DE4208941A1 - Foot prosthesis with curved ankle part - has detachable heel part fastened to ankle part - Google Patents

Abstract

A foot prosthesis consists of a front foot part (80) which includes a toe section (82), a curved ankle section (94) and a fixing section (92) which is immediately above the ankle section (94) and extends vertically upwards. A heel part (84) is attached to the front part of the foot by a fixing section (22). The heel part (84) has an end section (28) which extends in the rearward direction and an auxiliary ankle part (28) is fastened to the curved main ankle part (94). The heel part (84) is detachably fastened to the front part of the foot to enable heel parts with different spring characteristics to be fitted. USE/ADVANTAGE - Foot prosthesis with interchangeable parts to suit the needs of the patient.

Description

The invention relates generally to prosthetic feet and be particularly hits a prosthetic foot that is covered by a unitary foot and heel construction and / or an auxiliary knee chel construction is marked, which allows the flexi bility of the prosthesis can be optionally determined and easily changed other. The invention also includes an improved clutch to attach the prosthetic foot to an auxiliary pylon tube.

There are various types of mechani in the prior art devices with which the foot prosthesis is attempted to solve the problem. To the usual older devices ge hears from Lange, US 20 75 583, which is a molded rubber piece has a usable relationship with a rigid metallic core is attached. Exemplary for the last Developments in the field is Poggi, US 46 45 509, where it is a prosthetic foot that is a monolithi longitudinal beams or beams with a relatively solid proportion NEN, which is intended to the load through the body of an amputee while walking, running, Jumping and the like. To address and the resulting saved released energy to increase the stroke and thrust of the foot witnesses that complement the amputee's natural step.

However, all known devices have considerable aftermath parts, especially the components of the prostheses, as in Lange, are too heavy and too stiff or, as with Poggi, are too mas siv and monolithic, based on nuances of voltage gradients to properly address the characteristics of the human foot are stish.

One of the main factors of genuinely generating one he  blocked the successful prosthetic foot was the fixie State of the art on the duplication of the construction aspects of the skeletal and muscle components of an actual human foot. In many cases, such as B. at Poggi, US 46 45 509, mentioned above, tries even the Duplicate the toes of the foot by imitating them ben is provided. It is this fixation on the mechani elements of the human foot, which reflect the state of the art Technology has been limited to an attempt to test the individual parts of the duplicate human foot, a tendency for which at Gajdos, US 33 35 428, finds a particular example.

U.S. Patent 5,037,444 to Applicant, issued August 6, 1991 has been issued reveals certain principles that are refer to a prosthetic foot through a front foot part and a heel part is marked, which is permanent or can be releasably connected to each other, whereby both the forefoot part and the heel part against accordingly assembled heel and foot parts can be easily replaced can. This interchangeability allows a size adjustment development or the provision of different spring constants, to adapt to the size of the foot of the amputee or on the step and the weight of the amputee, which is an almost infinite range of combinations of Spring constant and size for the amputee gives and one natural step and a springy gait that allowed through known prosthetic devices so far not he have been targeted. In the invention according to the US patent The applicant's 50 37 444 becomes a horizontal mounting surface used to attach the prosthesis to a pylon, whereby this horizontal mounting surface has some limitations in terms of size, weight and performance of the Prosthesis as well as difficulties and manufacturing costs brings, which are avoided by the present invention should.

The invention therefore creates a prosthetic foot that is known  is characterized by a forefoot part and a heel part, which are permanently or permanently connected to each other can, with the forefoot part stretching upwards Kenden fastening section that facilitates the manufacture tert and creates resistance to rotation, whereby both the Forefoot part as well as the heel part slightly against the forefoot and heel parts are replaced can to adjust the size or under to provide different spring constants to adapt to the size of the amputee's foot or crotch and that Make weight of the amputee, and being further one positions can be made by using egg auxiliary ankle spring part. Therefore, an almost infinite Combination of spring constant and size for the amputee be provided, creating a natural step and a fe dernder gait can be achieved by known prosthetic Devices can not be achieved.

The invention further provides a prosthetic foot for the mentioned type with an interchangeable or permanent front the foot part, the a toe section, an instep section, a curved ankle or tarsal section and yourself has upward extending mounting portion, all so are constructed so that they have no decreasing thickness need. In addition, a heel part is in the aforementioned foot provided that has a mounting portion which on the intersection of the instep and toe sections of the front foot part is attached, and a heel section, which itself over the curved ankle section and the attachment section of the forefoot part extends. The heel cut extends over the curved ankle section and the attachment portion of the forefoot part.

The forefoot part can, as mentioned above, with differ Chen sizes and spring constants are provided, and a Auxiliary ankle part can be used, which allows it the gait, weight and level of activity of the amputee  easily adapt. Accordingly, the forefoot part be releasably connected to the heel part of the foot to allow different heel part sizes with under different spring constants in a usable relationship to attach the forefoot part.

In addition, the invention creates a prosthetic foot aforementioned type, in which both the forefoot and the Heel part of the foot can be made and the auxiliary ankle can be made from overlaid laminates, the ge by an embedding polymer in a usable relationship will hold, and in which the toe, instep, ankle and fastening section of the forefoot part, the heel cut the heel part and the auxiliary ankle attachment to egg ner bending stress are able, which by the number of the laminates and polymers in the toe, instep, ankle and Be fastening section of the forefoot part, in the heel section of the heel and in the ankle attachment becomes. Therefore, the different parts and sections of the same embedded in a polymer and to a spring tension able to respond when ankle strains during the Use the foot to be exercised on them.

Next is according to the invention in a prosthetic foot a forefoot part of the aforementioned type is provided which continuous, integrally and simultaneously manufactured toe, Instep, ankle and fastening sections, where these sections as a single entity through poly Impregnation of reinforcing layers arranged one above the other ten, which are produced in the desired configuration tion of the forefoot part and the toe, instep, Ankle and fastening section are to a spring tension capable of being generated by energy storage where by applying bending moments to the toe sections for a uniform transmission of the spring tension over the Instep section and over the curved ankle section of the Forefoot part leads to the fastening portion thereof.  

Alternatively, material with chopped fibers or other suitable reinforcement material instead of the aforementioned lami nate or in addition to the same.

In addition, the invention provides the aforementioned prothe table foot, where the curved ankle section of the front the foot part at its upper end from the upper attachment section exists and at its lower end in the Instep section extends and forms this, the lower End, the curved ankle section and the upper fastening tion section an approximately uniform thickness transverse to Have longitudinal axis of the sections. Likewise, the heels part and its different sections with an approximate ver uniform thickness transverse to the longitudinal axis of the sections see.

The invention also provides the aforementioned auxiliary ankle strengthening that the ankle section of the forefoot part is ordered to the resistance of the ankle section against Be increase loads on the toe section of the forefoot partly exercised. The principle of the auxiliary ankle leg stops the provision of ankle parts passing through different spring constants are marked, which allows tet, the resistance of the ankle section against bending exactly on weight, level of activity and other properties the person for whom the foot is being adjusted.

The polymers used to incorporate the fiber layers beds are characterized by elasticity and flexibility net, so that the forefoot and heel part proportio to the contact of the forefoot part with an adjacent one Bend surface, which causes the resulting energy saved and then released when the gear of the amputee, which contains thrust and lifting components, for Utilization of the stored energy and consequently to egg A reduction in the amount of energy used by the amputee  gie leads. There is a gradual increase in stiffness, when the toe section lever arm is down shortened due to a gradual bending thereof.

The invention further provides an improved clutch mechanism mechanism for attaching a prosthetic foot to the top mentioned type on an auxiliary pylon tube, which in turn on the Lower leg of the carrier is attached.

In order to give the prosthetic foot a cosmetic aspect, after the foot has been properly adjusted and to be guaranteed Most that the forefoot and heel part and the auxiliary ankles are properly balanced and the appropriate size ha ben, the prosthesis can be inserted into a suitably shaped sleeve to be encapsulated using the prosthetic foot a conventional shoe. The shell must be out be sufficiently flexible so that they allow the free bend of the front foot and heel part as well as the auxiliary ankle of the pro thetic foot is not hindered, but because of the cont resilient and tension-absorbing properties of the Little dependence on the additional cushioning kung the cover is needed.

As a result, the foot is characterized according to the invention due to extremely light weight, instant response to exerted loads and corresponding instantaneous removal ben the stored energy when the wearer's gait on shows that the stored energy should be released. In addition, the foot can easily be used Relation to conventional additional pylons and couplings can be adjusted and fine-tuned by own forefoot, heel and auxiliary ankle are adjusted so that the final operative Responding to the needs of the wearer is achieved.

As a result, the wearer of the foot can have a wide variety of activities that have developed in the past because of  structural restrictions and the corresponding services of known prostheses were excluded. The foot keeps running Jump out and other activities and can do the same How to use the normal foot of the wearer.

Embodiments of the invention are described below Described in more detail with reference to the drawings. It shows

Fig. 1 is a side view of part of the invention constructed in accordance with the prosthesis,

2 is a view in plan view and in section along the line 2 -.. 2 in Fig 1,

Fig. 3 is a front view along the line 3 - 3 in Fig. 2, and

Figure 4 is a partial section and side view taken along line 4 -. 4 in Fig. 2.

The drawings and in particular FIGS. 1 and 2 show a prosthetic foot 10 which is constructed according to the invention and has a forefoot part 80 and a heel part 84 , which can be used by screw and nut combinations 104 , to which load-transmitting metallic plates 106 are assigned and are releasably connected to each other. If it is indicated, the forefoot and heel parts can be permanently attached to each other, for example by epoxy or the like.

The forefoot part 80 of the prosthesis 10 has an essentially rigid upper fastening section 92 , a curved ankle or root section 94 , an instep or instep section 96 and a toe section 82 . The sections 92 , 94 , 96 and 82 of the forefoot part 80 are preferably made in one piece and at the same time from a plurality of layers which are embedded in hardened, flexible polymer. Alternatively, chopped fiber containing or other suitable reinforcing material can be used instead of or in addition to the aforementioned layers.

The fastening section 92 has two centrally arranged openings 88 ( FIG. 4). The attachment portion 92 is substantially rigid and able to withstand torsional, impact and other loads that are exerted on it by the forefoot part 80 and the heel part 84 of the prosthesis. In addition, the inherent rigidity of the fastening supply section 92 causes the effective transmission of the aforementioned loads which are exerted on it to a suitable additional prosthetic pylon 30 by screw and nut tern combinations 98 which are connected via openings 88 to a pylon coupling 90 . A screw 100 or other suitable fasteners hold the additional pylon 30 in the coupling 90 .

In the particular embodiment shown in FIGS . 1-4, the auxiliary ankle 86 is disposed between the coupling 90 and the ankle portion 80 and is operatively related to the ankle portion 94 of the ankle portion through the use of centrally located openings in one Fastening portion 102 of the ankle portion 86 attached, these openings being substantially aligned with the openings 88 of the fastening portion 92 of the ankle portion. The bolt and nut combinations 98 hold the various components in the aforementioned serviceable relationship. Alternative embodiments would include attaching the auxiliary ankle 86 to a rear surface of the attachment portion 92 .

In the preferred embodiment, the bolt and nut combinations 104, in conjunction with the load-transferring metallic plates 106, are used to secure the heel portion 84 in operable relationship with the forefoot portion 80 of the prosthesis. This type of attachment facilitates the attachment or detachment of selected heel parts 84 in operable relationship with selected forefoot parts 80 , thus allowing a wide range of different sizes and stress response properties to be related to one another to provide the optimal functional correspondence between the forefoot part 80 and chen to reach the heel part 84 .

An auxiliary ankle portion 86 can be used to reduce the flexibility of the forefoot portion 80 . The auxiliary ankle 86 consists of fiber layers of the same type as the different parts of the prosthesis 10 . In the preferred embodiment, the auxiliary ankle 86 has a fastening section 102 which is operatively associated with the coupling 90 and the upper fastening section 92 of the forefoot part 80 and is preferably arranged between them. The auxiliary ankle 86 is preferably secured for use in relation to the curved ankle portion 94 of the forefoot part 80 by the aforementioned assembly of the coupling 90 with the screw and nut combinations 98 . At its opposite end to the fastening portion 102 , the ankle portion 86 has a tapered portion 108 which creates a varying flexibility along the length of the ankle portion 86 and also reduces the likelihood that the ankle portion 86 will cooperate with the forefoot portion 80 and the cosmetic cover of the prosthesis, which is described in more detail below, is undesirably hindered or blocked. In alternative embodiments, this taper is not necessary for carrying out the invention, so that the ankle part 86 can accordingly be provided with a relatively uniform thickness over its length.

In the preferred embodiment, the auxiliary ankle portion 86 is attached to the relatively inner radius of the curved ankle portion 94 so that the expected upward bend of the toe portion 82 of the forefoot portion 80 , which will be described in more detail below, will later result in deformation of the auxiliary ankle 86 and one Deformation of the ankle portion 94 will be effective, by which the deformation resistance and energy storage properties of the auxiliary ankle portion 86 are effectively combined with those of the ankle portion 94 . Alternative embodiments would include attaching the auxiliary ankle 86 to the rear surface of the attachment portion 92 and further attaching the tapered auxiliary ankle portion 108 to a lower surface 62 of the ankle portion 94 to resist the aforementioned desired combination of deformation resistance - And the energy storage properties of the auxiliary ankle part 86 with those of the ankle section 94 to form.

The auxiliary ankle part 86 can be provided with different layer numbers in order to make it more or less flexible for loads which are transmitted through the ankle portion 94 . As a result, when confronted with various amputee anomalies such as being overweight or having excessive levels of activity, the basic structure of the forefoot part 80 and in particular the ankle section 94 can be materially modified in order to achieve behavior of the ankle part which is precisely adjusted to the needs of the amputee. In particular, a variety of auxiliary ankle parts 86 can be provided to an amputee that allow the flexibility of the prosthesis to be adjusted based on the particular activity that the amputee is developing.

As mentioned, a cosmetic cover, not shown, can be provided to encase the prosthesis 10 after the optimal assembly of the forefoot part 80 and heel part 84 and any auxiliary ankle part 86 have been made. Unlike the known constructions, however, the cosmetic sheath, which can be formed from molded polymer of low density, is not required to perform any additional shock absorbing or other stress-insulating function, since all loads that are exerted on the prosthesis can be absorbed, transmitted and brought to bear again in the manner described in more detail below.

The bolt and nut combinations 104 are used in conjunction with the load-distributing metallic plates 106 to secure the heel portion 84 in operable relationship with the forefoot portion 80 of the prosthesis 10 , as best shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawings. The aforementioned type of attachment facilitates the assembly or disassembly of selected heel parts 84 in operable relationship with selected forefoot parts 80 of the prosthesis 10 , which allows a wide range of different sizes and stress loading response characteristics to be related to one another to provide the optimal functional correspondence between the forefoot part 80 and the heel part 84 to form and adapt to the needs of the wearer of the prosthesis to the maximum extent and also to carry out a suitable adaptation of the prosthesis 10 to a selected additional pylon 30 or the like.

The forefoot part 80 has, as shown in FIG. 1 of the drawings, the toe section 82 , the instep or instep section 96 , the curved ankle section 94 and the fastening section 92 . The heel part 84 has the fastening section 22 and the heel section 28 , which preferably extends with its rear end 56 over an outermost rearward surface 58 of the fastening section 92 of the forefoot part of the prosthesis 10 . Matching holes (not shown) in the instep portion 96 of the forefoot part 80 and heel part 84 take the screw and Mutternkom combinations to 104, to provide for the above-mentioned simplicity of mounting and dismounting of the forefoot part 80 and the Fer senteils 84th In the preferred embodiment, the various portions of the forefoot portion 80 are all constructed so that their thickness does not need to be tapered, although it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to this non-tapered construction.

Between the lower surface 62 of the ankle section 94 of the heel part 84 and an upper surface 64 of the heel section 28 , an elastic, resilient functional block 70 with a wedge-shaped structure is arranged to fix the lever arm of the fer senababschnitt 28 and the lower surface 62 of the ankle section 94 and to isolate upper surface 64 of heel section 28 from one another. Functional block 70 can be made from a wide variety of resilient materials, including natural and synthetic rubber or the like.

The materials from which the forefoot part 80 , the heel part 84 and the auxiliary ankle 86 are made must be such that there is an energy-storing, elastic, federar term effect. This is necessary because each touch of the prosthesis 10 with an adjacent surface causes compression, torsion and other stresses to be exerted on the prosthesis 10 , which ge stores within the prosthesis and then, depending on the step of the wearer, again have to be exerted on the surface in order to achieve a natural step which is ideally adapted in every respect to the step of the unimpeded leg of the wearer of the prosthesis 10 .

The forefoot part 80 and the heel part 84 as well as the auxiliary ankle 86 of the prosthesis are preferably shaped as unitary components, and carefully shaped so that a stress exerted on them is evenly absorbed. The configuration of the two parts 80 and 84 is extremely important, and the chopped fibers, laminates or other reinforcing materials as well as the polymer or polymers from which the parts 80 and 84 are made must be elastic and able to withstand the pressure - Torsions- and other stresses mentioned above, to record and to release the stored energy generated by these stresses in a natural way back to the exposed surface, which originally exerted these stresses on the prosthesis 10 .

It has been found that there are a limited number of polymers that are able spruchungen the considerable Bean and withstand repeated loads which are exerted on the prosthesis 10, particularly in light of the many stress cycles to which the prosthesis 10 normal during the is exposed to daily use.

Currently, the best material for prosthesis 10 is a composite of high strength graphite fiber in a high toughness, thermosetting epoxy system. There are several reasons for this: (1) high strength; (2) the stiffness to weight ratio of graphite compared to that of other materials; (3) the almost complete return of the supplied or stored energy; (4) light weight; (5) high fatigue strength; and (6) minimal creep. As an alternative material, fiberglass / epoxy is a fair choice, but it's not as good as graphite because it has lower fatigue strength and higher density. Kevlar is even less acceptable because of the poor pressure and shear strength, although it has the lowest density among the materials mentioned.

An important aspect of the polymers and the chopped fibers or laminates mentioned above is that they are characterized by a required but not excessive deflection under load, which property allows the shock absorbing stress loading of the prosthesis 10 while providing sufficient stability to prevent the forefoot 80 , heel 84, and ankle 86 of the prosthesis 10 from collapsing when stress is applied to them.

To achieve the relatively thin construction of the foot part 80 and the heel part 84 and the auxiliary ankle part 86 of the prosthesis 10 , the aforementioned polymers are used in conjunction with various reinforcing or laminating materials. Various types of fiber layers can be used to achieve the continuum required by the design of the foot portion 80 , heel portion 84 and ankle portion 86 to complement the stress absorbing and storing properties of the polymers into which the fiber layers are incorporated are embedded.

Of course there is a wide variety of Fiber reinforcements in the form of layers available, for which anor include ganic fibers like glass or carbon fibers. This anor Ganic fibers are usually in ribbon or sheet form delivered and can easily cross over in the form be stored so that they are embedded in the selected polymer can be tet. The fibers can also, as indicated above, be chopped or in some other form.

Apparently, the number of layers or other reinforcement layers and their lengths together with the thickness of the embedding polymer determine the tension properties of the resulting foot and heel parts 80 , 84 and ankle part 86 and accordingly the total weight of the prosthesis 10 . From the following description it will be clear that the individual foot part 80 , the single heel part 84 and the single ankle part 86 are designed in such a way that they are specially adapted to persons who have different foot sizes, different weights and different steps, and which in individual design of the foot part 80 , the heel part 84 and the ankle part 86 results in an adaptation to an extent previously unknown in the prior art to the natural properties of the unaffected leg of the wearer.

The functional block 70 can be provided in different sizes and mate rialien, which have different compression properties, so that the lever arm and the corresponding deflections of the heel section 28 can be increased or decreased.

The ankle section 94 , as mentioned above, is made integral with the upper fastening section 92 , and the fastening section forms the upper end of the ankle section 94 , whereas the beginning of the instep section 96 of the forefoot part 80 forms the lower end of the ankle section 94 . The configuration of the ankle portion 94 in conjunction with the auxiliary ankle portion 86 is the measure by which pressure loads, which are exerted when the foot portion 80 and the heel portion 84 are placed on an adjacent surface, are absorbed and then reapplied to that surface. The ankle portion 94 and the auxiliary ankle portion 86 are designed to function substantially like an ankle to allow the forefoot portion 80 to pivot in a manner analogous to the manner in which the normal foot is around it normal ankle is pivoted about an axis transverse to the ankle.

The radii of curvature of the ankle section 94 and the auxiliary knuckle part 86 correspond to one another, so that the inherent elasticity and flexibility of the forefoot part 80 result and at the same time undesirable, excessive collapse of the ankle section 94 is prevented.

The attachment portion 22 of the heel portion 84 is rigid in wesent union, and the initial deflection of the heel portion 28 occurs directly at the rear end 56 of the heel portion, which ends directly at the functional block 70 . By a longer or less elastic functional block 70 , the lever arm of the heel section 28 of the heel part 84 is reduced, and accordingly the flexural modulus of the ankle section is reduced, whereas a shorter or more elastic functional block 70 increases the lever arm and accordingly the deflection of the heel section 28 under load enlarged.

The toe section 82 and the heel section 28 can be provided with un different lengths so that they correspond to the size of the foot of the wearer of the prosthesis 10 . If these different lengths are provided, a corresponding reduction or increase in the number of layers and the tapering of the thickness of the toe section 82 and of the heel section 28 can be carried out in order to ensure the appropriate deflection of the toe section and the heel section. It should also be noted that, even with the shortest heel section 28, the rear end 56 thereof preferably protrudes beyond the rear surface 58 of the forefoot part 80 . As a result, the stabilization and stress absorption properties of the heel portion 28 of the prosthesis 10 are always maintained.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many alternative embodiments of coupling 90 can be constructed and used interchangeably with the many alternative embodiments of the remainder of the invention.

It is clear that in each embodiment of the invention the Fiber reinforcements in the form of layer layers, which in the Prosthesis are embedded, can be adapted or tapered to achieve a gradual transition when the An number of layers in any area of the forefoot or of the heel is reduced.

If a relatively light person participates in sports or other activities, in which the prosthesis 10 is subjected to greater loads, a heel part 84 or a forefoot part 80 is fitted which speaks to these larger loads.

The ankle portion 94 of the forefoot part 80 flexes under load and the auxiliary ankle part 86 flexes as well. In addition, the toe section 82 and the instep section 96 of the forefoot part 80 and the heel section 28 of the heel part 84 bend under this load. Therefore, the ankle section 94 , the auxiliary ankle part 86 , the instep section 96 , the toe section 82 and the heel section 28 , when subjected to vertical pressure loads, absorb these loads.

As a result, there is no stress concentration, neither in the impact phase, when the adjacent surface is first touched by the wearer of the prosthesis 10 , nor when the accumulated forces stored in the prosthesis 10 are returned.

The curvature of the toe section 82 ensures maximum adaptation of this section during surface contact in both the impact and the force return phase of the prosthesis 10 . Similar considerations apply to the curvature of the heel section 28 of the heel part 84 of the prosthesis 10 . The curvatures of the toe section 82 and the heel section 28 result in relatively long lever arms through which stability and also tension storage and tension reaction can be achieved.

The preferred method of making forefoot 80 and heel 84 and auxiliary ankle 86 of prosthesis 10 is a thermoset molding process which involves the use of molds having suitably shaped and dimensioned mold cavities. The mold cavities are designed to accommodate the required number of laminates and the appropriate amount of polymer.

In contrast to the known unitary devices, the adjustment of the prosthesis 10 includes the appropriate adjustment of the prosthesis by the suitable combination of the forefoot part 80 , the heel part 84 and the auxiliary ankle part 86 . It also includes the selection of the correctly designed additional pylon 30 , which can be fastened by means of the coupling 90 to the fastening section 92 of the front foot part 80 . Only if the correct correlation between the forefoot part 80 , the heel part 84 , the auxiliary ankle part 86 and the additional pylon 30 is present, can the cosmetic cover, not shown, be attached to the assembled parts of the prosthesis 10 .

By means of the prosthesis according to the invention, a foot is created which can be carefully adapted to the weight, the crotch and the physical properties of the wearer. That will be enough by carefully balancing the physical properties of the forefoot part 80 , the heel part 84 , the auxiliary ankle part 86 and the various sections thereof.

In addition, the assembled prosthesis has a lot of ge lighter weight than the known prostheses because of the inherent Design and construction of the prosthesis, the materials used and the careful calculation of the stress factors of the components the prosthesis to fine-tune the prosthesis to the needs allow the wearer to wear them.

The prosthesis according to the invention has some special features have been described, but the special designs and construct tions that have been described are not limited understandable sense, because different modifications, which will be obvious to the expert are in the Framework of the invention, and all changes and modifications fall under the appended claims.

Claims (27)

1. Prosthetic foot, characterized by the following combination: a forefoot part ( 80 ) which has a toe section ( 82 ), a curved ankle section ( 94 ) and a substantially vertically extending fastening section ( 92 ) which is immediately above the curved ankle section ( 94 ) ends; a heel portion ( 84 ) having an attachment portion ( 22 ) attached to the forefoot portion ( 80 ) and a heel portion ( 28 ) extending therefrom to the rear; and an auxiliary ankle portion ( 86 ) attached to the curved ankle portion ( 94 ). 2. Prosthetic foot according to claim 1, characterized in that the heel part ( 84 ) on the forefoot part ( 80 ) is releasably attached so that heel parts ( 84 ) which have different spring constants, on the forefoot part ( 80 ) of the foot ( 10 ) can be attached. 3. Prosthetic foot according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the auxiliary ankle part ( 86 ) is a spring which borders on the curved ankle portion ( 94 ) and is fixed in operative relation to this. 4. Prosthetic foot according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an elastic spring part ( 70 ) between a lower surface ( 62 ) of the forefoot part ( 80 ) and a cutting upper surface ( 64 ) of the heel part ( 84 ) is inserted . 5. Prosthetic foot according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the forefoot part ( 80 ) is made of overlaid laminates which are kept in a usable relationship by an embedding polymer, and that the ankle section ( 94 ) and the toe section ( 82 ) of the forefoot part ( 80 ) are capable of bending stresses which are determined by the dimensions of the laminates in the ankle and toe sections ( 94, 82 ) of the forefoot part ( 80 ). 6. A prosthetic foot according to claim 5, characterized in that the heel part ( 84 ) is made of superimposed laminates, which are embedded in a polymer, and is capable of a spring tension response when ankle loads during use of the foot ( 10 ) be exercised on him. 7. prosthetic foot, characterized by the following combination nation: a forefoot part ( 80 ), which consists of a continuous, integral and simultaneously formed fastening, ge curved ankle, instep and toe section ( 92 , 94 , 96 , 82 ), these Sections are unitary Herge provides, the ankle, instep and toe section ( 94 , 96 , 82 ) are capable of spring tension, which is generated by energy storage, whereby the action of the toe section ( 82 ) Bending moments will cause a uniform transmission of the spring tension via the instep and curved ankle section ( 96 , 94 ) to the fastening section ( 92 ), a heel part ( 84 ) which is fastened to the forefoot part ( 80 ), the heel part ( 84 ) has a rear end that extends beyond the curved ankle portion ( 94 ) of the forefoot portion ( 80 ) of the foot ( 10 ); and an auxiliary ankle portion (86) which is superimposed on the ankle portion (94), said auxiliary ankle portion (86) is capable of a substantial degree of energy during use of the store per thetic foot (10), in addition to the Energy storage of the forefoot part ( 80 ). 8. Prosthetic foot according to claim 7, characterized in that an elastic spring part ( 70 ) between a un lower surface ( 62 ) of the instep section ( 96 ) of the forefoot part ( 80 ) and a cutting upper surface ( 64 ) of the heel part ( 84 ) is inserted. 9. A prosthetic foot according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the ankle section ( 94 ) of the forefoot part ( 80 ) has an upper end which is formed by the fastening section ( 92 ), and a lower end which is in extends and forms the instep section ( 96 ), the lower end, the instep section ( 96 ) and the toe section ( 82 ) gradually tapering in thickness to one end of the toe section ( 82 ). 10. Prosthetic foot according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the heel part ( 84 ) on the front of the foot part ( 80 ) is releasably attachable to the fastening of the heel part ( 84 ) to the forefoot part ( 80 ) and the Ent distant from the forefoot part ( 80 ) to allow replacement of forefoot parts ( 80 ) that have different spring constants. 11. A prosthetic foot according to claim 10, characterized in that the heel part ( 84 ) has a Befestigungsab section ( 22 ) and a rear tapered Fer senabschnitt ( 28 ) which ends behind the ankle section ( 94 ). 12. Multi-part prosthetic foot, characterized by the following combination: an upper unitary foot part ( 80 ) which has an upwardly extending fastening section ( 92 ) and a downwardly extending and forwardly opening ankle section ( 94 ) as well as an instep and a toe section ( 96 , 82 ), all of which sections are integral and simultaneously manufactured with each other; an auxiliary ankle portion ( 86 ) overlapping the ankle portion ( 94 ); and a lower foot portion having a front end attached to the underside of the upper foot portion and a rear end extending beyond the ankle portion ( 94 ) of the upper foot portion, the auxiliary ankle portion ( 86 ) being noticeable Extent of energy storage during use of the prosthetic foot ( 10 ) in addition to the energy storage of the forefoot part ( 80 ) is capable. 13. A prosthetic foot according to claim 12, characterized in that the fastening section ( 92 ) is formed by an upper arm of the ankle section ( 94 ) and that a lower end of the ankle section ( 94 ) forms the beginning of the instep section ( 96 ) of the upper foot part . 14. A prosthetic foot according to claim 13, characterized in that an elastic spring part ( 70 ) between a lower surface ( 62 ) of the instep portion ( 96 ) of the foot part and a cutting upper surface ( 64 ) of the ferent part ( 84 ) is inserted . 15. Prosthetic foot according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the heel part ( 84 ) on the foot part ( 80 ) is releasably attached to the substitution of heel parts ( 84 ) with different spring constants in a usable relationship with the foot part ( 80 ) of the prosthetic foot ( 10 ). 16. A prosthetic foot according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the auxiliary ankle part ( 86 ) is derlasted and adjoins the ankle portion ( 94 ) and is attached in a usable relationship therewith. 17. Prosthetic foot according to one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the foot part ( 80 ) tapers from a lower end of the ankle section ( 94 ) to one end of the toe section ( 82 ). 18. A prosthetic foot according to claim 17, characterized in that the heel part ( 84 ) has a mounting section ( 22 ) and a heel section ( 28 ) which extends from its interface with the mounting section ( 22 ) to a rear end of the heel section ( 28 ) gradually and evenly tapered. 19. lower leg prosthesis with a fastening device for fastening the prosthesis to the stump of a wearer, characterized by the following combination: a J-shaped forefoot part ( 80 ), in which the J-shape has a fastening part ( 92 ) which is effectively assigned to the fastening device , wherein the attachment member has sufficient strength to transmit and withstand forces exerted on the prosthesis ( 10 ) in use thereof, a curved ankle section ( 94 ) immediately adjacent to the attachment member ( 92 ) and one forward extending toe portion ( 82 ), the J-shaped forefoot portion ( 80 ) being able to store and release energy during movement without the need for any energy storage and release in any additional pylon portion. 20. Prosthesis according to claim 19, characterized in that the vertical fastening part ( 92 ), the curved ankle section ( 94 ) and the toe section ( 82 ) are integrally produced, so that energy storage generated by spring tension takes place, whereby the loading of the toe section ( 82 ) with bending moments will lead to a uniform transmission of the spring tension over the curved ankle section ( 94 ) to the fastening section ( 92 ). 21. A prosthesis according to claim 19 or 20, characterized by a heel part ( 84 ) which is attached to the J-shaped forefoot part ( 80 ). 22. A prosthesis according to claim 21, characterized in that the heel part ( 84 ) on the J-shaped forefoot part ( 80 ) is releasably attached. 23. The prosthesis according to one of claims 19 to 22, characterized by an auxiliary ankle part ( 86 ) which is attached to the curved ankle section ( 94 ). 24. The prosthetic foot, characterized by the following combination nation: a forefoot portion (80), the fastening portion has a Zehabschnitt (82), a curved ankle section (94) and a Be (92), wherein its mountings constriction portion (92) having a substantially vertically it has a stretching upper end that ends immediately above the ankle section ( 94 ), the upper end being arranged so that it is easy to attach to the support, the forefoot part ( 80 ) for energy storage and energy recovery is able to move while moving, without the need for any energy storage and re-release in any additional pylon part. 25. Prosthetic foot according to claim 24, characterized by an auxiliary ankle part ( 86 ) which is attached to the curved ankle portion ( 94 ). 26. A prosthetic foot according to claim 24 or 25, characterized by a heel part ( 84 ) which has a fastening section ( 22 ) which is fastened to the forefoot part ( 80 ), and a heel section ( 28 ) which extends from the latter extends backwards. 27. Prosthetic foot according to claim 26, characterized in that the heel part ( 84 ) is releasably attached.