DE2331799A1 - Additives for hydraulic fluids and lubricants - to inhibit local spontaneous combustion - Google Patents

Additives for hydraulic fluids and lubricants - to inhibit local spontaneous combustion

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Publication number
DE2331799A1
DE2331799A1 DE2331799A DE2331799A DE2331799A1 DE 2331799 A1 DE2331799 A1 DE 2331799A1 DE 2331799 A DE2331799 A DE 2331799A DE 2331799 A DE2331799 A DE 2331799A DE 2331799 A1 DE2331799 A1 DE 2331799A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
additive
hydraulic fluid
hydraulic fluids
spontaneous combustion
lubricants
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
DE2331799A
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE2331799B2 (en
DE2331799C3 (en
Inventor
Hans-Juergen Lohrentz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Continental Teves AG and Co oHG
Original Assignee
Alfred Teves GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alfred Teves GmbH filed Critical Alfred Teves GmbH
Priority to DE2331799A priority Critical patent/DE2331799C3/en
Publication of DE2331799A1 publication Critical patent/DE2331799A1/en
Publication of DE2331799B2 publication Critical patent/DE2331799B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE2331799C3 publication Critical patent/DE2331799C3/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M1/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
    • C10M1/08—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/02—Well-defined aliphatic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/02—Well-defined aliphatic compounds
    • C10M2203/022—Well-defined aliphatic compounds saturated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/02—Well-defined aliphatic compounds
    • C10M2203/024—Well-defined aliphatic compounds unsaturated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/04—Well-defined cycloaliphatic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/08—Aldehydes; Ketones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2227/08—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions having metal-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2227/082—Pb compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/02—Bearings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids

Abstract

Hydraulic fluids and lubricating oils with inflammable components (esp. mineral oils) contain an additive which reduces the spontaneous combustion of a mixt. of air and the inflammable components. The additive is pref. an antiknock agent, esp. tetraethyl lead. The additive prevents local explosions due to the diesel effect in air bubbles, thus preventing local hot spots and increasing the ageing resistance of the oil.

Description

ALEBED TEVES GMBH 5. Juni 1973 ALEBED TEVES GMBH June 5, 1973

Frankfurt am MainFrankfurt am Main

ZL/Schn/c P 4220ZL / Schn / c P 4220

H.-^. LohrentzH .- ^. Lohrentz

Hydraulikflüseigkeit oder Schmieröl mit brennbaren BestandteilenHydraulic fluid or lubricating oil with flammable components

Zu den zahlreichen Anforderungen, die an Hydraulikflüssigkeiten oder Schmieröle zu stellen sind, gehört eine hohe Temperaturfestigkeit. Hydrauliköle enthalten zum Beispiel Luftanteile, die bei Atmosphärendurck und 20 C zwischen 6 - 12 $ schwanken. Nach längerer Betriebszeit neigt jedes Öl mehr oder minder dazu, mit dem Sauerstoff der im öl gelösten Luft verschiedene Verbindungen einzugehen; es kommt zu einer chemischen Zersetzung des Öls, was durch die Bildung von schwarzen, schlammigen und klebrigen Substanzen sichtbar wird. Ähnliche Alterungserscheinungen treten bei Schmierölen auf.Among the numerous requirements that hydraulic fluids or Lubricating oils must have a high temperature resistance. Hydraulic oils, for example, contain air that is present at atmospheric pressure and 20 C vary between $ 6-12. After a longer period of operation, each oil tends to more or less with the oxygen in the im oil dissolved air to form various compounds; it comes to chemical decomposition of the oil, which becomes visible through the formation of black, muddy and sticky substances. Similar Signs of aging occur with lubricating oils.

Es wurde nun erkannt, daß die Oxidation von Hydraulikflüssigkeit und Schmieröl vielfach durch Verbrennung eines Gemischs aus Luft und brennbaren Bestandteilen des Öls hervorgerufen wird. Durch adiabatische Kompression eingeschlossener Gasblasen bei einem plötzlichen Druckanstiegt in der Flüssigkeit treten in den Gasblasen so hohe Temperaturen auf, daß es zu einer Entzündung von brennbaren Bestand-It has now been recognized that the oxidation of hydraulic fluid and Lubricating oil is often produced by burning a mixture of air and combustible components of the oil. By adiabatic Compression of trapped gas bubbles in the event of a sudden pressure increase in the liquid occur in the gas bubbles so high Temperatures that ignite flammable constituents

teilen der Flüssigkeit in den Gasblasen kommt (Dieseleffekt).divide the liquid in the gas bubbles (diesel effect).

In einer Versuchseinrichtung können solche Entzündungen als kurze Lichtblitze wahrgenommen werden. Über diese Zusammenhänge wurde im Heft 14/15, Nov. 1968, der Zeitschrift "Mineralöltechnik" berichtet.In a test facility, such inflammations can be perceived as short flashes of light. In the Issue 14/15, Nov. 1968, the magazine "Mineralöltechnik" reports.

409883/1 138409883/1 138

- F- - F-

Der Trend zu größeren Leistungen, höheren Drücken, höheren Drehzahlen und kürzeren Steuerzeiten hat in den letzten Jahren die Gefahr erhöht, daß Störungen durch den Dieseleffekt auftreten können. Dunkel gewordene öle, verkohlte Dichtungselemente und Werkstoffbrüche sind Zeugen dieser, zwar mit Druckstößen und Geräusch verbundenen, aber sonst unsichtbaren Vorgänge im Hydrauliksystem bzw. Schmiersystem. Insbesondere in Hydraulikzylindern können sich große Luftblasen bilden, sofern nicht durch entsprechende Anordnung der Zu- und Abflüsse oder andere Haßnahmen gewährleistet wird, daß die freie Luft durch die Strömung dem Behälter zugeführt wird und sich dort abscheiden kann.The trend towards greater power, higher pressures, higher speeds and shorter control times has increased the risk in recent years that malfunctions can occur due to the diesel effect. Darkened oils, charred sealing elements and material fractures are witnesses these processes in the hydraulic system or lubrication system, which are associated with pressure surges and noise, but are otherwise invisible. In particular Large air bubbles can form in hydraulic cylinders, unless the inlets and outlets are arranged appropriately or otherwise Hatred ensures that the free air through the flow is fed to the container and can be deposited there.

Während der sogenannte Dieseleffekt in größeren Luftblasen vom Erfinder bereits 1968 nachgewiesen werden konnte, gelang es nunmehr, eine gleiche Erscheinung auch in Gasblasen festzustellen, die durch Kavitation entstehen.While the so-called diesel effect in larger air bubbles by the inventor could already be proven in 1968, it has now been possible to establish a the same phenomenon can also be found in gas bubbles caused by cavitation develop.

t
Kavitaion kann in Hydraulikflüssigkeiten an vielen Stellen auftreten. In der Praxis findet man Kavitation hauptsächlich an folgenden Stellen hydraulischer Anlagen:t
Cavitation can occur in many places in hydraulic fluids. In practice, cavitation is mainly found in the following places in hydraulic systems:

a) in Saugleitungen und Pump en innenräumen durch zu hohe Widerstände a) in suction lines and pumps indoors due to excessively high resistances

b) an der Innenseite von Krümmern mit zu engem Radius oder scharfen Umlenkungen als Folge der bei Richtungsänderungen von Ölteilchen auftretenden Fliehkräfte.b) on the inside of bends with too narrow a radius or sharp deflections as a result of changes in direction centrifugal forces caused by oil particles.

c) in Druckleitungen innerhalb von Querschnittsverengungen infolge hoher Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten und Einschnürungenc) in pressure lines within cross-sectional constrictions as a result of high flow velocities and constrictions

d) in Arbeitsgeräten (Zylinder, Motore), in denen durch außen angreifende Kräfte Unterdrücke erzeugt werdend) in work equipment (cylinders, engines), in which by outside attacking forces create negative pressures

e) an Stellen des Systems, wo infolge Pulsationen bzw. plötzlicher Entspannung oder plötzlicher Absperrung von Strömungsquerschnitten die in Bewegung befindliche Ölmasse (Ölsäule) abreißte) at points in the system where pulsations or sudden changes occur Relaxation or sudden shut-off of flow cross-sections the moving oil mass (oil column) rips off

409883/1 138409883/1 138

f ) hinter Querschnittsverengungen in Hansen, vo die hohe StSmungsgeschwindigkeit in einen großen Querschnitt übergeht (Überdruckventile, Blenden, Steuerkanten von z.B. Wegeventilen, Steuerspiegeln usw.), als Folge der durch gegenläufige Virbel hervorgerufenen Aufspaltung der ölstrahlen.f) behind cross-sectional constrictions in Hansen, vo the high Flow velocity changes into a large cross-section (Pressure relief valves, orifices, control edges of e.g. directional control valves, control mirrors, etc.), as a result of counter-rotating Virbel caused splitting of the oil jets.

In Schmiersystemen, z.B. Zahnradgetrieben können zwischen den Zahnflanken ähnliche Kavitations- und Verdichtungseffekte auftreten.In lubrication systems, e.g. gear drives, between the tooth flanks similar cavitation and compression effects occur.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Alterungsbeständigkeit von Hydraulikflüssigkeit und Schmieröl mit brennbaren Bestandteilen zu erhöhen.The present invention is based on the problem of aging resistance of hydraulic fluid and lubricating oil with flammable components.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe gelang bei einer handelsüblichen Hydraulikflüssigkeit auf Mineralölbasis überraschenderweise dadurch, daß ein geringer Anteil Bleitetraäthyl der Hydraulikflüssigkeit beigemischt wurde (3 cnr Bleitetraäthyl auf 10 1 öl). Bleitetraäthyl wurde gewählt, weil sich mit ihm die Selbstentzündbarkeit des in den Gasblasen enthaltenen Gemische aus brennbaren Bestandteilen der Hydraulikflüssigkeit und Luft herabsetzen läßt. Ähnliche Wirkung haben Benzol, Alkohol, Aceton, Anilin, Kylidin, Toluidin, Bleialkyle, Metallcarbonyle oder BleitetraäthyleiThe solution to this problem was achieved with a commercially available hydraulic fluid based on mineral oil surprisingly in that a small proportion of tetraethyl lead is added to the hydraulic fluid was (3 cnr tetraethyl lead on 10 1 oil). Tetraethyl lead was chosen, because with it the self-igniting of the gas contained in the gas bubbles Can reduce mixtures of flammable components of the hydraulic fluid and air. Benzene, alcohol, Acetone, aniline, kylidine, toluidine, lead alkyls, metal carbonyls or Lead tetraethylei

Die Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung liegen abgesehen von der wesentlichen Erhöhung der Alterungsbeständigkeit von Hydraulikflüssigkeiten oder Schmierölen mit brennbaren Bestandteilen auch darin, daß durch die Unterdrückung oder Vermeidung des Dieseleffekts örtliche Temperaturspitzen in der Flüssigkeit vermieden werden. Solche Temperaturspitzen haben z.B. zu Beschädigungen von Sichtungen oder anderen empfindlichen Bauteilen hydraulischer Systeme bzw. zur Alterung der Flüssigkeit selbst geführt.The advantages of the present invention lie apart from the essential Increasing the aging resistance of hydraulic fluids or lubricating oils with flammable components also in that by the Suppression or avoidance of the diesel effect local temperature peaks in the liquid can be avoided. Such temperature peaks have e.g. to damage sightings or other sensitive components of hydraulic systems or to the aging of the fluid itself guided.

40 9883/113840 9883/1138

Claims (4)

PatentansprücheClaims 1. Hydraulikflüssigkeit oder Schmieröl mit brennbaren Bestandteilen, gekennzeichnet durch einen Zusatz von die Selbstentzündbarkeit eines Gemisches aus Luft und den brennbaren Bestandteilen verringernden Stoffen.1. hydraulic fluid or lubricating oil with flammable components, characterized by the addition of the self-igniting of a mixture of air and the combustible components reducing substances. 2. Hydraulikflüssigkeit oder Schmieröl nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es sich um ein handelsübliches Mineralöl mit dem Zusatz handelt.2. Hydraulic fluid or lubricating oil according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that it is a commercial mineral oil with the additive. 3. Hydraulikflüsßigkeit oder Schmieröl nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennze ichnet, daß der Zusatz aus für die Erhöhung der Oktanzahl handelsüblicher Ottokraftstoffe gebräuchlicher Stoffe besteht.3. Hydraulic fluid or lubricating oil according to claim 1 or 2, characterized It is indicated that the addition of substances commonly used to increase the octane number of commercially available petrol consists. 4. Hydraulikflüssigkeit oder Schmieröl nach Anspruch 1 oder einem der folgenden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Zusatz Bleitetraäthyl verwendet wird.4. Hydraulic fluid or lubricating oil according to claim 1 or one of the following, characterized in that tetraethyl lead is used as an additive. 409883/1138409883/1138
DE2331799A 1973-06-22 1973-06-22 Use of tetraethyl lead as an additive in a hydraulic fluid or in a lubricating oil Expired DE2331799C3 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2331799A DE2331799C3 (en) 1973-06-22 1973-06-22 Use of tetraethyl lead as an additive in a hydraulic fluid or in a lubricating oil

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2331799A DE2331799C3 (en) 1973-06-22 1973-06-22 Use of tetraethyl lead as an additive in a hydraulic fluid or in a lubricating oil

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE2331799A1 true DE2331799A1 (en) 1975-01-16
DE2331799B2 DE2331799B2 (en) 1981-04-02
DE2331799C3 DE2331799C3 (en) 1982-03-18

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE2331799A Expired DE2331799C3 (en) 1973-06-22 1973-06-22 Use of tetraethyl lead as an additive in a hydraulic fluid or in a lubricating oil

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DE (1) DE2331799C3 (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB986211A (en) * 1962-09-04 1965-03-17 Castrol Ltd Improvements in or relating to hydraulic fluids
FR1399820A (en) * 1963-05-17 1965-05-21 Lubrizol Corp Addition composition for mineral oils
US3281356A (en) * 1963-05-17 1966-10-25 Lubrizol Corp Thermally stable water-in-oil emulsions
DE1257336B (en) * 1962-09-04 1967-12-28 Castrol Ltd Refractory hydraulic fluid
US3383318A (en) * 1965-03-31 1968-05-14 Monsanto Co Fire resistant hydraulic fluids and lubricants
DE2164807A1 (en) * 1970-12-28 1972-07-20 Mobil Oil Corp., New York, N.Y. (V.StA.) Flame Resistant Fluids

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB986211A (en) * 1962-09-04 1965-03-17 Castrol Ltd Improvements in or relating to hydraulic fluids
DE1257336B (en) * 1962-09-04 1967-12-28 Castrol Ltd Refractory hydraulic fluid
FR1399820A (en) * 1963-05-17 1965-05-21 Lubrizol Corp Addition composition for mineral oils
US3281356A (en) * 1963-05-17 1966-10-25 Lubrizol Corp Thermally stable water-in-oil emulsions
GB1059848A (en) * 1963-05-17 1967-02-22 Lubrizol Corp Composition containing a succinic ester and an alkaline earth metal salt of a fatty acid
US3383318A (en) * 1965-03-31 1968-05-14 Monsanto Co Fire resistant hydraulic fluids and lubricants
DE2164807A1 (en) * 1970-12-28 1972-07-20 Mobil Oil Corp., New York, N.Y. (V.StA.) Flame Resistant Fluids
FR2120038A1 (en) * 1970-12-28 1972-08-11 Mobil Oil Corp

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2331799B2 (en) 1981-04-02
DE2331799C3 (en) 1982-03-18

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