DE3924034A1 - Chemical warfare protection - by undergarment replacing over garment and made of absorber pellet layer between skin friendly cotton - Google Patents

Chemical warfare protection - by undergarment replacing over garment and made of absorber pellet layer between skin friendly cotton

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Publication number
DE3924034A1
DE3924034A1 DE19893924034 DE3924034A DE3924034A1 DE 3924034 A1 DE3924034 A1 DE 3924034A1 DE 19893924034 DE19893924034 DE 19893924034 DE 3924034 A DE3924034 A DE 3924034A DE 3924034 A1 DE3924034 A1 DE 3924034A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
protective material
material according
adsorbers
undergarment
protection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE19893924034
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Ernest De Dr Ruiter
Hasso Von Bluecher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE8916256U priority Critical patent/DE8916256U1/en
Priority to DE19893924034 priority patent/DE3924034A1/en
Publication of DE3924034A1 publication Critical patent/DE3924034A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B17/00—Protective clothing affording protection against heat or harmful chemical agents or for use at high altitudes
    • A62B17/006—Protective clothing affording protection against heat or harmful chemical agents or for use at high altitudes against contamination from chemicals, toxic or hostile environments; ABC suits
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D5/00—Composition of materials for coverings or clothing affording protection against harmful chemical agents

Abstract

A protective material for chemical poison gas has been devised for protection in case of an unexpected attack, to replace the garment over the uniform which takes some time to put on. This material replaces the underwear and consists of two skin-friendly textile layers (cotton) between which an adsorber of activated carbon is located, e.g. pellets fixed by a PU adhesive. This layer is produced from polymer materials by carbonisation and activation; these are not affected by perspiration and are wear resistant. ADVANTAGE - This can be worn permanently and is washable.

Description

Zum Schutz gegen chemische Gifte werden allgemein Schutzanzüge, welche über der Kleidung getragen werden, verwendet. Sofern es sich um Einsätze während relativ kurzer Zeit handelt, wie es z. B. bei Chemieunfällen der Fall ist, werden gerne völlig undurch­ lässige Schutzanzüge angewandt. Sie bieten zwar hohe Sicherheit, bedeuten aber auch für den Träger eine hohe physiologische Bela­ stung, da keine Körperfeuchtigkeit nach außen abgegeben werden kann.To protect against chemical poisons, protective suits are generally which are worn over clothing. Unless it is are assignments for a relatively short period of time, such as e.g. B. is the case in chemical accidents, like to be completely impermeable casual protective suits applied. They offer high security, but also mean a high physiological Bela for the wearer since no body moisture is released to the outside can.

Handelt es sich hingegen um zeitlich nicht begrenzbare Einsätze, wie es z. B. bei einer Bedrohung durch chemische Kampfstoffe der Fall ist, und soll dabei gleichzeitig die unvermeidliche physiolo­ gische Belastung so niedrig wie möglich gehalten werden, um die Handlungsfähigkeit des Trägers nicht zu stark einzuschränken, kommen permeable luftdurchlässige Schutzanzüge zur Anwendung, bei denen Körperfeuchtigkeit nach außen entweichen kann und somit die wirksamste Kühlung des Körpers, nämlich die Verdunstung von Schweiß, nicht wie beim undurchlässigen Schutzanzug unterbunden wird. Ein Aktivkohlefilter verhindert das Eindringen von chemi­ schen Kampfstoffen.If, on the other hand, the missions are not limited in time, how it z. B. at a threat from chemical warfare agents Case is, and should at the same time, the inevitable physiolo be kept as low as possible to reduce the Do not restrict the agency's capacity to act too much, permeable air permeable protective suits are used which body moisture can escape to and thus the most effective cooling of the body, namely the evaporation of Sweat, not prevented as with the impermeable protective suit becomes. An activated carbon filter prevents the ingress of chemi warfare agents.

Heute hat sich bei den NATO- sowie Ostblockstaaten bzw. sonstigen größeren Streitkräften das Prinzip des über der Uniform getrage­ nen permeablen Schutzanzugs durchgesetzt. Ein derartiges "Overgar­ ment" hat den Vorteil, daß es nach einem C-Angriff abgelegt werden kann und die sich darunter befindliche Kleidung nicht kon­ taminiert ist. Das Konzept des Overgarments hat jedoch auch eine Reihe von Nachteilen. Da das Overgarment erst bei der Stufe "C-Warnung" angelegt wird, ist bei einem Überraschungsangriff der Soldat nicht geschützt, denn selbst wenn das Overgarment griffbe­ reit vorhanden ist, bedarf das Anziehen des Schutzes einer gewis­ sen Zeit, im ungünstigsten Fall sogar der Hilfe eines Kameraden.Today, the NATO and Eastern Bloc countries and others larger armed forces the principle of being worn over the uniform permeable protective suit enforced. Such an "overgar ment "has the advantage that it is dropped after a C attack and the clothing underneath cannot is damaged. However, the concept of overgarment also has one Series of disadvantages. Because the overgarment only at the stage "C warning" is created in the event of a surprise attack  Soldier not protected, because even if the overgarment grips If you are already present, putting on the protection requires a certainty time, in the worst case even with the help of a comrade.

Man überlegte sich deshalb, ob es nicht sinnvoll wäre, den C-Schutz in den Kampfanzug zu integrieren, was in einem NATO- Staat bereits realisiert wurde. Obwohl diese Lösung Schutz gegen den Überraschungseffekt bietet, so bleibt doch die Gefahr, daß der Soldat beim Ausziehen eines kontaminierten Anzugs mit dem Kampfstoff in Berührung kommt, bestehen.It was therefore considered whether it would not make sense to Integrate C-protection into the combat suit what in a NATO State has already been realized. Although this solution protects against offers the surprise effect, there remains the danger that the soldier takes off a contaminated suit with the Weapon comes into contact.

Es war Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen permanenten Schutz zu schaffen, bei dem diese Gefahr nicht existiert. Das Prinzip des erfindungsgemäßen Schutzsystems beruht darauf, daß die Adsorptionsschicht in die Unterwäsche verlegt wurde, also ganz in Nähe der Haut, die es zu schützen gilt. Gegenüber dem klassischen Overgarment bestehen deutliche Vorteile:It was an object of the present invention to create a permanent one To create protection where this danger does not exist. The Principle of the protection system according to the invention is based on the fact that the adsorption layer was moved into the underwear, so very close to the skin that needs to be protected. Compared to the Classic overgarment has clear advantages:

  • 1. Der Schutz wird permanent getragen, so daß das Risiko der Überraschung weitgehend ausgeschaltet ist.1. The protection is worn permanently, so that the risk of Surprise is largely turned off.
  • 2. Da die Adsorptionsschicht sich in Hautnähe befindet, wird tatsächlich nur adsorbiert, was der Haut schaden würde. Kampfstoffe an und in den äußeren Lagen der Bekleidung, die beim Overgarment zum Großteil adsorbiert werden, können abdampfen, ohne die Adsorptionsschicht unnötig zu belasten.2. Since the adsorption layer is close to the skin actually only adsorbs what would damage the skin. Warfare agents on and in the outer layers of clothing, which are largely adsorbed during overgarment, can evaporate without the adsorption layer unnecessarily to charge.
  • 3. Eindringender Kampfstoff wird vor Erreichen der Adsorptions­ schicht auf seinem relativ langen Weg durch die Bekleidung verteilt und verdünnt, so daß eine örtliche Überforderung der Aktivkohle kaum auftreten kann und man mit weniger Kohle auskommt.3. Penetrating warfare agent is removed before reaching the adsorption layer on its relatively long journey through clothing distributed and diluted, so that a local overload the activated carbon can hardly occur and you can use less coal gets along.
  • 4. Beim Wechsel der kontaminierten äußeren Bekleidung bleibt der Soldat geschützt. 4. When changing the contaminated outer clothing remains the soldier protected.  
  • 5. Die erfindungsgemäße Unterwäsche ist sehr hygienisch; die normale Unterwäsche entfällt.5. The underwear according to the invention is very hygienic; the normal underwear is eliminated.

Selbstverständlich läßt sich auch ein Overgarment bzw. ein Kampf­ anzug mit integriertem C-Schutz mit der erfindungsgemäßen Unterwä­ sche (Undergarment) kombinieren. Das ist dann der bestmögliche Schutz.Of course, an overgarment or a fight is also possible suit with integrated C protection with the underwear according to the invention Combine (undergarment). That is the best possible Protection.

Um als Unterwäsche einsetzbar zu sein, muß das Schutzmaterial hautfreundlich, angenehm zu tragen und waschbar sein. Des weite­ ren dürfen seine adsorptiven Eigenschaften durch Schweiß und son­ stige Ausdünstungen nicht oder kaum beeinträchtigt werden und auf jeden Fall nach der Wäsche wieder in vollem Ausmaß wiederherge­ stellt sein. Die Adsorber selbst und deren Verankerung zum Textil müssen der mechanischen Beanspruchung, wie sie durch das ständige Tragen und wiederholtes Waschen bedingt ist, gewachsen sein. Es wurde gefunden, daß diese Anforderungen durch folgende Konstruk­ tion erfüllt werden:In order to be used as underwear, the protective material must be skin-friendly, comfortable to wear and washable. The far Its adsorptive properties may be caused by sweat and so on other vapors are not or hardly affected and on in any case after washing again to the full extent poses. The adsorbers themselves and their anchoring to the textile must be subjected to the mechanical stresses caused by the constant Wear and repeated washing is necessary to be able to grow. It it was found that these requirements are met by the following construct tion:

  • 1. eine hautfreundliche Maschenware, bevorzugt aus Baumwolle, in den Gewichtsklassen von ca. 50-150 g/m2;1. a skin-friendly knitted fabric, preferably made of cotton, in the weight classes of approx. 50-150 g / m 2 ;
  • 2. eine darauf diskontinuierlich applizierte Kleberschicht, die bevorzugt in Häufchen aufgedruckt wird und nach An­ bringen der Adsorber vernetzt wird;2. an adhesive layer applied discontinuously thereon, which is preferably printed in piles and according to An bring the adsorber is networked;
  • 3. spezielle, besonders abriebfeste und gegen Schweiß un­ empfindliche Adsorber, die an den Kleberhäufchen zum Haften gebracht werden;3. special, particularly abrasion-resistant and against sweat sensitive adsorbers that stick to the adhesive piles to be brought;
  • 4. eine Abdeckung ähnlich 1., die mittels eines Schmelzkleber­ webs oder gleichwertiges Mittel auf die Adsorberschicht aufkaschiert ist.4. a cover similar to 1. which is made using a hot melt adhesive webs or equivalent on the adsorbent layer is laminated.

Für die Haftmasse können beispielsweise sogenannte "High Solids"® der Bayer AG eingesetzt werden. Diese hochviskosen Produkte garan­ tieren die beim Bestreuen mit Adsorbern erforderliche Anfangshaf­ tung, durchlaufen ein Viskositätsminimum und werden schließlich in ein sehr hydrolysefestes Polyurethan umgesetzt. Das Viskosi­ tätsminimum fördert die Benetzung von Trägermaterial und Adsorber­ teilchen, was zu einer hohen Endhaftung sowie zur Ausbildung einer Art von Tragesockel führt, der seinerseits die Zugänglich­ keit der Adsorber fördert. Schließlich trägt die den Polyuretha­ nen eigene Elastizität ebenfalls zur Haftung bei.For example, so-called "High Solids" ® can be used for the adhesive Bayer AG are used. These highly viscous products are guaranteed animals that are required for sprinkling with adsorbers tion, go through a viscosity minimum and finally implemented in a very hydrolysis-resistant polyurethane. The viscose The minimum promotes the wetting of the carrier material and adsorber particles, resulting in high final liability as well as training a kind of support base, which in turn leads to the accessible promoting the adsorber. After all, it carries the polyurethane own elasticity also contributes to liability.

Als Adsorberteilchen werden kugelförmige Adsorber mit Durchmesser von 0,2-0,6 mm und einer inneren Oberfläche von mehr als 600 m2/g bevorzugt. So können beispielsweise Aktivkohlekügelchen auf Pechbasis, welche durch Nachbehandlungen eine besonders harte, abriebfeste Außenschicht und eine hydrophobe innere Ober­ fläche besitzen (Patentanmeldung DE 38 01 457.2), aber auch Adsor­ berkügelchen, wie sie durch Karbonisieren und Aktivieren von Kü­ gelchen aus Polymerisaten von Styrol und Divinylbenzol erhalten werden, eingesetzt werden. Diese Beispiele sind jedoch nicht als Einschränkung zu betrachten.Spherical adsorbers with a diameter of 0.2-0.6 mm and an inner surface area of more than 600 m 2 / g are preferred as adsorber particles. Pitch-based activated carbon beads, for example, which have a particularly hard, abrasion-resistant outer layer and a hydrophobic inner surface as a result of aftertreatments (patent application DE 38 01 457.2), but also adsorber beads such as those obtained by carbonizing and activating beads from polymers of styrene and Divinylbenzene obtained can be used. However, these examples are not to be considered as limitations.

Claims (9)

1. Schutzmaterial gegen chemische Gifte, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es als Unterwäsche getragen werden kann und aus zwei haut­ freundlichen textilen Lagen, zwischen welchen Adsorber einge­ lagert sind, besteht.1. Protective material against chemical poisons, characterized in that it can be worn as underwear and consists of two skin-friendly textile layers, between which adsorbers are stored. 2. Schutzmaterial nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es waschbar ist.2. Protective material according to claim 1, characterized in that it is washable. 3. Schutzmaterial nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Adsorber durch eine diskontinuierlich aufgetragene Haftmasse festgehalten werden.3. Protective material according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the adsorber is applied by a discontinuous Adhesive mass are held. 4. Schutzmaterial nach Anspruch 1, 2 und 3, dadurch gekennzeich­ net, daß die Haftmasse während der Trocknung ein Viskositäts­ minimum durchläuft.4. Protective material according to claim 1, 2 and 3, characterized net that the adhesive mass has a viscosity during drying minimum passes through. 5. Schutzmaterial nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Adsorber aus Aktiv­ kohle bestehen.5. Protective material according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the adsorbers from active coal exist. 6. Schutzmaterial nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Adsorber aus poly­ meren Stoffen, welche karbonisiert und aktiviert sind, be­ stehen.6. Protective material according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the adsorbers made of poly other substances, which are carbonized and activated, be stand. 7. Schutzmaterial nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Adsorber abrieb­ fest sind und eine hydrophobe innere Oberfläche besitzen, die mindestens 600 m2/g beträgt. 7. Protective material according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adsorbers are abrasion-resistant and have a hydrophobic inner surface which is at least 600 m 2 / g. 8. Schutzmaterial nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Adsorber kugelför­ mig sind.8. Protective material according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the adsorbers are spherical mig. 9. Schutzmaterial nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Adsorber weitge­ hend gegen Schweiß unempfindlich sind und Schweißrückstände durch einfaches Waschen entfernt werden können.9. Protective material according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the adsorber widely are insensitive to sweat and sweat residues can be removed by simple washing.
DE19893924034 1989-07-21 1989-07-21 Chemical warfare protection - by undergarment replacing over garment and made of absorber pellet layer between skin friendly cotton Ceased DE3924034A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8916256U DE8916256U1 (en) 1989-07-21 1989-07-21 Underwear to protect against chemical poisons
DE19893924034 DE3924034A1 (en) 1989-07-21 1989-07-21 Chemical warfare protection - by undergarment replacing over garment and made of absorber pellet layer between skin friendly cotton

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19893924034 DE3924034A1 (en) 1989-07-21 1989-07-21 Chemical warfare protection - by undergarment replacing over garment and made of absorber pellet layer between skin friendly cotton

Publications (1)

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DE3924034A1 true DE3924034A1 (en) 1991-01-24

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DE8916256U Expired - Lifetime DE8916256U1 (en) 1989-07-21 1989-07-21 Underwear to protect against chemical poisons
DE19893924034 Ceased DE3924034A1 (en) 1989-07-21 1989-07-21 Chemical warfare protection - by undergarment replacing over garment and made of absorber pellet layer between skin friendly cotton

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DE8916256U Expired - Lifetime DE8916256U1 (en) 1989-07-21 1989-07-21 Underwear to protect against chemical poisons

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4310110A1 (en) * 1992-07-07 1994-01-13 Kaercher Gmbh & Co Alfred Multi-layer, textile, gas-permeable filter material against chemical pollutants
DE19634114A1 (en) * 1996-08-23 1998-02-26 Bluecher Gmbh Clean room clothing preventing emission of harmful gas and particles from body of wearer
DE4206443C2 (en) * 1992-02-29 1998-12-24 Sandler Helmut Helsa Werke Flexible sheet material with active particles, process for its production and use
WO1999006136A1 (en) * 1997-07-31 1999-02-11 Calgon Carbon Corporation Garment with absorbing features, for use in a cleanroom
DE10102096A1 (en) * 2001-01-18 2002-07-25 Bluecher Gmbh Odor-binding occupational clothing has outer textile layer and adsorbents fixed to layer
WO2004073798A1 (en) 2003-02-24 2004-09-02 Forsvarets Forskningsinstitutt Protective garment
WO2005115549A1 (en) * 2004-05-27 2005-12-08 Remploy Limited A protective suit
US8069496B2 (en) 1991-11-25 2011-12-06 Als Enterprises, Inc. Odor absorbing article of clothing
US9522207B1 (en) 2011-12-01 2016-12-20 Scentlok Technologies, Inc. Systems and methods for controlling odor
US9579626B1 (en) 2011-12-01 2017-02-28 Scentlok Technologies, Inc. Systems and methods for controlling odor

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1173143A (en) * 1965-09-20 1969-12-03 Secr Defence Improvements in Protective Clothing
DE2951827A1 (en) * 1979-12-21 1981-07-02 Hasso Von Bluecher PROTECTIVE MATERIAL AGAINST CHEMICAL POLLUTANTS AND SHORT-TIME HEAT EFFECT AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
DE3211322A1 (en) * 1982-03-27 1983-09-29 Hasso von 4000 Düsseldorf Blücher AREA FILTER AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
DE3304349A1 (en) * 1983-02-09 1984-08-09 Hasso von 4000 Düsseldorf Blücher AREA FILTER
DE3244386C2 (en) * 1982-12-01 1985-08-01 Helsa-Werke Helmut Sandler GmbH & Co KG, 8586 Gefrees Textile material that absorbs moisture, in particular for the manufacture of undergarments for gas-tight protective suits
EP0260841A1 (en) * 1986-09-05 1988-03-23 THE STATE of ISRAEL Atomic Energy Commission Soreq Nuclear Research Center Protective composite materials, their production and articles of protective clothing made therefrom
EP0180671B1 (en) * 1981-07-07 1988-09-28 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Protective clothing
GB2207390A (en) * 1987-06-22 1989-02-01 Charcoal Cloth Ltd Protective clothing

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1173143A (en) * 1965-09-20 1969-12-03 Secr Defence Improvements in Protective Clothing
DE2951827A1 (en) * 1979-12-21 1981-07-02 Hasso Von Bluecher PROTECTIVE MATERIAL AGAINST CHEMICAL POLLUTANTS AND SHORT-TIME HEAT EFFECT AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
EP0180671B1 (en) * 1981-07-07 1988-09-28 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Protective clothing
DE3211322A1 (en) * 1982-03-27 1983-09-29 Hasso von 4000 Düsseldorf Blücher AREA FILTER AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
DE3244386C2 (en) * 1982-12-01 1985-08-01 Helsa-Werke Helmut Sandler GmbH & Co KG, 8586 Gefrees Textile material that absorbs moisture, in particular for the manufacture of undergarments for gas-tight protective suits
DE3304349A1 (en) * 1983-02-09 1984-08-09 Hasso von 4000 Düsseldorf Blücher AREA FILTER
EP0260841A1 (en) * 1986-09-05 1988-03-23 THE STATE of ISRAEL Atomic Energy Commission Soreq Nuclear Research Center Protective composite materials, their production and articles of protective clothing made therefrom
GB2207390A (en) * 1987-06-22 1989-02-01 Charcoal Cloth Ltd Protective clothing

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8069496B2 (en) 1991-11-25 2011-12-06 Als Enterprises, Inc. Odor absorbing article of clothing
DE4206443C2 (en) * 1992-02-29 1998-12-24 Sandler Helmut Helsa Werke Flexible sheet material with active particles, process for its production and use
DE4310110A1 (en) * 1992-07-07 1994-01-13 Kaercher Gmbh & Co Alfred Multi-layer, textile, gas-permeable filter material against chemical pollutants
DE19634114A1 (en) * 1996-08-23 1998-02-26 Bluecher Gmbh Clean room clothing preventing emission of harmful gas and particles from body of wearer
WO1999006136A1 (en) * 1997-07-31 1999-02-11 Calgon Carbon Corporation Garment with absorbing features, for use in a cleanroom
DE10102096A1 (en) * 2001-01-18 2002-07-25 Bluecher Gmbh Odor-binding occupational clothing has outer textile layer and adsorbents fixed to layer
WO2004073798A1 (en) 2003-02-24 2004-09-02 Forsvarets Forskningsinstitutt Protective garment
WO2005115549A1 (en) * 2004-05-27 2005-12-08 Remploy Limited A protective suit
US9522207B1 (en) 2011-12-01 2016-12-20 Scentlok Technologies, Inc. Systems and methods for controlling odor
US9579626B1 (en) 2011-12-01 2017-02-28 Scentlok Technologies, Inc. Systems and methods for controlling odor
US10034506B1 (en) 2011-12-01 2018-07-31 Scentlok Technologies, Inc. Systems for controlling odor
US10034505B1 (en) 2011-12-01 2018-07-31 Scentlok Technologies, Inc. Systems for controlling odor
US10624401B1 (en) 2011-12-01 2020-04-21 Scentlok Technologies, Inc. Systems for controlling odor
US11452318B2 (en) 2011-12-01 2022-09-27 Scentlok Technologies, Inc. Systems for controlling odor

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