DE2041621A1 - Method and device for the treatment of liquids by means of electric fields - Google Patents

Description

2OA1621

"LABORATORY" MUszeripari Müvek in Esztergom / Hungary

CONDITIONS AND DEVICE FOR CONVEYING LIQUIDS DUHOH ELECTRIC FIELDS

The invention relates to methods and a Device for the treatment of liquids and solutions by electric fields and the aim is improvement the effectiveness of the treatment and the »possible treatment of such liquids and solutions, which were previously inaccessible for treatment

From the Hungarian patent specification Ir «. 154,458 the solution is known if the liquid or the solution to flow through such electric fields.

1952/2 old «-1-

^109811/1805 BADORK ^ AU

Depending on the sign and / or departmental catfish, the field strength vectors which are directed parallel or anti-parallel, and / or a standing fluid or a solution with tension is treated, then these electrical folders of changing sign and / or changing size act the quasi-crystalline structure of the liquid or solution on the outer electron shell of the molecules the crystals dissolved in the liquid in such a way that they reflect the physical properties of the liquid '» change among other things the viscosity, the surface tension, the oemotic pressure, the specific electrical resistance.

The known method can be applied to any liquid or solution · Particularly suitable Is the procedure for the beneficial modification of the physical properties of the large electrical So-called polar liquids or readings.

The known method is used, among other things, for the preparation of the boiler feed water and thus for the Prevention of scale formation, for cleaning clay Oberfläohengewässern for the purpose of drinking water, In the pharmaceutical industry for increasing the solubility of drugs, in the food industry for dl · acceleration of fermentation processes, in construction for increasing the strength of the cement, in agriculture for dl · shortening development times and for increasing vitality, in healing beings for degradation Sohady deposits, or suitable to prevent the formation of such.

The invention concerns itself with the perfection of known processes.

In the known solution, the liquids or solutions are only with such electrical fields

BATH ORIGINAL

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treated, whose field strength vectors are parallel to each other odor are directed antiparallel.

It was found that from the speed the current, the laminar or turbulent behavior of the flow, as well as the various ion mobility depending on a more perfect treatment can be achieved if the field strength vectors of the electric Fields with each other a larger than Hull frying, but smaller than certain conditions Include the corresponding critical angle c <.

It was also found that different liquids and solutions, depending on their characteristic values, always have a different operating mode treat are. In the known method there is no possibility of changing the operating mode which is why with the known device only certain groups of liquids and solutions with satisfactory Result are to be treated.

Furthermore, it was found that it is advantageous if the electrode system and that with the electrode system generated electric field, which in the known device perpendicular to the center line of the Flow channel is, with an electric and / or magnetic field parallel to the axis of the flow channel is applied·

There is no ugliness for this in the known device.

All of these disadvantages are avoided by the invention Solution eliminated

According to the inventive method, the Liquid or solution for flowing through such electrical fields, in alternating directions and / or in sections locally variable size forced whose field strength vectors are not necessarily parallel or are directed antiparallel, but from the beach monkey

-5- ORiGiNAL BATHROOM

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depending on the liquid or solution to be treated, each other at an angle «< or (180 ° - oc) include, so daos the equation or inequality

2 tg ot = 2 tg (löO ° - «) ^

exists where

^ ₁ = the relative dielectric constant of the walls of the flow channel,

£ ₂ = the relative dielectric constant of the

means liquid or solution to be treated.

The structure of the field to be treated is repeated in the direction of the flow inlet-outlet locally periodically and / or the standing liquid or solution is treated with voltage surges in such a way that in both cases a second electrical and / or magnetic one parallel to the center line of the flow channel Field is applied, the field strength of which is occasionally auto can be zero.

According to the invention, the locally periodic inhomogeneous in the direction of the center line of the flow channel ensures Structure of the electric field that the liquid or solution to be treated during the flow be hit by intermittent effects. The convergence of the lines of force within a certain critical angle similar to the focusing enables one to be established in the flow channel in the direction of flow Input-output locally periodic electrical treatment field, which otherwise only has a multiple height higher voltage would be achieved than with which the device is actually operated. After the effectiveness the treatment of the energy density, this again depends on the square of the field strength, according to the solution according to the invention with the same drive chip

i. BATH ORIGINAL

1O 9 8TT / 18 0 5

₅ 20A1621

achieved 4 to 9 times the effectiveness of the treatment than with the known solution,

Concerning the device lies the invention in that three types of operating modes, namely sinusoidal operation, positive pulse operation and negative pulse operation become possible and parallel to the center line of the flow channel also an electric and / or magnetic field strength to the liquid to be treated or solution can be created

The electric and / or magnetic field parallel to the center line of the flow channel results numerous novel effects. This is because the liquid or solution to be treated enforces such electrical ones Fields whose lines of force with the direction of flow Include an angle © greater than 0 °, then a magnetic field is created in the liquid or solution, the lines of force of which are perpendicular to the electric field and the direction of flow.

E.g. with a radial electric field and The direction of flow perpendicular to this is the magnetic lines of force in a flow channel with a circular ring Cross section of concentric circles. The vector product of the liquid or solution to be treated is equal to * The electrical and magnetic field strengths present at the time determine the Poynting vector of the energy flux density, i.e. the amount of energy flowing through the cross-section of 1 cm in one second,

If there is a second electrical and / or magnetic in the liquid or solution to be treated Field, whose lines of force are perpendicular to the already existing electric and / or magnetic fields. are right, then the vector product of these fields ensures a renewed flow of energy into the liquid or solution

As a result, a higher energy

109811/180 5

high density and thereby a more effective treatment will.

A tension parallel to the center line of the flow channel can e.g. Liquid or solution are created so that a pipe socket each to the inlet and outlet of the flow channel made of conductive material is connected

^{The magnetic i?} Parallel to the center line of the flow channel Eld is achieved in that both the electrode system and the counter electrode system each consist of a spirally arranged, electrically conductive flat wire.

The inventive method can with a such a device by means of which the following can be achieved in the well-known "Veisen"

-Voltage pulses of special shape and pulse repetition frequency;

- Kin-phase or multiphase alternating voltages;

- Departmental wise locally periodically in the Size changing DC voltage;

- AC voltage and DC voltage;

- DC voltage produced with electrets with the main difference that

- this also operate with, in the liquid to be treated or solution from the outside brought about parallel to the centerline of the flow-channel electrical voltage and / or magnetic field and _t

- That the electrode system and / or the counter electrode system are constructed asymmetrically.

The drawings illustrate some, for example Execution form of the device according to the invention, however, to which the invention is not limited.

-6- 109811/1805

Flg. 1 shows an embodiment in section those with positive impulses, or old negative impulses, or with alternating voltage and / or with axial electrical voltages, and / or with axial magnetic Fields is to operate

FIG. 2 is the basic circuit diagram of the arrangement according to FIG. 1.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a device having split electrodes connected in parallel different area, and flow channel with rectangular like cross-section

Flg. 4 Is the electrical circuit diagram of the Device according to Fig. 3

5 shows the basic circuit diagram of a device with individually switchable split electrodes of various sizes.

In the device according to FIG. 1, the flow channel 4 with an annular cross section through the coaxially arranged, made of insulating material Zy-. limited to 3 and 5. The spiral-shaped electrode system, consisting of flat wire 2, hugs the inner wall of the cylinder 3 without any gaps. The turns of the flat wire are isolated from one another by the insulation 1. The counter-electrode system 7 also consists of a flat wire spiral, which also conforms completely to the outer wall of the cylinder 5 ·

The electrode system 2 is at the points 10 and 11, while the counter electrode system 7, at the points 8 and 9 connected to the voltage source

The width of the flat wire of the counter electrode system 7 is expediently greater than the width of the flat wire of the electrode system 2 and the pitches of the metal electrode system 2 and counter electrode eyetems 7 are also different.

Also the total area of the electrode systems

"■ 7" ·

109811/1805

are different, and indeed dQ3 has counter electrode systems the larger area and the electrode system with the larger area isC to the phase conductor or to the negative pole, and the electrode system with the smaller one Area connected to earth potential or to the positive pole.

The liquid or solution to be treated reaches the Mefcall nozzle 12 / a and the shark 12 / b into the flow channel 4 and leaves the same via the Pipe socket 12 / a.

The pipe sockets are at points 12 and 13 connected to the voltage source.

FIG. 2 illustrates the basic circuit diagram of the voltage source belonging to the device according to FIG.

The AC mains voltage is applied to the input clerames 14 and is connected to the primary winding 18 of the transformer via the switch 15 »and fuse 16.

One of the center poles of the six-pole pulse pre-cell switch 22 is connected to earth potential l 17. To the middle two poles of the six-pole switch 20, the secondary coil 19 of the transformer is connected. In the lower position of the six-pole switch 20 comes the increased traaeformator by doa AC voltage to the glow lamp via the series resistor J8 39, and the voltage arrives via dü3 short-circuited Neck pair 13 / c at points ö and 9 », ie on the counter electrode system.

If the electrode system 2 is connected to ground potential with the switch 36, then the between the counter electrode system located at points θ and 9 7 outgoing lines of force over the liquid or solution to be treated to the one between the points 10 and 11 located electrode system 2. The ohmic

-ti-

BATH ORIGINAL 109811/1805

Resistance of the liquid or solution to be treated is connected to the pipe socket 12 / a and IJ / a Points 12 and IJ.

In this case, the facility cooperates. a pure sine wave alternating voltage, i.e. in sine mode.

In the upper position of the six-pole switch 20, the increased alternating voltage is applied via the protective resistor 21 to the two middle poles of the six-pole pulse-sign switch 22. The six-pole pulse-sign switch 22 is connected to a voltage quadrupling and rectifier cascade. The cascade connection is formed from the capacitors 23 / a, ₄ 23 / b, 23 / c, 23 / d, 23 / e and from the diodes 24 / a, 24 / b, 24 / c, 24 / d. At points 2? and 29 appears a pulse voltage of four times the amplitude.

The protective resistor 21 and the capacitors are dimensioned so that approximately a square pulse, or a needle pulse-like output voltage is created #

In the lower position of the six-pole pulse sign switch 22 is the point Z? connected to earth potential and point 29 assumes negative polarity. In the upper position of the six-pole pulse sign switch 22, however, point 29 is at Brdpotential and point 27 is at positive potential.

The pulse voltage is four times the amplitude? from points 27 and 29 to the two upper and lower poles of the six-pole switch 50 · If both are located, the six-pole pulse presetting ·; fcer and the six-pole switch in the lower one. location _f then are the left *? Sleeve of the short sleeve pair 33 »as. also the common point of the protective resistors 31 and 31 / a on earth potential. Point 8, on the other hand, is on negative potential via the course-readable Hüleenpaar 33 / to «

-9-

BAD ORiGiNAL

109811/180 5

20A 1621 40

The device then operates in negative pulse mode.

On the other hand, if the six-pole pulse sign switch 22 and the aecha-pole switch 30 are in the upper position, then the sleeve on the left of the sleeve pair 33 'which can be short-circuited as well as the common sleeve Point of protective resistors 31 and "31 / a on earth potential, and point 8 takes over the short-circuited pair of sleeves 33A) shows positive potential.

In this case, the device works in positive pulse mode.

The glow lamp lights up in both Irapulse operating modes 32 on.

Capacitor 35 is a current limiting condenser.

A device can therefore be operated alternately in three operating modes.

In sine mode, after a short circuit, dee short-circuited sleeve pair 33 / c on the short-circuited sleeve pair 33 / a, and in pulse mode after short-circuiting of the short-circuitable sleeve pair 33 / b on the short-circuitable sleeve pair 33 »at points 8 and 9» i.e. the voltage present on the electrode system 7 can be checked.

If the switch 37 is switched off, then can Via points 12 and 13, an electrical voltage parallel to the center line of the flow channel is applied to the one to be treated Liquid or solution can be applied regardless of the type and size of the voltage on the Counter electrode system 7 between points 8 and 9 eats

In the locked state of the switch, the pipe socket 13 / a via point 13 in whichever Position of the six-pole switch 30 at ground potential be placed.

The approximate electrical equivalent circuit

-ΙΟΙ 0 9 8 11. / 1 8 0 5

the pipe socket 12 / a and 13 / a illustrate A and 0, while B denotes the liquid or solution to be treated.

At points 12 and IJ, the axial stress difference can be measured on the treated liquid.

With dome switch 36 you can do this between the points 10 and 11 located electrode system 2 at ground potential be placed.

Located; the switch 36 is in the open State, then you can use points 10 and 11 to access the electrodon system 2 a voltage can be applied regardless of what type and size the voltage is applied to between the points ü and 9 located electrode system 7 »and / / or there is tension in the liquid or solution being treated.

A magnetic field parallel to the center line of the flow channel can thereby be created by means of the counter electrode system 7, the short-circuited sleeve pairs 33 / a and 33 / c are generated in sine mode, and in pulse mode the short-circuitable sleeve pairs 33 and 33 / b are short-circuited and thereby also via the counter electrode system 7 a closed circuit is achieved. On the electrode system 2 between An axial magnetic field can also be established at points 10 and 11 when the switch 36 is switched off State is held and a voltage is applied to the points 34.

Instead of the positive or negative pulse voltage, Gß and the capacitors, and possibly also a smooth one through the interposition of a smoothing element DC voltage can be generated. In this case it will the electric field to be treated varies in size in the adjacent sections, i.e. in the direction of the

10 98 ^ 1/180 5 BADORfQJNAL

Inhomogeneous flow. The local, regularly repeating ones Changes in the electric field appear in the The coordinate system bound to the flowing liquid as temporarily changing field strengths and practice a multiple effects.

It is considered that four kinds of voltages, namely an alternating voltage, a smooth direct voltage, a positive pulse voltage, and a negative pulse voltage can be applied to the counterelectrodon system, to the liquid or solution to be treated, and to the electrode system, furthermore taken into account with the case where merely an.die liquid or solution, or merely causing to the electrode system, an axial field strength voltage is applied, concerning ^a GT, the number of possible circuits four times the sum of the four ^ lementen to forming Wiederholunf, 3variationen second and first class, i.e. 80.

Invention time is therefore eighty times larger Possibility exists that the most appropriate to the nature of the liquid or solution to be treated Operating mode will be selected. Instead of the simple spiral electrode system, a counter electrode system can be used and / or an electrode system, also a spiral electrode consisting of several parallel flat wires be used in which the width of the flat wires is different, the ratio of the widths of the wires In the one electrode system Ii3 * 5 ··· »and In the other electrode system 2i4t6 ... is, but the entire surface of one electrode system is unequal to the entire surface of the other electrode system.

The spiral electrodes of different widths belonging to the same electrode system are with one another connected in parallel.

Also in this case is; the phase conductor of the

- ¹² - ORIGINAL BATHROOM

1098 11/1805

AC voltage or the negative pole of DC voltage applied to the electrode system with a larger surface · The electric field, the old such composite Electrodes can be created is in many cases more favorable than that with simple spiral electrodes evocable field

Otherwise, the electrical circuit of the device is the same as the circuit shown in FIG. 2 with the difference that the ^{electrode system located between 7} points 8 and 9 consists of several flat wires connected in parallel and / or that between points 10 and 11 is an electrode system of a similar design.

Another exemplary embodiment of the Facility shows Pig. 3 and its basic circuit diagram is illustrated in FIG. 4. In this embodiment the flow channel has a rectangular cross-section, and the electrode systems nestle against the two opposite walls of the canal.

The electrode system consists of such plate electrodes, whose areas are different from each other, "

The electrodes are arranged so that one Electrode of larger surface always a counter electrode with a smaller area, the ratio of the areas is advantageously 2il.

The flow channel walls 41 of the device made of insulating material are shown in FIG. on which the plate electrodes 42 and 45 of different surfaces are arranged.

The metal strip marked 44 connects the plate electrodes in parallel. The lines of force of the treating electric field are nowhere opposite to each other, so the size of the field changes locally and periodically

The liquid or solution to be treated is

-13-

10981171805 bad original

advises over atmospheric metal pipe socket 12 / a and via the valve 12 / b regulating the flow in the flow channel \ χγΛ leaves the same via the pipe socket ljj / a

On the pipe socket 12 / a and 13 / a is at points 1L> and 13 the voltage source is connected, with the help of which an axial voltage is applied to the liquid or LÖt: un, ^ ari (', olosst can be.

Mn axial magnetic field can be in the facility According to Fig. 3, only 30 can be built that the device is housed inside an excitable coil. The coil has not been shown for the sake of simplicity.

Pig illustrates the electrical circuit diagram of a third embodiment of the device according to the invention. 5.

This embodiment differs from the one shown in FIG. 3 in that the subdivided electrodes of the electrode system and the counter electrode system are not connected in parallel, but each electrode is to be connected separately, and by switching on the various electrodes the structure of the the electric field to be treated is to be modified.

The electrode systems are connected to points 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53 »54, 55, 56» 57, 58, 59, and 60, and the liquid to be treated or Solution an axial clamping can be connected.

With this solution, βloh increases the number of possible circuits

In the device with the electrodes according to FIG. 5, the number of possible circuits is the sum of the Combinations of the second, third ..., fourteenth order to be formed from fourteen elements, practical however, only 800 can be used.

According to the invention, a device can also be used be made where the one Blektrodeneyefcem from

-14- 109811/1805 ^ßAD original

consists of an undivided metal plate, the counter-electrode " trodensysteia, on the other hand, a simple, or siisaiamenge eetze is spiral flat wire, and can with the circuit shown in FIG. 2 in any operating mode operate.

An embodiment is also possible, one of which is an electrode system consisting of an undivided metal plate, and the counter electrode system consists of separate, divided ueball plates

The electrode systems are partly or partly Entirely in the liquid or solution to be treated: bring, so that at least one electrode on the outside, not in contact with the liquid or solution standing surface of the flow channel is located.

The cross-section of the flow channel is expediently some regular geometric figure.

Advantage of the inventive device and the procedure is that the effectiveness of the treatment is increased and the treatment of such fluids as well or solutions become possible that have not yet been dealt with was·

Another advantage is that with the help of the facility and an extremely large number of those involved Clay treatments based on the properties of the liquids or solutions can be customized.

The currents used are of microamps Order of magnitude, hence the chemical composition. determination of the treated liquid or solution during practically not influenced by the treatment

10 9 8 11/18 0 5

"! 5 ^ BAD ORiGLMAL

Claims (2)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Process for the electrical treatment of liquids and solutions, where the liquid or solution to be treated is used to flow through electrical fields that change in direction and / or locally change in size, at the same time in the flow direction input-output locally periodically repeating electrical fields is forced and or 'the standing liquid or solution is treated with voltage pulses /, thereby marked z e ic h η et, that the field strength vectors of elektriechen fields with each other on the one hand the equation or inequality w 2 tg o ( . «2 tß (lüO ° - OC)» (\ £ JF; - l) / (Ν / ^ ζ + 1) satisfactory angle oC can be set, where β, the relative dielectric constant of the walls of the flow channel, and 6o the relative dielectric constant of the liquid or solution to be treated, and parallel to the center line of the flow channel, a second electric and / or magnetic field is applied , its field strength sometimes zero • a can. a 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that while the electrical fields required in the flow channel in known way with one or more alternating voltages - the establishment of the magnethole Field is carried out by alternating current. 5 · The method according to Anopruch 1, characterized in that while the in the Electric folder required in flow channel known, with one or more DC voltages - ¹⁶ "" BAD ORIGINAL 109811/1805 are established, the establishment of the magnetic field is carried out by direct current. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized g e k e η η ζ e reject that while the in that Electric fields required for the flow channel are established in a known manner with an alternating voltage and a direct voltage, or 'with alternating voltages and direct voltages, the magnetic field is established with alternating current or direct current *' 5. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that mark refuse t that while that in the Flow direction inlet-outlet inhomogeneous electric field in known ϊ / eise durcii against each other in corresponding Distance housed and electrically from the outside shielded electrets are made, the establishment of the magnetic field by direct current or alternating current. 6. Facility for the procedure according to wolche »- always of claims 1 to 5 for the implementation of the same, where the device consists of insulating walls The flow channel has at most one electrode system inside the channel walls and outside the channel walls has at least one counter electrode system, characterized in that the Electrodes of the electrode systems have different areas in relation to one another and that the device is provided with a second electrical field and / or magnetic field securing switch and switch sockets. 7. The device according to claim 6, in which one electrode system of the device consists of one or more parallel metal flat wire spirals attached to an insulating cylinder, the second electrode system consists of one or more parallel flat wire spirals, characterized in that the widths of the flat wires are different '-17-1098 T 1/1805 bad original and / or the Gan ^ hohln dos a spiral electrodes * syste ία partially or entirely from the pitches of the second Klekfcrode system or the electrode system and the counter electrode system by metal strips different widths or through metal wire!) different diameters parallel to the direction of flow been formed. BATH ORIGINAL -18-109811 / 1805