DE2310923A1 - METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COATING GLASS - Google Patents

Description

Dipl.-Ing. P. WIRTH Dr. V. SCHMIED-KOWARZIK DipL-lng. G. DANNENBERG Dr. P. WEINHOLD - Dr. D. GUDEL

281134 β FRANKFURT AM MAIN

TELEPHONE COeii)

287014 GR. ESCHENHEIMER STRASSE 39

2.3.1973 Gu / gm / x RP - 7904 - M19

(RP - 7962 - M19)

Dart Industries Inc. P.O.Box 3157, Terminal Annex Los Angeles, California, 9OO5I United States

Method and device for coating glass

The invention relates to a method and a device for coating goods, in particular for producing shatterproof Glassware (i.e., bottled goods). In connection with it are developments, which in the broadest sense as funding agencies for goods to be characterized are described in connection with conventional fluidized bed devices.

Polymer coatings and related methods of application Such coatings on glassware have been known for a long time. Most of these known coatings are, however has been used to protect the glass structure from surface abrasion and the like. Such abrasions or other defects substantially reduce the inherent glass strength, apparently giving the glass a higher breakage rate is exposed.

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The coatings mentioned are usually available as thin protective films formed, which are connected to the glass surface and largely tough, but have brittle properties. Such Coatings are sufficient for the intended protection and for maintaining the uniformity of the glassware. they do However, the goods are not shatterproof or cause no significant change in the breaking properties of the goods, while this is under internal pressure.

In this context it is known to use certain aerosol containers, in particular made of glass, with a protective coating to be coated from a polymer material. Such protective coatings provide resistance to the glass in the event of breakage Fragmentation} nevertheless they have · / for the most part as not proven suitable for use with glassware. For example, such coatings have strengths that are theirs Do not allow use in many areas for economic reasons. Similarly, these coatings do not show any Advantages in de: r application, on bottles, where cleaning and other treatment processes due to the in the bottles contained product are very difficult.

The invention is therefore primarily aimed at those areas in which the containers are exposed to internal pressures and in which known aerosol processes are not applicable. This essentially applies to carbonated beverage bottles, among others, which are natural as a result of the compressed air present in them in certain

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Fracture situations are exposed to violent fragmentation. In summary it should be noted that the first-mentioned film-like coatings help reduce the rate of breakage, however not necessarily reduce the severity of the splintering.

The method and apparatus for applying coatings on containers according to the present invention one that certain adhesion properties that exist between the glass and the wall of polymer, the production of the enable desired shatterproof container. At the same time, support other polymer properties such as Elasticity, toughness, etc., the entire effect of the coating in the manufacture of the shatterproof container. In a similar way supports the coating considerably during production Way, the production of a suitable adhesive protective coating from polymer with a continuous surface texture and transparency, which are desirable for bottle manufacture.

The invention is based on the object of thermoplastic polymers to use as a shatterproof coating? in particular Polyethylene polymers and copolymers have been found to be suitable for this. This is particulate matter, which preferably has a particle size of about 25 and 75 mesh and a low melt index between about 1 and having. The melt index can, depending on the density of the material, can of course be varied slightly.

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If such resins are used in the coating process, it is necessary that the preheating and curing temperatures of the glassware are carefully checked and that the immersion time is kept, among other things, so that the production of a perfectly adhering coating is guaranteed. In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention a step for applying a lubricant is provided, wherein a wax composition described in more detail below is applied to the outer surface of the coatings. This treatment increases the lubricity of this surface

Their area is increased, thereby making it easier to handle the bottles and / or transport is simplified by the various typical devices. It is preferred if the polymer coating is used of the fluidized bed process is applied to the goods. The fluidized bed can be used in connection with the heating mentioned etc. operated continuously, optionally in accordance with typical bottle making machines.

In addition, a device for carrying out the method according to the invention for producing a coated, Shatterproof bottle proposed. A conveying mechanism for conveying the goods to the coating medium and for removal of the goods from the conveyor belt of the hardening furnace is provided. In connection with the conveying mechanism that occurs during coating is used with particulate polymer, gripping means are provided for gripping the bottle. The gripper direction captures a large number of heated goods at the same time,

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and aligns this, if necessary, before gripping, so that the goods are firmly in an upright position during the entire movements of the conveyor mechanism is held.

In the foregoing and in the following reference is made to a thermoplastic "Shatterproof" coating referred to. This expression is synonymous with shatterproof or immune to substantial fragmentation. It is especially for those with glassware with a thermoplastic coating characteristic, that they are manufactured according to the method and apparatus of the invention, which are further described in more detail is .. Therefore, the invention is primarily based on the object to produce a shatterproof bottle that for the areas of application in which internal pressure ventilation of the bottle is accepted, and which by training and definition a fragmentation of the bottle in the event of a; Breakage of the pressurized bottle is significantly reduced.

An important advantage of coated bottles made in this way is, for example, that abrasions due to contact between the bottles are practically eliminated that there is a considerable reduction in operating noise, and shipping containers are possible which do not have partitions. In fact, bottled goods made according to the invention have the best properties of the glass united with those of plastic.

A feature of the invention is a gripping device having a

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Gripping element corresponding to the device of the German Patent application P is designed and can be actuated,

In the present case, however, there are correspondingly matching. Elements down from elastic elements, both of which are bent over in their movement to close the bottle mouth so that a chain-like effect is created, but in which the bottles are constantly held in an upright position. In connection with this, the lower side of the gripping elements is spring-loaded or wedge-shaped in order to be adequately attached adjust the shape of the coating bed surrounding a submerged article. This allows the article to go deeper be immersed in the bed with the coating material.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments; It shows:

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the method according to the invention including several alternative methods;

FIG. 2 schematically shows a plan view of a device according to the invention;

Figure? a side view of the fluidized bed for applying the particulate polymer to the goods and the conveying and gripping device used for this purpose;

Figure 4 is an end view of the fluidized bed, conveyor and gripping means taken along line 4-4 of Figure 2;

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Figure 5 is an end view in section of the mechanism for extending. straighten the bottles, namely along the line 5-5 of the Flg. 2;

FIG. 6 is a side section of the mechanism for removing the coated materials from the conveyor belt of the hardening furnace;

Figure 7 is an end view in section of the sever mechanism taken along line 7-7 of Figure 2;

FIG. 8 shows a section through a modified fluidized bed with an agitation device for varying the density of the particulate material;

FIG. 9 shows a side view of the preferred gripping device for handling the goods during their coating;

Figure 10 is an end view of the gripping device of Figure 9 with parts broken away for clarity;

FIG. 11 shows a plan view of the gripping device according to FIG. 9;

FIG. 12 shows a plan view of the gripping device along the line 12-12 of FIG. 10, to illustrate the gripping elements;

FIG. 13 shows a view of the coating conveyor, selected parts of the polymer-coated goods according to the invention being provided with a lubricant;

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Figure 14 is an end view of the conveyor taken along line 14-14 of Figure 13;

FIG. 15 shows a side view with a modified coating band, which is shown partly in section, and the device for applying a lubricant and / or particles to the underside of the bottle base;

Figure 16 is an end view in section of the modified coating tape of Figure 15 taken along line 16-16;

FIGS. 17 and 19 are views of the matching gripping elements;

Figures 18 and 20 are side views of the gripping elements of Figures 17 and 19 showing the opposing gripping surfaces of each of the elements.

As mentioned earlier, it requires making a shatterproof Bottle that the polymeric resin has several properties, namely adequate physical properties, usefulness for use on a substrate surface and favorable environmental qualities. The applied resin coatings desirably have a high degree of toughness combined with the ability to have substantial ductility if the Coatings sudden or momentary loads, namely

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are exposed to both room and cooling temperatures. At the same time, the resin must adhere to the glass substrate in order to be effective under the filling conditions and the breaking conditions. The adhesion property has been found to be very important in maintaining uniform contact between the substrate and the polymeric coating during hot filling, caustic washing, and sterilization. In a similar way, the good adhesion qualities of the polymer ensure that the glass splinters adhere through the coating, namely under considerable stress and after pressure, especially with internal pressure ventilation. However, if the adhesion is too strong in many cases, the coating itself splinters in a similar way to the glass substrate and t if insufficient adhesion occurs when the coating breaks (i.e. when breaking or other openings), the glass splinters through the opening are made of the polymer Conversion thrown out.

Various polymers made of polyethylene, copolymers, etc. fall into these criteria, but preference is given to using a commercially available resin which is available under the name USI 703-OG and which contains about 1000 ppm phenol sulfide as an antioxidant. It is further characterized by a particle size between 25 and 75 mesh and a melt index of the resin between 1 and 3. This enables a bottle coating with a thickness between 0.006 and 0.012 inches (<0.0152 and 0.30A mm) to be produced , which mentioned physical properties and also

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has the desired adhesion properties. Other polymers can be prepared in a similar manner for use with the process of the present invention, with slight variations in melt index tolerated depending on the density of the resin.

Figure 1 illustrates the process steps for applying the shatterproof coating to the bottle product from one Preheating cycle and curing or melting of the particulate coating. "These basic steps will be natural in a number of methods for applying coating

Manufacture of the tungen used. However, they become to / shatter resistance of When glassware is used, various specific changes in the form of specific resin batches and the relation influence it the desired end results based on time and temperature. The three basic steps can also be extended or with known methods to form glass, so that one new

the trained bottle directly to / and through the various

required coating steps can be performed.

In the event that certain glass or resin compositions make this necessary, a primer coating can also be carried out in order to obtain the desired adhesion between these components. However, this is not necessary in order to practice the preferred embodiment of the invention. It has been found that various primers including silicone emulsions and chromium-containing

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Solutions effectively improve the bond between resin and glass.

Similarly, following curing, melting, or sintering of the bottle coating, it may be desirable to apply a lubricant to the resin surface. The aim of this is of course to improve the sliding ability of the surface, which at the same time reduces the coefficient of friction of the resinous material and improves the conveying properties of the finished bottles during further processing. Several waxes have been found to be particularly effective, including a silicone wax composition _t Carnuba ¹ waxes and silicones.

It can be advantageous if from time to time glass beads or another hard, smooth, tablet-like material are coated Surface of the Flauchenbodenena is added. This material is of course immersed in the coating, however, so highlighted that the bottle is supported on it. This gives the bottle its lower surface a coefficient of friction similar to an uncoated glass bottle, and as a result it will react in a similar way, if it is treated in devices typical for this purpose. It has also been found to work with polyethylene to effectively label coated bottles with the resin coated surface is to be prepared by a heat treatment. A treatment for a period of 1-5 seconds is sufficient,

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around sticker labels using various adhesives, including Apply gelatine gum, casein glue and acetate glue.

FIG. 2 shows a device 10 for schematically illustrating the method according to the invention. A device 12 for forming the goods and / or for conveying the goods conveys bottles into a zone for shatterproof coating, preferably in a column-like arrangement (ie, side by side, across the width of the conveyor). Although this arrangement shows only 2 or 4 bottles one above the other in various figures, the method is suitable for handling a multiple of this number within the scope of the invention. In the present method, the bottles B are guided into and through the gas-heated preheating furnace 16 by means of a preheated wire mesh furnace conveyor or a conveyor device 14. Inside this furnace, the bottles are brought to a relatively uniform temperature between about 40O ⁰ F and 600 ⁰ F (= about 204 ° C to about 398 ° C); this can be done in a period of about 12 minutes with a cold start. It should be noted that various other types of ovens require a longer or shorter time depending on the type of oven and its capacity.

Immediately adjacent the exit end of the furnace 16 is one Grid 18 is provided for aligning the bottles and a fluidized bed is provided for coating. The raster makes the bottles aligned along the conveyor track of the conveyor 14 and in this way for gripping by the coating

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device 20 prepositioned. The device 20 is described in greater detail below. It has a mechanism for Grasping the goods while they are moving with the conveyor 14, whereby the goods are first brought into the coating position and is conveyed to a conveyor device 22 after coating.

In the preferred embodiment of the object of the invention, the coating is applied to the bottle in such a way that

a

successively a variety of preheated goods into a / particulate Resin material-containing fluidized bed are immersed as described above. However, it is possible to have a Apply a similar coating of the goods using electrostatic spray processes, solvent processes, etc. Will a fluidized bed is used, however, it is essential that the preheated goods are held firmly in a stable position while this is placed in the bed so that the uniformity of the coating is maintained from bottle to bottle will. The method for producing a hole-free, adherent polymeric surface in the manner described above Strength required time is between about 2 and 10 seconds. Of course, this also depends on the preheating conditions for the bottle, the particle size of the polymer and other polymer properties. Preferably located the bottle in a cold bed for between 3 and 5 seconds.

On the conveyor arrangement 22 is externally coated Goods that are incompletely melted or sintered. Therefore

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the conveying device is guided through a melting or hardening zone or hardening furnace 24 (gas operated), in which there is also a zone 25 cooled by circulating air. The hardness or Furnace temperatures add significantly to the properties of the end product. A temperature of 45O ° F to 60O ⁰ F (= approx. 232 ⁰ C to 398 ⁰ C) is suitable for this. Preferably, the coated product at temperatures of 450 ° F to 475 ⁰ F (* about 232 ° C - about 246 ° C) for nominal 8 minutes, to obtain perfect results. This can also vary depending on the design of the furnace and the heat generating device. The conveyor should be kept as flat as possible so that the coated bottle base also maintains a flat or planar configuration. At the output end of the assembly 22 from a push device 24 is provided, which leads the bottles individually through a device for applying a lubricant.

Figures 3-15 illustrate the invention in more detail. For example, FIG. 5 illustrates the grid 18 for alignment of the bottles, which ensures that the bottles B are aligned lengthways when they pass the coating device reach. A simple overhanging device with bars 29 attached to a frame 30 and supporting brackets 31 as well as correspondingly spaced and vertically depending guide rods 32 carry this at. The guide rods 32 include the unaligned Goods and align them, together with the rest

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conveyed goods in a precisely aligned position (see. Fig. 5). The guide rods 32 can of course be sprung or designed in some other way, so that the movement of the goods passed by a minimal resistance is opposed. The number of such guide rods depends on the diagonal of the device and on the Cross-use of the device.

In connection with this, it may be desirable to use a rail-like Provide entrance to ensure accurate lateral alignment. In one form of training, a such inlet near the forward or downstream edges of the guide rods 32 for movement into the Bottle conveyor track can be provided. As a result, the guide rods guided past the guide rods in the active or lower position The goods are currently stopped until the leading bottle is precisely aligned laterally. Then * becomes with the following temporal precision, the goods after removing the inlet to an outside position guided. It is possible that the device described last is not in all embodiments of the method and The device according to the invention is required, but it can advantageously be used to prevent bottle breakage during the treatment as little as possible.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show the loading device 20 with the fluidized bed. The fluidized bed is on a vertical adjustable frame 36 trimmed by setting up

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of feet 37. This adjustment length easily allows the device to be adjusted according to varying delivery heights in particular, however, it facilitates the storage of bottles of different heights. The two main parts of the Fluidatbettes, namely a conveyor mechanism 38 and a fluidized bed container 40 are supported on the frame 36.

The figures show that the conveyor mechanism 38 has two pairs of arms 42, 44 which can be actuated in parallel, one pair rotatably mounted at 48 on each side of the device. The parallelism between the pairs is maintained by rotatable attached cross-connection elements 46 and a ceiling beam 50 extending between the respective pairs. The beam is also used to attach a number of gripping devices 34, which are described in more detail below,

the
and grasp and hold the goods B during the coating process while the goods are being guided from the conveyor 14 to the conveyor 22.

The conveyor mechanism 38 is a three-way device and has Counterweights or balancing elements 52 which are attached to rods 53 which emerge from below the frame and a Form extension of the arms 42. The weights serve to stabilize the mechanism in the middle and give it a more uniform one Movement during pivoting in response to actuation of fluidic cylinders 58, 60. These cylinders are responsive according to the existing control switching signals of the device and position the mechanism in each of its three

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Positions, once at the conveyor 14 for picking up the bottles, another time immediately above the fluidized bed container 40 and finally above the conveyor 22, to which the resin-coated goods or bottle are delivered.

The cylinder 58 has one end with a lever or driver housing 54, which in turn is rotatable at 66 to the frame 36, and is connected to the arm 42 as a shoulder 64. The activated cylinder 58 moves the mechanism 38 from its receiving position to the position over the fluidized bed 40 * The cylinder 60 is similarly rotatably connected to the lever 54 and connected to a rigid element 74, which extends upwardly from the frame along one side of the device. By actuating the cylinder 60 the mechanism 36 is moved in both directions between the overhang position and the point of delivery of the goods on the Conveyor 22 moves. The housing 54 serves to accommodate the cylinder movement in accordance with the respective drive functions and can, if desired, have counterweights 56.

The fluidized bed 40 is suspended from a support plate 70 on additional cylinders 72 for vertical reciprocation along the lower guide cylinder 68, in the direction of the arrow 73. Following the movement of the bottles B with the mechanism 38 to the overhang position, the bed 40 becomes so that the bottles B are immersed in the particulate resin material contained in the bed. To this

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After a suitable immersion time, which is preferably between about 2 and 10 seconds, a suitable coating thickness is established attached to the bottles B, which causes the shatterproof properties.

The shatterproof coating is on most of the applied to the outer bottle surface. However, since the bottles are firmly gripped around the bottle mouth and the inside the bottle must remain free of the resin, are the surface mouth and parts of the bottle neck not coated. It is of course desirable to have the bottleneck as high as possible to coat and to provide a uniform dividing line at the point where the coating ends. It is therefore It is essential that the surface level of the fluidized bed is kept uniform and constant. To achieve this a predetermined amount of the polymeric particulate material is fed to the bed in an intermittent manner after each immersion. Any feed devices, e.g. screws or bores, or belt-like devices can be used for this feed and the location of the actual entry of the material into the bed is arbitrary. At the same time is a suitable one Measuring device provided to measure the exact amount of material from one provided nearby, not shown Supply reserve container.

Although the fluidized bed described in the table above is movably attached and is back and forth from the conveying device moved forward, while the bottles B are held in order to

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Immersing the bottles in the bed can cause the fluidized bed be held in a substantially fixed position with an additional reciprocating motion with respect to the ceiling joist 50 is provided. As a result, the bed 40 can be provided on flexible attachments so that the bed can be immersed between dips the bottles vibrate, creating the right conditions for the bed's surface level will. Using this arrangement, while the commodity is being removed from the fluidized bed, the beam 50 may slightly are shaken at the end of its upward movements, whereby remaining, loosely present polymer particles from the coated Bottle surface can be removed. This reduces the possibility that these particles during 'the subsequent treatment are lost, so that contamination of the device / ier air and / or the bottle is reduced will.

Figure 8 shows a modified embodiment of the fluidized bed 40, wherein a perforated or porous support plate 80 is additionally provided. Such a plate - this is both critical as well as in general. Applicable for a fluidized bed-contributes to this however, allows the particulate resin material to remain in the top of the container during operation of air for making the bed itself. A line 7.8 connects a suitable source of compressed air to a lower one Guide cylinder 68 and finally with the underside of plate 80. In the modified embodiment shown, a stirring element 82 is located within the fluidized bed area of the loading

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holder 20 is provided and a suitable drive 84 is connected thereto by a drive shaft 85. The drive can be suitable Way to be attached to the container 40, either inside or outside, as long as this is the formation of the bed not bother. Such a stirring element should also be provided on each side of the bed so that the entire Goods are treated under the same conditions.

As already mentioned, the gripping device 34 is special well suited for use in conjunction with the fluidized bed. Therefore, in the following with reference to gripping devices spoken of such a facility. It should be noted, however, that the gripping device 34 is otherwise can be used with equal effectiveness.

The grippers 34 are typically not on one The forward mechanism shown is attached to a bridge 212 and

en has a holding element 50, · the with the gripping device / over a fluidized bed, not shown, are movable. As mentioned earlier, the articles, especially glassware, must be solid, however gently, repeatedly in a predetermined and reliable manner to obtain an accurate coating, and in order not to interrupt the operation of the machine and to ensure a continuous process. The facility usually in a plurality, is mounted on the support member 50 of the conveyor mechanism (see. Fig. 9). The establishment has various elements for housing a cylinder 216 and connecting elements 218. The connecting elements 218

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hold a parallel two-bar arrangement rotatable at the same time 220 and gripper elements 224, which actually touch and grasp the goods.

After the cylinder 16 has been switched on, a lever arm 226 (FIG. 11), which is rigidly connected to one of the connecting elements 218 is connected, rotated, wherein the connecting element is also rotated. This will, depending on the direction of rotation The rod 220 and the gripping elements 224 vibrate, respectively moved closer together or further apart in response to rotation of connector 218. In operation, the gripping elements are normally in the open position until the bottle goods, among other things, are precisely positioned for gripping is. Then the cylinder. 216 is turned on so that elements 224 are closed. The elements remain the goods are closed until the point in time at which the goods are parked after the coating has been completed.

As already mentioned, elastic elements 222 are of particular importance for the invention. These depend on the parallel Rod assemblies 220 and are formed from thin, arcuate material, preferably spring steel. the Type of material, the material thickness and the total length are of course variable, and it is selected on the basis of the goods or product properties and the correspondingly required Elasticity.

The use of the elements 222 supports the reduction

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Increasing the fluid pressure in the cylinder 216, since the inherent flexibility of the elements allows a uniform and sufficient gripping force to be maintained with respect to the gripped article. In the method described in the already mentioned parallel German patent application P ', relatively strong gripping elements are used, and therefore, the fluid pressure in the cylinder 216 produces virtually the entire ge gripping force exerted on the goods. Increased pressures are therefore necessary and a significant shock load can result from this. Of course, in some cases, for example when using glassware, it is important to keep this shock load as low as possible so that damage resulting therefrom is also minimized. Typically , by using the elastic elements 222, the pressure can be reduced by about 80 # without affecting the stability of the article or the bottle and / or the gripping effect thereof.

The gripper elements 224 have V-shaped grooves 226 and modified V-shaped grooves 228 that are suitable for receiving typical bottle mouths. The grooves are also important for the longitudinal alignment of the goods before they are captured, if the goods are not aligned. In this way, the incorrect alignment of the goods is compensated for without additional devices, with minimal bottle breakage.

In connection with this, the invention proposes modified gripper elements 224 on the underside, with forward and

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rear suspension 230 are provided in each case. This will be the front and rear outer parts of the underside of the element even further to the shape of the recess of the fluidized bed adjusted when items such as bottles are immersed in the bed. This advantage is underlined by hanging down the parallel rod assembly 220 of members 224, removing these rods from near the top of the Bed removed.

In this way they have the features described above the working properties of the conveying and gripping system for articles are improved.

Figures 3 and 4 show lines 43 »which are connected to a source for a pressurized fluid medium, and which pump this medium to the bottles held by the gripping device 34, thereby giving them a positive internal pressure receive. In this way the bottles can be coated without the risk of contamination of the inner surface the bottle is made of. Of course, other suitable ventilation devices can be provided above and around the fluidized bed can be used to minimize airborne resin particles in this area.

After the bottles B are immersed in the bed 40 in order to obtain the desired thickness of the resin coating, this becomes The bed is pulled together or the conveyor mechanism removes the bottles from the bed and repositions them in the third

position

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or the delivery point above the hardening furnace conveyor 22. When reached In this last position, the gripping device lets go of the coated goods and these are on the conveyor device conveyed through the furnace 24. As it passes through the oven, the coating becomes particulate Resin is heated to a molten, flowable state, so that a uniform coating and the desired surface texture is obtained.

It is important that the conveyor of conveyor 22 is positioned as flat as possible so that the soft-coated The bottle bottom is also planar. The two ovens 16 and 24 can be designed in many ways as long as they meet the conditions described.

After the resinous coating has hardened or melted, it is necessary to remove the goods from the conveyor 22 and in some cases this is a very difficult undertaking. Because the coating on the bottom of the bottle during the Schraelzens is in a semi-fluid form, the coating will adhere not only to the bottled goods, but also to the conveyor. When this occurs, the goods must first be removed from the conveyor be canceled before it is further promoted by this.

Figures 6 and 7 show a stripping device 26, the performs the functions mentioned, and a lever arm-like

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Exerting force on the bottles to disengage them from the conveyor. The stripping device has two pairs of opposite one another Holding members 100 and 104, which are provided on opposite sides of the conveyor 22 and with their lower ends are attached to the frame 30. Bridges 102 and 10J support the upper ends. The main components of the stripping devices however, are a pair of vertically mounted cylinders 108 that are rotatably attached to members 100 and a pair of horizontally mounted cylinders 110 rotatably attached to members 104, both of which Cylinder pairs are connected to an ejection element 112 and support this.

In operation, the stripping cylinder 108 displaces the ejector element 112 vertically to a position behind the bottles B with respect to its direction of movement with the conveyor 22. If a lever arm force is exerted on the goods, the downward movement of the element 112 is timed so that that the element grips the bottle along its shoulder. This downward force is accordingly partially converted into a horizontal tipping force converted, namely through the arched bottle shoulder and the bottle arch is removed from the conveyor. Then the element sets 112 continues its downward movement until it is adjacent to the bottom of the bottle is; then the cylinders 110 are switched on and the element 112 arcuately to one of the conveyor 22 remote point rotated (see. Fig. 6). This movement simultaneously moves the goods B from the conveyor 22, namely under the

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Influence of the element 12 and in this case against a stop 116 and on a further single-row conveyor 120.

The conveyor 120 promotes the shatterproof goods through a device 28 for applying lubricant and possibly even through the aforementioned heat treatment stage. However, a suitable lubricant can be applied to the coating using the apparatus of Figures 13 and 14, which is described in detail in U.S. Patent Application 820,529 . The goods are guided into a coating roller 128 between guide rails 124 held by adjusting screws 126. This has a non-positive holding system 132 for the roll, a porous, flexible belt and a stationary plate 130 which is supported by belts. When the bottle 3 engages the belt 134, it is pressed against the support plate 130 and the movement of the tape along the tape correspondingly rotated. Simultaneously, a ge to an applicator 136 by a spray head 138 oversprayed lubricant, which is then transferred to the outer side of the band 134, applied to the resin-coated surface which is pressed against the tape.

Of course, the device for applying the lubricant can be changed in various ways. One such modification is shown in FIGS. A frictional two- belt and roller system is used there and the belt surfaces almost completely encompass the height of the bottles. In addition, the conveyor 120 is changed in such a way that

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that it consists of several shorter conveyors, one of which in a lubricant 142 * which is provided in a container 144, can be immersed. In the same way, another of these shorter conveyors can consist of a perforated belt ", as shown at 145, through which other bottle bottom spraying compositions can be passed which are derived from Spray unit 146 are dispensed. This changed arrangement can also be used to preheat glass beads, among other things and to apply them in the polymeric coating or the bottom of the bottle.

Of course, the above-described embodiments of the invention may vary slightly depending on the circumstances can be modified without changing the essence of the invention.

A method and a device for coating glass with an oven and a fluidized bed are important for the invention, whereby a shatterproof thermoplastic polymer is preheated, dipped or hot-coated, hardened and continuously Way is applied to a material. The device has, inter alia, a gripping device for simultaneous gripping from a variety of goods and for passing through the coating stages. At the same time will be appropriate Processes and devices for preheating, hardening, applying variable coating thicknesses and for carrying out coated material and proposed for applying a lubricant to this.

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Claims (1)

Dart Industile & Inc. RP-7904-M19 _ (RP -7962-M19) Claims % $ 2310923 (1.) A method for producing a shatterproof, composite container with improved strength, characterized in that a completely independent glass container area is formed, further that the glass area is heated to a temperature between about 400 ⁰ F and 600 ⁰ F (= 204 ⁰ C and 316 ⁰ C) is heated so that a chemically adhesive and elastic thermoplastic polymeric particle layer is applied over a substantial area of the outer glass area, in an amount sufficient to completely protect this area in the finished container shape, and that the polymer Particle coating is then melted or hardened on the outer surface in order to apply a flexible, tightly adhering plastic coating over the glass area, whereby a shatterproof composite container is created. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the glass area is washed with hot water before heating. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that following the melting of the polymeric particle coating it is cooled, and that a composition from the group of Carnuba wax, silicone and compositions of silicone wax is applied to it. 4. A method for coating a glass container, characterized in that the container to a temperature of about 400 ⁰ F 3Q9837 / 0935 to about 600 ° F (= 204 ⁰ C - 316 ⁰ C) is preheated, further that the preheated container in a see from a thermoplastic polymer with a particle size of about 50 to about 20 mesh and a melt index of about 1 to about 2 existing fluidized bed is immersed for about 2 to about 10 seconds, and in that the submerged vessel at a temperature of about 400 ° F to about 55O ⁰ F (= 204 ⁰ C to 288 ⁰ C) is heated for about two to eight minutes, so that an adjacent plastic surface is formed on the glass container. 5. A method for coating a glass substrate, characterized in that the substrate is preheated to a temperature between about 400 ⁰ F and 600 ⁰ F (= 204 ° C to 316 ° C), further that ^{adhering to} the substrate thermoplastic polymeric particles an essential - Area of the same and applied in a sufficient amount, whereby the substrate is made shatterproof, and that then the particles are melted or hardened on the substrate, so that a flexible, intimately adhering Plastic coating is formed over it. 6. The method according to claim 5 »characterized in that the melting or hardening is carried out in that the substrate and the adhering particles a temperature between about 400 ⁰ F and 55O ⁰ F (= 204 ⁰ C and 288 ° C) exposed for about two to eight minutes. , 7. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that following the melting, the polymeric coating is air-conditioned 309837/0935 and its outer surface with a lubricant from the group of carnuba waxes, silicone and compounds wax
made of silicone / and then heat-treated, so that a coating surface is obtained which takes up an adhesive. 8. A method for varying the thickness of the coating on a glass substrate, characterized in that the substrate at least is preheated to the melting temperature of the coating material, further that the substrate is made in a fluidized bed particulate! Coating material is immersed that in the fluidized bed, adjacent to at least part of the substrate, there is an area with particulate! Material lower Density is provided so that at least particulate material rests on the adjacent substrate area, and that themselves removing the substrate from the fluidized bed if / as desired Amount of particulate matter has accumulated on it. 9. Feeder for intermittent treatment a plurality of individual articles, characterized by a support frame (36), further by one on the frame arranged container (40) with a porous holding element (80) for collecting the particulate coating material, by a conveyor mechanism (38) attached to the frame (36) for moving intermittently to a plurality of positions, at least one being disposed adjacent to the container (40) by one guided by the conveyor mechanism Gripping device (34) for gripping and securely holding 309837/0935 the article during movement of the conveyor mechanism to its plurality of positions, and through a device (58) for moving the container and gripper into close association when the conveyor mechanism is in juxtaposition with the container, so that the articles held by the gripping means with the particulate coating material come into contact. 10. Continuous feeder for treating a A plurality of articles, characterized in that a first conveyor device (16) is provided, of which at least one Partly movable through a heated zone, further that a coating mechanism (20) adjacent the exit end of the first conveyor is provided, the mechanism (20) having means for engaging the length of the mechanism has moved / egten article and this be in a first coating position and then in a delivery position. because a second conveyor assembly (24) adjacent the Coating mechanism (20-) is provided at the delivery position on which the articles are conveyed, the The second arrangement also has a part which is movable through a further heated zone. 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that means (28) for applying a lubricant to the exit end of the second conveyor assembly for applying a waxy substance is provided on at least a portion of the coated surface of the article. 309837/0935 12. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that a stripping device (26) for the article adjacent to the The end of the second conveyor device is provided, which has an element (112) for gripping and pushing off the article from the Owns device. 13. Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that the coating mechanism (20) has a support frame (36) and one arranged on the frame and having a porous holding element (80) for retaining a particulate coating material container (40), further a on the frame to move intermittently in a plurality owns, position-mounted conveyor mechanism (38) / wherein at least one of the positions a juxtaposition with the that Container forms, furthermore, one of the conveyor mechanism for gripping and holding the articles firmly while moving the conveyor to its plurality of positions Gripping means (34), and means (58) for moving the container and gripping means in close association, when the conveyor mechanism is in juxtaposition with the container, whereby those held by the gripping device Article in contact with the particulate coating material arrive, is provided. 14. Gripping device for conveying goods, in particular glassware or the like, characterized by a parallel two bar arrangement (220) with one rotatably attached thereto Link assembly (218) so that rotation or movement of the assembly alternatively removes the rods 309837/0935 to each other decreased and increased, and by attached to the rods Gripping elements (224) that grasp the goods between them, when the poles are close together. 15. Gripping device according to claim 14, characterized in that at least one of the elements (224) is elastically connected to the rod arrangement, so that the acting on the goods Force after closing is kept as low as possible and a relatively constant holding pressure during conveying the goods are maintained. 16. Gripping device according to claim 14, characterized in that at least one of mutually opposite, matching gripper elements (226, 228) provide a contact surface for the Has goods with a generally V-shaped configuration. 17. Gripping device according to claim 16, characterized in that the other of mutually opposite, matching gripper elements (228, 226) a contact surface for the goods with a protruding abutment device has, which with a part of the V-shaped configuration at least one Position of the parallel rod arrangement can be aligned to firmly grasp the goods located in between. 18. Gripping device according to claim 14, characterized in that the gripping elements (224) are attached to an outer part of the elastic elements (222). 19. Gripping device according to claim 14, characterized in that the gripping elements (224) are substantially at an angle 309837/0935 extend 90 ° from the elastic elements (222). 20. Gripping device according to claim 19 »characterized in that the underside of the gripping elements (224) towards their front and rear outer areas is sprung towards. 21. Coating device according to claim 9, characterized in that that the gripping device (34) has a line (78) through which a fluid medium to one with the gripped Goods coincident point is brought so that the inside of the goods during their movement under positive Pressure is on. 22. Fluidate bed device for holding a particulate Coating material, characterized by a container (40) with a porous support plate '"(80) over the material is held, further by a compressed air source, which is in communication with the underside of the support plate, and by a Means provided above the support plate for generating a range of particulate! Coating material with reduced density within the bed. 23.Fluidatbett according to claim 22, characterized in that a non-positive stirring element (82) extends into the fluidized bed and is held by the container (40). 309837/0935