DE4002062A1 - FRP laminates for protective covers etc. - has FRP layers interleaved with thermoplastic polymer, greatly reducing risk of injuries from sec. splinters - Google Patents

FRP laminates for protective covers etc. - has FRP layers interleaved with thermoplastic polymer, greatly reducing risk of injuries from sec. splinters

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Publication number
DE4002062A1
DE4002062A1 DE4002062A DE4002062A DE4002062A1 DE 4002062 A1 DE4002062 A1 DE 4002062A1 DE 4002062 A DE4002062 A DE 4002062A DE 4002062 A DE4002062 A DE 4002062A DE 4002062 A1 DE4002062 A1 DE 4002062A1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
fiber
reinforced plastic
plastic according
splinters
thermoplastics
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE4002062A
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German (de)
Inventor
Hans Guenter Stabenau
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SST SICHERHEITS und SYSTEMTECH
Original Assignee
SST SICHERHEITS und SYSTEMTECH
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Priority to DE4002062A priority Critical patent/DE4002062A1/en
Publication of DE4002062A1 publication Critical patent/DE4002062A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/04—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as impregnant, bonding, or embedding substance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B32B27/365—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters comprising polycarbonates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/16—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer formed of particles, e.g. chips, powder or granules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/005—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile
    • B32B9/007—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile comprising carbon, e.g. graphite, composite carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/045—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/047—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material made of fibres or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
    • B32B2262/0269—Aromatic polyamide fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/08—Reinforcements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2313/00—Elements other than metals
    • B32B2313/04—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2315/00—Other materials containing non-metallic inorganic compounds not provided for in groups B32B2311/00 - B32B2313/04
    • B32B2315/08—Glass
    • B32B2315/085—Glass fiber cloth or fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2369/00—Polycarbonates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2375/00—Polyureas; Polyurethanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2377/00—Polyamides

Abstract

FRP is made up of a number of layers of fibre mats, filaments, cords etc. of suitable type and properties laminated together by plastic material or resin, it has thermoplastic layers between the individual fibrous layers. These thermoplastics are preferably polyamide, polycarbonate, polyurethane, or acrylic, and the fibres concerned are carbon, aramid or glass. Pref. the product is a laminate of glass mats (16) interleaved with a thermoplastic polymer (17). When a high energy projectile (12) strikes it (18) and fractures (12a) the laminate (18) the projectile passing through produces secondary splinters which move out in a conical beam (15a). The number of the secondary splinters, however, is much smaller than that from a conventional similar laminate; moreover the area (20a) covered by them is smaller. The actual (21) number is only 5-10% of that from usual laminates. These splinters are glass particles. ADVANTAGE - The products are not complicated to produce but provide high degree of safety against secondary splinters etc. (i.e. particles which are broken off by impact with a primary object).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen faserverstärkten Kunststoff, bei dem eine Vielzahl von Fasermateriallagen, -matten, -fäden, -cords oder dgl vorbestimmbarer Art und Beschaffen­ heit mittels eines Kunststoffes oder Kunstharzes aufeinan­ der laminiert sind.The invention relates to a fiber-reinforced plastic, where a large number of fiber material layers, mats, threads, cords or the like of a predetermined type and procurement unit by means of a plastic or synthetic resin which are laminated.

Faserverstärkte Kunststoffe (GFK, AFK, CFK) werden bei­ spielsweise im Arbeitsschutz als Schutzhauben für Drehma­ schinen, Bohrwerke oder ähnliche schnellaufende Maschinen, für Fahrzeugbauteile, Kabinen und dgl. eingesetzt. Sie sol­ len Späne, ausbrechende Werkstücke oder ähnliche hohe Bewe­ gungsenergie beinhaltende Teile aufhalten oder zumindest soweit abbremsen, daß die Verletzungsgefahr für sich dahin­ ter befindende Personen vermieden oder verringert wird.Fiber reinforced plastics (GFK, AFK, CFK) are used by for example in occupational safety as protective covers for turning machines machines, boring mills or similar high-speed machines, used for vehicle components, cabins and the like. You sol len chips, breaking work pieces or similar high movements Stop parts containing energy or at least brake so far that the risk of injury is gone ter is avoided or reduced.

Nun hat sich gezeigt, daß wenn derartige faserverstärkte Kunststofformteile durchbrochen werden, das durchgebrochene Teil die sich dahinter befindenden Personen verfehlt und keine primären Verletzungen auftreten, sehr wohl eine Ver­ letzungsgefahr durch Sekundärsplitter auftritt. Sekundär­ splitter sind Teile der Faserverstärkung des an sich schüt­ zenden Bauteils, die durch den Sog des durchbrechenden Teils mitgerissen werden. Die Energie solcher mitgerissenen Teilchen ist zwar sehr gering, sie reicht jedoch aus, um in den Körper der getroffenen Person einzudringen.It has now been shown that when such fiber reinforced Plastic molded parts are broken through, the broken through Part of the people behind it are missing and no primary injuries occur, a ver risk of injury from secondary splinters occurs. Secondary Splinters are part of the fiber reinforcement of the bulk  component due to the suction of the breakthrough Some get carried away. The energy of those carried away Particle is very small, but it is enough to get in penetrate the body of the affected person.

Diese mitgerissenen Teilchen bestehen in der Regel aus fei­ nen Glassplittern der den Kunststoff verstärkenden Glas­ fasermatten. Durch die Sogwirkung entsteht ein relativ großer Streukegel dieser Glasfasersplitter, wodurch die se­ kundäre Verletzungsgefahr erheblich vergrößert wird. Pro­ blematisch ist, daß diese Glasfasersplitter röntgenologisch nicht lokalisiert werden können und die Behandlung derarti­ ger Verletzungen dadurch äußerst schwierig und langwierig ist.These entrained particles usually consist of fei glass fragments of the plastic reinforcing glass fiber mats. The suction creates a relative large scattering cone of these glass fiber splinters, which means that these customer risk of injury is significantly increased. Per is blematic that this glass fiber splinter X-ray cannot be located and the treatment is such injuries are extremely difficult and lengthy is.

In der deutschen Patentanmeldung 39 34 558 ist es deshalb bereits vorgeschlagen worden, die ausbruchseitige Oberflä­ che derartiger Bauteile mit einer elastischen Schutzschicht zu versehen. Derartige Schutzschichten können beispiels­ weise aus Gummi-PUR oder Silikon in reiner oder in abge­ mischter Form bestehen. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß dadurch die Splitterzahl auf unter 10% verringert werden kann. Durch eine Optimierung der Beschichtung und der Schicht­ dicke kann die Splitterzahl sogar auf unter 5% reduziert werden. Nachteilig dabei ist, daß diese Beschichtung in ei­ nem weiteren, nachträglichen Arbeitsgang aufgebracht werden muß. Eine derartige nachträgliche Beschichtung ist jedoch sehr arbeits- und kostenintensiv. Auch stellt eine solche nachträglich aufgebrachte Beschichtung eine zusätzliche Ge­ wichtsbelastung dar, die bis zu 30% ausmachen kann.It is therefore in German patent application 39 34 558 has already been proposed, the outbreak-side surface che such components with an elastic protective layer to provide. Such protective layers can for example wise from rubber-PUR or silicone in pure or in abge mixed form exist. It has been shown that the number of fragments can be reduced to below 10%. By optimizing the coating and the layer thickness can even reduce the number of fragments to less than 5% will. The disadvantage here is that this coating in egg nem be applied later got to. Such a subsequent coating is, however  very labor and cost intensive. Also represents one subsequently applied coating an additional Ge weight load that can make up to 30%.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, einen faserver­ stärkten Kunststoff zu schaffen, der ohne fertigungstechni­ schen Mehraufwand einen hohen Sekundärsplitterschutz auf­ weist.The object of the present invention is a fiberver to create strong plastic that without manufacturing techni high secondary splinter protection points.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe dadurch, daß die zwischen den einzelnen Fasermateriallagen vorgesehenen Kunststoffschich­ ten aus einem Thermoplast bestehen. Durch diese Maßnahme wird ein faserverstärkter Kunststoff geschaffen, der nach durchgeführter Formgebung eines frei wählbaren Bauteiles keine weitere Behandlung mehr Bedarf, um die Sekundärsplit­ terwirkung zu verringern oder zu vermeiden. Eine zusätzli­ che Gewichtsbelastung, wie sie eine nachträgliche Beschich­ tung darstellt, fällt weg, so daß derartige Bauteile ver­ gleichsweise leicht und handlich hergestellt werden können. Sondermaschinen für Beschichtung, zusätzlicher Arbeitsauf­ wand und zusätzlicher Materialaufwand werden vermieden, so daß eine Kostensenkung von ca. 25% bei einer gleichzeiti­ gen Gewichtsreduzierung von etwa 30% erreicht werden kann.This task is solved in that the between the individual layers of fiber material provided plastic layer ten consist of a thermoplastic. By this measure a fiber-reinforced plastic is created, which according to carried out shaping of a freely selectable component no further treatment needed to make the secondary split to reduce or avoid interaction. An additional che weight load, like a subsequent coating device represents, is omitted, so that such components ver equally easy and handy to manufacture. Special machines for coating, additional work wall and additional material costs are avoided, so that a cost reduction of about 25% with a simultaneous weight reduction of about 30% can be achieved.

Die Anzahl der mitgesogenen Faserplitter wird auf etwa 5 bis 10% reduziert, gleichzeitig wird der Streuwinkel etwa halbiert, so daß eine wesentlich geringere Streufläche be­ troffen ist. Insgesamt wird durch die erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen die Verletzungsgefahr durch Sekundärsplitter er­ heblich verringert.The number of fiber splinters drawn in is approximately 5 reduced to 10%, at the same time the scattering angle becomes approximately halved so that a much smaller spreading area be  is hit. Overall, the invention Measures the risk of injury from secondary splinters significantly reduced.

In Versuchen hat sich gezeigt, daß beim Durchbrechen eines mit hoher Bewegungsenergie behafteten Teilchens bei einem herkömmlichen, faserverstärkten Kunststoff mit einem Epo­ xyd- oder Polyestherharzsystem in einer Entfernung von 100 mm ein Streuwinkel von etwa 80° mit ca. 300-400 sekundä­ ren Fasersplitter hervorgerufen wird. Bei gleichen Ver­ suchen mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Thermoplast-System trat ein Streuwinkel von ca. 40° mit einer Anzahl von nur ca. 30 Fasersplittern auf. Das untersuchte faserverstärkte Kunst­ stoff-Bauteil hatte dabei eine Materialdicke von 4 mm. Bei einer entsprechend dickeren Ausführung des etwa 10 bis 15 fachen hat sich gezeigt, daß herkömmliche GFK-Bauteile mit Epoxyd- und/oder Polyestherharzsystemen glatt durchschlagen werden, während die erfindungsgemäßen Thermoplast-Systeme sich als ballistischer Schutz bewährten.Experiments have shown that breaking through a particle with high kinetic energy in one conventional, fiber-reinforced plastic with an epo xyd or polyester resin system at a distance of 100 mm a scattering angle of approximately 80 ° with approximately 300-400 secondary ren fiber splinter is caused. With the same ver search with the thermoplastic system according to the invention a scattering angle of approx. 40 ° with a number of only approx. 30 Fiber splinters. That examined fiber-reinforced art The fabric component had a material thickness of 4 mm. At a correspondingly thicker version of the approximately 10 to 15 has shown that conventional GRP components with Punch through epoxy and / or polyester resin systems until smooth be, while the thermoplastic systems according to the invention proven themselves as ballistic protection.

Weitere vorteilhafte Maßnahmen sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben. Die Erfindung ist in der beiliegenden Zeich­ nung dargestellt und wird nachfolgend näher beschrieben; es zeigtFurther advantageous measures are in the subclaims described. The invention is in the accompanying drawing shown and is described in more detail below; it shows

Fig. 1 die schematische Darstellung eines Bauteils aus herkömmlichen GFK, ohne Sekundärsplitterschutz; Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a component made of conventional GRP, without secondary splinter protection.

Fig. 2 die schematische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäß laminierten, faserverstärkten Kunststoffes, mit durch Thermoplaste miteinander verbundenen Faser­ matten; Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a fiber-reinforced plastic laminated according to the invention, with fiber mats connected to one another by thermoplastics;

Fig. 3 die schematische Darstellung des Streuwinkels eines erfindungsgemäßen, sekundärsplitterarmen GFK-Bauteils. Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of the scattering angle of a low-secondary GRP component according to the invention.

Das in den Fig. 1 und 3 dargestellte Bauteil 10 bzw 10a, beispielsweise die Fahrerkabine eines Kraftfahrzeugs, wird von einem ausbrechenden, eine hohe Geschindigkeit aufwei­ senden Teil 12, beispielsweise einem Geschoß, getroffen und durchschlagen. Bei dem in der Fig. 1 dargestellten Bauteil 10 entsteht hinter dem durchgebrochenen Teil 12a ein rela­ tiv großer Streuwinkel 15, der auf der in einem vorbestimm­ ten Abstand vorhandenen Auftrefffläche 11 eine relativ große Streufläche 20 mit einer Vielzahl von Glasfasersplit­ tern 21 bedeckt. Die Auftrefffläche 11 wird von dem durch­ gebrochenen Teil 12a in Flugrichtung 13 glatt durchgeschla­ gen, und die Innenoberfläche 14 des Bauteils 10 ist nicht mit einer elastischen Sekundärsplitterschutzschicht ver­ sehen.The component 10 or 10 a shown in FIGS . 1 and 3, for example the driver's cabin of a motor vehicle, is hit and punctured by an erupting part 12 having a high speed, for example a floor. In the example shown in FIG. 1, component 10 is formed behind the penetrated portion 12 a, a rela tively large scattering angle 15, a relatively large scattering surface 20 having a plurality of fiber optic Split tern 21 covers on the existing in a vorbestimm th distance impingement. 11 The impact surface 11 is smoothly broken through by the broken part 12 a in the direction of flight 13 , and the inner surface 14 of the component 10 is not seen with an elastic secondary splinter protection layer.

Bei dem in der Fig. 2 dargestellten Laminat 18 ist eine Vielzahl von Fasermateriallagen, beispielsweise Glasfaser­ matten 16 aufeinander geschichtet, die durch eine Kunst­ stoffschicht 17 aus einem Thermoplast als Klebematrix, bei­ spielsweise einem Polyamid, einem Polycarbonat, einem Poly­ urethan oder einem Polymethylmetacrylat mit und ohne Bei­ mischung versehen ist. Die als Pfeil dargestellte Wucht 19 des ausbrechenden Teils 12 ist relativ groß und kann ein relativ dünnes Laminat 18, wie es aus Gewichtsgründen für Land-, Luft- und Wasserfahrzeuge benutzt wird, glatt durch­ schlagen. Bei entsprechend dicker Ausführung, beispiels­ weise für Gebäude wie Shelter, Hangars, Unterstände und dgl, kann das erfindungsgemäße Laminat 18, wie dargestellt, ein Durchbrechen verhindern und als ballistischer Schutz dienen.In the laminate 18 shown in FIG. 2, a large number of fiber material layers, for example glass fiber mats 16, are layered on top of one another, which are covered by a plastic layer 17 made of a thermoplastic as an adhesive matrix, for example a polyamide, a polycarbonate, a poly urethane or a polymethyl methacrylate and is provided without mixing. The force 19, shown as an arrow, of the breaking-out part 12 is relatively large and can smoothly strike through a relatively thin laminate 18 , such as is used for weight reasons for land, air and water vehicles. With a correspondingly thick design, for example for buildings such as shelters, hangars, shelters and the like, the laminate 18 according to the invention can, as shown, prevent break-through and serve as ballistic protection.

Wie die Fig. 3 zeigt, hat das ausgebrochene Teil 12 eine genügend große Wucht 19, um das Laminat 18 des Bauteils 10a zu durchbrechen. Das durchgebrochene Teil 12a verursacht dabei zwar ebenfalls Sekundärsplitter, der Streuwinkel 15a und die Anzahl der Sekundärsplitter 21 ist jedoch wesent­ lich geringer als bei einem herkömmlichen Bauteil 10. Durch diesen verringerten Streuwinkel 15a wird auch die Streuflä­ che 20a kleiner, auf der die Sekundärsplitterwirkung durch Glassplitter 21 auftreten kann. Die Anzahl der Sekundärs­ plitter 21 beträgt dabei nur etwa 5 bis 10% der Anzahl wie bei einem herkömmlichen Bauteil 10, wie es in der Fig. 1 dargestellt ist.As shown in FIG. 3, the broken-out part 12 has a sufficiently large force 19 to break through the laminate 18 of the component 10 a. The broken part 12 a also causes secondary splinters, but the scattering angle 15 a and the number of secondary splinters 21 is significantly lower than in a conventional component 10 . Due to this reduced scattering angle 15 a, the scattering surface 20 a becomes smaller, on which the secondary splintering effect can occur through glass splinters 21 . The number of secondary fragments 21 is only about 5 to 10% of the number as in a conventional component 10 , as shown in FIG. 1.

BezugszeichenlisteReference symbol list

10 Bauteil
10a Bauteil
11 Auftreffläche
12 ausbrechendes Teil
12a durchgebrochenes Teil
13 Flugrichtung
14 Innenoberfläche
15 herkömmlicher Streuwinkel
15a Streuwinkel
16 Glasfasermatte
17 Kunststoffschicht
18 Laminat
19 Wucht
20 herkömmliche Streufläche
20a Streufläche
21 Sekundärsplitter 10 component
10 a component
11 impact surface
12 part breaking out
12 a broken part
13 Direction of flight
14 inner surface
15 conventional spreading angles
15 a scattering angle
16 glass fiber mat
17 plastic layer
18 laminate
19 force
20 conventional spreading surfaces
20 a spreading area
21 secondary splinters

Claims (12)

1. Faserverstärkter Kunststoff, bei dem eine Vielzahl von Fasermateriallagen, -matten, -fäden, -cords oder dgl. vorbe­ stimmbarer Art und Beschaffenheit mittels eines Kunststof­ fes oder Kunstharzes aufeinander laminiert sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zwischen den einzelnen Fasermate­ riallagen (16) vorgesehenen Kunststoffschichten (17) aus einem Thermoplast bestehen.1. Fiber-reinforced plastic, in which a large number of fiber material layers, mats, threads, cords or the like. Vorbe tunable type and nature are laminated together by means of a plastic or synthetic resin, characterized in that the radial layers between the individual fiber materials ( 16 ) provided plastic layers ( 17 ) consist of a thermoplastic. 2. Faserverstärkter Kunststoff nach Anspruch 1, dadurch ge­ kennzeichnet, daß die Thermoplaste Polyamid-Systeme (PA) sind. 2. Fiber reinforced plastic according to claim 1, characterized ge indicates that the thermoplastics are polyamide systems (PA) are.   3. Faserverstärkter Kunststoff nach Anspruch 1, dadurch ge­ kennzeichnet, daß die Thermoplaste Polycarbonat-Systeme (PC) sind.3. Fiber reinforced plastic according to claim 1, characterized ge indicates that the thermoplastics are polycarbonate systems (PC) are. 4. Faserverstärkter Kunststoff nach Anspruch 1, dadurch ge­ kennzeichnet, daß die Thermoplaste Polyurethan-Systeme (PUR) sind.4. Fiber reinforced plastic according to claim 1, characterized ge indicates that the thermoplastics are polyurethane systems (PUR) are. 5. Faserverstärkter Kunststoff nach Anspruch 1, dadurch ge­ kennzeichnet, daß die Thermoplaste Polymethylmethacrylat- Systeme (PMMA) sind.5. Fiber reinforced plastic according to claim 1, characterized ge indicates that the thermoplastics are polymethyl methacrylate Systems (PMMA) are. 6. Faserverstärkter Kunststoff nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Thermoplaste (17) als Film zwischen die einzelnen Fasermateriallagen (16) gelegt und diese durch Druck und Temperatur innig miteinander verbun­ den sind.6. Fiber-reinforced plastic according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the thermoplastics ( 17 ) placed as a film between the individual fiber material layers ( 16 ) and these are intimately connected to one another by pressure and temperature. 7. Faserverstärkter Kunststoff nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Thermoplaste (17) als Pul­ ver, Granulat, Paste oder in einem fließfähigen Zustand auf die Fasermateriallagen (16) aufgebracht sind.7. Fiber-reinforced plastic according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the thermoplastics ( 17 ) are applied as powder ver, granules, paste or in a flowable state to the fiber material layers ( 16 ). 8. Faserverstärkter Kunststoff nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Thermoplastsystem (17) auf das Fasermaterial (16) kalandriert ist. 8. Fiber-reinforced plastic according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the thermoplastic system ( 17 ) on the fiber material ( 16 ) is calendered. 9. Faserverstärkter Kunststoff nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Fasermaterial (16) Kohlefa­ ser (CFK) ist.9. Fiber-reinforced plastic according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the fiber material ( 16 ) is carbon fiber (CFRP). 10. Faserverstärkter Kunststoff nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Fasermaterial (16) Ara­ midfaser (AFK) ist.10. Fiber-reinforced plastic according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the fiber material ( 16 ) is ara midfiber (AFK). 11. Faserverstärkter Kunststoff nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Fasermaterial (16) Glas­ faser (GFK) ist.11. Fiber-reinforced plastic according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the fiber material ( 16 ) is glass fiber (GRP). 12. Faserverstärkter Kunststoff nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Fasermaterial (16) mit dem Thermoplast (17) zu einem Laminat (18) verklebt ist.12. Fiber-reinforced plastic according to claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the fiber material ( 16 ) with the thermoplastic ( 17 ) is glued to a laminate ( 18 ).
DE4002062A 1990-01-22 1990-01-22 FRP laminates for protective covers etc. - has FRP layers interleaved with thermoplastic polymer, greatly reducing risk of injuries from sec. splinters Ceased DE4002062A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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DE4002062A DE4002062A1 (en) 1990-01-22 1990-01-22 FRP laminates for protective covers etc. - has FRP layers interleaved with thermoplastic polymer, greatly reducing risk of injuries from sec. splinters

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4002062A DE4002062A1 (en) 1990-01-22 1990-01-22 FRP laminates for protective covers etc. - has FRP layers interleaved with thermoplastic polymer, greatly reducing risk of injuries from sec. splinters

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DE4002062A1 true DE4002062A1 (en) 1991-07-25

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WO1997018948A1 (en) * 1995-11-17 1997-05-29 Jurij Kuznetsov Layered composite polymer-fibre material
US6034009A (en) * 1996-10-09 2000-03-07 Ikeda Bussan Co., Ltd. Lining for interior and method of producing same
DE102015219107A1 (en) 2015-10-02 2017-04-06 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Body surface component for motor vehicles made of fiber composite material

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DE3535272A1 (en) * 1985-10-03 1987-04-09 Basf Ag The use of needle-punched woven or non-woven fabrics
US4678702A (en) * 1986-07-30 1987-07-07 Petro Products, Inc. Protective laminate
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US3000772A (en) * 1956-11-30 1961-09-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp Lightweight nonmetallic armor
DE8124506U1 (en) * 1981-08-21 1983-01-27 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München HOERGERAET
DE3535272A1 (en) * 1985-10-03 1987-04-09 Basf Ag The use of needle-punched woven or non-woven fabrics
US4819395A (en) * 1985-12-26 1989-04-11 Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd. Textile reinforced structural components
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DE3743243A1 (en) * 1987-12-19 1989-06-29 Akzo Gmbh Laminates

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997018948A1 (en) * 1995-11-17 1997-05-29 Jurij Kuznetsov Layered composite polymer-fibre material
US6034009A (en) * 1996-10-09 2000-03-07 Ikeda Bussan Co., Ltd. Lining for interior and method of producing same
DE102015219107A1 (en) 2015-10-02 2017-04-06 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Body surface component for motor vehicles made of fiber composite material
US11760060B2 (en) 2015-10-02 2023-09-19 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Planar body component for motor vehicles composed of fiber composite material

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