DE3237574A1 - Use of amine oxides in the pulp and paper manufacture - Google Patents
Use of amine oxides in the pulp and paper manufactureInfo
- Publication number
- DE3237574A1 DE3237574A1 DE19823237574 DE3237574A DE3237574A1 DE 3237574 A1 DE3237574 A1 DE 3237574A1 DE 19823237574 DE19823237574 DE 19823237574 DE 3237574 A DE3237574 A DE 3237574A DE 3237574 A1 DE3237574 A1 DE 3237574A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- amine oxides
- pulp
- alkyl
- paper
- cellulose
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000006273 (C1-C3) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012496 blank sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019256 formaldehyde Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZBJVLWIYKOAYQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalen-2-yl 2-hydroxybenzoate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC1=CC=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1 ZBJVLWIYKOAYQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000963 oxybis(methylene) group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
- C09K23/16—Amines or polyamines
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
- D21H17/07—Nitrogen-containing compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
- A61L15/20—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons containing organic materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/001—Modification of pulp properties
- D21C9/002—Modification of pulp properties by chemical means; preparation of dewatered pulp, e.g. in sheet or bulk form, containing special additives
- D21C9/005—Modification of pulp properties by chemical means; preparation of dewatered pulp, e.g. in sheet or bulk form, containing special additives organic compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/22—Agents rendering paper porous, absorbent or bulky
Abstract
Description
Verwendung von Aminoxiden bei der Zellstoff- und Papier-Use of amine oxides in pulp and paper
herstellung Die Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung von oberflächenaktiven Aminoxiden bei der Herstellung von Zellulose oder Papier mit geringer mechanischer Festigkeit, hoher Saugfähigkeit und Weichheit.manufacture The invention relates to the use of surface-active substances Amine oxides in the production of cellulose or paper with low mechanical Strength, high absorbency and softness.
Es ist bereits bekannt, daß durch Zugabe von oberflächenaktiven Substanzen zu einer wäßrigen Zellulosepulpe die Bindung zwischen den Fasern der Zellulose vermindert wird. Man erhält auf diese Weise Zellstoff bzw. Papier mit größerer Weichheit und verminderter mechanischer Festigkeit. Diese Eigenschaften sind erwünscht, wenn die Zellulosebahn zu "fluff", einer flockigen Schicht terfasert werden soll Derartige Arbeitsweisen und die hierbei verwendeten oberflächenaktiven Hilfsmittel sind beispielsweise beschrieben in DE-B 22 56 239 und DE-B 25 02 357. Bei diesen oberflächenaktiven Hilfsmitteln handelt es sich um quartäre Ammoniumverbindungen, die sich von Fettalkoholen, oxethylierten Fettalkoholen oder oxalkylierten Alkylphenolen ableiten. Diese Substanzen ziehen aufgrund ihrer substantiven Eigenschaften auf die Faseroberfläche auf und vermindern dadurch den Energiebedarf: bei der Trockenzerfaserung.It is already known that by adding surface-active substances to an aqueous cellulose pulp, the bond between the fibers of the cellulose is reduced will. This gives pulp or paper with greater softness and reduced mechanical strength. These properties are desirable when the Cellulose web to be "fluff", a fluffy layer that is intended to be fiberized Working methods and the surface-active auxiliaries used here are for example described in DE-B 22 56 239 and DE-B 25 02 357. Surface-active in these Aids are quaternary ammonium compounds, which differ from fatty alcohols, Derive oxyethylated fatty alcohols or oxyalkylated alkylphenols. These substances attract due to their substantive properties on the fiber surface and thereby reduce the energy requirement: during dry fiberization.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß Dian Zellulose oder Papier mit besonders vorteilhaften Eigenschaften hinsichtlich der Verwendung in Hygiene-Produkten erhält, wenn man der Zellstoffsuspension oder dem daraus geformten Papier Aminoxide der allgemeinen Forrael I in der R1 geradkettige oder verzweigte Alkylreste mit 8 bis 22 C-Atomen, R2 Wasserstoff und/oder C1 -C2-Alkyl, R3 und R4 unabhängig voneinander C1-C3-Alkyl oder (CH2 CH2O)m-H mit m = 1 - 5 und n Werte von 0 - 15 bedeuten, zusetzt.It has now been found that Dian cellulose or paper with particularly advantageous properties with regard to use in hygiene products is obtained if amine oxides of the general formula I are added to the cellulose suspension or the paper formed therefrom in which R1 straight-chain or branched alkyl radicals with 8 to 22 carbon atoms, R2 hydrogen and / or C1 -C2 -alkyl, R3 and R4 independently of one another C1-C3-alkyl or (CH2 CH2O) mH with m = 1-5 and n Values from 0 - 15 mean adding.
Durch die Verwendung der Aminoxide der Formel I gemäß der Erfindung wird die mechanische Festigkeit der Zelluloseprodukte weiter herabgesetzt, e'ine gute Benetzbarkeit und darüber hinaus eine vorteilhafte hohe Saugkapazität der daraus hergestellten Hygiene-Produkte erreicht.By using the amine oxides of the formula I according to the invention the mechanical strength of the cellulose products is further reduced, e'ine good wettability and, moreover, an advantageous high suction capacity of the resulting manufactured hygiene products.
Die vorteilhaften Wirkungen der Aminoxide der Formel I bei der Zellstoff- und Papierherstellung sind umso erstaunlicher, als die kninoxide aufgrund ihres strukturellen Aufbaus verglichen mit quaternären Ammoniumverbindungen nur äußerst geringe substantive Eigenschaften besitzen.The beneficial effects of the amine oxides of the formula I in pulp and papermaking are even more astonishing than the kninoxide because of their structural structure compared to quaternary ammonium compounds only extremely have low substantive properties.
Ihre bevorzugte Eignung bei der Verwendung gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung dürfte unter anderem auf ihre gute antistatische Wirkung zurückzuführen sein.Your preferred suitability for use in accordance with the present Invention is believed to be due, among other things, to its good antistatic effect be.
Die Aminoxide der Formel I können nach bekannten Verfahren entsprechend dem allgemeinen Reaktionsschema X = Halogen oder -OSO 3Me, Me = Alkalimetall hergestellt werden.The amine oxides of the formula I can be prepared by known processes according to the general reaction scheme X = halogen or -OSO 3Me, Me = alkali metal.
Vorzugsweise kommen solche Aminoxide der Formel I zur Anwendung, bei denen R2 Wasserstoff und n 0 oder Werte von 1 bis 10 darstellen.Such amine oxides of the formula I are preferably used where R2 is hydrogen and n is 0 or values from 1 to 10.
Die Aminoxide der Formel I werden der Zellstoffsuspension, die für die erstellung von Hygiene-Zellstoff gedacht ist, in der Regel nach dem Bleichprozeß vor oder während der Verformung zu kontinuierlichen Bahnen auf einer Zellstoffentwässerungs- oder einer Papiermaschine zugesetzt. Die Aminoxide werden zweckmäßig als 1 bis 15 %ige wäßrige Lösung in solchen Mengen zugegeben, daß die Einsatzmenge 0,02 bis etwa 2 %, vorzugsweise 0,1 bis 1 %, bezogen auf das Trockengewicht der Zellulose beträgt.The amine oxides of the formula I are the pulp suspension, which for The creation of hygienic pulp is intended, as a rule, after the bleaching process before or during the deformation into continuous webs on a pulp dewatering or added to a paper machine. The amine oxides are conveniently classified as 1 to 15 % aqueous solution is added in such amounts that the amount used is 0.02 to about 2%, preferably 0.1 to 1%, based on the dry weight of the cellulose.
Die Zugabmenge hängt insbesondere von der gewünschten Wirkung an. Sie kann erforderlichenfalls die vorstehend angegebene obere Grenze auch noch überschreiten.The amount added depends in particular on the desired effect. If necessary, it can also exceed the upper limit specified above.
Die gemäß der Erfindung behandelte Zellulose oder das Papier können für die verschiedenen Hygiene-Produkte wie z.B. ToilStenpapier, Papierhandtücher und Textilersatzmaterialien und dergleichen verwendet werden.The cellulose treated according to the invention or the paper can for the various hygiene products such as toilet paper, paper towels and textile substitute materials and the like can be used.
Die Erfindung wird durch die folgenden Beispiele weiter erläutert Beispiele 1 bis 4 Einer 3 %igen Zellstoffsuspension, die für sanitäre Zwecke geeignet ist und die im Laboratoriumspulper 2 Minuten lang aufgeschlagen wurde, wurden Aminoxide der Formel 1 in 1 %iger Lösung zugesetzt. ,)ie so behandelten Zellstoff-Suspensionen wurden auf 2 % verdünnt; anschlie-Bend wurde in der Blattbildungssäule des "Rapid-Köthen-Blattbildner" jeweils ein Blatt mit einem Flächengewicht von 300 g/m2 gebildet. Die so hergestellten Prüfblätter wurden auf eie dampfbeheizten und filzbespannten Trocken zylinder getrocknet und 48 h lang bei 200C und 65 % relativer Luftfeuchte klimatisiert.The invention is further illustrated by the following examples Examples 1 to 4 A 3% pulp suspension suitable for sanitary purposes and which was whipped in the laboratory pulper for 2 minutes, became amine oxides the formula 1 added in 1% solution. ,) ie so treated Pulp suspensions were diluted to 2%; Subsequently, in the sheet formation column of the "Rapid-Köthen-Blattbildner" each formed a sheet with a basis weight of 300 g / m2. The so produced Test sheets were dried on a steam-heated and felt-covered drying cylinder and air-conditioned for 48 hours at 200C and 65% relative humidity.
Die so hergestellten Blätter wurden folgenden Prüfungen unterworfen: 1. Berstfestigkeit (kPa) nach DIN 53141, Teiles (7.77), ZMV/13/62 2. Saughöhe entsprechend ZMV/15/60, wobei die Methode dadurch abgewandelt wurde, daß die Zeit in Sekunden bestimmt wurde, die das Prüfmedium Wasser benötigt, um einen 15 mm breiten Streifen 4 cm hoch zu steigen 3. Wasseraufnahme für Hygiene-Papiere gemäß ZMV/29.4/81 Es wurden folgende Aminoxide der allgemeinen Formel I verwendet: Bei R1 R2 R3 R4 n spiel -1 Nr.The sheets produced in this way were subjected to the following tests: 1. Burst strength (kPa) according to DIN 53141, part (7.77), ZMV / 13/62 2. Suction lift accordingly ZMV / 15/60, whereby the method was modified by the fact that the time in seconds it was determined that the test medium water requires a 15 mm wide strip 4 cm high to rise 3. Water absorption for hygiene papers according to ZMV / 29.4 / 81 Es the following amine oxides of the general formula I were used: For R1 R2 R3 R4 n game -1 no.
1 Talgfettalkyl H CH3 CH3 8 2 Stearyl - (C2H4O)2,5 -H (C2H40)2,5-H 0 3 Lauryl H CH3 CH3 2 4 C12-C14-Alkyl H CH3 CH3 3 Bei den Prüfungen wurde eine Blindprobe, ohne Zusatz von oberflächenaktiven Substanzen angefertigt und zum Vergleich außerdem ein Muster unter Zusatz eines Alkylphenyl- polyoxyalkylenamoniumsalzes gemäß DE-B 25 02 357 (im Handel unter dem Warenzeichen "Berocell 25" der Berol Kemi AB) in die Untersuchungen einbezoyen. Es wurden folgende Ergebnisse erhalten: Beispiel Zusatz Berstfestigkeit Saughöhe Wasseraufnahme Nr. (%) (kPa) (sec) (g/m²) Blmdprobe - 608 66 839 I 0,1 575 65 923 0,25 454 63 1 046 0,5 373 70 1 178 II 0,1 - - -0,25 - - -0,5 429 60 1 106 III 0,1 - - -0,25 - - -0,5 445 57 1 042 IV 0,1 522 71 -0,25 389 68 1 120 0,5 266 66 1 203 Vergleich: Alkylphenyl-polyoxalkylenammoniumsalz 0,1 575 88 900 0,25 604 81 915 0,5 552 79 9411 Tallow fatty alkyl H CH3 CH3 8 2 Stearyl - (C2H4O) 2,5 -H (C2H40) 2,5-H 0 3 Lauryl H CH3 CH3 2 4 C12-C14-Alkyl H CH3 CH3 3 During the tests, a Blank sample made without the addition of surface-active substances and for comparison also a sample with the addition of an alkylphenyl polyoxyalkylenemonium salt according to DE-B 25 02 357 (commercially available under the trademark "Berocell 25" from Berol Kemi AB) in the investigations. The following results were obtained: Example Additional burst strength, suction height, water absorption no. (%) (KPa) (sec) (g / m²) Blmdprobe - 608 66 839 I 0.1 575 65 923 0.25 454 63 1 046 0.5 373 70 1 178 II 0.1 - - -0.25 - - -0.5 429 60 1 106 III 0.1 - - -0.25 - - -0.5 445 57 1 042 IV 0.1 522 71 -0.25 389 68 1 120 0.5 266 66 1 203 Comparison: alkylphenyl polyoxalkylene ammonium salt 0.1 575 88 900 0.25 604 81 915 0.5 552 79 941
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19823237574 DE3237574A1 (en) | 1982-10-09 | 1982-10-09 | Use of amine oxides in the pulp and paper manufacture |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19823237574 DE3237574A1 (en) | 1982-10-09 | 1982-10-09 | Use of amine oxides in the pulp and paper manufacture |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE3237574A1 true DE3237574A1 (en) | 1984-04-12 |
Family
ID=6175407
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19823237574 Withdrawn DE3237574A1 (en) | 1982-10-09 | 1982-10-09 | Use of amine oxides in the pulp and paper manufacture |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE3237574A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1995007386A1 (en) * | 1993-09-06 | 1995-03-16 | Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft | Papermaking process |
| WO1998041687A1 (en) * | 1997-03-19 | 1998-09-24 | Sca Hygiene Products Gmbh | Composition containing humidity regulators, for tissue products |
| CN102786608A (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2012-11-21 | 大连理工大学 | Interface free radical emulsion polymerization method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1241975A (en) * | 1967-08-03 | 1971-08-11 | Eastman Kodak Co | Improvements in and relating to fibrous structures |
| DE2502357B2 (en) * | 1974-01-25 | 1977-06-23 | Berol Kemi Ab, Stenungsund (Schweden) | POLYOXYALKYLENE AMMONIUM SALTS AND THEIR USE IN CELLULOSE AND PAPER PROCESSING |
| DE2256239B2 (en) * | 1971-11-19 | 1978-10-05 | Modokemi Ab, Stenungsund (Schweden) | Quaternary bis (polyoxyalkylene) ammonium salts, process for their production and their use in paper production and processing of cellulose |
-
1982
- 1982-10-09 DE DE19823237574 patent/DE3237574A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1241975A (en) * | 1967-08-03 | 1971-08-11 | Eastman Kodak Co | Improvements in and relating to fibrous structures |
| DE2256239B2 (en) * | 1971-11-19 | 1978-10-05 | Modokemi Ab, Stenungsund (Schweden) | Quaternary bis (polyoxyalkylene) ammonium salts, process for their production and their use in paper production and processing of cellulose |
| DE2502357B2 (en) * | 1974-01-25 | 1977-06-23 | Berol Kemi Ab, Stenungsund (Schweden) | POLYOXYALKYLENE AMMONIUM SALTS AND THEIR USE IN CELLULOSE AND PAPER PROCESSING |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1995007386A1 (en) * | 1993-09-06 | 1995-03-16 | Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft | Papermaking process |
| GB2286606A (en) * | 1993-09-06 | 1995-08-23 | Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag | Papermaking process |
| AT401072B (en) * | 1993-09-06 | 1996-06-25 | Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag | METHOD FOR PRODUCING PAPER |
| AU683074B2 (en) * | 1993-09-06 | 1997-10-30 | Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft | Papermaking process |
| WO1998041687A1 (en) * | 1997-03-19 | 1998-09-24 | Sca Hygiene Products Gmbh | Composition containing humidity regulators, for tissue products |
| DE19711452A1 (en) * | 1997-03-19 | 1998-09-24 | Sca Hygiene Paper Gmbh | Moisture regulator-containing composition for tissue products, process for the production of these products, use of the composition for the treatment of tissue products and tissue products in the form of wetlaid, including TAD or airlaid (non-woven) based on flat carrier materials predominantly containing cellulose fibers |
| US6306408B1 (en) | 1997-03-19 | 2001-10-23 | Sca Hygiene Products Gmbh | Composition containing humidity regulators, for tissue products |
| US6641822B2 (en) | 1997-03-19 | 2003-11-04 | Sca Hygiene Products Gmbh | Composition containing humidity regulators for preparing tissue products |
| CN102786608A (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2012-11-21 | 大连理工大学 | Interface free radical emulsion polymerization method |
| CN102786608B (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2014-04-16 | 大连理工大学 | Interface free radical emulsion polymerization method |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8110 | Request for examination paragraph 44 | ||
| 8130 | Withdrawal |