DE2145457A1 - Method and device for the production of hoses - Google Patents

Description

PAfENiANWALTt

DR.-ING. RICHARD GLAWE - DIPL-ING. KLAUS DELFS - DiPL-PHYS. DR. WALTER MOIL MÖNCHEN HAMBURG MÖNCHEN

2H5457

8 MÖNCHEN 26 2 HAMBURG

PO Box 37 WAITZSTR.

UEBHERRSTR. 20 TEL (04Π) 89 2255 TEL 108U) 22 £ 5 48

Your message from our sign MÖNCHEN

A 11

BTR INDUSTRIES LIMITED London / England

Method and device for the production of hoses

The invention relates to methods and devices for the production of hoses as well as those produced according to the invention tubular products.

The invention provides a method of manufacturing reinforced tubing. The method consists of the continuous Extruding at least one viscous material containing individual fiber ends through two channels so that the fibers are aligned along the length of the canals, forming two spirally wound tubes - a Hose in the other - from the one through the two channels

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extruded material, the fibers in the one Hose can be arranged in the form of a spiral, the direction of rotation of which is opposite to that of the other hose, as well as the union of the two hoses into a single hose or the bringing about the union of the hoses .

The viscous material can flow continuously through a plurality of channels arranged in two annular sets extruded, with one set inside the other and two spirally wound from a plurality of individual strands of material formed hoses - one hose in the other - from the through the Channels of the two sets of each extruded material are formed.

The extruded material can also be produced by rotating the channels around a common axis, but in opposite directions Direction to be shaped into two tubes.

The channels can also be kept immobile, wherein the extruded material is passed through an annular injection mold, the inner wall in a Direction and its outer wall rotates in the other direction, so that the extruded material into two tubes is shaped. ■ "...-._.

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According to one embodiment of the invention, the material can each consist of an elongated, generally cylindrical bore existing channels are passed, being due to the injection speed of the viscous Material, the fibers align themselves in the longitudinal direction when they enter the channels and when they pass through them.

The material can be made of two nested, ring-shaped, channels rotating about a common axis in opposite directions are extruded, two Hoses - one in the other - are formed from the material extruded through the channels.

The two hoses can be passed through one

Injection mold with an annular nozzle, at least partially be united.

According to the method described above, an at least partially united hose can axially through a Calibration shape can be drawn, with the hose in the shape desired in terms of size and cross-section is obtained.

According to each of the methods described above, two different viscous materials, of which at least of a single piece of fiber, continuously

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are extruded through at least one channel, the tubes being wound from two different materials can be.

According to the invention, the viscous material can pass through the channels with a way of achieving laminar flow conditions appropriate speed.

The angle of inclination of the spiral formed by the fibers in the tubes can partly be determined by simultaneous axial pulling of the hoses can be adjusted after the winding process.

Furthermore, according to the invention, a further material can be used on the inner and / or the outer wall of the individual Hose are applied.

The or each barrier layer can be used in an additional Co-extrusion step formed during or before the merging of the two tubes into a single tube will.

The invention further comprises a hose which is manufactured according to the above-mentioned methods.

A device for through-

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Implementation of the aforementioned method, consisting of a housing, inner and outer injection molds, each at least one elongated, extending through them, at a distance from the common Axis remote channels, means for supplying viscous material to be extruded to the inlet sides the injection molds so that the material flows through the channels, means for obtaining a pressure difference within the channels, whereby the material is extruded through the channels, as well as means for winding of the materials extruded through the channels in opposite directions about a common axis Formation of two tubes - one tube in the other.

The two injection molds can advantageously be rotated about a common axis within the housing be, wherein means are provided for rotating the injection molds in opposite directions, so that the rotating injection molds wind the extruded material in two hoses.

Each injection mold can advantageously have a plurality of channels extending through it, wherein the channels of each injection mold are each arranged on a common pitch circle.

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According to the invention, a further injection mold can also be used an annular nozzle for receiving the two hoses after coiling which connects the hoses together brings into contact with the formation of a single tube.

Furthermore, according to the invention, devices are provided for leading away, which the two hoses in at the same time axial direction of the inner and outer molds move away. ·

In this device, the means for leading away can advantageously pass the hose through a calibration mold pull, whereby the hose can be shaped in the desired cross-sectional dimension. Particularly A device according to the invention is also advantageous in which a separate feed device for each the channels for extruding and winding two different materials to form two tubes of different ones Material - one hose in the other - is provided is.

According to the invention, the first-mentioned injection molds can be used in each of the devices described above be arranged rotatably in opposite directions at the same speed.

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The following are some preferred embodiments of devices and methods according to the invention for the production of hoses described, with reference to the enclosed Drawings reference is made. The drawings show:

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the device according to the invention;

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a hose made with the apparatus shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a device according to the invention and

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a further embodiment according to the invention.

The device shown in Fig. 1 consists of one Housing 10 with a line 11 which is connected to a storage container. At the end 12 of the line 11 are a conical projection 13 and further lines, not shown, are attached, which form an annular extrusion line 14 lead. A v / el 15 is at the end 12 of the line 11 is fastened with the aid of a screw 16 which is attached behind the projection 13. An inner mold

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is rotatably mounted on the shaft 15.

The injection mold 17 has its adjacent end 12 Side a toothed part 18, in which a worm wheel 19 engages, which is mounted on a shaft 20 is. The shaft 20 is rotatably mounted in the wall of the housing 10. A bevel gear 21 is from the outer End of the shaft 20 carried and engages in a similar bevel gear 22, which is arranged on a parallel to the shaft 15 Drive shaft 23 is attached. Other devices not shown, for example an electric motor, are included connected to the drive shaft 23 and drive them, whereby their operating speed can be changed.

The injection mold 17 has a cylindrical part 24, the outer part 25 of which protrudes into the gallery 14 and having a plurality of elongated, generally cylindrical channels 26 extending parallel to the Shaft 15 extend through the outer part 25.

An outer mold 25 is rotatable on the cylindrical outer surface of the outer part 25 of the mold 17 and is mounted in an axial position with the aid of a channel 28 formed in the wall of the housing 10 held. The outer surface of the second injection mold 27 is toothed, with one at the end of the toothed part

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Drive shaft 23 mounted gear 29 engages.

A plurality of generally cylindrical, elongated channels 30 are formed through the outer mold 27 formed through and extend parallel to the channels 26 in the inner injection mold 17. The bores 30 and 26 mark the path from the extrusion gallery to a gallery 31 where the tube is formed has an annular injection mold 32 which leads away from the gallery in the axial direction.

The pitch of the worm wheel and the translation of the gears can be chosen so that when driving the Shaft 23 through the appropriate devices the injection molds 17 and 27 at the same speeds, but in different directions, rotate.

When using the devices described above, the storage container is not shown with a Filled matrix, made of viscous material filled with reinforcing fibers distributed in it. The individual reinforcement fibers have approximately the same lengths.

The reservoir is pressurized by means not shown, so that the material in the extrusion gallery 14 is pressed. The injection mold

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Men 17 and 27 are rotated and the material is taken from the Extrusion gallery 17 is injected through channels 30 and 26 into gallery 31 which forms the tube.

The channels 30 and 26 are of such a length that the viscous material flows through them under laminar flow conditions. This gives the fibers the property of aligning themselves along the length of the IC channels in the viscous material. The two sets of passages 30 and 26 inject one set of strands of viscous material into the gallery 31. In this case the strands to form two formed from a plurality of individual strands of material hoses - a tube in the other - wound. The strands then lie in the material of each hose in a spiral arrangement, the spiral of one hose rotating in the opposite direction to that of the other hose. As the two tubes pass through the annular mold 32, they are brought into contact with each other and merged as the viscous material cures or binds. The product emerging from the device consists of a single tube shown in FIG. 2 with reinforcements consisting of individual fibers arranged in two separate layers, ie an inner layer 41 and an outer layer 42, which are in the form of spirals with each other opposite sense of rotation.

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In the second embodiment of the hose injection mold according to the invention shown in FIG. 3, the parts identical to those shown in FIG. 1 have been given the same reference numerals. The inner and outer Extrusion dies 50 and 51 extend downward and are shaped so that together they form the annular shape 32 through which the extruded material is passed. The inner injection mold 50 is on a housing 10 mounted bolt 52 rotatably mounted and has a plurality of extrusion channels 53, which in the vicinity of a outer cylindrical wall 54 are formed. The outer injection mold 51 is provided with a multiplicity of extrusion channels 55, which are formed in the vicinity of an inner cylindrical wall 56 *, the inner wall 56 fitted tightly around the wall 54 of the injection mold 50 is so that the injection mold 51 can be rotated relative to the injection mold 50 and arranged radially with respect to this is. The injection mold 51 is arranged axially with the help of a nose 57, the nose 57 in an annular, Ilut 58 formed around the outer periphery of the injection mold engages. For injection molds 50 and 51 are similar Drive devices as for the first-described embodiment of a hose injection mold according to the invention intended.

The device is described in one of the first

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Embodiment is used in a substantially similar manner. However, during the winding of the tubing, the one becomes spiral Alignment of the fibers generated in the gallery 31 and then retained. The alignment is what the surface of the hoses, insofar as the shear of the material against the walls of the annular injection mold 32 improved.

In a modification, not shown, of the apparatus described above, the two groups are numerous Channels 53 and 55 - replaced by two annular channels - one in each injection mold.

The annular channels are essentially continuous, apart from bridging strips, the walls 54 and 56 with the associated injection molds Connect 50 and 51. The channels 53 and 55 can, however, also be extended arcuately.

In Fig. 4 a third AusfUhrungsform a hose injection mold according to the invention is shown, with parts, which correspond to the embodiment in FIG. 1 are provided with the same reference numerals. The two sets of Extrusion channels 60 and 61 are provided in a mold block 62 which is held stationary with respect to the housing 10 is. The ring-shaped gallery that forms the tube

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and the annular mold 32 are formed by the outer and inner walls 63 and 64 of the associated inner and outer molds 65 and 66, respectively. Drive means for rotating the two injection molds in opposite directions as in the embodiments described above are also provided. The channels 60 and 61 need not be arranged parallel to the injection molds, as shown, but can also be arranged in a spiral shape or forming an angle with the axis of the injection molds. When the apparatus is operating, the material is extruded through the two sets of channels 60 and 61. Has extruded material is formed into the gallery 31 as a result of the shear forces between the extruded material and the counter-rotating walls 63 wad 64 of the two molds 65 and 66 in two tubes.

It should be noted that in each of the above described Ausführungsforsien after the hose injection mold of the invention, the pitch angle of the spiral, the number of channels in each die, the extrusion speed and the speed of rotation of the injection molds and the use of a device not shown to pull away the tubing depends on the extrusion speed can be regulated by changing the pressure in the injection molds. When the tubing extrudes and from the Injection molds with the help of the removal devices

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is pulled, the hose is lengthened and given a smaller cross-section. The change in cross-section of the hose has the consequence that the helix angle also changes. Through the appropriate selection of injection molds, reservoir pressure _f rotational speed and the speed of withdrawal, every angle of inclination of the spiral can be produced, but the optimal angle is 54 ° 44 ^f .

When the hose has left the annular shape 32, it can be passed through a cooling or calibrating device, then to the device for removal and finally to a winding machine or a cutting machine.

In a hose manufactured as described above, shear stresses and shear deformations are transmitted the total tensile loads on the fibers »As a result of the shear stresses in the vicinity of a fiber the tensile stress within the fiber is small at its end, increases in the fiber and reaches the center of the fiber Maximum. Conversely, the shear deformation is greatest at the fiber ends * decreases, but towards the center of the Fiber length to a minimum. Therefore, the entire length of the fiber does not support all of the deformation. The ineffective one End range summed over both ends of the fiber becomes

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referred to as the critical fiber length.

It has been shown that with a total fiber length that is about 20 times greater than the critical fiber length, the fiber behaves as if in the fiber composition endless fibers are present. Experimentally determined values for the critical fiber length are generally more than twice the fiber diameter, so that in In this case, to achieve full effectiveness, the fibers have a total length of at least 400 times Should have diameter. The adhesion of the fibers to the material is also important when should develop maximum fiber deformations. It may therefore be necessary to take special precautions to ensure proper adhesion.

The material to be extruded is initially in a viscous state and can be any of the usual Extrusion materials exist, such as thermoplastic, thermosetting, or rubbery compounds. When using of thermosetting material as well as rubber material can be vulcanized or hardened with the help of usual methods are effected.

It should be pointed out that the channels through the injection molds must be shaped in such a way that the fibers

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have time to orientate yourself in the right way as long as the material is flowing through the injection molds. the Injection mold channels should be shaped in such a way that a blocked or turbulent flow is avoided will. Conditions at the inlet openings of the channels should continue to be such that laminar Flow is already reached at an early point in time in order to avoid that fibers lie crosswise in front of the opening. Furthermore, the laminar flow conditions should also be maintained when the material is extruding and is combined into a single tube. It was also found that a large number of fibers in and be aligned while entering a canal. Accordingly, it is desirable that the inlet opening of the Channel has a smooth and rounded surface.

In a typical case, the length to diameter ratio of the fibers should be about 10: 1 or less be.

In further examples for an extruded hose are on the inner wall of the inner tube or on the outer wall of the outer tube or on both Walls barrier layers formed. The barrier layer or layers can be used after the tubing is extruded be bound in a further extrusion step. the

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Barriers are made of a material that is different from the material used for the actual hose is. In a further embodiment of the hose injection mold according to the invention, which is not shown, this is the injection molding supplied material taken from two separate storage containers, with one container for loading an injection mold is arranged. The tube extruded with the help of this device consists of two different, interconnected materials. With this arrangement, only one of the two materials can be reinforcing Have fibers.

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Claims (22)

Claims 1.J method for the production of fiber-reinforced tubes from at least one, individual fiber ends containing viscous material by continuous extrusion, characterized in that the material through two channels (20, 36; 53, 55; 60, 61) with alignment of the fibers of the length the channels is extruded after, two spirally wound tubes (40, 41) ■ one tube in the other - are formed from the material extruded through the two channels, the fibers in one tube being arranged in the form of a spiral, the direction of rotation of which is that of the other hose is opposite, and the two hoses unite to form a single hose or the union of the hoses is brought about. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the viscous material is continuous is extruded through a plurality of channels (26, 30; 53, 55 »60, 61) arranged in two annular sets, wherein one set is located within the other, and two, made from a plurality of individual strands of material shaped hoses - one hose in the other - from the - 16 - 2Ö9817 / 0770 material extruded through the channels of the respective sets are formed. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that from the extruded material two hoses are formed by the channels (26, 30; 53, 55) in opposite directions around one common axis can be rotated. 4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the channels (60, 61) are stationary are held and that extruded material is passed through an annular injection mold (31, 32), the inner wall of which (63) rotates in one direction and its outer wall (64) in the other, and made of the extruded material two hoses are formed. 5. The method according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the material through each from an elongated, generally cylindrical Bore existing channels is passed, with the fibers as a result of the injection speed of the viscous material align themselves lengthways as they enter and pass through the channels. 6. The method according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that - - 19 - 209817/0770 indicates; that the material is composed of two interlocking, ring-shaped, Channels rotating in opposite directions about a common axis (53, 55) is extruded, whereby two tubes - one tube in the other - from the material extruded through the channels are formed. 7. The method according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that the two hoses when Passing through an injection mold (32) are at least partially combined with an annular nozzle. 8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the at least partially united Hose (40) is pulled axially through a calibration mold, the hose being sized and the desired shape of the cross section is obtained. 9. The method according to claim 1 to 8, characterized in that two different viscous Materials, at least one of which contains individual pieces of fiber, continuously through each at least A channel can be extruded, whereby the tubes are wound from two different materials. 10. The method according to claim 1 to 9, characterized ge - - 20 - 209817/0770 indicates »that the viscous material through the channels (26, 30; 53, 55; 60, 61) with a to achieve is guided by a suitable speed by laminar flow conditions » 11. The method according to claim 1 to 10, characterized in that the pitch angle of The spiral formed by the fibers in the tubes partially by simultaneous axial pulling of the tubes after the Winding process is set. 12. The method according to claim 1 to 11, characterized in that a further material on the inner and / or the outer wall of the individual tube (40) is applied. 13 · The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the or each barrier layer in a additional co-extrusion step during or before the merging of the two tubes into a single tube (40) is formed. 14. Fiber-reinforced hose, characterized in that it according to the method according to claim 1 to 13 is made. - 21 - 2Ö9817 / 077Q 214545? 91 15. Device for performing the method according to claim 1 to 13, consisting of a housing, two elongated, channels installed in the housing, devices for the supply of viscous material to be extruded through the channels Material to one end of each of the two channels so that the material flows through the channels, and means to achieve a pressure differential within the channels, whereby the material is extruded through the channels, characterized in that the two channels (26, 30; 53, 55 »60, 61) at a distance from each other and means for winding the materials extruded through the channels into one another opposite directions around a common axis to form two tubes - the one tube in the other - are provided. 16. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that the channels (26, 30; 53, 55i 60, 61) are provided in two injection molds and devices that are rotatably mounted in the housing (10) about a common axis and that devices (18, 19 , 20, 21, 22, 23, 29) are provided for rotating the injection molds in opposite directions while twisting the extruded material through the rotating injection molds to form two hoses, 17. The device according to claim 16, characterized in that g e k e η η - 22 Ϊ09817 / 0770 2U5457 ζ e i c hne t that each injection mold (17, 27; 51, 52) a plurality of channels (26, 30; 53, 55) extending therethrough, the channels each Injection mold are each arranged on a common pitch circle. 18. Apparatus according to claim 15 to 17, characterized characterized in that another injection mold with an annular nozzle for receiving the two Hoses (41, 42) attached after winding, which connect the hoses together to form a single Brings hose (40) into contact. 19. The apparatus of claim 15 to 18, characterized in that i chnet means for leading away are provided that the two hoses simultaneously in the axial direction of the inner and outer Spritzformeii move away. 2ü. Device according to Claim 19, characterized in that the devices for leading away pulls the hose through a calibration mold, the hose in the desired cross-sectional dimension is shaped. 21. Apparatus according to claim 15 to 20, characterized - 25 209817/0770 characterized in that a separate feed device for each of the channels for extruding and winding two different materials to form two Hoses made of different materials - one hose in the other - is provided. 22. The device according to claim 15 to 21, characterized characterized in that the injection molds (17, 27 J 51, 52) at the same speed in opposite directions Directions are rotatably arranged. 209817/0770