DE3141242A1 - COOKING EQUIPMENT - Google Patents

Abstract

The device for extinguishing coke comprises an extinction container (1) provided with walls (15), a bottom (12), a removable cover (2) having on its bottom face sprayers (9) and an exhaust opening (14) for the gases formed during extinction. In the lower part of the extinction container (1), on at least two opposite walls (15), there are provided exhaust openings (14), each of them being connected at a branching (3) and each comprising a grid-shaped retainer (16) extending on their inner section. The grid is preferably adjustable so that it is possible to vary the free passage section. Further, the grid may be arranged in the branching pipe (3) outside the vertical wall of the container so that it is not in contact, or only slightly in contact with incandescent coke.

Description

The invention relates to a coke extinguisher

according to the preamble of claim 1.

Coke extinguishers are known. E.g.

in DE-PS 873 686 a device for extinguishing coke is described, the one container with a sloping bottom and an opening at its lower end for the escape of water vapor.

During the spraying of extinguishing water, the container is with a a tightly fitting lid. The steam generated during extinguishing flows through the glowing coke mass lying in the extinguishing container and leaves the container through said opening at the lower end of the base.

This device must be used in modern coke ovens during the Expressing process to take up the glowing coke and to do this a Have a length of about 14 to 24 m. This makes the dedusting very difficult because the collection hoods are designed to be very large and contain considerable amounts of dust Gases must be extracted. Also because of the very sloping floor the coke filling in the fire engine and thus the flow of water vapor through it very unevenly, leading to significant differences in the coke temperature and in the coke moisture leads. After all, the facility is not capable of that To use gases released during extinguishing, such as water vapor, for further use.

From DE-PS 23 20 057 a method and an apparatus for Extinguishing a heated bulk material, in particular coke, is known. In this case the coke to be cooled lies in a container on a permeable floor. Of the The container is closed with a lid with outlets for the extinguishing water. The extinguishing container rests on a box, the top part of which consists of grate bars forms said permeable container bottom. At least one of the side walls the box can be swiveled outwards.

Here, the bottom of the extinguishing container, which is designed as a grate, is made up of various The following reasons: a) The grate is opened every time the extinguishing container is loaded exposed to strong shocks from coke falling from a height of 8 to 10 m; b) the grate must bear the weight of the coke bed, which can reach 30 t; c) the rust is caused by the glowing coke, which has temperatures of 1000 to 1100 ° C, strongly heated; d) Water vapor acts on the rust at temperatures up to 7000C can reach, with higher pressures occurring; e) grab the grate responsive Substances, e.g.

Sulfur oxides and hydrogen sulfide, either with the extinguishing water dragged into the coke bed or during the Deletion through expelling the water vapor from the coke; f) the grate becomes the aforementioned Subject to stresses periodically, as the extinguishing cycle repeats itself continuously. This causes signs of aging in the rust material to appear earlier than in the case of the same Continuous loads.

It must be taken into account that these loads on the grate to occur at the same time to a large extent.

To date, no material is available, despite the above A long service life of such grates allows for stresses and strains. Therefore must these grids are replaced frequently. The corresponding assembly work can only take place inside the extinguishing container, for which purpose it must be cooled.

This results in business interruptions of at least 4 to 6 hours.

In addition, the quenching of the coke often deteriorates as a result that smaller pieces of coke get stuck in the openings of the grate and this clog, so that the passage of water vapor is difficult.

In addition, the box under the perforated bottom of the Extinguishing container according to DE-PS 23 20 057, the maximum bed height of the coke by about 600 mm reduced. This can lead to difficulties with older coke oven batteries lead because there the available height for extinguishing containers is limited.

In addition, the one on the box below the known extinguishing container pivotably attached side wall naturally on surfaces that are sealed separately and can lead to leaks at high steam pressures.

Also in DE-OS 29 29 385 an extinguishing container is specified in which heated coke lies on a grate and treated with extinguishing fluid from above will.

The formed steam emerges from the side of the extinguishing container at the bottom.

In US-PS 2,250,262 a laterally unloadable container with shown on a saddle floor. The floor arrangement is inclined on two sides intends, on the one hand, to prevent the impact and thus the breaking of bulk material, e.g. of coke, if it falls into the container from a great height.

On the other hand, the slope of the bottom should also allow the container to be emptied accelerate. The reference does not relate to the quenching of coke.

The invention is based on the object of a coke extinguishing device indicate, on the one hand, the gases formed during extinguishing, e.g. water vapor, flow evenly through the bed of coke without areas with very different ones Temperatures arise. These gases should also after passing through the bed of coke can be collected and cleaned for further use.

On the other hand, the parts of the facility should be designed in such a way that that they are mechanical, thermal and chemical pollution, e.g. the stresses mentioned under a) to f) above, even after numerous Withstand extinguishing cycles sufficiently, i.e.

have a long service life and, if necessary, easily and quickly Time are renewable.

The device should also be used, especially when used with coke oven batteries older design, allow the use of the maximum bed height of the coke.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that in the lower Area of the coke extinguishing tank in at least two opposing walls Outlet openings for the gases produced during the extinguishing process and then in each case a discharge are provided, over whose clear cross-section there is in each case a retaining element extends.

Various advantages result from the invention.

The device according to the invention, in particular the restraint organs in the discharges for the gases produced during extinguishing, have a special one long service life, because at least the mechanical and thermal stress of the Retention organs are significantly reduced. On the one hand, this eliminates the shock load of the retaining element when charging the extinguishing container with coke. On the other hand, it is a burden the weight of the bulk bed is not on the retaining element.

This can also be arranged so that it is not in immediate Comes into contact with the very hot, as yet unquenched coke.

In addition, the restraint organs can be arranged in the drains for the gases produced during extinguishing quickly without long operational interruptions be replaced.

It is of particular importance that due to the lateral attachment of the retaining organs in the extinguishing tank, the height of the bed of coke in this tank can extend further down and thus the useful volume is increased. In the device according to the invention, the lateral discharge of the gases from the extinguishing tank about 600 mm at additional height for the coke bed in the Container can be obtained. This is when using the extinguishing container in the form of a One-point container car and when receiving coke to be extinguished from furnace batteries different, especially older designs are particularly important. Besides the better ones Possible uses of the facility also result in lower construction costs for the extinguishing container.

According to an advantageous development of the invention, the floor of the extinguishing container designed as a closed deflecting floor. This soil shape is particularly well adapted to the streamlines of the extinguishing medium in the coke bed and ensures even cooling of the coke.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the baffle is perforated and combined with a gas collecting space below, which is connected via partial lines is connected to the discharges leading to gas cleaners. This achieves that the immediately on the Coke layer lying on the deflecting floor Extinguishing medium flows around well and is thus cooled evenly.

The retaining organs in the discharge lines of the extinguishing container are for Change in the clear cross-section of the leads is preferably adjustable. this is beneficial for optimizing the deletion process, because it reduces the ratio of the Partial flows of the extinguishing medium over the retaining element and over the perforated floor depending on e.g. the type of coke, its temperature and its bulk density can be set individually.

For the accelerated discharge of the extinguishing medium from the gas collecting space The outlet ends of the associated sub-lines are under the perforated baffle arranged within the discharge lines in which the retaining organs are provided. The outlet ends of the partial lines can be designed as injector nozzles.

In a special embodiment, the clear cross-section of the down conductors is which the retaining organs have, reduced in the area of the injector nozzles.

This increases the speed of the flow around the injector nozzles Extinguishing medium increased. The result is a negative pressure in the area around the injector nozzles and increased suction of gases from these nozzles.

It has been shown that the flow conditions in the extinguishing container then lead to a particularly uniform cooling of the coke if the deflector floor is highest in the middle area of the extinguishing container and from there symmetrically in Sloping towards the outlet openings, in the area of which the retaining organs are located is trained.

The retaining elements are preferably designed as grids. Included it is best if the main surface of the grate is at the beginning or inside the discharge for the extinguishing medium perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of this discharge is arranged. This results in the smallest possible dimensions for the grate.

In particular, one uses a device whose container bottom is designed as a deflector, and each with a grate as a retaining member lies in the plane of the nearest wall of the extinguishing container. This arrangement the retaining element is relatively simple to manufacture.

In some cases it is also advantageous if the angle between the main surface of the grate acting as a retaining element and the longitudinal direction of the associated water vapor discharge deviates from 900. The inclination obtained in the process the grate in some cases allows the glowing coke not to touch the grate and so protects the material mechanically and thermally.

For a more intensive flow through the coke to be cooled in the lower part In the area of the extinguishing container, it is useful above the outlet openings for the extinguishing medium to provide deflection devices on the walls of the extinguishing tank, which do so on these walls Divert the extinguishing medium flowing downwards to the central area of the coke bed.

When the glowing coke is poured into the container, the coke becomes deflected inward by the deflectors, so that the grates from the falling Coke remain untouched.

In order to cool the coke bed evenly over its section and Do not use more than the required amount of extinguishing water, it is advantageous to to use spray nozzles with different inside diameters at the same time. Through this the amount of water in the extinguishing tank can be adjusted in different areas of the extinguishing water supply can be set depending on the length of the path taken by the extinguishing water in the Coke bulk is covered. E.g. on the surface of the coke bed-in more extinguishing water is given to those areas from which the path of the Extinguishing water through the coke pack is longer than from other areas.

It has also proven to be beneficial to use different extinguishing water supplies with the help of a different number of spray nozzles per unit area of the extinguishing container lid to be determined. Nozzles with the same diameter can be used.

The drawing shows exemplary embodiments of the coke extinguishing device according to the invention schematically explained: They show: FIG. 1 a device with a closed Deflection floor, a grate as a retaining element in the plane of the respective extinguishing container wall and two gas cleaners on a chassis, partly in section; Fig. .2 a partial view of an outlet opening at the bottom of an extinguishing container according to FIG. 1, but with a grate inclined downwards towards the center of the container; 3 is a partial view an outlet opening according to FIG. 2 with one inclined downwards towards the outside of the container Rust; Fig. 4 is a partial view of an outlet opening according to FIG. 2 with a grate in the first straight section of gas discharge; Fig. 5 is a partial view of an outlet opening according to FIG. 2 with a grate in the first curved section of the gas discharge line; Fig. 6 is a partial view of an outlet opening according to FIG. 2 with a grate in the second straight line Section of gas discharge; 7 shows the device according to FIG. 1, additionally with Deflectors over the discharge openings for the extinguishing medium; 8 shows a device with a perforated baffle, a grate as a retaining element in the plane of the respective container wall and two gas cleaners on a chassis, partly in Cut.

The device according to FIG. 1 essentially consists of a coke extinguishing tank 1, which is closed at the top with a cover 2 and at the bottom via two lines 3 with two gas cleaners 4 is connected. The device is arranged on a chassis 5.

A water supply line 6 branches off at its end 7 into partial lines 8, which are each connected to a spray nozzle 9 on the underside of the cover 2.

The cover 2 closes the coke extinguishing container with the aid of seals 10 1 gas-tight to the top.

The container 1 filled with the bulk coke 11 has a bottom 12 in the form of a deflector floor. This extends on both sides of his in the middle of the container 1 arranged vertex 13 substantially obliquely down in the direction of two outlet openings 14 in two opposite one another Walls 15 of the container 1. The flanks of the base 12 on both sides of the apex 13 are arched downwards in a streamlined manner. The curvature is not absolutely necessary.

A retaining member 16 is located at each of the two outlet openings 14 arranged in the form of a grate in the plane of the closest wall 15 of the container 1.

The outlet openings 14 are each followed by a relatively short one horizontal section 17 of derivation 3. The continuation of the derivatives 3 forms in each case an upwardly curved section 18, which is divided into a relatively long vertical section 19 passes.

The outlets 3 are via flanges 20 and seals 21 with the same perpendicular supply lines 22 connected to the gas cleaners 4. These are Equipped with slides 23 for removing dust. Also are on the gas cleaners 4 outlets 24 are provided for the purified gas. In Figs. 1, 7 and 8 are the gas cleaner 4 shown as cyclones.

The facility is located for their transport to the individual coke oven chambers on the chassis 5, which has wheels 25 on a parallel to the coke oven battery Track is movable.

In Figures 2 to 6 are further expedient configurations for the arrangement of the retaining members 16 in the form of grids is given by way of example.

According to FIG. 2, the grate is directly at the outlet opening 14 and arranged obliquely downwards towards the center of the container 1.

According to FIG. 3, the grate is also directly at the outlet opening 14, but obliquely downwards to the outside of the container 1.

According to FIGS. 4 to 6, the grate is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction the derivative 3 arranged. It is either in the relatively short horizontal one Section 17 (Fig. 4), in the upwardly curved section 18 (Fig. 5) or on Beginning of the relatively long vertical section 19 (FIG. 6) of the lead 3.

The further the grate in the discharge line 3 is removed from the outlet opening 14 the lower the risk that the grate will come into contact with the glowing coke comes and is therefore heavily stressed mechanically and thermally.

Of course, the grate can also be in other places and in others Layers can be arranged in the region of the outlet opening 14. The grate consists e.g.

from individual grate bars or from grate plates. He is preferably installed in such a way that it can be exchanged from the outside without going inside of the container 1 must be entered.

FIG. 7 shows a further development of the device according to FIG. 1 shown. There are also deflection devices 26 above the outlet openings 14 provided. The deflection devices 26 deflect the downward direction in the area of the walls 15 Flow of the extinguishing medium away from the outlet openings 14 and towards the center the coke pile. As a result, the flow path of the extinguishing medium is in the area of the Walls 15 extended and therefore increased the heat absorption of this medium. aside from that When the container is being charged, the downwardly falling coke is caused by the deflector 26 deflected by the retaining member 16, which is so relatively shockproof.

The device according to FIG. 8 has a bottom 12 which perforates is. The openings 27 of the perforation connect the space in which the coke bed 11 is in the extinguishing container 1, with a gas collecting space 28- under the floor 12. From the underside of the gas collection chamber 28 leads a drain line 29 down, the merges into two sub-lines 30. The sub-lines 30 extend in a horizontal level below the coke extinguisher container in opposite Directions up to about the longitudinal axis of the respectively associated, relatively long vertical Section 19 of derivation 3. In the area of the longitudinal axis of this section 19 are the sub-lines 30 each at a right angle upwards into the interior of the discharge 3 introduced. The sections of the sub-lines located within the lines 3 30 are arranged approximately coaxially to section 19.

The exit ends 31 of the sub-lines 30 within the sections 19 are tapered in the form of injector nozzles.

To improve the injector effect, the clear cross-section of the Drains 3 in the area of the outlet ends 31 can be reduced.

To use it, the device according to FIG. 1 is placed in front of the device to be emptied Coke oven chamber driven. When the lid 2 is open, the extinguishing container 1 with the filled with glowing coke. After closing the cover 2, the coke bed is 11 sprayed with water through the nozzles 9. The water cools the coke by removing heat, whereby water vapor and possibly other gases, e.g. water gas, are formed. the The resulting gases flow through the coke bed 11 with further absorption of heat down to the outlet openings 14. If the floor 12 is designed as a deflector floor, it supports a favorable flow direction of the cooling gases. In the field of Outlet opening 14, the hot gases emerge from the container 1 through the retaining elements 16, of which larger coke particles are retained.

The gases then reach the gas purifiers 4 via the discharge lines 3. There the gases are cleaned and leave the gas cleaners 4 via the discharge lines 24 for further thermal and / or chemical use.

When using the device according to FIG. 8, this is first before driven the coke oven chamber to be emptied. When the cover 2 is open, the extinguishing container 1 filled with the glowing coke. After closing the lid 2, the. Bulk coke 11 sprayed with water through the nozzles 9. The water cools the coke by removing heat, whereby water vapor and possibly other gases, e.g. Water gas.

The resulting gases flow through the with further absorption of heat Coke bed 11 down.

The greater part of the gases leaves the extinguishing container 1 via the outlet openings 14, the downwardly curved shape of the deflector bottom forming a uniform Gas flow favors. The hot gases pass in the area of the outlet opening 14 the grids, which hold back any larger coke particles that may be entrained. The gases then reach the gas purifiers 4 via the discharge lines 3.

At the same time, a smaller part of that formed in the extinguishing container 1 flows Gases pass through the openings 27 of the base 12 into the gas collection space 28. From there the gases via the exhaust line 29, the two sub-lines 30 and their outlet ends 31 into the discharges 3, where the aforementioned larger partial flow of the gases combined with the smaller partial flow from the partial line 30.

The generation of a smaller partial flow through the perforated floor 12 has the advantage that the coke layer lying directly on the bottom 12 is completely is flowed through by the gases and cooled. This creates the bottom layer the coke bed is cooled as well as its upper areas.

The partial flow exiting through the grids creates a suction effect in the Area around the outlet ends 31 of the sub-lines 30. As a result, the perforated Bottom 12 penetrating smaller partial flow of the gases below the bottom 12 quickly Discharged via the outlet ends 31. This suction effect can be achieved by tapering the cross-section the derivation 3 in the area of the outlet ends 31 are reinforced.

Alternatively, the clear cross-section of the Derivatives 3 can be changed with the aid of adjustable retaining elements 16. This allows the quantitative ratio of the partial flows exiting via the retaining elements 16 to the partial flow running through the perforated base 12. For example, in the initial phase of extinguishing, the partial flow passing through the bottom 12 can reinforced by reducing the passage area on the retaining members 16 and are weakened again in the opposite way in the subsequent phase.

If necessary, the partial flow via the retaining elements 16 during any deletion phase can be completely interrupted. In this case act the sub-lines 30 no longer act as bypass lines, but take them temporarily the entire gas flow.

The retaining elements 16 can thus also function as valves. to for this purpose they can be provided with lamellar flaps, for example Throttling or interruption of the gas flow changed in their inclination or closed can be. Instead of the flaps, a slide can also be provided which the clear cross section of the derivation 3 can be reduced as desired.

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Claims (1)

Coke quenching device claims 1. Coke quenching device with a coke extinguishing tank (1), the walls (15), a floor (12), one that can be attached Lid (2) with spray nozzles (9) on the underside of the lid and an outlet opening (14) for gases produced during extinguishing, characterized in that in the lower Area of the coke extinguishing tank (1) in at least two opposite one another Walls (15) outlet openings (14) and then each a discharge line (3) are provided, over the clear cross-section of each a retaining member (16) extends 2nd coke extinguisher with a sloping bottom (12) of the container (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom (12) as a closed Diverting floor is formed 3. Coke extinguisher with an inclined Bottom (12) of the container (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom (12) is designed as a perforated baffle and a gas collection space below (28) is connected to the outlets (3) via partial lines (30). 4. coke extinguishing device according to claim 3, characterized in that the retaining elements (16) for changing the clear cross-section of the discharges (3) are adjustable. 5. Koksloeinrichtung according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that that the outlet ends (31) of the sub-lines (30) within the discharge lines (3) are provided and designed as injector nozzles. 6. coke quenching device according to claim 5, characterized in that the clear cross-section of the outlets (3) in the area around the outlet ends (31) is decreased. 7. coke quenching device according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized characterized in that in the side view of the coke extinguishing tank (1) the bottom (12) is highest in the middle area of the container (1) and from there symmetrically in the direction is formed sloping onto the outlet openings (14). 8. coke quenching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the retaining members (16) are designed as grids. 9. coke extinguishing device according to claim 8, characterized in that that in each case the main surface of the grate perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the associated Derivation (3) is arranged. 10. coke extinguishing device according to claim 9, characterized in that that the grids are in the plane of the closest wall (15) of the container (1) are arranged. 11. coke extinguishing device according to claim 8, characterized in that that in each case the angle between the main surface of the grate and the longitudinal direction the corresponding derivative (3) differs from 900. 12. Coke extinguishing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that over the outlet openings (14) on the walls (15) to the center of the The container (1) facing deflection devices (26) are provided. 13. Coke extinguishing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the spray nozzles (9) have different inner diameters. 14. Coke extinguishing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the number of spray nozzles (9) per unit area of the cover (2) is different.