DE3150134C1 - Process for producing compressed explosive charges - Google Patents

Abstract

In a process for producing compressed explosive charges, explosive, if appropriate mixed with phlegmatising agents and/or binders, is filled loose or pre-pressed into a charge cartridge and, in a pressure-tight container, compressive force is exerted on this charge simultaneously on the cartridge outside by a pressure medium from one or both cartridge end faces by means of or via a hydraulic fluid.

Description

The latter case is interesting for shaped charges insofar as than here the highest compression in the zones near the lining or covering takes place where the highest energy content is usually desired. In addition there is also the slightest compression in the right place is, namely where the initiation is to take place and because of the difficult initiation no particular emphasis is placed on the highest possible charge density. Also is this was an interesting opportunity from a manufacturing point of view Filling in the envelope if the transfer charge is already in place, Booster charge and inert dead insert for detonation wave guidance to press.

The features of the invention and its technical advantages result can also be found in the following description of exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the claims and the schematic drawings. It shows F i g. 1 and 2 different pressure-tight containers, in each of which there is a cargo envelope with one to be pressed Explosive filling is located in F i g. 2 shows a pressure-tight container b again that from a bottom 2, a jacket 3 and a screw cap 19 at the bottom of the jacket end is formed. It is used to hold a charge envelope 5 with one to be pressed Explosive filling 6 between a spike-forming lining 8 at one end of the envelope and a punch 27 at the other end of the envelope.

The spike-forming lining 8 is concentric around one of them Contour corresponding shaped body 21 arranged on the container bottom 2 said shaped body 21 has flow paths 22 that lead from an annular space 23 between the container jacket 3 and cargo envelope 5 to the lining 8 run. The annular space 23 closes a free space 24 at the end of the casing remote from the lining. Through the same and an opening 28 in the screw cap 19, the punch 27 extends outward. For better leadership The same is a sleeve-shaped attachment part 29 on the shell end remote from the lining intended.

The way things are, it is easily possible to get that from the stamp 27 on the filling 6 pressure exerted by the liquid pressure in the spaces 22, 23 and 24 to increase, e.g. B. around 100 to 500 bar.

This is a pressure that is far below the pressure of other one-sided or two-sided pressing processes and generally for most cargo envelopes Such an additional pressure or such an additive does not pose a problem But pressing force results in a compression over the entire explosive charge up to the shaped charge base, so that it is supplied to the container jacket 3, for example via a connecting piece 25 Pressure fluid 26 in the container 1 is not possible, the lining 8 of the Push the side of the flow paths 22 into the explosive charge.

Before going closer to F i g. 2 are received, there are a few observations sent in advance For shaped charges with spike-forming lining arranged on the front side, Spike-forming occupancy or projectile-forming occupancy are particularly recommended such compressed explosive charges, their starting material from the side of the liner respectively.

Allocation has been pressed ago In this pressing direction is namely the highest compression in the cargo zones near the lining or covering and the lowest compression in the cargo zones remote from the lining or covering recorded. This is advantageous in that it is close to the lining or occupancy Loading zones, the highest energy content is desired and highly compressed lining respectively.

unoccupied charge zones for the initiation provided here Would mean a difficulty.

It also provides cargo compaction from the side of the liner or occupancy her the possibility of a transfer charge, a booster charge and liner for detonation wave guidance in the envelope in place to install.

The latter is shown, for example, in FIG. 2 with a transfer charge 30, a booster charge 31 and an inert material insert 32 for detonation wave guidance happen, namely with a cargo envelope 33 with an explosive filling to be compressed 34 and a spike-forming lining 35 on the one facing away from the components 33 to 32 Infill side. The lining 35 is here longitudinally displaceable in the shell 33 arranged and provided on the base side with a collar 36 for guidance purposes.

The pressure exertion on the filling 34 in the shell 33 is shown in a pressure-tight container 37 completed, which has a bottom 38 with a central Opening 39 for a lower punch 40 and at the bottom end of its shell 41 as Closure, for example, a screw cap 42 with a central opening 43 for has an upper ram 44. The upper ram 44 lies in the pressure-tight container 37 of the lining 35 at a distance and can for better centering of the the latter can be provided with a spring-loaded pin 45. Along with the lining 35 and a guide sleeve 46 attached to the casing end on the lining side He has a separate pressure-tight space 47. There is hydraulic fluid in it 48, the supply of which has taken place, for example, via a bore 49 in the upper punch 44. As it is, it is possible to access from the side of the liner 35 the filling 34 optionally with the upper punch 44 via the liquid 48 in the room 47 or, with the upper punch 44 fixed, with the fluid pressure in space 47 itself to exert a compressive force.

The lower punch 40 can pass through the opening 39 in the container bottom 38 and a sleeve 50 up to the transfer charge 30 and booster charge 31 and

if the same is omitted, extend up to the filling 34 itself. But he can just as well - as from FIG. 4 can be seen - at a distance from this be arranged in the sleeve 50 in order in this way to a separate space 51 for hydraulic fluid 52 to arrive. Here, too, there is then the option of the explosive filling 34 in the shell 33 either with the lower punch 40 or to act with a fixed lower punch 40 with liquid pressure in the space 51, wherein the supply of the latter with pressure fluid 52, for example via a separate one Bore 53 in the lower punch 40 can be done.

To support the sheath 33 during the above-described application of pressure on the filling 34 is to apply pressure fluid to the outside of the casing 54 (left half of the figure) or 54a and 54b (right half of the figure). For this purpose, an annular space 55 (left Figure half), which in turn - as can be seen from the right half of the figure - Can be divided into two sections 55a and 55b by an insert 56.

If the annular space 55 is not divided, a pressure connection can then be used 57 set a uniform fluid pressure of the desired level. In the case of the right half of the figure it is possible to go into the annular space sections 55a and 55b to realize separate pressure connections 57a and 57b of different pressures, for example in the manner that there is a lower pressure in the annular space section 55b than in the annular space section 55a. The mentioned pressure difference should not be here be too large to be in the event of a leak between the two annular space sections 55a and 55b to be able to re-pump as much hydraulic fluid that the once set To maintain pressure difference further is. As functional a range from a few 10 to a few 100 bar is considered for this.

The way things are, i.a. the following pressure relations applied where PA is the pressure on the lining side, p, the pressure on the initiation side, PH is the pressure in the annulus, PA. H the pressure in the annular space section 55a and Pl. H den Symbolize pressure in the annular space section 55b.

1. PA = Pl = PH 2. PA = Pl and PH <PA 3. PA> PH> pr 4 PA > Pl PAH = PA PIH = Pl 5. PA> PAH> PIH> Pl Explained from the above , which is why it is possible with the situation described, the pressing process with the aim of an improved cargo quality to vary within wide limits.

Claims (5)

Claims: 1. Process for the production of pressed explosive charges, in the case of explosives, possibly mixed with phlegmatizers and / or binders, loose or pre-pressed in a cargo envelope and in a pressure-tight container on the filling in the cargo envelope with simultaneous pressurization of the envelope outside from one or both shell end faces by means of or via hydraulic fluid Pressure is applied, characterized in that the pressure exertion on the Filling (5, 34) of the cargo envelope (5, 33) and the application of pressure to the outside of the envelope be carried out with different high pressures. 2. The method according to claim 1, in which for the realization of shaped charges Charge envelopes are used, at one end as a frontal filling limit each one secured against displacement in the direction of the filling spike-forming Show lining, spike-forming occupancy or projectile-forming occupancy, characterized in that to exert pressure on the filling from the lining or the filling side remote from the occupancy, a liquid with a higher pressure level than that on the outer side of the shell and the outer side of the lining or covering is used, the pressure level on the lining or covering outside is equal to or lower than that on the outside of the case. 3. The method according to claim 1, in which for the realization of shaped charges Charge envelopes are used, at one end as a frontal filling limit a spike-forming lining that can be displaced in the direction of the filling, have spike-forming occupancy or projectile-forming occupancy, characterized in that that to exert pressure on the filling at a counter pressure (pj) on the lining or the infill side remote from the occupancy, the lining or Allocation on their outside with a print (pol) in height Exceeding pressure (pA) is applied. 4. The method according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that that the pressure level (PH PAH, PIH) on the outside of the envelope is higher than the pressure level (p,) on the lining resp. unoccupied infill side. 5. The method according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that that the pressure level on the outside of the shell in the lining or Occupancy (35) near area (55a) is higher than in the lining or occupancy (35) remote area (55b). The invention relates to a method for producing pressed explosive charges, in the case of explosives, possibly mixed with phlegmatizers and / or binders, loose or pre-pressed in a cargo envelope and in a pressure-tight container on the filling in the cargo envelope with simultaneous pressurization of the envelope outside from one or both sides of the envelope by means of or via pressure liquid a pressure is exerted. From US-PS 34 97 578 a method is one of the genus mentioned known, in which the PreßsSiucl, exercise on the filling of the cargo envelope and d e Pressurization of the envelope outside with g, lelc M high pressures completed will. The latter because of the inability to vary the charge density sometimes felt to be disadvantageous about the length of the charge, especially in tin ,, i ' to hollow charges with stac, -. e -forming lining arranged at the front, spine-forming Occupancy c £ cr projectile-forming occupancy. In view of this, it is the task of the present invention, a method to develop the genus mentioned at the beginning, which is related to influencing charge density proves to be superior to the well-known generic tZerfahren. This problem is solved by what is laid down in the claims Moderation. These measures can be consistently achieved with only little material and Perform time expenditure. In the same way it turns out to be completely unproblematic. in envelopes of the most varied of contours - without the tight tolerances that are inevitable for these The prerequisite would be - pressed explosive charges of a defined density up to very high to realize high final degrees of compression, independently or at least largely regardless of the type of grain shape, grain size and distribution in the Initial filling is. Where to obtain rotationally symmetrical shaped charges on one End of the shell as a frontal filling boundary a spike-forming lining, spike-forming occupancy or projectile-forming occupancy is used, applies for the latter in the same way as what was described above with regard to the envelope about contours and tolerances have been carried out. It is worth mentioning in this context the possibility of between exerting pressure on the filling of the lining or the side remote from the occupancy or the side of the lining or occupancy. According to the state of affairs, in the first case it is completely unproblematic the filling with a higher pressure than that on the envelope and Ausldeid- or load the outside of the occupancy, z. B. with an additional 100 to 500 bar. this is a pressing pressure that is far below that otherwise with one-sided or two-sided pressing arrangements customary pressure values and the usual charge envelopes in general to be able to resist. Such an additional pressure or such an additive Pressing force results in a compression over the entire explosive charge up to the shaped charge base, so that the pressure fluid present on the outside of the lining or covering the latter is not able to push it into the explosive charge.