractable nipples and this retractable nipple with the quick release cylinders described above work together. In this way, a workpiece carrier with a Adhesive bonded workpiece to different Processing stations are transferred.

The retractable nipple attached to the underside works with the highly accurate quick-release cylinders arranged on the assigned perforated grid pallets together so that this workpiece on different Machining stations are processed with high precision and zero point can. It can be reclamped, turned over and processed from all sides become.

Of course, the present invention is not limited to such Workpiece holder via adhesive connections only on the underside of the to fix the workpiece to be machined. Of course it can too be possible to use these adhesive connections on the end faces or on the To attach tops.

The present invention thus generally claims adhesive bonding Workpiece carrier releasably connected to the workpiece, no matter where on the Workpiece are attached exactly.

In a first preferred embodiment it is provided that without With the help of quick release cylinders and retractable nipples Adhesive connections to be attached to the workpiece carrier on the underside of the Be glued to the workpiece.  

For the sake of simplicity, only the following will describe it assumed that the workpiece on the underside only with Workpiece carriers should be glued, although this is not the invention should limit.

In this embodiment, it must only be ensured that the Workpiece carrier highly precise and oriented on the underside of the Workpiece is glued. It is not yet assumed that the Workpiece carrier connected with appropriate centering aids and assembly aids is. This is the simplest execution case for executing the inventive method.

In another embodiment, however, it is provided that as Centering aid and as an assembly aid for the workpiece carriers to be fastened previously mentioned quick release cylinders are used, which already are attached with high precision on a perforated grid pallet. This quick release cylinder have the same gauge for machining the workpiece as it is on all other machining stations for machining the workpiece is available, so that by using a perforated grid and already attached, highly precisely arranged quick release cylinders the required gauge for the correct centering of the respective Workpiece carrier is given to the workpiece to be machined.

As already stated, the respective workpiece carrier is over one or several retractable nipples in the quick release cylinder, here there is a releasable clamping connection.

This type of clamping connection and the highly precise centering of the Workpiece carrier has the further advantage that the adhesive connection workpiece to be attached to the workpiece carrier completely free of tension, but is attached to the workpiece carrier with high precision.

If the workpiece is distorted, then only larger ones result Adhesive gaps on the workpiece carriers underneath, i.e. the Stress state of the workpiece when glued to the workpiece carrier in is not changed in any way. There is no delay and none  Twisting or clamping of the workpiece to be machined, so that this also processed with high precision in the downstream processing stations can be.

In addition to the adhesive connection shown here, other releasable ones Claims bonded, namely z. B. freezing compounds, the detachable connection between a workpiece to be machined and a Workpiece carrier is carried out via a freezing gap, d. H. this freezing gap is with filled with a freezable medium, which at correspondingly low Temperatures a suitable adhesive connection or adhesive connection between the workpiece and the workpiece carrier.

In addition to such a freeze connection, there are also magnetic ones Connections in use resulting from the use of Permanent magnets or consist of magnets with constant current.

The present invention provides a number of devices which the train the respective workpiece carrier. The purpose of the training is that measures be created as it is in a particularly simple and time-saving way is guaranteed, the previously mentioned adhesive bond again from residue remove the workpiece surface.

All devices are characterized in that they are suitable by means of a gaseous, a liquid or a solid, deformable medium Adhesive layer between the workpiece carrier and the workpiece again blow up.

If the adhesive layer is to be removed, measures are taken as part of the framework of the device claims proposed that the adhesive layer between mechanically blow off the workpiece and the workpiece carrier. Such Mechanical blasting measures can be carried out using an appropriate medium take place between the surface of the workpiece and the Workpiece carrier is introduced, in particular a gaseous or liquid High pressure medium.  

Another group of device features provides that Forcing screws are used to split this adhesive gap and a third group of device features provides that There are spring packages that carry the adhesive layer, the Spring assemblies even then by appropriate mechanical or hydraulic Measures can be shaken or triggered so that this too the adhesive layer is broken open.

Another embodiment within the scope of the present invention provides that the adhesive layer is chemically dissolved, d. H. it becomes a separator or Solvent introduced into the adhesive gap, which is suitable for the adhesive detach at least partially from the contact surfaces in order to also thereby cancel the adhesive effect.

In a further embodiment, it is possible to heat the adhesive layer Remove measures, d. H. the workpiece with the attached Workpiece carriers are placed in a corresponding bath and in this bath a liquid is present, which either by thermal action Adhesive layer heated so far that the workpiece carrier can be removed or chemical additives can be provided, which the Adhesive layer completely dissolves.

Thermal measures can also be carried out in such a way that the entire Workpiece carrier is introduced into the field of an induction coil, so that the Workpiece holder is heated so strongly by the induction field that this also the adhesive layer is dissolved so far that the adhesive gap between the Workpiece and the workpiece carrier is broken up as a result.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the workpiece carrier and / or the workpiece is set in mechanical vibrations, the Vibrations are worked so that the workpiece is different Vibrates compared to the workpiece carrier attached to it and this also leads to shear and shear forces in the area of the adhesive gap comes, which are also suitable to break this adhesive gap.  

All of the previously mentioned procedures are based on the working procedure according to the following steps:

• 1. Detachable fastening of a workpiece carrier to surfaces of a workpiece;
• 2. Transfer of the workpiece fastened with workpiece carriers in this way different machining stations and machining of the workpiece Removal of the workpiece carrier from the workpiece by the previously described separation measures to break up the adhesive layer.

In the following the invention is based on only one Execution path illustrating drawing explained in more detail. Here go out of the Drawing and its description further features essential to the invention and Advantages of the invention.

In the following the invention is based on several ways of execution illustrative drawings explained in more detail. Here go from the drawings and its description further features and advantages of the invention Invention.

Fig. 1 schematically a plan view of a workpiece on a perforated grid array,

Fig. 2 shows a section through a first embodiment according to Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 top view of the workpiece carrier according to Fig. 2,

Fig. 4 an enlarged partial section through a workpiece carrier according to Fig. 2

Fig. 5 shows a comparison with FIG. 2 modified embodiment,

Fig. 6 shows the enlarged section through a workpiece carrier according to Fig. 5,

Fig. 7 shows a comparison with FIG. Third modified embodiment 2,

Fig. 8 plan view of a workpiece carrier according to Fig. 7,

Fig. 9 shows a comparison with FIG. 2 modified embodiment,

Fig. 10 top view of the workpiece carrier according to Fig. 9,

Fig. 11 shows a further respect to FIG. 2 modified embodiment,

Fig. 12 top view of the workpiece carrier according to Fig. 11,

Fig. 13 is a comparison with FIG. 2 modified embodiment,

Fig. 14 top view of the workpiece carrier,

Fig. 15 is a comparison with FIG. 2 modified embodiment,

Fig. 16 top view of the workpiece carrier according to Fig. 15,

Fig. 17 side view of a slat,

Fig. 18, the 90 ° of FIG. 17 rotated lamella,

Fig. 19 is a comparison with FIG. 18 modified embodiment of a slat,

Fig. 20 is a comparison with FIG. 2 modified embodiment,

Fig. 21 top view of the workpiece carrier according to Fig. 20.

In Fig. 1 it is generally shown that a workpiece 4 is applied centrally on a perforated grid pallet 1 . For this purpose, there is a mechanical centering device, which essentially consists of centering punches 50 arranged at an angle of 90 ° to one another, which rest with their contact heads 10 on the respective outer edges of the workpiece 4 to be machined.

Of course, the present invention is not limited to the mechanical centering device shown here, which is only used to center the workpiece 4 in the center and relatively high precision on the grid 1 . Electronic centering devices can also be used, ie the respective reference edges or reference bores or the like can be scanned by means of a laser beam and accordingly the perforated grid pallet 1 can be moved mechanically, hydraulically, electronically or electromechanically on the perforated grid pallet 1 in such a way that it is centered in the center.

In the present exemplary embodiment, the perforated grid pallet 1 consists of a series of high-precision bores 2 which are equipped with threads.

Applied for fixing on the breadboard pallet 1 and to be fastened quick clamping cylinders 15 drill sleeves 3 are provided, in which clamps engage, which clamp the respective quick-action clamping cylinder 15 at a plurality of pages and hold such high precision on the hole pattern palette. 1 For centering the respective quick release cylinder 15 on the respective bore 2 , each quick release cylinder carries at least one downward centering pin 16 which engages in an associated bore 2 .

The respective bracket 83 is screwed into each of a drill sleeve 3 of the bore 2 with threaded screws, not shown.

The quick-action clamping cylinders arranged here (according to FIG. 1 there are, for example, four that are suitable for holding the workpiece 4 ) are thus centered with high precision on the bores 2 of the perforated grid pallet 1 and fastened there.

The task is now to connect a workpiece 4 by means of workpiece carriers 18 so that the workpiece carriers 18 are also centered precisely on the workpiece 4 . For this purpose, each workpiece carrier 18 carries at least one pull-in nipple 17 on its underside, which is detachably and clampably received in the respective quick-action clamping cylinder 15 . In this way, the workpiece carriers can be clamped very precisely on the quick-action clamping cylinder 15 and are accordingly aligned on the perforated grid pallet 1 .

The gauge, which z. B. between two centering pins of spaced quick release cylinders 15 results, matches all other machining stations, so that a releasably fastened to the workpiece carriers 18 workpiece 4 can be machined with high precision on all subsequent machining stations.

However, the prerequisite here - as indicated above - is that the workpiece 4 is first centered on the workpiece carriers 18 already fastened on the perforated grid pallet 1 by means of a mechanical, electronic or hydraulic centering device.

For this purpose, it is therefore provided that the contact heads 10 bear against the respective reference edges of the workpiece 4 , the contact heads 10 being provided with centering punches 5 which each carry a ruler 6 with a scale on their upper side. The centering plungers 5 are detachably and securely received in a holder 13 , which is also received with high precision in an assigned hole 2 in the perforated grid pallet 1 .

A zero point line 14 is defined through the bore 2 , which intersects a corresponding marking 9 on the holder 13 and this marking 9 passes, for example, through the center of the bore 2 . However, this is not necessary for a solution; other reference lines can also be defined on or in the area of the bore 2 , such as. B. hole edges, adjacent areas around the hole or the like. It is only important that a uniform zero point line 14 is always defined, which in the present exemplary embodiment is indicated as the center of the bore 2 .

Each centering punch 5 is received by a clamping claw 7 , which is part of the holder 13 .

There is also a magnifying glass 8 for the marking 9 , so that one can read off the magnifying glass precisely on the ruler 6 that the centering punches 5 are all applied to the workpiece 4 with the same length. Of course, a vernier can be read instead of the ruler.

When the clamping claws 7 are released, the workpiece 4 is shifted in the direction of the arrows 11 , 12 until it is aligned approximately centrally on the perforated grid pallet 1 .

The same dimension can then be read on the mutually opposite centering punches 5 .

If the workpiece 4 is now designed with such high precision to the underlying workpiece carriers 18 , the aforementioned adhesive connection can be made.

The clamping claws 7 are then fastened so that the contact heads 10 can no longer be displaced and the entire workpiece 4 is then removed from the workpiece carriers 18 , so that the upper side thereof is free.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 2 to 4, each workpiece carrier consists of an approximately cylindrical part, which of course can also be rectangular, square or the like. It is sufficient to create a flat, upper surface that is suitable for gluing.

In the area of the surface of the workpiece carrier 18 , a middle pressure chamber 21 is arranged, which by means of a connection bore 24 is in liquid-conducting or air-conducting connection with a connection channel 30 and this in turn with a connection nipple 20 .

Starting from this connecting channel 30 are a series of annular grooves 22, incorporated in the surface of the workpiece carrier 18 23 that are open at the top and which are in air-conducting connection with the connecting channel 30 downwards.

The adhesive 70 is then applied to the surface of the workpiece carrier 18 , as is shown only in segment form in FIG. 3 for the sake of drawing simplicity.

It is of course not necessary for the solution to apply the adhesive over the entire surface Applying the surface, it is also sufficient to apply individual adhesive spots, fields or  To provide sectors that do not cover the entire surface of the Should cover the workpiece carrier.

However, it is preferred to apply the adhesive over the entire surface, as explained below:
The blasting off of the workpiece 4 after processing has been carried out in a series of processing stations connected in series is to take place under the influence of a high-pressure medium. For this purpose, it is provided that a high-pressure medium is connected to the connecting nipple 20 , such as, for. B. water, oil or another high pressure medium. However, a chemical solvent that is suitable for dissolving the adhesive layer could also be pumped in.

When the high-pressure medium is pressed into the insertion nipple 20 , the high-pressure medium reaches the individual annular grooves 22 , 23 , which are closed at the top towards the underside 19 of the workpiece 4 by the described adhesive layer 32 ( FIG. 4).

It will be seen in the enlarged sectional view of FIG. 4 that the adhesive layer 32 is substantially the annular grooves 22, 23 can freely.

If the high-pressure medium is now pumped into the annular grooves 22 , 23 via the connecting channel 30 and via the openings 31 , then the adhesive layer 32 is blown off and the underside 19 of the workpiece 4 is thus freed of all adhesive residues and the workpiece can be used again undamaged.

Possibly. Adhesive residues still adhering to the workpiece 4 can be removed chemically or mechanically.

The workpiece carrier 18 is also placed in a solution bath, where the adhesive residues are detached and removed.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 5 and 6, a further workpiece carrier 25 is described, in which the adhesive layer is detached by means of a mechanically deformable membrane (membrane base 27 ).

The workpiece carrier 25 shown there has a closed hollow chamber 26 which is closed at the top in the direction towards the underside of the workpiece by means of a membrane base 27 .

This membrane bottom 26 can be formed in one piece with the rest of the material of the workpiece carrier 25 ; however, it can also be detachably connected to the material of the workpiece carrier 25 as a separate part (for example as a disk or the like).

If, in turn, a high-pressure medium (gas or liquid) is introduced into the hollow chamber 26 via the connecting nipple 20 , then the membrane base 27 deforms convexly outward and thus blows off the adhesive layer located between the underside 19 of the workpiece 4 and the upper side of the workpiece carrier 25 , so that the workpiece 4 can be easily removed from the respective workpiece carrier 25 .

For better adhesion, it can be provided according to FIG. 6 that a recess 28 is arranged in the upper side of the workpiece carrier 25 , into which the adhesive layer 29 is filled, which thus bears against the underside 19 of the workpiece 4 .

Opposed to the recess 28 is the aforementioned membrane floor 27, which is arranged above the hollow chamber 26 . This hollow chamber 26 is in turn in an air-conducting or liquid-conducting connection via the riser channels 33 and the connecting channel 34 to the connecting nipple 20 .

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7, a workpiece carrier 35 is shown with hydraulically movable hydraulic pistons 39 , which of course can also be supplied with a pneumatic pressure medium instead of a liquid pressure medium.

There, the workpiece carrier 35 carries a cover 36 , which is connected to the workpiece carrier 35 by means of screws 37 . Hydraulic pistons 39 according to FIG. 8 are distributed in the cover 36 , with a non-stick coating being present on each hydraulic piston 39 .

In the vicinity of the hydraulic pistons 39 , the surface of the cover 36 is coated with adhesive 41 , so that the hydraulic pistons themselves are not provided with the adhesive.

If the workpiece 4 is now to be blasted off from the workpiece carrier 35 , a pressure medium is again fed in via the connecting nipple 20 and the hollow chamber 38 , which drives the respective hydraulic pistons 39 upward through the cover and thereby tears off the workpiece 4 from the adhesive surface of the workpiece carrier 4 and removed.

In FIGS. 9 and 10 is shown as another embodiment that are arranged on a workpiece carrier 42 supporting pins 43, which abstützten located on the underside of the workpiece 4. Each end face of the support pin 43 is provided with an adhesive layer 41 , so that only the support pins themselves are glued to the underside of the workpiece 4 , while the other surfaces of the workpiece carrier do not form an adhesive connection to the workpiece 4 .

After processing the workpiece, the adhesive layer should be blasted off again. It is first released in a known manner, the workpiece carrier 42 with its retractable nipple from the quick release cylinder and then is tapped on the rear side of the respective support pin 43 by means of a pin tool, so that it is moved towards the workpiece 4 in direction 44 and thereby also the distance between the workpiece and the surface of the workpiece carrier 42 is increased, whereby the adhesive layer is torn open and blown off.

It is preferred here if the support pins 43 are conical, ie they expand conically outwards in the direction of arrow 44 and are seated in a corresponding conical bore, which likewise widens outwards in the direction of arrow 44 , so that they can simply be opened against the end face of the respective Support pin 43 moves this slightly outwards in the conical bore.

In Fig. 11 is shown as a further embodiment of a workpiece holder 45, that a disc 48 is secured by means of jack screws 52 to a mounting plate 46. The forcing screws 52 here carry a forcing ring 54 which is formed all around.

A series of conical bores 49 are provided in the disk 48 , which narrow conically downwards according to FIG. 11 and which are filled with adhesive 50 . In the area of these cone bores, the disk 48 is thus glued to the underside of the workpiece 4 to be machined, the areas outside the cone bores 49 being provided with a non-stick coating 51 .

It is shown in FIG. 12 only as an example that some conical bores 49 are filled with adhesive 50 .

The above-mentioned forcing screws 52 are now provided to burst open the adhesive layer.

After the cover lies over a hollow chamber 47 , the entire workpiece carrier 42 with its nipple 17 is removed from the quick-action clamping cylinder. After the pull-in nipple 17 is fastened to the washer 48 by means of a connecting screw 43 , the pull-in nipple 17 can also be removed.

The lid is thus free. The respective forcing screw 52 is now correspondingly rotated in the direction of arrow 44 from below, which moves axially into a threaded bore accordingly, and thus the entire forcing ring 54 is moved in the direction of arrow 44 against the workpiece 4 , which also causes the adhesive layer to be detached . It is preferred here if the push-off ring 44 is also provided with a non-stick coating 51 .

In Figs. 13 and 14 is shown as a further embodiment of a workpiece carrier 55 that this is also connected to a cover-like disc 56, which is connected via the aforementioned connecting screw 53 with the retractable nipple 17th

In this exemplary embodiment, however, the adhesive layer with the adhesive 50 is applied outside the area of the forcing screws 52 and the edge 58 of the workpiece carrier 55 is provided with a non-stick coating 51 . The disk 56 can also be connected to the upper part of the workpiece carrier 55 by means of a gap 57 .

In this exemplary embodiment, the forcing screws in the direction of arrow 44 are likewise actuated from below and push the entire disk 56 upward, which likewise results in separation between the edge 58 of the workpiece carrier 55 and the middle disk 56 .

In Figs. 15 to 21 releasable spring packets are used is achieved in the mechanical movement of the glue gap between the workpiece and the associated workpiece support 60, 75.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 15 to 19 it is shown that the workpiece carrier consists of a carrier part 21 60 which has a central recess in which a disk pack is clamped 67th This plate pack 67 consists of individual plates 69 which are joined to one another in the form of a package, each plate having a bore 71 which is penetrated by an associated clamping screw 64 .

This clamping screw is screwed into a threaded bore 62 in the carrier part 61 and the carrier part forms a left stop surface 63 for the plate pack 67 .

The opposite stop surface (counter surface 68 ) is formed by a clamping piece 65 , which is applied to the carrier part 61 by means of a guide 66 and is clamped there by means of the clamping screw 64 .

The disk pack 67 is thus clamped between the two stops 63 , 68 .

According to FIG. 16 adhesive 70 is then applied to the surface of the plate assembly, wherein the adhesive also possibly flows between the lamellae.

It is preferred here if each lamella has a tip 62 on its side facing the workpiece 4 , which is followed by a downward slope 73 . In this way, only a line contact between the plate pack 67 and the underside 19 of the workpiece 4 is achieved.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the formation of a single tip 72 of the lamella. There can also be several tips, or the tips can also be designed differently. Fig. 19 shows as a further possibility that a so-called round tip 74 is provided, which applies also to the underside of the workpiece 4.

If the adhesive layer 70 of the adhesive is now to be removed, the entire workpiece carrier 60 with its retractable nipple 17 is first removed from the clamping cylinder and the clamping screw 64 is unscrewed and the clamping piece 65 is removed. The plate pack 67 is thus free, whereby each individual plate can then be removed from the plate pack 67 in the direction of arrow 84 and - because it is very mechanically thin-walled metal parts, the adhesive adhering to it can be flaked off by simply bending each plate.

In analogous manner, the bonding takes place according to the embodiment of FIGS. 20 and 21 to the shown there workpiece carrier 75 having a circular disk pack instead of a linear, sequential rows laminated core 67, which may also be referred to as a helical spring 79.

In the central recess of a workpiece carrier 75 so a coil spring 79 is inserted while being radially outwardly tensioned by means of a double clamping element in the inner peripheral walls of the inner recess on the workpiece carrier 75 miles. For this purpose, a clamping piece 76 is provided, which consists of segment-shaped clamping segments 80 which are arranged evenly distributed around the circumference and which are separated from one another by upper and lower slots 81 , 82 . In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 21, there are four clamping segments 80 distributed uniformly on the circumference, wherein they are mechanically separated from one another by an upper slot 81 on the upper side and on the lower side by a lower slot 82 . They are all connected to one another, but can be mechanically tensioned by changing the slot widths 81 , 82 , but do not fall apart. It is therefore a double clamping element, this double clamping element being clamped radially outwards by a central clamping cone 67 . The bracing takes place here by means of a screw 85 , which presses the clamping cone 77 into the central clamping recess of the clamping segments 80 and displaces them radially outward. As a result, the spiral spring 79 is preloaded in the radially outward direction and thus remains in the workpiece carrier 75 .

The surface of the spiral spring 79 is now coated with adhesive 70 , as is partially shown in FIG. 21. The outer edge 78 of the workpiece carrier 75 is provided with a non-stick coating so that it remains adhesive-free.

After processing of the workpiece 4 , the adhesive layer is now released by first unscrewing the pull-in nipple 17 , as a result of which the entire workpiece carrier 75 together with the clamping device (screw 85 , clamping element 76 , clamping cone 77 , clamping segments 78 ) together with the workpiece carrier downward can be deducted. Then only the package, formed from the spiral spring 79 , remains attached to the surface of the workpiece 4 . The coil spring is now mechanically pulled with its pliers by means of pliers, whereby the individual spring elements can be twisted and pulled apart so that the adhesive immediately flakes off the surfaces in contact with the adhesive and the coil spring can thus be easily detached from the surface of the workpiece 4 .

Overall, the method described above and the associated device a detachable connection between a Workpiece carrier and a workpiece shown, which ensures that the No surface between the workpiece carrier and the workpiece itself is attacked or impaired. The workpiece can therefore be in a row are processed with high precision by processing stations and after completion  The workpiece carrier can then carry out all processing steps through the previously measures described residue-free and injury-free from the Workpiece to be removed.  

Drawing legend

1

Perforated grid pallet

2nd

Bore (thread)

3rd

Drill sleeve

4th

workpiece

5

Centering stamp

6

Ruler with a scale

7

Clamp claw

8th

Magnifying glass

9

mark

10th

Investment head

11

Arrow directions

12th

Arrow directions

13

holder

14

Zero line

15

Quick release cylinder

16

Centering pin

17th

Retractable nipple

18th

Workpiece carrier

19th

bottom

20th

Connection nipple

21

Pressure chamber

22

Ring groove

23

Ring groove

24th

Connecting hole

25th

Workpiece carrier

26

Hollow chamber

27

Membrane bottom

28

Recess

29

Adhesive layer

30th

Connecting channel

31

opening

32

Adhesive layer

33

Riser

34

Connecting channel

35

Workpiece carrier

36

cover

37

Screws

38

Hollow chamber

39

Hydraulic pistons

40

attack

41

adhesive

42

Workpiece carrier

43

Support pin

44

Arrow direction

45

Workpiece carrier

46

Support plate

47

Hollow chamber

48

disc

49

Cone bore

50

adhesive

51

Non-stick coating

52

Jack screw

53

Connecting screw

54

Forcing ring

55

Workpiece carrier

56

disc

57

gap

58

Edge (non-stick)

59

60

Workpiece carrier

61

Carrier part

62

Tapped hole

63

Abutment surface

64

Clamping screw

65

Clamping piece

66

Guided tour (with game)

67

Slat package

68

Counter surface

69

Slat

70

adhesive

71

drilling

72

top

73

Weird

74

Round tip

75

Workpiece carrier

76

Clamping piece

77

Clamping cone

78

edge

79

Coil spring

80

Clamping segment

81

Slit above

82

Slot below

83

Bride

84

Arrow direction

85

screw

Claims (18)

1. A method for machining workpieces with detachable workpiece carriers attached thereto, characterized in that the workpiece carrier ( 18 , 25 , 35 , 42 , 45 , 55 , 60 , 75 ) on its side facing the workpiece ( 4 ) with at least one adhesive layer ( 29 , 32 , 41 , 50 , 70 ) is coated and that the workpiece ( 4 ) is then precisely aligned and centered on the respective workpiece carrier ( 18 , 25 , 35 , 42 , 45 , 55 , 60 , 75 ) and glued there becomes. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the adhesive layers used in the present adhesive method ( 29 , 32 , 41 , 50 , 70 ) can be removed completely and without residue from the surface of the workpiece ( 4 ) to be machined. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the adhesive ( 29 , 32 , 41 , 50 , 70 ) is an epoxy resin, a modified phenolic resin or a polyester resin. 4. The method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the adhesive ( 29 , 32 , 41 , 50 , 70 ) has a liquid, pasty or solid form. 5. The method according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the adhesive ( 29 , 32 , 41 , 50 , 70 ) is a 2-component adhesive, which hardens depending on the temperature. 6. The method according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the adhesive ( 29 , 32 , 41 , 50 , 70 ) cures depending on the pressure. 7. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the adhesive ( 29 , 32 , 41 , 50 , 70 ) has an acrylate base and cures depending on the pressure. 8. The method according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that as a centering aid and assembly aid for the workpiece carrier to be fastened ( 18 , 25 , 35 , 42 , 45 , 55 , 60 , 75 ) quick-action cylinders ( 15 ) are used, which are already highly accurate are fastened on a perforated grid pallet ( 1 ) and which quick-release cylinders ( 15 ) have received one or more retractable nipples ( 17 ). 9. A method for machining workpieces with detachable workpiece carriers attached thereto, characterized in that the workpiece carrier ( 18 , 25 , 35 , 42 , 45 , 55 , 60 , 75 ) on its side facing the workpiece ( 4 ) with at least one liquid Layer is coated and that the workpiece ( 4 ) is then precisely aligned and centered on the respective workpiece carrier ( 18 , 25 , 35 , 42 , 45 , 55 , 60 , 75 ) and frozen there. 10. A method for processing workpieces with detachable workpiece carriers attached, characterized in that the workpiece carrier ( 18 , 25 , 35 , 42 , 45 , 55 , 60 , 75 ) on its side facing the workpiece with at least one permanent or electromagnetic Element is connected and that the workpiece ( 4 ) is then precisely aligned and centered on the respective workpiece carrier ( 18 , 25 , 35 , 42 , 45 , 55 , 60 , 75 ) and held there magnetically. 11. A device with a workpiece carrier according to claims 1 to 10 for removing the workpiece ( 4 ) from the workpiece carrier ( 18 , 25 , 35 , 42 , 45 , 55 , 60 , 75 ), characterized in that by means of a gaseous, a liquid or a solid, deformable medium, the workpiece ( 4 ) is mechanically blasted off the workpiece carrier ( 18 , 25 , 35 , 42 , 45 , 55 , 60 , 75 ). 12. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that between the surface of the workpiece ( 4 ) and the adhesive ( 29 , 32 , 41 , 50 , 70 ) of the workpiece carrier ( 18 , 25 , 35 , 42 , 45 , 55 , 60 , 75 ) a gaseous or liquid high pressure medium is introduced. 13. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that forcing screws ( 52 ) are provided between the surface of the workpiece ( 4 ) and the adhesive ( 29 , 32 , 41 , 50 , 70 ) of the workpiece carrier. 14. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that between the surface of the workpiece ( 4 ) and the adhesive ( 29 , 32 , 41 , 50 , 70 ) of the workpiece carrier ( 18 , 25 , 35 , 42 , 45 , 55 , 60 , 75 ) mechanically or hydraulically operated spring assemblies ( 79 ) are attached. 15. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that between the surface of the workpiece ( 4 ) and the workpiece carrier ( 18 , 25 , 35 , 42 , 45 , 55 , 60 , 75 ) a separating or solvent in the gap ( 57 ) is initiated, which is suitable for at least partially detaching the adhesive ( 29 , 32 , 41 , 50 , 70 ) from the contact surfaces. 16. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the workpiece ( 4 ) with the workpiece carriers attached ( 18 , 25 , 35 , 42 , 45 , 55 , 60 , 75 ) is introduced into a corresponding bath, which the workpiece ( 4th ) thermally dissolves and optionally dissolves the adhesive ( 29 , 32 , 41 , 50 , 70 ). 17. The apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that the thermal Effect is caused by an induction coil. 18. Device with a workpiece carrier according to claims 1 to 10 for removing the workpiece ( 4 ) from the workpiece carrier ( 18 , 25 , 35 , 42 , 45 , 55 , 60 , 75 ), characterized in that the workpiece carrier ( 18 , 25 , 35 , 42 , 45 , 55 , 60 , 75 ) and / or the workpiece ( 4 ) is set in mechanical vibrations, so that the workpiece ( 4 ) from the workpiece carrier ( 18 , 25 , 35 , 42 , 45 , 55 , 60 , 75 ) is separated.