DE2035784A1 - Tubes part-filled with antigens - in gel for antigen-antibody reaction in body fluids visible as a narrow precipitation zone - Google Patents

Tubes part-filled with antigens - in gel for antigen-antibody reaction in body fluids visible as a narrow precipitation zone

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Publication number
DE2035784A1
DE2035784A1 DE19702035784 DE2035784A DE2035784A1 DE 2035784 A1 DE2035784 A1 DE 2035784A1 DE 19702035784 DE19702035784 DE 19702035784 DE 2035784 A DE2035784 A DE 2035784A DE 2035784 A1 DE2035784 A1 DE 2035784A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
gel
antigens
filled
antigen
agar
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
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DE19702035784
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German (de)
Inventor
Der Anmelder Ist
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THEUER K
Original Assignee
THEUER K
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Publication date
Application filed by THEUER K filed Critical THEUER K
Priority to DE19702035784 priority Critical patent/DE2035784A1/en
Publication of DE2035784A1 publication Critical patent/DE2035784A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/558Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor using diffusion or migration of antigen or antibody
    • G01N33/559Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor using diffusion or migration of antigen or antibody through a gel, e.g. Ouchterlony technique

Abstract

Antigens obtained in the customary way are taken up in a suitable gel, pref. 0.6-1% agar-agar, and filled into transparent tubes of 1-5 mm dia. and 5-10 mm length, made from glass or plastic, to only part of its length e.g. 2-5 cm., so that the gell can be covered with about an equal amount of body fluid to be tested. The preferred test tubes are closed at both ends and the empty end is opened before use to be filled with the body fluid in close contact with the gel. Precipitation is carried out at 37 degrees C, opt. followed at 4 degrees C. The antigen-antibody reaction becomes visible as a narrow precipitation zone and may be measured at intervals to allow quantitative comparisons. The method determines humoral antibody-immunoglobulins against antigens in body fluids, -cells, micro-organisms and virus contained in the gel.

Description

Verfahren zur Bestimmung von humoralen Antikörner-Immunglobulinen gegen Antigene aus Körperflüssigkeiten, Körnerzellen. Mikroorganismen und Viren durch Präzinitation bei eindimensionaler Immunodiffusion. Method for the determination of humoral antibody immunoglobulins against antigens from body fluids, granule cells. Microorganisms and viruses by precinitation with one-dimensional immunodiffusion.

Das Verfahren besteht in der Verwendung durchsichtiger Röhrchen mit 1 bis 5 mm Durchmesser aus inertem Glas oder Kunststoff zur Durchführung der Präzipitationsreaktion. Dabei werden die nach bekannten Methoden -gewonnenen Antigene in ein geeignetes Gel, z.B. aus Agar-Agar, Agarose, Zelluloseazetat, aufgenommen und in entsprechende Röhrchen von etwa 5 bis lo cm Länge eingebracht, wobei die Füllung nur einen Teil der Röhrchen beträgt, z.B. 2 bis 5 cm, so daß eine Uberschichtung mit den zu untersuchenden Körperflüssigkeiten, z.B. Blutserum, Plasma, Liquor, Cerebrospinalis, Harn, Exsudaten und Transsudaten, Gelenkflüssigkeiten, in etwa dem gleichen Ausmaß möglich ist. Die vorbereiteten Teströhrchen werden an beiden Enden verschlossen und vor Benützung am nicht mit dem Gel gefüllten Ende geöffnet. Dann wird die zu untersuchende Körperflüssigkeit eingefüllt. Diese muß in unmittelbarem Kontakt zum Gel stehen. Die Präzipitation wird dann in üblicher Weise in Wärme bei etwa 370 C und evt. anschließend in Kälte bei 40 C durchgeführt. Sofern in der zu untersuchenden Körperflüssigkeit Antikörper, d.h. Immunglobuline, gegen die Antigene enthalten sind, erfolgt im Gel im Bereich der Grenzschicht eine Antigen-Antikörperreaktionl die als Präzipitatsstreifen sichtbar wird. Die Breite dieses Streifens kann in bestimmten zeitlichen Intervallen mehrmals gemessen werden. Dadurch sind quantitative Vergleiche möglich.The procedure consists of using clear tubes with 1 to 5 mm in diameter made of inert glass or plastic for carrying out the precipitation reaction. The antigens obtained by known methods are converted into a suitable one Gel, e.g. from agar-agar, agarose, cellulose acetate, taken up and in the appropriate Tubes of about 5 to lo cm in length were introduced, with the filling only a part of the tube is, for example 2 to 5 cm, so that an overlap with the Body fluids, e.g. blood serum, plasma, liquor, cerebrospinalis, urine, exudates and transudates, synovial fluids, are possible to about the same extent. The prepared test tubes are closed at both ends and before use opened at the end not filled with the gel. Then the body fluid to be examined filled. This must be in direct contact with the gel. The precipitation is then in the usual way in heat at about 370 C and possibly then in cold carried out at 40 C. If there are antibodies in the body fluid to be examined, i.e. immunoglobulins, against which antigens are contained, takes place in the gel in the area the boundary layer shows an antigen-antibody reaction, which is visible as a precipitate strip will. The width of this strip can be several times in certain time intervals be measured. This enables quantitative comparisons.

Das vorliegende Verfahren unterscheidet sich von der quantitativen Plasmaproteinbestimmug durch eindimensionale Immundiffusion dadurch, daß dort das Gel mit einem Antikörperserum beladen wird und das Antigen in Form der Plasmaproteine überschichtet wird. Hier hingegen wird das Gel mit besonderen Antigenen beladen und mit Körperflüssigkeiten überschichtet, von denen man vermutet, daß sie Anti° körper gegen die genannten Gewebe enthalten. Diese Antikörper können durch Testung mit verschiedenen Teströhrchen, in denen unterschiedliche Antigene enthalten sind, ermittelt werden.The present method differs from the quantitative one Plasma protein determination by one-dimensional immunodiffusion in that the Gel is loaded with an antibody serum and the antigen in the form of plasma proteins is overlaid. Here, on the other hand, the gel is loaded with special antigens and overlaid with body fluids believed to be anti ° body against the tissues mentioned. These antibodies can be tested by testing with different test tubes containing different antigens, be determined.

1. Beispiel: Es soll ein Teströhrchen zur quantitativen Bestimmung der humoralen Antikörper gegen Nierengevebe hergestellt werden.1st example: A test tube should be used for quantitative determination the humoral antibodies against renal veins can be produced.

Hierzu wird eine 1,4 %ige Agar-Agar-Lösung aus 1 %iger NaCl-Lösung, die mit Trispuffer auf pH 7,2 unter Zusatz von 1 : lo ooo Cialit hergestellt ist, verwendete Ein Homogenat aus frischer oder aufgeschwemmter, Lyophylisierter Niere wird mit Ultraschall 3 Minuten behandelt und sedimentiert. Der Üb erstand wird zur Bestiiimung des Äquivalenzbereiches geometrisch verdünnt und die Verdünnungen jeweils im Verhältnis 1 : 1 mit der auf 45° C abgekühlten Agarlösung gemischt und mittels einer Spritze mit Kanüle in vorbereitete Kunststoffröhrchen aus Polyäthylen mit einem Durchmesser von 2,1 mm eingefüllt. Die Röhrchen mit den verschiedenen Antigenkonzentrationen werden im Vakuum bei einer Temperatur von 45° C entgast und danach abgekühlt.For this purpose, a 1.4% agar-agar solution from 1% NaCl solution, which is made with Tris buffer to pH 7.2 with the addition of 1: lo ooo Cialit, used a homogenate from fresh or bloated, lyophilized kidney is treated with ultrasound for 3 minutes and sedimented. The surplus becomes Determination of the equivalence range geometrically diluted and the dilutions in each case mixed in a ratio of 1: 1 with the agar solution cooled to 45 ° C and using a syringe with a cannula in a prepared plastic tube made of polyethylene with filled with a diameter of 2.1 mm. The tubes with the different antigen concentrations are degassed in vacuo at a temperature of 45 ° C and then cooled.

Mit einem Standardserum gegen Nierenantigene wird die optisalze Antigenkonzentration für die Präzipitation getestet, danach werden die weiteren Röhrchen mit Gel, das diese Antigenkonzentration enthält, beschickt. Diese werden ebenfalls durch Vakuum entgast und dann an beiden Enden thermisch verschlossen0 Die Herstellung von Teströhrchen zur Bestimmung von andersartigen Organsensibilisierungen erfolgt in analoger Weise unter Verwendung der jeweiligen Organantigene, z.B. aus Schilddrüse, Leber, Herz, Nervengewebe, Sperma u.a.With a standard serum against kidney antigens, the optimal antigen concentration is determined tested for precipitation, after which the other tubes are filled with gel that contains this concentration of antigen. These are also made by vacuum degassed and then thermally sealed at both ends0 The production of test tubes to determine other types of organ sensitization in an analogous way using the respective organ antigens, e.g. from the thyroid gland, Liver, heart, nerve tissue, sperm, etc.

2. Beispiel= Zum Nachweis von Rheumaantikörpern werden in ähnlicher Weise wie im Beispiel 1 Röhrchen mit Agar-Gel beschickt, dem eine Mischung von Serumglobulin und antigenen Organextrakten aus Synovialschleimhaut, Gelenkkapsel, sowie von Knorpelgewebe aus rheumatisch erkrankten Gelenken zugesetzt ist.2nd example = For the detection of rheumatoid antibodies are in similar In the same way as in Example 1, tubes filled with agar gel containing a mixture of serum globulin and antigenic organ extracts from synovial mucosa, joint capsule and cartilage tissue from rheumatic joints is added.

3. Beispiel: Zum Nachweis von Autoantikörpern gegen Gewebe des ZNS wird das Gel mit Organantigenen aus Nervengewebe beladen. Dabei werden die Lipide durch einen Emulgator (Laurylnatriumsulfat) emuligiert und mitverwendet.3rd example: For the detection of autoantibodies against tissue of the CNS the gel is loaded with organ antigens from nerve tissue. This is where the lipids emulsified by an emulsifier (lauryl sodium sulfate) and used.

4. Beispiel: Zum Nachweis von Antikörpern gegen Tumorgewebe wird das Gel mit den jeweiligen Tumorantigenen beladen.4. Example: For the detection of antibodies against tumor tissue, the Load the gel with the respective tumor antigens.

5. Beispiel: Zum Nachweis einer Sensibilisierung gegen Streptokokken wird ein antigener Extrakt aus Streptokokken in das Gel eingearbeitet.5. Example: To demonstrate sensitization to streptococci an antigenic extract from streptococci is incorporated into the gel.

6. Beispiel: Zum Nachweis von Antikörperbildung gegen Viren werden Virusantigene dem Gel zugesetzt. Als Gele können Agarose, Zellulose, Azetat und alle geeigneten Gele verwendet werden, in denen eine Antigenantikörperreaktion möglich ist.6. Example: To be used for the detection of antibody formation against viruses Virus antigens added to the gel. As gels, agarose, cellulose, acetate and all suitable gels are used in which an antigen-antibody reaction is possible is.

Claims (2)

PatentansprücheClaims 1. Verfahren zur Bestimmung von hunoralen Antikörper- Immunglobulinen gegen Antigene aus Körperflüssigkeiten, Körperzellen, Mikroorganismen und Viren durch Präzipitation bei eindimensionaler Immunodiffusion, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die in üblicher Weise gewonnenen Antigene in ein geeignetes Gel, vorzugsweise aus 0,6 bis 1 sigem Agar-Agar aufgenommen und in durchsichtige Röhrchen mit 1 bis 5 mm Durchmesser aus inertem Glas oder Kunststoff eingebracht werden, wobei die Füllung nur einen Teil der Röhrchen beträgt, z.B. 2 bis 5 cm, so daß eine Überschichtung mit der zu untersuchenden Körperflüssigkeit in etwa dem gleichen Ausmaß möglich ist.1. Method for the determination of hormonal antibody immunoglobulins against antigens from body fluids, body cells, microorganisms and viruses by precipitation with one-dimensional immunodiffusion, characterized in that that the antigens obtained in the usual way in a suitable gel, preferably taken from 0.6 to 1 sigem agar agar and placed in transparent tubes with 1 to 5 mm diameter made of inert glass or plastic can be introduced, the Filling is only part of the tube, e.g. 2 to 5 cm, so that an overlay with the body fluid to be examined to about the same extent is. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wasserstoff-Ionen-Konzentration des Gels durch Mitverwendung geeigneter Puffer für die Präzipitationsreaktion optimal eingestellt und das Gel durch geeignete Zusätze konserviert wird, wobei die Abfüllung unter sterilen Bedingungen eriolgt und die beiden Enden der Teströhrchen verschlossen werden.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydrogen ion concentration of the gel by using suitable buffers for the precipitation reaction set and the gel is preserved by suitable additives, with the filling eriolgt under sterile conditions and sealed the two ends of the test tube will.
DE19702035784 1970-07-18 1970-07-18 Tubes part-filled with antigens - in gel for antigen-antibody reaction in body fluids visible as a narrow precipitation zone Pending DE2035784A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2577321A1 (en) * 1985-02-08 1986-08-14 Lapierre Yves DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DISTINGUISHING ERYTHROCYTE AGGLUTINATES
US5665558A (en) * 1994-05-17 1997-09-09 Gamma Biologicals, Inc. Method and apparatus useful for detecting bloodgroup antigens and antibodies
US5905028A (en) * 1994-05-17 1999-05-18 Gamma Biologicals, Inc. Method and apparatus useful for detecting bloodgroup antigens and antibodies

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2577321A1 (en) * 1985-02-08 1986-08-14 Lapierre Yves DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DISTINGUISHING ERYTHROCYTE AGGLUTINATES
EP0194212A1 (en) * 1985-02-08 1986-09-10 Fondation pour la recherche de diagnostiques de laboratoire Method for detecting agglutinated erythrocytes
US5665558A (en) * 1994-05-17 1997-09-09 Gamma Biologicals, Inc. Method and apparatus useful for detecting bloodgroup antigens and antibodies
US5905028A (en) * 1994-05-17 1999-05-18 Gamma Biologicals, Inc. Method and apparatus useful for detecting bloodgroup antigens and antibodies

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