DE3436693A1 - COMPLETE PORTABLE SINGLE PATIENT BLOWER REVIVAL DEVICE - Google Patents

Description

./·. '"- -3436393

Applicant: Figgie International Inc.

submitted later

Self-contained portable single patient blower resuscitation device

Field of invention

The present invention relates generally to breathing apparatus, and more particularly to a self-contained portable one Breathing device that can be used both as a ventilator and for a limited period of time as a Resuscitation device can be used.

Background to the invention

Various types of breathing devices are well known in the art. The present invention is concerned with those Class of devices which, depending on their primary intended use, are generally either resuscitation devices and / or fans. In this description a resuscitation device is used as a device understood, which is used to induce breathing in a person who has stopped breathing. Will be similar A blower is understood to mean a device for generating a positive pressure that differs from a resuscitation device is used to aid lung breathing. Most of the types of devices known were for use in hospitals developed and are powered by this supplied electrical power. They are also suitable for the An-10

.9.

A twist on the hospital's oxygen supply system.

Although some portable resuscitation devices have been used in the past were known, the oxygen in these devices was typically carried in bottles. this leads to an unfavorable ratio of weight to oxygen supply. In addition, these with oxygen in Bottle-working devices typically compare to devices that rely on chemical oxygen Way is generated, have a relatively short storage time. Hence the. Desire for a portable resuscitation device with an acceptable weight to oxygen supply ratio and a relatively long shelf life.

Known portable resuscitation devices have only operated on a time base. This is a volume of a mixture of atmospheric oxygen is pressed into a patient's lungs for a period of time, and the air-oxygen mixture is then allowed to escape during another time period, the time periods approximating a normal breathing cycle to be selected. Known portable fans could be operated on a demand cycle, with each input

■ - breathing phase of the mixture supply through the inhalation efforts during The patient's breathing is triggered. Such on-demand blowers are not suitable for use as resuscitation devices, since the patient is then unable to initiate their operation. Similar are those working on a time base Resuscitation devices are not intended for use as a ventilator or in patients who are starting to breathe naturally, as one Mismatching the breathing cycle to the patient's physiological needs could lead to a dream. From this it follows There was a desire to develop a portable unit that could be used as either a blower or a resuscitation device can be used, this portable unit normally operating on a time base in time cycles, the temporal cycle of the inhalation or exhalation efforts of a

M 3A36693, '<* ⁰ '' ^: "· ^: ·"""

Patient can be overridden.

Object and summary description of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a portable blower / resuscitation device with which the disadvantages of the known devices can be overcome.

In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a self-contained, portable, single patient blower / resuscitator of the chemical oxygen generator type, the blower / resuscitator another memory for the absorption of oxygen from * the chemical oxygen generator during the exhalation phase and also supplement the oxygen provided by the chemical oxygen generator during the inhalation phase and the blower / resuscitator has an extended shelf life and a satisfactory cycle of operation.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a self-contained, portable, single patient blower / resuscitator of the type discussed above, the blower / resuscitator being a venturi pump and a filter and the unit can introduce filtered air into the exhaust of the oxygen generator in order to to further extend its effective operating time, and with the unit having an acceptable weight-to-oxygen ratio Having supply.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a self-contained, portable, single patient blower / resuscitator of the type with a primary temporal cycle of operation, with the blower / resuscitator initially supply a patient with an air-oxygen mixture for a first limited period of time

ren and then allow the patient's breathing room the air-oxygen mixture limited during a second Ejects period of time, with the patient either the inhalation or the exhalation cycle with his own breathing cycle can oversteer.

The foregoing objects and other objects and advantages of this invention will be further apparent from a consideration of US Pat the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Brief description of the drawing
In the drawing is:

Fig. 1 is a somewhat schematic diagram showing the flow paths showing an embodiment of the present invention,

2 shows the representation of a simulated pressure-time curve with the representation of a normal temporal inhalation / exhalation cycle with an inhalation time of 2 and an exhalation time of 4 seconds and also triggered by the patient Abbreviated inhalation and exhalation cycles, during which the patient follows the normal cycle for satisfaction has overridden his physiological needs,

FIG. 3 shows a somewhat schematic diagram of the flow paths, similar to FIG. 1, showing another embodiment of the invention shown in FIG.

Description of the embodiment according to FIG. 1

In Fig. 1, a single patient blower / resuscitation device is shown in a diagram. The blower / resuscitator-'9 / 10

-Ai-

advises contains a mask 10. This can be attached with a head harness Attach 12 to the patient. The patient is shown in part with his breathing space 14 and his airways 16. The blower / resuscitator also includes an oxygen source 18, a supply device shown generally at 20 and a controller operated by the fluid. The supply device also contains a valve device for the mask 10 and the headgear 12 or a distribution valve 22, which is connected between an inhalation and an exhalation position is displaceable. It also contains more between the oxygen source 18 and the Mask 10 lying fluid components. The controller actuated by the fluid is generally at 24 shown. An optional oxygen supply line is shown at 25. The valve 22 operates as a two position flow directing one Middle.

The oxygen source 18, which also represents an energy supply, contains a chemical oxygen generator. With this one it is preferably a chlorate candle. Chlorate candles are well known in the art. Such a candle is described in U.S. Patent 2,507,450. In operation, the chlorate candle emits oxygen via an outlet line 26. Direct Downstream of the outlet 26 is a venturi pump with a venturi tube 28. That from the chlorate candle discharged gas is given through a nozzle opening 27 and then through the venturi tube 28. According to well-known The pressure of the oxygen falls as it passes through the narrow section of the venturi tube. This Pressure drop is used to draw ambient air into the suction portion 33 of the pump 28 as it is done by the Arrow 30 is indicated, and the air passes through a filter made of activated charcoal or the like, as at 3 2, and through the inlet or suction portion of the venturi. The purpose of the filter is to remove it of toxic or other harmful impurities 10

■ η-

from the ambient air. The filter has one opposite the Ambient air open filter inlet and a filter outlet connected to the suction portion of the pump. A check valve can cooperate with the inlet to allow a flow of air only in that indicated by arrow 30 Allow direction. The filtered ambient air is mixed with the oxygen flowing below the nozzle opening 27, and the filtered air and oxygen are passed through the Discharge portion 33 a of the pump 28 discharged. A pressure or flow control valve, shown at 34, is downstream the pump and ensures that the valve 22 is supplied with a relatively constant flow.

The filter 32, the pump, the control device 24 and the oxygen generator are all arranged in one housing. This is shown with the dash-dotted line 8. The distribution valve 22 is basically a two-way control valve Positions and three entries or exits. Usually it is done by the action of a spring 35 in that shown in FIG Inhalation position held. However, it is under the influence of the control line pressure prevailing in the control line 36 can be moved into an exhalation position. When the valve is in the inhalation position shown in the figure

* "" * ■ the flow from the oxygen generator through the valve 22, the Line 38, the check valve 40, the line 42, the check valve 44 and through the line 46 to the mask 10 and then through the air duct 16 of the patient into the breathing space 14. These The flow continues until the valve 22 is pushed into its exhalation position under the influence of the control line 36. at valve 22 is in its exhalation position, the flow from oxygen generator 18 through valve 22, the line 48, the check valve 50, the line 52 and from there into the memory 54. If the pressure in the memory 54 should exceed its design height, the additional pressure can be vented via the pressure relief valve 56 to the atmosphere will. The line 52 is connected to the line 38 via a further line 51. In this there is a

'/ IU-

compensated check valve 60. The check valve 60 is compensated via a control line 62. This has a Outflow opening 64 open to the atmosphere. Other components in the oxygen supply system are the most positive Exhalation pressure valve (PEEP) at the end. This is in the form of a pressure compensated relief valve 66 that is connected via a line 67 and a control line 68 to the line 4 2 and to the line 58 via the control line 69. This also has an outflow line 70 open to the atmosphere. In Fig. 2, the PEEP pressure is expressed as a 0 cm column of water shown. Finally, there is a compensated exhalation valve in the form of a pressure-compensated check valve 72 provided. The valve 72 is compensated via the control line 74, which starts from the line 42. The check valve 44 and the pressure-compensated check valve 72 form a compensated inhalation / exhalation valve. In a typical In this case, this is mounted on the mask at the end of the outlet tube 42.

According to the illustration, the control device 24 is actuated pneumatically and contains a pneumatic flip-flop 76. Its input is via line 78 with the oxygen source tied together. One such suitable flip-flop is the Norgren module 4FF-2O2.OOO. The outlet of the flip-flop can either be over line 80 or line 82 can be further connected. Both lead to the atmosphere via throttle points 81 and 83, respectively. It should be noted, however, that the control line 36 and the control line 36 lead from the line 82 to the control valve 22 is connected above the throttle point 83. Input control lines 84 and 86 are also provided for the flip-flop. As is well known in the art, the output of the bistable flip-flop, if it is in the control line 84 prevailing pressure is exposed, switch from line 80 to line 82. When the flip-flop 76 pressure in line 86 is suspended, its output will be similar Way switched from the line 82 to the line 80. Each of these lines 84 and 86 is through a suitable valve 10

• / 15-

connected to an associated outlet line 80 and 82, respectively. Such a valve can be a time module 88 and 89 Act. Such pneumatic time modules are known in the art. One such module is the Norgren time delay module 5TDO214-000. This combines a pneumatic resistance-capacitance network with a Schmitt trigger. The module has adjustable throttle points in the input. A pneumatic one Time module works essentially so that a flow of a controlling fluid through a variable Throttle point 88 passes until a certain predetermined volume 89 has entered the module. At this point it will then triggered the outlet flow. The adjustable opening 88 lying between the lines 80 and 84 is then adjusted and causes the exhaust flow to be initiated after two seconds. Similarly, the one with lines 82 and 86 cooperating adjustable orifice 88 can be adjusted so that exhaust flow is initiated after four seconds. By using these time modules, the operation of the control valve 22 can be controlled. As noted above, however the physiological needs of the patient can be adjusted from the preset values given by the time modules Times differ. Additional controls are therefore provided. Such a control would reduce the flow of "" "- normally block the line 80 to line 84. You would open when the pressure exceeds a predetermined limit. This control is shown at 90. These Controller 90 allows the timing module to be overridden under certain conditions described below. Additional Controls can also be provided between line 82 and line 86. Such a controller 92 is opened when the pressure in the mask falls below the value specified by valve 66. This would happen if the patient begins to inhale.

Actuated by pilot pressure, two positions and two directional ports having control valves are shown. By spring pressure, the valve 90 is normally in a 79/10

Held closed position. However, it opens when the pressure prevailing in the control line 94 exceeds the pressure which can be set by the Spring exceeds specified value. The valve 92 is normally held in the closed position by peder pressure. if However, if the patient begins to inhale, the pressure in the mask falls below the pressure generated by the PEEP valve specified value. These conditions are recognized by the control lines 96 and 98 and the valve 92 is thus in its Open position shifted. Although directional control valves have been shown as having two positions, others should be noted Control devices can be used. For example, cooperating with suitable pressure relief valves monostable flip-flops are used. In addition, logical air control systems can also be used for the various Controls 76, 88, 89, 90 and 92 can be used.

For the explanation of a working example, it is assumed that the chlorate candle 18 has just started to operate and that the outlet of the pneumatic module is connected to line 80. The distribution valve 22 is by the spring 35 in the Depressed position shown in the drawing. The flow from the generator 18 takes place via the venturi pump 28. There it takes the air 30 which has passed through the filter 32 occurs. The pressure at the outlet of the Venturi tube is regulated with the control valve 34. In Figure 2 the regulated pressure is such that a peak pressure of 35 centimeters of water is applied to a patient. However, higher pressures may be desirable. The flow from valve 34 now enters line 38 via valve 22, the check valve 40 and from there to the mask 10 and to the patient 14. This flow continues until either the time module between lines 80 and 84 switches off or until the controller 90 is switched and the flow from the line 80 to line 84 allows. The inhalation temperature period measured normally in terms of time is shown at I in FIG. Similar to a normal one or timed exhalation period shown in Figure 2 at E, and a full normal time cycle is shown at TC shown. The pressure to which valve 90 responds can be 10

set as shown in FIG. Ordinarily it would respond in one of two cases, namely when the The patient tries to exhale or when the patient's breathing space is filled to the set pressure. In both Cases has the oxygen and air passing through the line 38 and the check valve 40 no other possibility than to build up pressure in the control line 94, which runs between the line 42 and the controller 90. This has the effect that the controller has a work equipment ^ - Permits flow from 80 to line 84 and thus the output ^ of the pneumatic flip-flop 76 is placed on line 82. This pressure increase is shown in FIG. 2 at 95. Several things happened after this event occurred. First the valve 22 is moved by the pressure prevailing in the line 36 from the position shown to that position shifted in which the exiting from the oxygen source 18 Gas is passed from valve 22 into line 48 and then into reservoir 54. This causes a shortened inhalation period SI and a shortened cycle of the SC. At this point it should be noted that the amount given off by the chlorate candle Amount of gas is essentially constant over a predetermined period of time, and if it is not brought by the patient it must either be saved or it will be lost. The memory thus represents a facility with which the gas given off by the candle can be stored for further use by the patient. With yourself in the When the valve is in the exhalation position, it will be the one released by the candle Gas can only enter the storage tank during normal operation in order to release its stored oxygen and air, when the line 48 is pressurized by the line 62 when the valve 60 is compensated. At the same time will the pressure prevailing in the lines 38, 58 and in the control line 64 is released into the atmosphere via the vent 70. This allows the pressure compensated relief valve or PEEP valve 66 to reduce the pressure in the control line 74, which compensates for the exhalation valve 72, is lowered. In the meantime, until the PEEP pressure is reached, the 79/10

Exhale valve 72. This pressure is determined with the adjustable PEEP valve 66. The pressure setting can be between O and 20 cm water column fluctuate. When this pressure is reached, additional air is no longer emitted via valve 72. In general, one exhalation is rapid (within one second) and the remaining exhalation time (for example three seconds) is just a pause until the beginning of inhalation. Inhalation can be done with the time module 88, 89 between the lines 82 and 86 are triggered. These switch so that fluid is introduced into line 86 and the output of the pneumatic module is thus placed on line 80 and the exhalation cycle ends. Alternatively, if the patient should attempt inhalation, indicated by the pressure drop at 97 in FIG. 2, this would also cause the controller 92 to open. That is, when the pressure in the control line 96 is below the pressure drops in the control line 98, which would occur if the patient attempted to inhale, the valve 92 is in his Open position shifted and causes a shortened exhalation cycle SE. When the discharged fluid is returned to the line 80, the valve 22 is in its Moved position shown in Fig. 1. Additional oxygen and air are now flowing from venturi 28 and also from Memory in the mask. The check valve 60 thus lifts from its seat, since it no longer compensates via the line 62 will. This line has been vented via the vent 64. The pressure in line 38, 58 and 6 9 causes also that the PEEP valve is pushed into a closed position and thus prevents fluid from passing through it Valve is delivered through.

Since the natural physiological needs of the patient determine the timing of the inhalation / exhalation cycle, the accompanying person now turns to other needs. Known portable and / or pneumatically controlled blower / resuscitation devices do not allow the timing of the inhalation / exhalation cycle to be automatically extended as needed

device or shortened. They have to be set manually to adapt to the needs of the patient.

It should be noted that one of the advantages of the device described above is that the control means exclusively operated by the release of gas from the oxygen source. In practice, chlorate candles have been found to be an exceptional one have a long and reliable service life, for example ten years or more. By using this gas delivery for controlling the timing of the unit as well as its pressure compensation, an extremely reliable one results Blower / resuscitation device that also has a long lifespan.

While an embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig. 1 and described above, another embodiment is shown in FIG. While between the two There are many differences in the embodiments shown in Figures 1 and 3, two differences should be noted at the outset will. The first of these deviations is that the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is in the control device 24 relies on pneumatic circuitry, while in the construction shown in Fig. 3, logic air control elements be used. The other difference lies in the arrangement of the valve devices. In Fig. 1 this is the two Positioned valve having positions flow below the Venturi pump, while the valve in the one shown in FIG Construction is arranged upstream of the venturi pump.

Description of the embodiment according to FIG. 3

As shown in Fig. 3, the housing, the various contains the components of the single patient blower / resuscitation device by the dash-dotted line displayed. A mask 110.79 / 10 is located outside the housing

- YS -

This can be attached to a patient with a head strap 112. The patient is in part through breathing space 114 and its air channels 116 shown.

The various components are arranged in the housing. Major components include one shown generally at 118 Power supply, an ambient air filter shown generally at 120, one shown generally at 122 Pump, an accumulator 124 having an inlet / outlet line 126, one shown generally at 128 and having two positions Device for directing the flow, and various lines connecting the above components, which further are described in greater detail below. Primary control directions are also arranged in the housing will be described below in detail to the valve according to predetermined time intervals between its first and to slide its second position back and forth, and control devices to be operated by the patient, with which the patient controls the primary control devices via his inhalation or override exhalation efforts. An outlet line 130 extends from the pump 122 to the mask 110.

The energy for operating the blower / resuscitation device according to the invention is taken exclusively from the oxygen source when it is used as a portable unit, which is a chemical oxygen generator 132, preferably a chlorate candle. A check valve 134, a gas supply filter 135 and an oxygen supply line 136, which ends in the construction shown in FIG. 3 at point J1, extend from the oxygen generator and as part of the energy supply. As with the construction shown in Fig. 1, provision is made to connect the delivery or supply line coming from the oxygen generator to an external source of oxygen of suitable pressure, if desired. For this purpose, a fitting 138 is provided which extends from the outside of the housing 108. This fitting is in turn via the line 140, which is also a check valve 142

-Vf-

at junction J2 with the oxygen supply line 136 connected. The purpose of the check valves 134 and 142 is to prevent back flow through both the Oxygen generator or valve 138 to prevent.

The two-position valve 128 has nine openings. These are at P11, P12, P13, P21, P22, P23, P31, P32 and P33 shown. When the control slide 129 of the valve 128 is in its normal position shown in FIG. 1, the openings are P12 and P13, P22 and P23 and P32 and P33 connected. The openings P11, P21 and P31 are blocked by the control slide. At the openings PI1, P23 and P31 si no lines are connected. This means that these openings are open to the environment. When moving the valve to its second Position becomes the opening P12 with the opening P11 and thus connected to the environment, the opening P21 is connected to the opening P22 and the opening P32 correspond to the opening P31 and thus also connected to the environment. The openings P13, P23 and P33 are blocked internally, although the opening is opposite to P23 is open to the environment.

When the pump 122 is considered in greater detail, it can be seen that this pump is a venturi pump which, according to the Dar position contains a hollow structure 144 in which a Venturi tube 146 is arranged. Flow above the venturi 146, a nozzle opening 148 is arranged, leading from the suction section 150 the pump is surrounded. Flow below the Ven turirohres is the outlet section 152 of the pump. The outlet section includes a check valve 154 and a Flow control valve 156. The purpose of the check valve 154 is to avoid backflow through the pump. The purpose of the control valve 156 is to control the strength of the Adjust the flow through the pump. Finally, the pump also contains a number of openings P1-P2. Different Lines are connected to the various openings, such as, for example, the outlet line 130 to the opening PI.

The ambient air filter 120 is schematic in the drawing shown. It can be a canister or a cartridge, the activated charcoal and / or other components that can filter harmful components out of the air. In a typical case such Filter has an outlet that can be screwed into an opening or otherwise attached to this. In the present In this case, this is the housing opening P4 of the pump. In addition, the filter has an inlet 160 that is in one is typically provided with a check valve 162 which prevents backflow through the filter. The filter is mounted in the housing so that its inlet 160, 162 lies against a perforated wall in the housing so that when applied a suction pressure at the outlet 158, ambient air is drawn into the filter.

There is also a line system provided for the energy supply 118, the memory 124, 126, the valve 128 and the pump 122 connects to one another. To this end, a first supply line 164 from the junction J1 to the opening P3 on the valve 128 and from the opening P12 to the opening P2 on the pump 122, the opening P2 in turn being arranged above the nozzle opening 148 in the flow direction. That that is, the first supply line 164 connects the power supply 118 to the pump 122 when the valve is closed 128 is in the position shown. When valve 128 is in its other position, one is running second supply line 166 from junction J1 through opening P21 in valve 128 and then from the opening P22 to memory and ends at junction J3. So you can see that the second supply line is the Energy supply 118 is connected to the memory 124, 126. A Check valve 168 is located in line 166 and prevents a flow from accumulator 124 through line 166 to the opening P22. When the valve 128 is in the position shown, a third supply line 170 goes from the accumulator and exactly from junction J3 and runs '10

to opening P33 of valve 128 and then from opening P32 to the opening P3 of the pump 122, the opening P3 in turn is operatively connected to the suction section 150. A pressure control valve can be in the third supply line. It regulates the discharge pressure of the accumulator, so that that of the accumulator the pressure supplied to the pump cannot exceed a certain value. In addition, a relief valve can also be used connected to the memory via junction J3. This ensures that the store does not have oxygen saves beyond secure printing.

As can be seen, the two position valve 128 blocks the second supply line 166 when the control slide 129 is in its first position. When the spool is moved to its second position is, the valve then blocks the first and third supply lines 164 and 170, respectively. It should be noted that the "spool is normally urged into its first position by a spring, but in one over a first predetermined level lying control line pressure is displaceable in its second position. After achieving this the first predetermined level, the control slide is pushed back into its first position when the control line pressure

~ "falls below a second predetermined level, the second predetermined level being below the first predetermined level. For this purpose, the control slide has an extension 176. This in turn has two spaced apart annular grooves, which are shown schematically by the V-shaped notches A spring loaded stop assembly 180 can be received in either of two grooves 178. Assuming that the spring force of spring 182 is the equivalent of 1.75 kg / cm ² and further assuming that a force is accordingly the equivalent of 0.75 kg / cm ² must be applied to move the stop 180 out of the groove 178, it can be seen that a force of 1.75 + 0.75 must be applied in the direction indicated by the arrow, to move the valve to the second position

. «21 * ·

to move. It is therefore necessary to exert a force at a first predetermined level via the control line 186, this level being equal to the sum of the spring force 182 and the force required to raise the stop 180. Similarly, the pressure in line 186 must be less to move the valve from its second to its first position as a second predetermined pressure level, this being equal to the pressure of the spring 182 minus the pressure of the Lifting the stop 180 out of the groove 178 is the required force. The control line 186 coming from the junction J4 in line 164 to valve 128 is part of a primary controller. With the control line are first and second time delay assemblies 188 and connected, respectively. A volume chamber is any time delay arrangement assigned. As shown in the drawing, a common volume chamber 192 may be used. The function of the first time delay 188 is to ensure that the pressure in control line 186 is between the Time delay device and valve 128 slowly builds up until it reaches the first predetermined pressure level. the The time required for this can be reduced by changing the adjustable constriction provided in the time delay arrangement change. Similarly, the time delay device 190 re-adjusts the length of time it takes the pressure to atmosphere in the control line 186 between the valve 128 and the time delay arrangement 190 derive when the valve 128 is in its second Position. The operation of the primary control arrangement is discussed in somewhat greater detail below.

While the primary control unit takes care of the timed inhalation and exhalation cycles determined once the energy supply is switched on, an override of the primary control device be desirable for the patient. Override devices are provided for the patient for this purpose. These include a 10 shown generally at 194

- te "-

Drain valve and a switching valve assembly shown generally at 196. The valve 196 is a three-position, three-directional opening control valve with openings P8, P9 and P1O. A pressure line 198 runs from the junction J5 in the oxygen supply line 136 to the opening P8 and also from the opening P9 to the connection point J6 in the control line 186. In addition, the valve 196 a control line 200 and a sensor mechanism are provided. The control line runs from the opening P5, the flow below of the check valve 154 is arranged in the pump 122, to the sensor mechanism 202. Another control

Line 204 runs from the opening P10 of the valve arrangement 196 to drain valve 194. This line is provided with a vent 206. Usually the switching valve 196 pressed by a spring into the centered position shown. If a decrease in the pressure in the delivery section of the pump is measured by the sensor 202 via the control line 200 is, the valve 196 is shifted to the left and brings the energy supply 118 with the control line 204 in connection. Similarly, the sensor mechanism 202 pushes when it detects an increase in pressure in the delivery section of the pump via the control line 200 establishes the valve in its right position and thus releases the line 198 and brings the oxygen

_ supply line 136 via line 198 to the control line 186 in connection.

The blower / resuscitation device described above further includes a positive and exhalation pressure (PEEP) valve assembly shown generally at 208. Since such valve assemblies are well known in the art, they are not described here. It is merely pointed out that it is connected to the delivery section of the pump on both sides of the check valve 154 via a delivery line 210, the delivery line 210 running from the opening P6 to the valve arrangement 208. The connection is also made via a control line 212 running from the opening P7 to the valve arrangement 208.
79/10

The mask assembly also includes one shown generally at 214 Pressure-compensated combined inhalation / exhalation valve open. These valves are also well known in the professional world, and usually they are mounted directly on the mask to be worn by a patient. The inlet side of the Valve 214 is directly connected to outlet line 130.

The unit shown in Fig. 3 operates in the following way: To start the unit, the chemical oxygen generator is ignited. In a typical case, this is done by pulling a rip cord that operates a firing pin mechanism. After the chemical oxygen generator 132 starts to operate, it builds up the oxygen up to a pressure of 3.5 kg / cm ² . At the beginning the valves 128, 194 and 196 are in their normal position shown in this figure. The gas from oxygen generator 132 flows through line 136 and line 164 into nozzle port 148 and then through venturi 146. The depressurization of the oxygen as it flows through the venturi causes the pressure in the suction portion 150 of the pump to be reduced. This reduced pressure causes ambient air to be drawn in through filter 120, mixed with the oxygen in pump 122, and the oxygen-enriched air dispensed by the pump then enters mask 110 via compensated inhale-exhale valve 214 a. If, however, an exhalation cycle has preceded, the accumulator is charged up to a pressure determined by its relief valve 174, and the accumulator then also discharges through its pressure control valve 172 and the line and via the opening P3 into the suction side 150 of the pump 122 If the pressure on both sides of the PEEP valve is relatively constant, it is in the position shown and it is not released into the atmosphere. The pressure prevailing in the control line 200 for the sensor mechanism 202 is at the pump discharge pressure and is not sufficient for the sensor 202 to be the valve 196 off-'10

moved away from a centered position. Oxygen also flows from junction J4 through control line 186 past time delay 190 and is forced through the variable constriction in time delay 188 and slowly increases the pressure in volume chamber 192 and also slowly increases the pressure in control line 186. When the If the pressure in this control line 186 exceeds a first predetermined value, for example 2.5 kg / cm ² , the valve 128 is shifted into its second position. The constriction in the time delay 188 is set in such a way that it normally takes about two seconds to reach the switchover pressure. By changing the constriction in the time delay 188, this time can be changed. During this time, any pressure prevailing in the control line 204 is given through the opening 206 to the drain valve. The cycle just described can be described as a time-specific inhalation cycle.

During the timed exhalation cycle, the control slide in valve 128 is in its second position. Immediately after switching the valve, the oxygen generator flows through line 166 into the reservoir. The relief valve 174 is set to preferably 0.14 kg / cm ² and prevents too much pressure from being available in the circuit when the accumulator feeds the venturi in an unrestricted circuit (no pressure drop). If the opening P33 is now blocked, the discharge from the storage tank is blocked by the slide. At this point, line 164 extending from port P12 to port P2 is placed in communication with atmosphere through port P11, reducing the pressure in the downstream portion of line 164 as well as line 186 between time delay 190 and junction J4 falls off. The delivery side of the pump is kept at the pressure that is determined by the PEEP valve, since the PEEP valve is located in the PEEP valve 79/10 in accordance with the pressure prevailing above the check valve 154 and the variable spring 218

- ar -

certain value can freely discharge through its variable constriction 216. It should be noted that in the event of a rapid drop in the pressure in the delivery section of the pump below the value determined during the inhalation cycle, the compensated exhalation valve 214 can now be relieved to the environment. In the meantime, the pressure prevailing in the control line 200 is no longer sufficient to cause the sensor 202 to move the valve 196 out of its centered position. Therefore, the drain valve 194 is held in the position shown. This enables the pressure prevailing in the control line 186 and the volume chamber 192 to be released slowly via the time delay 190. By changing the size of the opening in the time delay 190, a timed exhalation cycle of approximately four seconds or any desired duration can be achieved. When the pressure in the volume ^{chamber 192 drops to approximately 1 kg / cm 2,} the spring 182 acting on the slide of the valve 128 pushes it back into the position shown.

If a patient tries to overdrive by exhaling during a timed inhalation cycle, you can the gases supplied to the discharge end 152 of the pump 122 will not be discharged because the valve 214 in the pressure compensated The inhalation / exhalation valve is closed. This causes pressure to build up in the control line 200 up to the sensor 202 and so that the valve 196 is shifted to stop the delivery of the oxygen generator 132 via line 198 which runs from junction J5 to junction J6, directly to bring with the volume chamber 192 in communication. This increases the pressure in the volume chamber 192 and the control line 186 quickly up to a pressure which is sufficient to move the slide 129 in the valve 128 into its second position. After the control slide 129 has been moved into its second position, the gases in the line 164 can between the opening P12 and the opening P3 through the valve 128 and are released through the opening P11 into the environment, so that the pressure in line 164 drops to ambient pressure. At 10

a drop in pressure in the pump on the upstream Side of the check valve 154 enables the PEEP valve, that the pressure in the discharge chamber 152 on the downstream Side of the check valve is released to the environment, so that the prevailing in the control line 200 to the sensor 202 Pressure drops and allows switching valve 196 to be returned to its normal position. At this point you can the volume chamber will now begin its discharge as during a normal timed exhalation cycle.

Finally, if a patient tries to overdrive by inhaling in a timed exhalation cycle, the discharge portion 152 of the pump 122 drops below the atmosphere. This in turn causes sensor 202 to open the valve shifts to the left and thus the control line 204 to the drain valve via line 198 with the pressurized Oxygen is connected. This now causes the drain valve to be shifted to its other position. This becomes the Pressure in the control line 186 between the drain valve and the two-position valve 128 released into the atmosphere, so that the control slide 129 in the valve 128 is switched to the other position and thus a timed inhalation cycle is triggered. When such a cycle is resumed, the pressure on the discharge side 152 of the pump 122 builds up. This then allows the valve 196 to return to its normal centered position. The pressure in line 204 becomes Discharged through the constriction 206 to the environment and thus enables a return of the valve 194 to its shown normal position.

Although various control devices are arranged in the housing as shown, it is clear that these controls, like the PEEP pressure control device 218 and the manual override 222 for the drain valve 194, could also be arranged outside the housing 108.

. · 30 .; - blank page -

Claims (22)

Applicant: Figgie International Inc. Claims | SUBSEQUENT 1. Self-contained, portable, single patient blower / resuscitation device that can be used without regard to a normal Mode while operating a power supply can work to provide filtered air and oxygen during a Cyclically pushing the inhalation cycle into a patient's breathing space and then exhaling during an exhalation cycle of the patient's breathing space, characterized by the following features: a power supply in the form of a chemical oxygen generator of the type that is in operation Delivers oxygen over a period of time at a pressure sufficient to deliver oxygen to a patient's lungs ^r ~ "th to press; a filter that can filter out toxic and harmful components from the ambient air, this filter a filter inlet open to the ambient air and has a filter outlet; a pump that is driven by the energy supply and takes in oxygen from it, the pump has a suction portion operatively connected to the filter outlet and a discharge portion, the The pump when operated when powered by the power supply causes ambient air to be drawn in through the filter and is forced into the pump through the suction portion, and the filtered air in the pump with the oxygen is mixed and the filtered air and the oxygen ^: · * ^: "3Α 36693 dispensed through the dispensing section; a memory for receiving oxygen from the chemical oxygen generator during an exhalation cycle and which also supplies the oxygen made available by the chemical oxygen generator during an inhalation cycle; an outlet tube which has one end portion connected to the discharge portion the pump is connectable and has another end portion connectable to a patient; a two-position means for directing the flow, operative with the pump and the Memory is connected and supplies oxygen to a patient in a first mode and in a second mode of operation Supplies oxygen to the storage tank; a control device that is normally operated with the oxygen given off by the generator and during the operation of the energy supply means for aligning the flow for a first limited period of time switches to the first operating mode during an inhalation cycle or for a second limited period of time switches to the second operating mode during an exhalation cycle. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that it further includes a housing and the filter, the power supply, the pump and the control devices are all arranged in the housing. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes a mask and a head strap and the other end of the Outlet tube is connected to the mask. 4. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the pump contains a nozzle opening through which the pressurized Oxygen is released, a venturi upstream below the nozzle opening and the suction section upstream of the Venturi tube is arranged, and the discharge section arranged below the flow of the Venturi tube is. 5. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the chemical Oxygen generator is a chlorate candle. 6. "Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the Control device contains a pressure measurement control device which is capable of having the two positions and the flow directing device is switched to its first mode of operation when a patient has a Inhalation begins, and is switched to its second mode of operation when the pressure applied to the patient exceeds a set pressure. 7. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for aligning the flow is arranged downstream of the pump. 8. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for aligning the flow is arranged upstream of the pump. 9. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the control device contains two displaceable valves, wherein one valve is displaced during an exhalation effort by the patient and the other valve is displaced during an inhalation effort will. 10. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the Control device further contains a pneumatic flip-flop, the input of which is connected to the oxygen source is. 11. Self-contained, portable, single patient blower / resuscitation device that can be used without regard to a normal Work mode during operation of a power supply · 3Α36693 ten to cyclically add filtered air and oxygen to a patient's breathing space during an inhalation cycle Press and then during an exhalation cycle allows the patient to exhale, indicated by the following characteristics: a power supply in the form of a chemical oxygen generator of the type that is in operation Releases oxygen over a period of time at a pressure sufficient to keep oxygen in a patient's lungs to press; a filter that can filter out toxic and harmful components from the ambient air, this filter has a filter inlet open to the ambient air and a filter outlet; a pump having a suction section operatively connected to the filter outlet and a discharge section, the pump in operation when driven by the oxygen generator causes ambient air to pass through the filter and into the pump is drawn through the suction section, the filtered air being mixed with the oxygen in the pump and the filtered air and oxygen are discharged through the discharge portion; a reservoir for absorbing oxygen from the chemical oxygen generator during exhalation and also for delivering stored oxygen to the pump during inhalation; a line that runs between the oxygen generator, the Pump and the memory runs; a two position valve operatively connected to the conduit and in a first position can prevent the flow of oxygen from the oxygen generator into the reservoir, and in a second position prevent the flow of oxygen from the oxygen generator into the pump; primary control devices that normally operate on the oxygen provided by the generator, and during operation by the energy supply the die / 10 both position valve either for a first limited period of time during an inhalation cycle in the first position or in the second for a second limited period of time during an exhalation cycle Move position; and an outlet tube which has one end portion connected to the discharge portion is connected to the pump and is connectable to a patient at another end portion. 12. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the pump has a check valve in the delivery section, the check valve prevents backflow through the pump, and further characterized by the arrangement of a positive exhalation pressure (PEEP) valve, with a section of the PEEP valve connected to the delivery section of the pump is connected downstream of the check valve and another section is connected to the pump upstream of the Check valve is connected. 13. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a housing, the power supply, a filter, a Pump, accumulator, conduit, two position valve and primary controller includes and all parts are arranged in the housing. 14. Apparatus according to claim 13, further characterized by the arrangement a pressure-compensated combination inhalation / exhalation valve arrangement, which is assigned to the mask outside the housing. 15. Apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the line contains first, second and third supply lines, the first supply line runs from the power supply to the pump, the second supply line from the energy supply runs to the memory, the third supply line runs from the memory to the pump, and wherein the valve having the two positions with the is connected to the first, the second and the third supply line and in the first position the second supply line can block, and in addition, if it is in the second position, the first and the third Can block supply line. 16. Apparatus according to claim 15, further characterized by the arrangement a control line that runs from the valve to the first supply line below the valve, and wherein the dual position valve is normally spring urged to a first position is, but in accordance with the control line pressure above a first predetermined value in a second position is movable. 17. Apparatus according to claim 16, further characterized by the arrangement a first time delay arrangement in the control line that operates to shift the two To prevent positions having valve from its first position to the second position until after one predetermined period of time after the pressure of the first supply line reaches the first predetermined value Has. 18. Apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that the valve having the two positions by spring force its second can only be moved to its first position after the control line pressure has fallen below a second predetermined value has fallen, and the second predetermined value is below the first predetermined value. 19. Apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that the first and the second time delay arrangement are arranged in the control line and operate to effect the switching of the valve having the two positions from one position to the other for a given one Delay period after the first supply line a specified pressure value has been reached. 20. Apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the the two positions having valve between its first and its second position in response to changes in pressure is displaceable in the first supply line downstream of the valve, and is further characterized by the arrangement of a first and a second time delay arrangement in the control line which prevent this valve shifts its positions until after predetermined variable time periods. 21. Apparatus according to claim 20, further characterized by the arrangement of control devices for the patient between the power supply, the delivery section of the The pump and the control line run in accordance with an increase in the pressure in the delivery section of the pump take effect as a result of the patient's exhalation, so that the valve switches essentially from its first to its second position. 22. Apparatus according to claim 21, further characterized by the arrangement a drain valve in the control line, this drain valve fluid in the control line in can divert the atmosphere, and wherein the override device of the patient also extends to the drain valve, and the override device of the patient continues can cause the drain valve in accordance with a negative pressure in the discharge section of the pump due to finer Inhalation effort of the patient is shifted into his discharge position, whereby the two positions having Valve is moved to its first position.